Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1. Field of Invention
This invention relates generally to joints for sections of tapered chimneys used in tents and to stoves mounted on chimneys that support tents
2. Description of Prior Art
Lightweight liquid fueled stoves are widely used by outdoor travelers today who demand the smallest, lightest equipment. The stoves have no chimney so are essentially only good for fair weather use outside the tent. When caught in cold, wet, windy weather many campers ignore the obvious hazards and light the stove inside their tent if they can't run for home. Liquid fuel has to be packed in, the longer the trip the more weight to be carried.
Usually deadwood is readily available where backpackers travel. It is logical to use a wood burning stove for heating and cooking in the comfortable shelter of a tent in any kind of weather. Wood stoves, however, have not been accepted by many backpackers because of problems with stoves and the serious need for a safe dependable chimney.
Some problems are as follows:
1. Tapered pipe sections are used for camp stove chimneys because one section slides totally into another for convenient packing. The traditional method of joining two sections of tapered or straight stove pipe is by crimping one end of pipe to make the diameter small enough to fit into the end of another section that has not been crimped. Straight pipe sections overlap each other as much as the length of crimping. The length of overlap with tapered pipe is limited because of the taper. This short overlap at the crimped joint of tapered stove pipe puts high pressures on the metal in the region of the joint. As a result light thin gauge metal can not be used for tapered stove pipe. Chimneys using this crimped joint for tapered or straight pipe cannot support the weight of a tent.
2. Chimneys using this crimped joint in windy conditions are subject to disconnection from the stove or the pipe joints when the pipe sits in the stove connection and passes through a roof jack. Wind on the tent roof jerks the roof jack up and down sometimes pulling apart the connections. The chimney is loose and bearing no weight.
3. Chimneys exiting the tent through the side wall or a low part of the tent roof are usually too hot to be safe. The roof jack is too close to the stove.
4. If chimney and stove both sit on the ground, the coupling between them can be strained by the movement of the chimney and not the stove.
5. A separate pole must be carried to support the tent if the chimney is not used for support.
6. A horizontal stove position causes the radiant heat to beam mostly up and down not as much outward to the occupants of the tent. Radiant heat is the most useful type of heat in a tent.
7. Wood can not be stacked vertical and burned from the top down using a clean burn gassifier method in a horizontal stove.
8. The hottest part of prior art camp stoves is the stove to chimney port not the cooking surface. A large hot fire is needed to keep the cooking surface hot enough. A large portion of heat is lost up the chimney.
9. Hot fly ash burns holes in the tent and may be the surrounding forest if a spark arrester is not used. Screens often plug and have to be taken off and cleaned and this usually happens when there is a fire in the stove and the screen is to hot to handle.
Patents
U.S. Pat. No. 1,468,165 to Moore [1923] discloses a tent supported by a center end of the tent pole is provided with vent openings through which cold air is free to pass upwardly through the chimney to the atmosphere outside the tent The stove is attached to the chimney horizontally. No joints in chimney. Spark arrester is needed. Cook surface is not hottest part of the stove.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,844,108 to Rohrer [1987] discloses a tent supported by a center pole which serves as a chimney for a stove disposed within a tent. A water jacket surrounds the center pole near the stove. The center pole is formed from pole segments which are nested on top of another through a slip fit connection. Chimney joint described above would not be strong enough if made this way with light gauge metal. Stove and chimney sit on ground separately so coupling between is strained. Horizontal stove; chimney not tapered; needs a spark arrester; cooking surface is not the hottest part of the stove.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,896,655 to Urso [1990] discloses a portable heating system operable in three modes: an under-blanket-heating mode; a tent heating mode; and a food heating mode. Combustion air is drawn from outside the tent, and combustion product containing exhaust gasses are expelled from the tent via the tent entry. Gas stove with loose chimney.
U.S. Pat. No. ______ to Riley [1990] discloses a modular kitchen having utility tables, sinks, cabinetry, an air tight wood stove and a flue-mounted oven, all constructed of sheet metal. The stove includes an air tight non-warping cook top, hollow double bottom, hinged hot water tank and supports a double-walled damper-controlled oven and warming shelf. When disassembled, the sheet metal components are storable in a nested relationship to each other. To pack chimney sections, the vertical joints are separated and the sections are opened lengthwise and nested. Straight loose chimney; horizontal stove; needs a spark arrester; cooking surface not the hottest part of stove.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,119,799 to Cowan [1992] discloses a small lightweight fuel efficient collapsible wood burning stove comprising six parts that form a combustion chamber, and four supporting legs, all fabricated from thin sheet metal and held together entirely by a system of flanges produced by bending peripheral edges of the six parts and four supporting legs, and by four easily installed and removed pin-spring-chain assemblies. Cooking surface is not the hottest part of stove. horizontal stove; loose chimney not tapered; side wall exit; spark arrester is needed;
U.S. Pat. No. 5,842,463 to Hall [1998] discloses a portable camp stove that is clean burning and is designed for use only outside the tent. No chimney.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,604,759 to Binoder [2003] discloses a pipe connection of two pipe ends pushed into a sleeve. The pipe connection includes a spherical shape between the inside wall of the sleeve and the outside wall of at least one pipe end. Sleeve and pipe are not tapered.
U.S. Application No. 20,302,200,905[2003] to Reed discloses a process for producing gas from wood fuels and burning the gas in a close-coupled combustor to produce clean heat. Gas is driven from wood fuel at a constant rate by slow combustion using a small regulated amount of primary air followed by combustion of the gas so formed with a larger regulated amount of secondary air to produce a clean hot combustion gas which is used for process heat, space heating or cooking.
U.S. Application No 4267817 to Hicks [1981] discloses a horizontal stove with a baffle that directs heat to the top of the stove.
U.S. Application No 5445137 to Crews [1995] discloses a gas fired stove with a chimney for use inside a tent. Chimney does not bear weight.
Marketed Products
Kifaru—www.tipikfare.net This company markets a wood burning stove and chimney system light enough to be attractive to some serious backpackers. The system has problems associated with a loose chimney, horizontal stove, needs spark arrester, cooking surface is not the hottest part of the stove. A center pole must be carried for tent support.
Umbrella tents were marketed in years past. They were square and used a center pole. Various ways were used to support the tent walls about one quarter of the way from the top. Poles radiated out from the center pole into each corner or a horizontal square frame was attached to the tent and not connected to the center pole. The poles used were rigid and heavy. A round horizontal hoop frame, or complete circle of flexible poles was not available.
Titanium Goat —www.titaniumgoat.com offers a light weight camp stove with a chimney for a tent. Cooking surface is not the hottest part of the stove. chimney is loose; a separate center pole is used; horizontal stove; spark arrester needed;
Accordingly several objects and advantages of the present invention solve important problems of chimneys and stoves for tents.
1. To provide a tapered chimney made from multiple sections of tapered stove pipe butt joined with a tapered coupler sleeve at each connection. The tapered coupler sleeve is sized to tighten as it slides into place, centering over the butt joint. This assembly makes a strong safe chimney even when fabricated with light gauge metal.
2. To provide a tapered chimney using the new joint to fit any camp stove.
3. To provide a metal roof jack that is shaped to allow a cooling passage of air.
4. To provide a chimney using the new joint to support a tent. A carrier with an inner and outer flange and upper and lower collar is placed on the chimney top. The upper collar passing through a tent roof jack and the roof jack resting on the outer flange. The inner flange is a stop for the chimney top. The outer flange has evenly spaced attachment points for multiple of cords tied to a horizontal hoop encircling the chimney not attached to a tent. Sections of flexible tent poles are put together to form a complete circle or hoop which is a new use for this type of pole that is commonly used in dome tents. This arrangement gives umbrella type support to a tent.
5. To provide a boiler fitted on the upper collar of the carrier outside of a tent to capture heat at the top of the chimney. The boiler channels heat around a container to be heated. The container is fitted with a bail and can be lifted out with a stick. Capturing heat from the a top of the chimney of a camp stove is a new idea that can only be used with a chimney that can bear weight.
6. To provide a base for the chimney to sit upon. A base cup to support the bottom of the chimney is welded to a base collar with two opposite support notches to hold a long piece of fire wood under and perpendicular to the chimney. The ends of the wood are used as handles to adjust the position of a hot chimney-stove assembly and also serves as a bridge across melted snow under the chimney.
7. To provide a stove mounted vertical on the chimney enabling the chimney-stove assembly to be locked together for safety giving the unit one pivot point at the chimney base. The chimney bears weight so it is stable and secure.
8. To provide a stove mounted vertically on the chimney to radiate heat outward to the occupants of a tent, not as much up and down as is the case with a horizontal mount. Radiant heat is the most useful type of heat in a tent with no insulation.
9. To provide a baffle inside the stove mounted parallel to the cooking surface. A smoke port in the baffle near the front of the stove directs and concentrates heat under the cooking surface making it the hottest part of the stove. The baffle steps down to make space for a rectangular smoke port in the back of the stove. A small fire keeps the cooking surface hot.
10. The baffle of item #9 also slows and cools hot fly ash thereby protecting a tent or forest from burning. A spark arrester screen is not usually needed.
11. To provide a stove that simmers very well burning one piece of wood at a time and keeping the cooking surface hot (300F-700F). This is made possible by a small square grate (approximately 1¾ in. square for a 6 in. stove top) in a cone shaped bottom cover of the stove which concentrates draft directly on the small burn. The cone shape causes burning material to roll down over the grate. This bottom primary draft volume is controlled by two opposed sliding doors meeting at the center controlling how hot and how fast the wood burns.
12. To provide a stove that is mounted vertically on the chimney so that a full load of wood can be stacked vertical and burn slowly from the top down. The gas burns at the top, as the wood at the bottom is heated giving a steady, clean, gasifying type burn. The secondary combustion air used to burn the gas enters a partly open vertically sliding front feed door supplying a horizontal wide band (about ⅓ diameter of the stove) of air directed at the upper part of the fire. The flames are forced to the back of the stove, setting up a circular turbulence directing the flames back and up past hot parts of the baffle to the small round smoke port in the baffle near the front of the stove and under the cooking surface.
13. This simple method of burning wood is the answer to a search for a cook stove to reduce the waste of wood using inefficient stoves and 3 rock open fires in third world countries. Features of this cook stove that will save wood are cylinder shape, vertical position, cone shaped restricted bottom primary draft, baffle and secondary upper air. When using the new stove described above, 400 grams or just under a pound of wood will keep a six inch stove top hot (300F-700F) for at least one hour. The wood will last even longer if the sides of the combustion chamber are insulated when only cooking heat is required.
14. To provide another embodiment for the feed door of item #12 when a cooking pot is larger than the stove top and prevents the sliding door from opening completely. A feed door hinged at the top is used. The door can be partly open to provide the wide band of secondary draft at the bottom. The sides of the door jamb stop air entering the stove at the sides of the door when the door is partly open.
15. To provide a V shaped heat shield under the bottom cover to protect what ever is under the stove and also collect ashes continually from the grate thereby leaving no trace of lighting a wood fire.
16. Recycled steel cans of various heights and diameters are used for the stove body, boiler and water container. Stainless steel or titanium however are the best metals for all parts. The baffle is secured to the can (stove body) by bending special edges of the can and baffle with a pair of pliers.
17. Two stoves can be mounted on one chimney when up to six people use a bigger tent.
18. To pack for traveling, the tapered chimney sections fit one inside the other. The sleeves, chimney extension, base, carrier, door, connector and a heat shield all fit inside the stove.
19. The chimney stove assembly (6 in. stove top, 3 in. chimney) can be made to weigh as little as 2 pounds with steel and aluminum and much less with titanium. Additional objects and advantages will be revealed in the details of the drawings and description.
In accordance with the present invention a tapered pipe sleeve joins tapered chimney pipe sections in a butt joint. The chimney has a top carrier for tent support, a bottom base to support chimney and stove mounted vertically on the side of the chimney.
Important parts of the stove are; a cone shaped bottom with a grate in the small end that gives a turbo like velocity to the incoming draft for a small hot fire; the baffle in the stove makes the cooking surface hottest part of stove and stops hot fly ash from passing out the chimney. The V shaped heat shield collects ashes outside the stove as the fire burns leaving no fire place scar in the woods; no trace camping.
In the drawings, closely related figures have the same number but different alphabetic suffixes.
Tapered chimney pipe sections, upper 34 and lower 36 (
A chimney top carrier 28 (
A tent is supported when attached to a metal roof jack 24 (
The carrier 28 (
Chimney extension 74 (
A chimney top boiler assembly 20 (
The load bearing chimney rests in base cup 51 (
The stove body 65 (
A baffle 60 (
The stove is attached to the chimney with connector 44 (
A square grate 55 is secured in the lower portion of a cone shaped bottom cover 54 (
Secondary combustion air required to burn the hot gases in the top of the stove is supplied by partly opening a vertically sliding feed door 40 (
A heat shield 75 (
The above description shows parts made in a home shop. The preferred embodiment has been presented however many parts will be made in the future with automatic sheet metal machinery. Other embodiments may be used which will not alter the basic ideas of the invention.
The tapered pipe sleeve used to couple tapered chimney pipes with a butt joint is a new concept that makes it possible for the chimney to support a tent, a boiler 20, hoop 72, stove. This tapered sleeve joint method of joining thin wall pipe is superior to all other types of joints.