Patent Application
20250159657
The present invention relates to a terminal and a communication method in a wireless communication system.
Term and In LTE (Long Evolution) LTE successor systems (e.g., LTE-A (LTE Advanced), NR (New Radio) (also referred to as 5G)), a D2D (Device to Device) technology in which terminals communicate directly with each other without using a base station is being discussed (e.g., Non-Patent Document 1).
The D2D reduces traffic between the terminals and the base stations and enables communication between the terminals even when the base stations are unable to communicate during a disaster, etc. Although the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) refers to D2D as a “sidelink,” the more generic term D2D is used herein. However, in the description of embodiments described below, the sidelink is also used as needed.
The D2D communication is broadly classified into: D2D discovery for discovering other terminals capable of communication; and D2D communication (D2D direct communication, direct communication between terminals, etc.) for direct communication between terminals. Hereinafter, when D2D communication and D2D discovery are not specifically distinguished, it is simply called D2D. A signal sent and received by D2D is called a D2D signal. Various use cases of V2X (Vehicle to Everything) services in NR have been discussed (e.g., Non-Patent Document 2).
Improvements in latency performance and reliability are under study for reinforcement of NR sidelink. For example, in one ongoing study, in resource allocation mode 2, in which a terminal selects resources autonomously, when the terminal performs sensing with respect to resources in a sensing window and selects available resource candidates from a resource selection window based on the result of sensing, inter-terminal coordination (or “inter-UE coordination”) is applied to the terminal's resource selection so that the terminal can acquire information that aids its autonomous selection of resources.
Nevertheless, how a terminal should operate if the terminal receives information related to inter-terminal coordination a number of times while inter-terminal coordination is executed is not defined yet.
The present invention has been made in view of the foregoing, and aims to select resources based on information related to inter-terminal coordination in terminal-to-terminal direct communication.
According to the technique disclosed herein, a terminal is provided. This terminal includes: a transmitting part configured to transmit a signal to another terminal; a receiving part configured to receive a plurality of information items from the another terminal, the plurality of information items being related to at least one of a resource set preferred for a transmission or a resource set non-preferred for the transmission in a resource pool; and a control part configured to select a resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, based at least on a part of the plurality of information items.
According to the techniques disclosed herein, during terminal-to-terminal direct communication, resources may be selected based on information related to inter-terminal coordination.
In the following, referring to the drawings, one or more embodiments of the present invention will be described. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are examples. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
In operations of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a conventional technique will be used when it is appropriate. With respect to the above, for example, the conventional techniques are related to, but not limited to, the existing LTE. Further, it is assumed that the term “LTE” used in the present specification has, unless otherwise specifically mentioned, a broad meaning including a scheme of LTE-Advanced and a scheme after LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR), or wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the duplex method may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) method, an FDD (Frequency Division method, or any other method (e.g., Flexible Duplex) Duplex, or the like).
Also, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a radio parameter or the like is “configured,” this may mean that a predetermined value is configured in advance (“pre-configured”), or that a radio parameter or the like is indicated from a base station 10 or a terminal 20 and configured. Also, “more than/greater than or equal to” as used in the following embodiment of the present invention may be interchangeable with “more/greater than,” and likewise “less than or equal to” may be interchangeable with “less than.”
Further, in 3GPP, V2X using LTE/NR's cellular communication and communication between terminals has been discussed. V2X using cellular communication may be referred to as cellular V2X. In NR V2X, discussions have been performed to realize higher system capacity, reduced latency, higher reliability, and QoS (Quality of Service) control.
With respect to LTE V2X or NR V2X, it is assumed that discussions may be not limited to 3GPP specifications in the future. For example, it is assumed to discussed on: how to secure be interoperability; how to reduce cost by implementing higher layers; how to use or how to switch between multiple RATs (Radio Access Technologies); how to handle regulations of each country; how to obtain and distribute data of LTE/NR V2X platform; and how to manage and use databases.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a form of embodiment is mainly assumed in which communication apparatuses are mounted on vehicles. However, an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to such a form. For example, communication apparatuses may be terminals held by people, may be apparatuses mounted on drones or aircrafts, or may be base stations, RSUs, relay stations (relay nodes), terminals capable of scheduling, etc.
It should be noted that SL (Sidelink) may be distinguished from UL (Uplink) or DL (Downlink) based on any one of, or any combination of the following (1) through (4). Furthermore, SL may be referred to as a different name.
Further, with respect to OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) of SL or UL, any of CP-OFDM (Cyclic-Prefix OFDM), DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM), OFDM without Transform precoding, and OFDM with Transform precoding may be applied.
In LTE SL, with respect to allocating SL resources to terminal 20, Mode 3 and Mode 4 are defined. In Mode 3, transmission resources are dynamically allocated using a DCI (Downlink Control Information) that is transmitted from a base station 10 to a terminal 20. Further, in Mode 3, SPS (Semi Persistent Scheduling) is enabled (available). In Mode 4, the terminal 20 autonomously selects transmission resources from a resource pool.
It should be noted that a slot in an embodiment of the present invention may be read as (replaced with) a symbol, a mini slot, a subframe, a radio frame, or a TTI (Transmission Time Interval). Further, a cell in an embodiment of the present invention may be read as (replaced with) a cell group, a carrier component, a BWP (bandwidth part), a resource pool, a resource, a RAT (Radio Access Technology), a system (including a wireless LAN), etc.
Note that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 20 is not limited to a V2X terminal, but may be any type of terminal that performs D2D communication. For example, the terminal 20 may be a terminal carried by a user, such as a smartphone, or an IoT (Internet of Things) device, such as a smart meter.
In addition, it is expected that HARQ (Hybrid automatic repeat request) is supported for unicast and groupcast of sidelink in NR-V2X. In addition, SFCI (Sidelink Feedback Control Information) containing a HARQ response is defined in NR-V2X. In addition, it is being discussed that SFCI is transmitted via PSFCH
Note that, in the following description, it is assumed that PSFCH is used in the transmission of HARQ-ACK on sidelink. However, this is just an example. For example, PSCCH may be used to transmit HARQ-ACK on sidelink, PSSCH may be used to transmit HARQ-ACK on sidelink, or other channels may be used to transmit HARQ-ACK on sidelink.
Hereinafter, for the sake of convenience, the overall information reported by the terminal 20 in the HARQ is referred to as HARQ-ACK. This HARQ-ACK may also be referred to as HARQ-ACK information. Further, more specifically, a codebook applied to the HARQ-ACK information reported from the terminal 20 to the base station 10 or the like is called a HARQ-ACK codebook. The HARQ-ACK codebook defines a bit string (sequence) of the HARQ-ACK information. Note that “HARQ-ACK” sends not only ACK but also NACK.
Hereinafter, when the terminals 20A, 20B, or the like are not particularly distinguished, the term “terminal 20” or “user device” will be used for sake of convenience.
As described above, in an embodiment, the terminal 20 is, for example, a device mounted in a vehicle such as an automobile and has a cellular communication function to function as a UE in LTE or NR and a sidelink function. Terminal 20 may be a conventional portable terminal (such as a smartphone). Further, the terminal 20 may also be an RSU. The RSU may be a UE-type RSU having the function of a UE or a gNB-type RSU having the function of a base station device.
Note that the terminal 20 need not be a single housing device. For example, even when various sensors are arranged and distributed in a vehicle, a device including the various sensors may be a terminal 20.
Further, processing contents of sidelink transmission data of the terminal 20 are basically the same as those of UL transmission in LTE or NR. For example, the terminal 20 scrambles a codeword of the transmission data, modulates to generate complex-valued symbols, and maps the complex-valued symbols to one or two layers, and performs precoding. Further, the precoded complex-valued symbols are mapped to a resource element to generate a transmission signal (e.g., complex-valued time-domain SC-FDMA signal), and the generated signal is transmitted from each antenna port.
It is noted that the base station 10 has a function of cellular communication to function as a base station in LTE or NR and a function of enabling communication of the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention (e.g., resource pool setting, resource allocation, etc.). Further, the base station 10 may also be an RSU (gNB-type RSU).
Further, in the wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a signal waveform used by the terminal 20 for SL or UL may be OFDMA, SC-FDMA, or other signal waveforms.
In step S101, the terminal 20A autonomously selects the resources to be used for PSCCH and PSSCH, from a resource selection window having a predetermined duration. The resource selection window (for example, configuration information related to a window (such as a predetermined duration)) may be configured in the terminal 20 by the base station 10. Here, the predetermined duration of the resource selection window may be specified by a condition of the terminal's implementation such as the processing time or the maximum allowable packet delay time, or may be specified in advance by technical specifications. The predetermined duration may be referred to as a “period in the time domain.” Note that the resource selection window may be a candidate predetermined time period for selecting resources from, or may be non-contiguous time resources that serve as candidates in resource selection. The resource selection window may be referred to by other names as well.
In step S102 and step S103, the terminal 20A transmits, using the resource autonomously selected in step S101, SCI (Sidelink Control Information) via PSCCH and/or PSSCH and transmits SL data via PSSCH. For example, the terminal 20A may transmit the PSCCH using a frequency resource adjacent to the PSSCH frequency resource with the same time resource as at least a portion of the time resource of the PSSCH.
The terminal 20B receives the SCI (PSCCH and/or PSSCH) and the SL data (PSSCH) transmitted from the terminal 20A. The received SCI may include information of a PSFCH resource for the terminal 20B to send HARQ-ACK for reception of the data. The terminal 20A include information of the may autonomously selected resource in the SCI and transmit the included information.
In step S104, the terminal 20B transmits a HARQ-ACK for the received data to the terminal 20A using the PSFCH resource specified by the received SCI.
In step S105, when the HARQ-ACK received in step S104 indicates a request for retransmission, that is, when the HARQ-ACK is a NACK (negative response), the terminal 20A retransmits the PSCCH and the PSSCH to the terminal 20B. The terminal 20A may retransmit the PSCCH and the PSSCH using an autonomously selected resource.
Note that in a case where HARQ control with HARQ feedback is not performed, step S104 and step S105 need not be performed.
In step S201, the terminal 20A autonomously selects a resource to be used for PSCCH and PSSCH from a resource selection window having a predetermined period. The resource selection window may be configured to the terminal 20 by the base station 10.
In step S202 and step S203, the terminal 20A transmits, using the resource autonomously selected in step S201, an SCI via PSCCH and/or PSSCH, and transmits SL data via PSSCH. For example, the terminal 20A may transmit the PSCCH using a frequency resource adjacent to the PSSCH frequency resource with the same time resource as at least a portion of the time resource of the PSSCH.
In step S204, the terminal 20A retransmits, using the resource autonomously selected in step S201, the SCI via PSCCH and/or PSSCH and the SL data via PSSCH to the terminal 20B. The retransmission in step S204 may be performed multiple times.
It is noted that, if the blind retransmission is not performed, step S204 need not be performed.
In step S301, the base station 10 performs SL scheduling by sending DCI (Downlink Control Information) to the terminal 20A via PDCCH. Hereafter, for the sake of convenience, the DCI for SL scheduling is called SL scheduling DCI.
Further, in Step S301, it is assumed that the base station 10 also transmits DCI for DL scheduling (which may be referred to as DL assignment) to the terminal 20A via the PDCCH. Hereafter, for the sake of convenience, the DCI for DL scheduling is called a DL scheduling DCI. The terminal 20A, which has received the DL scheduling DCI, receives DL data via PDSCH using a resource specified by the DL scheduling DCI.
In step S302 and step S303, the terminal 20A transmits, using the resource specified by the SL scheduling DCI, SCI (Sidelink Control Information) via PSCCH and/or PSSCH and transmits SL data via PSSCH. Note that, in the SL scheduling DCI, only a PSSCH resource may be specified. In this case, for example, the terminal 20A transmit the PSCCH using a frequency resource adjacent to the PSSCH frequency resource with the same time resource as at least a portion of the time resource of the PSSCH.
The terminal 20B receives the SCI (PSCCH and/or PSSCH) and the SL data (PSSCH) transmitted from the terminal 20A. The SCI received via the PSCCH and/or PSSCH includes information of a PSFCH resource for the terminal 20B to send a HARQ-ACK for reception of the data.
The information of the resource is included in the DL DCI or scheduling SL scheduling DCI transmitted from the base station 10 in step S301, and the terminal 20A acquires the information of the resource from the DL scheduling DCI or the SL scheduling DCI and includes the acquired information in the SCI. Alternatively, the DCI transmitted from the base station 10 may not include the information of the resource, and the terminal 20A may autonomously include the information of the resource in the SCI and transmit the SCI including the information.
In step S304, the terminal 20B transmits a HARQ-ACK for the received data to the terminal 20A using the PSFCH resource specified by the received SCI.
In step S305, the terminal 20A transmits the HARQ-ACK using, for example, a PUCCH (Physical uplink control channel) specified resource by the DL scheduling DCI (or SL scheduling DCI) at the timing (e.g., slot-by-slot timing) specified by the DL scheduling DCI (or SL scheduling DCI), and the base station 10 receives the HARQ-ACK. The HARQ-ACK codebook may include both HARQ-ACK received from the terminal 20B or HARQ-ACK generated based on PSFCH that is not received, and HARQ-ACK for the DL data. Note, however, the HARQ-ACK for DL data is not included if DL data is not allocated. In NR Rel. 16, the HARQ-ACK codebook does not include HARQ-ACK for DL data.
Note that in a case where HARQ control with HARQ feedback is not performed, step S304 and/or step S305 need not be performed.
In
In a case of groupcast option 2 in which an ACK or NACK is transmitted in a HARQ response in the NR-V2X groupcast, it is necessary to determine resources used for transmitting and receiving PSFCH. As shown in
Further, as shown in
In addition, as illustrated in
In addition, a resource in the resource selection window that s a candidate of resource reservation information corresponding to a resource that is not monitored in the sensing window due to transmission, such as the slot tmSL shown in
In the resource selection window from slots n+T1 to n+T2, as shown in
The lower layer of the terminal 20 may report the SA to the higher layer. The higher layer of the terminal 20 may perform random selection for the SA to determine a resource to be used. The terminal 20 may perform sidelink transmission using the determined resource.
Although an operation of the transmission-side terminal 20 has been described with reference to
In step S504, at the timing of T (r_0)−T3 shown in
In step S505, in a case where the preemption is determined in step S504, the terminal 20 indicates, to the higher layer, the preemption, reselects resources at the higher layer, and ends the preemption check.
Note that, in a case where re-evaluation is performed instead of the preemption check, in step S504, after determining the set SA of resource candidates, in a case where the SA does not include resources of the resource set (r_0, r_1, . . . ), the resource is not used and the resource reselection is performed at the upper layer.
The terminal 20 can detect, for example, that another terminal 20 is performing transmission in one or more sensing targets from subframe ty1-kxPstepSL subframe tyY-kxPstepSL, the length being Y subframes. The k may be determined by a 10-bit bitmap, for example.
Note that k may be configured in a 10-bit bitmap or defined in advance, and Pstep may be 100 ms. However, in a case where SL communication is performed using DL and UL carriers, Pstep may be (U/(D+S+U))*100 ms. U corresponds to the number of UL subframes, D corresponds to the number of DL subframes, and S corresponds to the number of special subframes. In a case where an SCI is detected in the above sensing target and the RSRP exceeds the threshold value, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the resource reservation field of the SCI is removed. Also, in a case where an SCI is detected in the sensing target and the RSRP is less than the threshold value, the resource in the resource selection window corresponding to the resource reservation field of the SCI is not removed. The threshold value may be, for example, a threshold value ThpTX, pRX configured or defined for each resource in the sensing target, based on the transmission-side priority pTX and the reception-side priority pRX.
As shown in
That is, resources that are not removed because the RSRP is less than the threshold value may be increased by raising the threshold value ThpTX, pRX and by performing the resource identification again. In addition, the RSSL of each resource in the SA may be measured and the resource with the lowest RSSL may be added to the set SB. The operation of adding the resource with the lowest RSSL included in the SA to the SB may be repeated until the set SB of resource candidates becomes equal to or greater than 20% of the resource selection window.
The lower layer of the terminal 20 may report the SB to the higher layer. The higher layer of the terminal 20 may perform random selection for the SB to determine a resource to be used. The terminal 20 may perform sidelink transmission using the determined resource. Note that the terminal 20 may use the resource periodically without performing the sensing for a predetermined number of times (e.g., Cresel times) after the resource is once secured.
Here, power saving based on random resource selection and partial sensing is being discussed in NR Release 17 Sidelink. For example, for the sake of power savings, random resource selection and partial sensing of sidelink in LTE release 14 may be applied to resource allocation mode 2 of NR release 16 sidelink. The terminal 20 to which partial sensing is applied performs reception and sensing only in specific slots in the sensing window.
For example, as a resource allocation method in the sidelink, the terminal 20 may perform full sensing as shown in
Note that the method of: performing random selection at the time of resource selection; and using sensing information at the time of reevaluation or preemption checking, may be treated as partial sensing or as random selection.
The following (1) and (2) may be applied as operations in sensing. Note that the sensing and the monitoring may be read interchangeably, and at least one of: measurement of received RSRP; acquisition of reserved resource information; and acquisition of priority information, may be included in the operation.
Operation of determining the sensing slots, based on the reservation periodicity in a mechanism in which sensing is performed only for some slots. Note that the reservation periodicity is a value related to the resource reservation period field. The period may be replaced by the periodicity.
Operation of determining the sensing slots, based on an aperiodic reservation in a mechanism in which sensing is performed only for some slots. Note that the aperiodic reservation is a value related to the time resource assignment field.
In Release 17, operations may be specified assuming 3 types of terminals 20. One type is Type A, where a Type A terminal 20 does not have capability of receiving any sidelink signals and channels. However, exceptions may be made for receiving PSFCH and S-SSB.
Another type is Type B, where a Type B terminal 20 does not have capability of receiving any sidelink signals and channels except for PSFCH and S-SSB reception.
Yet another type is Type D, where a Type D terminal 20 has capability of receiving all sidelink signals and channels as defined in Release 16. However, reception of some sidelink signals and channels is not removed.
It should be noted that UE types other than Type A, Type B, and Type D mentioned above may be assumed, and the UE type and UE capability may or need not be associated with each other.
In addition, in release 17, multiple resource allocation methods may be configured for a resource pool. In addition, SL-DRX (Discontinuous reception) is supported as one of the power saving functions. That is, the reception operation is performed only for a predetermined section.
As described above, partial sensing g is supported as one of the power saving functions. In a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured, the terminal 20 may perform the periodic partial sensing described above. The terminal 20 may receive, from the base station 10, information for configuring a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured and in which periodic reservation is configured to be enabled.
Assuming that tySL is a slot included in the Y candidate slots, sensing may be performed by having ty-k×PreserveSL as a target slot of the periodic partial sensing.
Preserve may correspond to any value included in sl-ResouceReservePeriodList that is configured or predefined. Alternatively, the value of Preserve that is limited to a subset of sl-ResouceReservePeriodList may be configured or predefined. Preserve and sl-ResouceReservePeriodList may be configured for each transmission resource pool of resource allocation mode 2. In addition, as a UE implementation, a period included in sl-ResouceReservePeriodList other than the limited subset, may be monitored. For example, the terminal 20 may additionally monitor an occasion corresponding to P_RSVP_Tx.
Regarding the k value, the terminal 20 may monitor the latest sensing occasion in a certain reservation period before resource selection triggering slot n, or before the first slot among the Y candidate slots to a subject processing time limitation. Also, the terminal 20 may additionally monitor periodic sensing occasions that correspond to a set of one or more k values. For example, the k values may include a value that corresponds to the latest sensing occasion in a certain reservation period before resource selection triggering slot n, or before the first slot among the Y candidate slots subject to the processing time limitation, and a value that corresponds to the sensing occasion immediately before the latest sensing occasion in the certain reservation period.
As described above, partial sensing is supported as one of the power saving functions. In a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured, the terminal 20 may perform the contiguous partial sensing described above. The terminal 20 may receive, from the base station 10, information for configuring a resource pool in which partial sensing is configured and in which aperiodic reservation is configured to be enabled.
The terminal 20 performs sensing in a section [n+TA, n+TB], and selects resources at n+TB or after n+TB (referred to as “n+TC”). Note that the above-mentioned periodic-based partial sensing may additionally be performed here. Note that “TA” and “TB” in the section [n+TA, n+TB] may have any value. Also, “n” may be replaced with the index of a slot among the Y candidate slots.
Also, the symbol “[” may be replaced with the symbol “(,” and the symbol “]” may be replaced with the symbol “).” Note that, for example, a section [a, b] is a section/interval from slot a to slot b, and includes slot a and slot b. For another example, a section (a, b) is a section/interval from slot a to slot b, and does not include slot a and slot b.
Note that although candidate resources that are subject to resource selection will be referred to as “Y candidate slots” here, all the slots in the section [n+T1, n+T2] may be candidate slots, or only part of the slots may be candidate slots.
Also, in NR release 17 sidelink, operations based on inter-terminal coordination (also referred to as “inter-UE are under study. For example, the terminal 20A may share information that represents a resource set with the terminal 20B, and the terminal 20B may take this information into account when selecting transmitting resources.
Also, since sidelink is half-duplex communication, there is a possibility that a resource conflict will occur if both terminals 20 transmit signals.
Inter-terminal coordination is under study as a method of improving reliability and latency performance. For example, an inter-terminal coordination method 1 and an inter-terminal coordination method 2 shown below are being studied. Hereinafter, a terminal 20 that transmits coordination information will be referred to as “UE-A,” and a terminal 20 that receives coordination information will be referred to as “UE-B.”
To allow UE-B to perform a transmission, a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set is transmitted from UE-A to UE-B. Hereinafter, an inter-terminal coordination method 1 will also be referred to as “IUC scheme 1” (Inter-UE Coordination scheme 1).
UE-A receives, from UE-B, an SCI that specifies resources, and UE-A transmits, to UE-B, information that indicates resources where collisions with other transmissions or receptions is predictable and/or have been detected, among the resources specified by the SCI received from UE-B. Hereinafter, inter-terminal coordination method 2 will be also referred to as “IUC scheme 2” (Inter-UE Coordination scheme 2).
In step S601, UE-B transmits a request to UE-A. The condition for UE-B to transmit a request may be, for example, that UE-B has data to be transmitted to UE-A. The condition may also be determined based on UE-B's implementation. The request may include information related to the transport block or data that UE-B plans to transmit. The information may include, for example, at least one of the period in which the transmission is planned, the transmission's cycle as planned, information that indicates the frequency resources reserved for the transmission, the transmission's priority, and so forth.
In the following step S602, UE-A selects a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set to be reported to UE-B.
In the following step S603, UE-A transmits, to UE-B, information including the selected preferred resource set and/or non-preferred resource set.
In the following step S604, UE-B selects or re-selects the resources based on the received information including the preferred resource set and/or non-preferred resource set.
In step S701, an event occurs at UE-A. The event may be, for example, the presence of data in UE-A that is to be transmitted to UE-B. The event may be detected based on UE-A's implementation.
In the following step S702, UE-A selects a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set to be reported to UE-B. Note that, in step S702, UE-A may select a non-preferred resource set alone.
In the following step S703, UE-A transmits, to UE-B, information including the selected preferred resource set and/or non-preferred resource set. Note that, in step S703, UE-A may transmit the non-preferred resource set alone to UE-B.
In the following step S704, UE-B selects or re-selects the resources based on the information received from UE-A, including a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set.
In step S604 or step S704, for example, UE-B may select or re-select the resources based on UE-B's sensing results and based on the information of the non-preferred resource set. The resources for the information of the non-preferred resource set may be precluded from the selection.
In step S604 or step S704, for example, UE-B may select or re-select the resources based on UE-B's sensing results and based on the information of the preferred resource set. Based on a predetermined condition, it is also possible to select or re-select the resources from among the resources not included in the preferred resource set.
In step S604 or step S704, for example, UE-B may select or re-select the resources from the preferred resource set based on the information of the preferred resource set alone.
Note that the operation in which transmission of a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set is requested from another UE, and in which the preferred resource set and/or non-preferred resource set are transmitted according to the request (that is, the above example (1) of inter-UE coordination) may be referred to as “request-based inter-terminal coordination.” On the other hand, the operation in which a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set are transmitted without a request from another UE (that is, the above example (2) of inter-UE coordination) may be referred to as “condition-based inter-terminal coordination.” Note that the operation according to condition-based inter-terminal coordination may be carried out either when a condition is satisfied or when a condition is not satisfied.
NOW, referring back to the inter-terminal coordination method 1 described earlier, how UE-B should operate when it receives information including set and/or a non-preferred a preferred resource resource set from UE-A a number of times as shown in
For example, whether or not a UE should operate the same way when the UE receives a preferred resource set a number of times and when the UE receives a non-preferred resource set a number of times is not specified yet. Whether or not a UE should operate the same way in the event request-based inter-terminal coordination is used and in the event condition-based inter-terminal coordination is used is not specified either. Also, assuming that request-based inter-terminal coordination is employed, how a UE should operate when the UE receives information including a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times in response to a single request for content or for a single transport block is not specified either. Also, assuming that request-based inter-terminal coordination is employed, how a UE should operate when e UE receives information including a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times in response to different requests for content or for different transport blocks is not specified either.
Accordingly, when information related to IUC scheme 1 is received from a single terminal 20 (UE-A) a number of times, the terminal 20 (UE-B) having received the information may perform a predetermined operation based on a predetermined condition, and transmit a transport block to any terminal 20. Note that a transport block may be data. Also, “data” as used herein may refer to, for example, a transport block (TB), a medium access control-protocol data unit (MAC-PDU), a MAC-service data unit (MAC-SDU), or a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) other than MAC-CES supporting information related to IUC scheme 1.
“Information related to IUC scheme 1” may be, for example, information that relates to PSCCH/PSSCH resources, a preferred resource set, or a non-preferred resource set. For example, assuming that information related to IUC scheme 1 is received a number of times, at least a part of the information may be a preferred resource set, or at least a part of the information may be a non-preferred resource set. For example, information that is received in request-based IUC scheme 1 may be “information related to IUC scheme 1,” or information that is received in condition-based IUC scheme 1 may be “information related to IUC scheme 1.” For example, information received via a MAC-CE and information received via an SCI may be both “information related to IUC scheme 1.”
The above-mentioned “predetermined condition” may be any of the following conditions “A1” to “A16.” “Information” as used below refers to information related to IUC scheme 1.
A1: Multiple items of information received are a preferred resource set.
A2: Multiple items of information received are a non-preferred resource set.
A3: Multiple items of information received include a preferred resource set and a non-preferred resource set.
A4: Multiple items of information received are information related to condition-based IUC scheme 1.
A5: Multiple items of information received are information related to request-based IUC scheme 1.
A6: Multiple items of information received include information related to condition-based IUC scheme 1 and information related to request-based IUC scheme 1.
A7: Multiple items of information received include one more information of related to or items transmission of the same transport block.
A8: Multiple items of information received include or items of one more information related to transmission of different transport blocks.
A9: Multiple items of information received include one or more items of information related to the same request for content. For example, this may be the case when a part of the information included in requests for content is the same, or when requests for content are transmitted and the content-requesting part has the same priority among the requests for content.
A10: Multiple items of information received are information related to different requests for content. For example, this may be the case when a part of the information included in requests for content varies, or when requests for content are transmitted and the content-requesting part has varying priorities among the requests for content.
A11: Multiple items of information received are information related to the same or at least partially overlapping time units or time spans.
A12: When information is received via unicast communication.
A13: When information is received via groupcast communication.
A14: When information is received via broadcast communication.
A15: A case in which A1 and A14 above are combined in part or in whole.
A16: A condition other than A1 through A15 above. For example, the condition may be simply that multiple items of information are received.
The above-described operations allow an optimal technique to be applied to every individual case.
The above-mentioned “predetermined operation” may be any of following operations B1 to B4:
B1: Different operations are carried out depending on a condition.
B2: Resource selection is carried out using all of the received information related to IUC scheme 1.
B3: Resource selection is carried out using one or more items of received information related to IUC scheme 1. For example, information that is received earlier may be used, information that is received later may be used, or information that corresponds to the data to be transmitted may be used.
B4: A condition that corresponds to information satisfying the UE processing time requirement may be applied to any of above B1 to B3:
The above-described operation of B2 is expected to maximize the use of information that is available for use, and consequently improve the performance in reliability and latency. The above-described operation of B3 is expected to improve the performance in reliability and latency efficiently, without using information that is not expected to prove effective, or that might even lead to degradation, upon use. The above-described operation of B4 can reduce cost without requiring a UE to have very high processing capabilities.
Any combination of conditions A1 to A16 and operations B1 to B4 above may be executed.
Example 1:
Also, for example, if UE-B receives a non-preferred resource set a number of times in response to one or more requests that pertain to a transmission or a retransmission of a given transport block, UE-B may select resources using all the information received.
Also, for example, if UE-B receives a preferred resource set and a non-preferred resource set in response to one or more requests that pertain to a transmission or a retransmission of a given transport block, UE-B may select resources using only the most recently-received resource set and all the non-preferred resource sets.
The above-described operation of example 1 allows enhancement in the performance in reliability and latency based on respective characteristics of individual resource types. Since a preferred resource set might change to a non-preferred resource set, only the most recently-received information item may be used, and older information items need not be used. A non-preferred resource set is likely to remain non-preferred over time, and therefore the whole information may be used.
Example 2: If UE-B receives a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times in response to multiple requests that pertain to transmissions or retransmissions of different transport blocks, UE-B may select the resources such that each resource is selected using information received in response to the request corresponding to a given transport block to be transmitted. For example, assuming that UE-B transmits, to UE-A, a request for a transmission of data #1 and a request for a transmission of data #2, and receives, from UE-A, a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set in response to each request, UE-B may transmit data #1 using the preferred resource set and/or non-preferred resource set received in response to the request for data #1's transmission.
As in the above-described example 2, resource sets that are preferred and/or non-preferred for transmitting different transport blocks may not be suitable for use depending on transport blocks; a decline in performance in reliability and latency therefore can be avoided by not using such resource sets.
Example 3: In the event UE-B receives multiple items of information based on condition-based IUC scheme 1 or receives multiple items of information via groupcast and/or broadcast, UE-B may select resources based on all of the information received. If only a non-preferred resource set is available for transmission, UE-B may operate the same way as in above-described example 1, SO that the use of information can be maximized.
Example 4: In the event UE-B receives information related to request-based IUC scheme 1 and information related to condition-based IUC scheme 1, UE-B may select resources based only on the information related to request-based IUC scheme 1, or select resources based on all of the information received. This allows UE-B to operate efficiently by using only information that is useful for transmitting the corresponding transport block, or to maximize the use of information.
Note that, if UE-B receives, from UE-A, information related to IUC scheme 1 a number of times, UE-B, the recipient, may perform the specific operations described above, based on the predetermined conditions described above, and transmit a transport block to UE-A, transmit a transport block to destinations including UE-A via groupcast or broadcast communication, or transmit a transport block to a UE or UEs other than UE-A.
The embodiment described above is by no means limited to V2X terminals, and may be applied to terminals that support D2D communication as well.
Operations described in the above embodiment may be executed only in a specific resource pool. For example, they may be executed only in a resource pool that terminals 20 supporting Release 17 or later versions are capable of using.
According to the embodiment described above, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can determine its operation based on the received information and improve its performance in reliability and latency.
In other words, during terminal-to-terminal direct communication, resources can be selected based on information related to inter-terminal coordination.
Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 for performing the processes and operations described above will be described. The base station 10 and terminal 20 include functions for implementing the embodiments described above. It should be noted, however, that each of the base stations 10 and the terminal 20 may include only some of the functions in an embodiment.
The transmitting unit 110 includes a function for generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 side and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 120 a includes function for receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal and acquiring, for example, information of a higher layer from the received signals. Further, the transmitting unit 110 has a function to transmit NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL/UL control signals, DL reference signals, and the like to the terminal 20.
The configuration unit 130 stores preset configuration information and various configuration information items to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage apparatus and reads the preset configuration information from the storage apparatus as necessary. Contents of the configuration information are, for example, information related to configuration of D2D communication, etc.
As described in an embodiment, the control unit 140 performs processing related to the configuration in which the terminal 20 performs D2D communication. Further, the control unit 140 transmits scheduling of D2D communication and DL communication to the terminal 20 through the transmitting unit 110. Further, the control unit 140 receives information related to the HARQ response of the D2D communication and the DL communication from the terminal 20 via the receiving unit 120. The functional units related to signal transmission in the control unit 140 may be included in the transmitting unit 110, and the functional units related to signal reception in the control unit 140 may be included in the receiving unit 120.
The transmitting unit 210 generates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiving unit 220 receives various signals wirelessly and obtains upper layer signals from the received physical layer signals. Further, the receiving unit 220 has a function for receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL/UL/SL control signals, or reference signals transmitted from the base station 10. Further, for example, with respect to the D2D communications, the transmitting unit 210 transmits, to another terminal (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), PSSCH 20, PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), etc., and the receiving unit 220 receives, from the another terminal 20, PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH.
The configuration unit 230 stores various configuration information received from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 by the receiving unit 220 in the storage apparatus and reads them from the storage apparatus as necessary. In addition, the configuration unit 230 also stores pre-configured configuration information. Contents of the configuration information are, for example, information related to configuration of D2D communication, etc.
The control unit 240 controls D2D communication for establishing RRC connection with another terminal 20 as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Further, the control unit 240 performs processing related to the power-saving operation. Further, the control unit 240 performs HARQ related processing of the D2D communication and DL communication. Further, the control unit 240 transmits, to the base station 10, information related to the HARQ response of the D2D communication to the other terminal and the DL communication scheduled by the base station 10. Further, the control unit 240 may perform scheduling of D2D communication for another terminal 20. In addition, the control unit 240 may autonomously select a resource to be used for D2D communication from the resource selection window, based on the sensing result, or may perform reevaluation or preemption. Further, the control unit 240 performs processing related to power saving in transmission and reception of D2D communications. In addition, the control unit 240 performs processing related to inter-terminal coordination in D2D communication. The functional units related to signal transmission in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmitting unit 210, and the functional units related to signal reception in the control unit 240 may be included in the receiving unit 220.
In the above block diagrams used for describing an embodiment of the present invention (
For example, the base station 10, terminal 20, etc., according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer for processing the radio communication method of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the descriptions below, the term “apparatus” can be read as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware structures of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the devices illustrated in the figure, or may be configured without including some of the devices.
Each function in the base station 10 and terminal 20 is realized by having the processor 1001 perform an operation by reading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, and by controlling communication by the communication device 1004 and controlling at least one of reading and writing of data in the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.
The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, controlling the operating system. The processor 1001 may include a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a control a peripheral apparatus, a apparatus, calculation apparatus, a register, etc. For example, the above-described control unit 140, control unit 240, and the like, may be implemented by the processor 1001.
Further, the processor 1001 reads out onto the storage device 1002 a program (program code), a software module, or data from the auxiliary storage device 1003 and/or the communication device 1004, and performs various processes according to the program, the software module, or the data. As the program, a program is used that causes the computer to perform at least a part of operations according to an embodiment of the present invention described above. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 illustrated in
The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may include at least one of a ROM (Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 is capable of storing programs (program codes), software modules, or the like, that are executable for performing communication processes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may include at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto optical disk (e.g., compact disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., card, stick, key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above recording medium may be a database including the storage device 1002 and/or the auxiliary storage device 1003, a server, or any other appropriate medium.
The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission or reception device) for communicating with computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and may be referred to as a network device, controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may comprise a high frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, or the like, for example, to implement at least one of a frequency division duplex (FDD) and a time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting/receiving antenna, the amplifier unit, the transmitting/receiving unit, the transmission line interface, and the like, may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting/receiving unit may be physically for logically divided into a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.
The input device 1005 is an input device that receives an external input (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs something to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp). It should be noted that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into a single device (e.g., touch panel).
Further, the apparatuses including the processor 1001, the storage device 1002, etc., are connected to each other via the bus 1007 used for communicating information. The bus 1007 may include a single bus, or may include different buses between the apparatuses.
Further, each of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), etc., and a part or all of each functional block may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented by at least one of the above hardware elements.
The drive unit 2002 may include, for example, an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.
The electronic control unit 2010 includes a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. The electronic control unit 2010 receives signals from the various sensors 2021-2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may be referred to as an ECU (Electronic control unit).
The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 which senses the current of the motor, a front or rear wheel rotation signal acquired by a revolution sensor 2022, a front or rear wheel pneumatic signal acquired by a pneumatic sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 2025, a stepped-on accelerator pedal signal acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a stepped-on brake pedal signal acquired by a brake pedal sensor 2026, an operation signal of a shift lever acquired by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal, acquired by an object detection sensor 2028, for detecting an obstacle, a vehicle, a pedestrian, and the like.
The information service unit 2012 includes various devices for providing various kinds of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, an audio system, a speaker, a television, and a radio, and one or more ECUs controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information obtained from the external device through the communication module 2013 or the like.
A driving support system unit 2030 includes: various devices for providing functions of preventing accidents and reducing driver's operating loads such as a millimeter wave radar, a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high definition (HD) map, autonomous vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chip, an AI processor; and one or more ECUs controlling these devices. In addition, the driving support system unit 2030 transmits and receives various types of information via the communication module 2013 to realize a driving support function or an autonomous driving function.
The communication module 2013 may communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via a communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via a communication port 2033, to and from the drive unit 2002, the steering unit 2003, the accelerator pedal 2004, the brake pedal 2005, the shift lever 2006, the front wheel 2007, the rear wheel 2008, the axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and the memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021-29 provided in the vehicle 2001.
The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and that is capable of communicating with external devices. For example, various kinds of information are transmitted to and received from external devices through radio communication. The communication module 2013 may be internal to or external to the electronic control unit 2010. The external devices may include, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.
The communication module 2013 transmits a current signal, which is input to the electronic control unit 2010 from the current sensor, to the external devices through radio communication. In addition, the communication module 2013 also transmits, to the external devices through radio communication, the front or rear wheel rotation signal acquired by the revolution sensor 2022, the front or rear wheel pneumatic signal acquired by the pneumatic sensor 2023, the vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed sensor 2024, the acceleration signal acquired by the acceleration sensor 2025, the stepped-on accelerator pedal signal acquired by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, the stepped-on brake pedal signal acquired by the brake pedal sensor 2026, the operation signal of the shift lever acquired by the shift lever sensor 2027, and the detection signal, acquired by the object detection sensor 2028, for detecting an obstacle, a vehicle, a pedestrian, and the like, that are input to the electronic control unit 2010.
The communication module 2013 receives (traffic information, various types of information signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from the external devices and displays the received information on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. In addition, the communication module 2013 stores the various types of information received from the external devices in the memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, the steering unit 2003, the accelerator pedal 2004, the brake pedal 2005, the shift lever 2006, the front wheel 2007, the rear wheel 2008, the axle 2009, the sensors 2021-2029, etc., mounted in vehicle 2001.
As describe above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a terminal is provided. This terminal includes: a transmitting part configured to transmit a signal to another terminal; a receiving part configured to receive a plurality of information items from the another terminal, the plurality of information items being related to at least one of a resource set preferred for a transmission or a resource set non-preferred for the transmission in a resource pool; and a control part configured to select a resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, based at least on a part of the plurality of information items.
Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency. In other words, during terminal-to-terminal direct communication, resources can be selected based on information related to inter-terminal coordination.
When all of the plurality of information i items are the preferred resource set, the control part may select the resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, based on an information item received most recently. Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency.
When all of the plurality of information items are the non-preferred resource set, the control part may select the resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, based on all of the plurality of information items received. Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency.
When the transmitting part transmits a plurality of information-requesting signals to the another terminal, the control part may select the resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, using an information item received in response to one of the plurality of information-requesting signals that corresponds to a transport block to be transmitted. Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency.
When the plurality of information items received at the receiving part from the another terminal include an information item that corresponds to none of a plurality of information-requesting signals and an information item that corresponds to one of the plurality of information-requesting signals, the control part may select the resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, using only the information item that corresponds to the one of the plurality of information-requesting signals. Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency.
Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a communication method is provided. This communication method includes: a transmission step of transmitting a signal to another terminal; a receiving step of receiving a plurality of information items from the another terminal, the plurality of information items being related to at least one of a resource set preferred for a transmission or a resource set non-preferred for the transmission in a resource pool; and a control step of selecting a resource for the transmission, from the resource pool, based at least on a part of the plurality of information items.
Structured thus, when a terminal 20 receives information related to a preferred resource set and/or a non-preferred resource set a number of times during an operation based on inter-terminal coordination, the terminal 20 can select its operation based on the information received, thereby improving its performance in reliability and latency. In other words, during terminal-to-terminal direct communication, resources can be selected based on information related to inter-terminal coordination.
As described above, one or more embodiments have been described. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. A person skilled in the art should understand that there are various modifications, variations, alternatives, replacements, etc., of the embodiments. In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, specific values have been used in the description. However, unless otherwise specified, those values are merely examples and other appropriate values may be used. The division of the described items may not be essential to the present invention. The things that have been described in two or more items may be used in a combination if necessary, and the thing that has been described in one item may be appropriately applied to another item (as long as there is no contradiction). Boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagrams do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. Operations of multiple functional units may be physically performed by a single part, or an operation of a single functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. The order of sequences and flowcharts described in an embodiment of the present invention may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For the sake of description convenience, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 have been described by using functional block diagrams. However, the apparatuses may be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The software executed by a processor included in the base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software executed by a processor included in the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an EPROM, an EEPROM, a register, a hard disk (HDD), a removable disk, a CD-ROM, a database, a server, or any other appropriate recording medium.
Further, information indication may be performed not only by methods described in an aspect/embodiment of the present specification but also a method other than described those in an aspect/embodiment of the present specification. For example, the information indication may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) MAC signaling, (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block))), other signals, or combinations thereof. Further, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message. The RRC signaling may be, for example, an RRC connection setup message, an RRC connection reconfiguration message, or the like.
Each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer, decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), Broadband), IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate systems, and a next generation system enhanced, modified, developed, or defined therefrom. Further, multiple systems may also be applied in combination (e.g., at least one of LTE and LTE-A combined with 5G, etc.).
The order of processing steps, sequences, flowcharts or the like of an aspect/embodiment described in the present specification may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For example, in a method described in the present specification, elements of various steps are presented in an exemplary order. The order is not limited to the presented specific order.
The particular operations, that are supposed to be performed by the base station 10 in the present specification, may be performed by an upper node in some cases. In a network including one or more network nodes including the base station 10, it is apparent that various operations performed for communicating with the terminal 20 may be performed by the base station 10 and/or another network node other than the base station 10 (for example, but not limited to, MME or S-GW). According to the above, a case is described in which there is a single network node other than the base station 10. However, a combination of multiple other network nodes may be considered (e.g., MME and S-GW).
The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). The information or signals may be input or output through multiple network nodes.
The input or output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using management tables. The input or output information may be overwritten, updated, or added. The information that has been output may be deleted. The information that has been input may be transmitted to another apparatus.
A decision or a determination an in embodiment of the present invention may be realized by a value (0 or 1) represented by one bit, by a boolean value (true or false), or by comparison of numerical values (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).
Software should be broadly interpreted to mean, whether referred to as software, firmware, middle-ware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, executable threads, procedures, functions, and the like.
Further, software, instructions, information, and the like may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, in the case where software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired line technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired line technologies and wireless technologies is included within the definition of the transmission medium.
Information, a signal, or the like, described in the present specification may be represented by using any one of various different technologies. For example, data, an instruction, a command, information, a signal, a bit, a symbol, a chip, or the like, described throughout the present application, may be represented by a voltage, an electric current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields, a magnetic particle, optical fields, a photon, or a combination thereof.
It should be noted that a term used in the present specification and/or a term required for understanding of the present specification may be replaced by a term having the same or similar meaning. For example, a channel and/or a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Further, a signal may be a message. Further, the component carrier (CC) may be referred to as a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, or the like.
As used in the present disclosure, the terms “system” and “network” are used interchangeably.
Further, the information, parameters, and the like, described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values from predetermined values, or they may be expressed using corresponding different information. For example, a radio resource may be what is indicated by an index.
The names used for the parameters described above are not used as limitations. Further, the mathematical equations using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Because the various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not used as limitations.
In the present disclosure, the terms “BS: Base Station,” “Radio Base Station,” “Base Station,” “Fixed Station,” “NodeB,” “eNodeB (eNB),” “gNodeB (gNB),” “Access Point,” “Transmission Point,” “Reception Point,” “Transmission/Reception Point,” “Cell,” “Sector,” “Cell Group,” “Carrier,” “Component Carrier,” and the like, may be used interchangeably. The base station may be referred to as a macro-cell, a small cell, a femtocell, a picocell and the like.
The base station may accommodate (provide) one or more (e.g., three) cells. In the case where the base station accommodates a plurality of cells, the entire coverage area of the base station may be divided into a plurality of smaller areas, each smaller area may provide communication services by means of a base station subsystem (e.g., an indoor small base station or a remote Radio Head (RRH)). The term “cell” or “sector” refers to a part or all of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and base station subsystem that provides communication services at the coverage.
In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS),” “user terminal,” “user equipment (UE),” “terminal,” and the like, may be used interchangeably.
There is a case in which the mobile station may be referred to, by a person skilled in the art, as a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other appropriate terms.
At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmission apparatus, reception apparatus, communication apparatus, or the like. The at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on the mobile station, the mobile station itself, or the like. The mobile station may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an automated vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may include an apparatus that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.
Further, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as the user terminal. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communications between the base station and the user terminal are replaced by communications between multiple terminals 20 (e.g., may be referred to as D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the function of the base station 10 described above may be provided by the terminal 20. Further, the phrases “up” and “down” may also be replaced by the phrases corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., “side”). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, or the like, may be read as a sidelink channel.
Further, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as the base station. In this case, the function of the user terminal described above may be provided by the base station.
The term “determining” used in the present specification may include various actions or operations. The terms “determination” and “decision” may include “determination” and “decision” made with judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (looking up, search, inquiry) (e.g., search in a table, a database, or another data structure), or ascertaining. Further, the “determining” may include “determining” made with receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory). Further, the “determining” may include a case in which “resolving,” “selecting,” “choosing,” “establishing,” “comparing,” or the like is deemed as “determining.” In other words, the “determining” may include a case in which a certain action or operation is deemed as Further, “decision” may be read as “determining.” “assuming,” “expecting,” or “considering,” etc.
The term “connected” or “coupled” or any variation thereof means any direct or indirect connection or connection between two or more elements and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between the two elements “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be read as “access.” As used in the present disclosure, the two elements may be thought of as being “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of the one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections and, as a number of non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency region, the microwave region, and the light (both visible and invisible) region.
The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS or may be referred to as a pilot, depending on the applied standards.
The description “based on” used in the present specification does not mean “based on only” unless otherwise specifically noted. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based on only” and “based on at least.”
Any reference to an element using terms such as “first” or “second” as used in the present disclosure does not generally limit the amount or the order of those elements. These terms may be used in the present disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.
“Means” included in the configuration of each of the above apparatuses may be replaced by “parts,” “circuits,” “devices,” etc.
In the case where the terms “include,” “including” and variations thereof are used in the present disclosure, these terms are intended to be comprehensive in the same way as the term “comprising.” Further, the term “or” used in the present specification is not intended to be an “exclusive or.”
A radio frame may include one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be referred to as a subframe. The subframe may further include one or more slots in the time domain. The subframe may be a fixed length of time (e.g., 1 ms) independent from the numerology.
The numerology may be a communication parameter that is applied to at least one of the transmission or reception of a signal or channel. The numerology may indicate at least one of, for example, SubCarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain.
The slot may include one or more symbols in the time domain, such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, and the like. The slot may be a time unit based on the numerology.
The slot may include a plurality of mini slots. Each mini slot may include one or more symbols in the time domain. Further, the mini slot may be referred to as a sub-slot. The mini slot may include fewer symbols than the slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units greater than a mini slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.
A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. Different terms may be used for referring to a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot and a symbol, respectively.
For example, one subframe may be referred to as transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, and one slot or one mini slot may be referred to as a TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in an existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. It should be noted that the unit representing the TTI may be referred to as a slot, a mini slot, or the like, rather than a subframe.
The TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communications. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each terminal 20 to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used in each terminal 20) in TTI units. The definition of TTI is not limited to the above.
The TTI may be a transmission time unit, such as a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), code block, codeword, or the like, or may be a processing unit, such as scheduling or link adaptation. It should be noted that, when a TTI is provided, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) during which the transport block, code block, codeword, or the like, is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.
It should be noted that, when one slot or one mini slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini slots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Further, the number of slots (the number of mini slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.
A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a normal TTI (a TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, and the like. A TTI that is shorter than the normal TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a subslot, a slot, or the like.
It should be noted that the long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.,) may be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and the short TTI (e.g., shortened TTI, etc.,) may be replaced with a TTI having a TTI length less than the TTI length of the long TTI and a TTI length greater than 1 ms.
A resource block (RB) is a time domain and frequency domain resource allocation unit and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same, regardless of the numerology, and may be 12, for example. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined on the basis of numerology.
Further, the time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols, which may be 1 slot, 1 mini slot, 1 subframe, or 1 TTI in length. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each include one or more resource blocks.
It should be noted that one or more RBs may be referred to as physical resource blocks (PRBs, Physical RBs), sub-carrier groups (SCGs), resource element groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, and the like.
Further, a resource block may include one or more resource elements (RE). For example, 1 RE may be a radio resource area of one sub-carrier and one symbol.
The bandwidth part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, etc.) may represent a subset of consecutive common RBs (common resource blocks) for a given numerology in a carrier. Here, a common RB may be identified by an index of RB relative to the common reference point of the carrier. A PRB may be defined in a BWP and may be numbered within the BWP.
BWP may include BWP for UL (UL BWP) and BWP for DL (DL BWP). For a terminal 20, one or more BWPs may be configured in one carrier.
At least one of the configured BWPs may be activated, and the terminal 20 may assume that the terminal 20 will not transmit and receive signals/channels outside the activated BWP. It should be noted that the terms “cell” and “carrier” in this disclosure may be replaced by “BWP.”
Structures of a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot, and a symbol described above are exemplary only. For example, the number of subframes included a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or mini slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and the like, may be changed in various ways.
In the present disclosure, where an article is added by translation, for example “a,” “an,” and “the,” the disclosure may include that the noun following these articles is plural.
In this disclosure, the term “A and B are different” may mean “A and B are different from each other.” It should be noted that the term “A and B are different” may mean “A and B are different from C.” Terms such as “combined” be “separated” or may interpreted in the same way as the above-described “different.”
Each aspect/embodiment described in the present specification may be used independently, may be used in combination, or may be used by switching according to operations. Further, notification (transmission/reporting) of predetermined information (e.g., notification (transmission/reporting) of “X”) is not limited to an explicit notification (transmission/reporting), and may be performed by an implicit notification (transmission/reporting) (e.g., by not performing notification (transmission/reporting) of the predetermined information).
As described above, the present invention has been described in detail. It is apparent to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to one or more embodiments of the present invention described in the present specification. Modifications, alternatives, replacements, etc., of the present invention may be possible without departing from the subject matter and the scope of the present invention defined by the descriptions of claims. Therefore, the descriptions of the present specification are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to be limitations to the present invention.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/006796 | 2/18/2022 | WO |
