Patent Application
20250088331
The present invention relates to a terminal, a base station and a communication method in a wireless communication system.
Regarding NR (New Radio) (also referred to as “5G”), or a successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies have been discussed which satisfy the following requirements: a high capacity system, high data transmission rate, low delay, simultaneous connection of multiple terminals, low cost, power saving, etc. (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
In addition, in NR, another duplex method is being discussed in which advantages of FDD and TDD are both enabled and the disadvantages are reduced. Specifically, a duplex method such as XDD (Cross Division Duplex), FD (Full Duplex), or the like, is being discussed.
In the NR release 18 and 6G that is a successor system of NR, there is a possibility of discussions on the duplex method. For example, several configurations of the duplex methods can be considered depending on the frequency resource allocation and on presence or absence of support of the duplex methods by a base station and a terminal. However, there is a problem of operations of a base station and a terminal corresponding to the duplex methods being unclear.
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to clarify operations of a base station and a terminal corresponding to the duplex methods.
According to the disclosed technique, a terminal is provided. The terminal includes: a transmission unit configured to transmit, in uplink, a reference signal for positioning measurement; and a control unit configured to assume that resources of the reference signal for positioning measurement are to be non-contiguously allocated.
According to the disclosed technique, a technique is provided that clarifies operations of a base station and a terminal corresponding to the duplex methods.
In the following, referring to the drawings, one or more embodiments of the present invention will be described. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are examples. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
In operations of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a conventional technique will be used when it is appropriate. With respect to the above, for example, the conventional techniques are related to, but not limited to, the existing LTE. Further, it is assumed that the term “LTE” used in the present specification has, unless otherwise specifically mentioned, a broad meaning including a scheme of LTE-Advanced and a scheme after LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR).
Furthermore, in one or more embodiments described below, terms that are used in the existing LTE are used, such as SS (Synchronization signal), PSS (Primary SS), SSS (Secondary SS), PBCH (Physical broadcast channel), PRACH (Physical random access channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), etc. The above-described terms are used for the sake of description convenience. Signals, functions, etc., which are similar to the above-described terms, may be referred to as different names. Further, terms, which are used in NR and correspond to the above-described terms, are NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even when a signal is used for NR, there may be a case in which the signal is not referred to as “NR-”.
In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the duplex method may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) method, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) method, or any other method (e.g., Flexible Duplex, or the like).
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the expression, radio (wireless) parameters are “configured (set)” may mean that a predetermined value is pre-configured, or may mean that a radio parameter indicated by a base station 10 or a terminal 20 is configured.
The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the terminal 20. Physical resources of radio signals may be defined in the time domain and the frequency domain, the time domain may be defined by the number of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of sub-carriers or resource blocks. Further, a TTI (Transmission Time Interval) in the time domain may be a slot, or the TTI may be a subframe.
The base station 10 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the terminal 20. The synchronization signal is, for example, an NR-PSS and an NR-SSS. The system information is transmitted via, for example, a NR-PBCH, and may be referred to as broadcast information. The synchronization signal and the system information may be referred to as an SSB (SS/PBCH block). As shown in
The terminal 20 may be a communication apparatus that includes a wireless communication function such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal, a communication module for M2M (Machine-to-Machine), or the like. As shown in
Next, duplex methods will be described. In LTE, the frequency division duplex (FDD) is mainly implemented and the time division duplex (TDD) is also supported.
In NR, TDD is mainly discussed and FDD is also supported. As an example, the LTE band migration can be listed.
Regarding the FDD, the downlink and uplink simultaneous transmission can be listed as an advantage. According to the above operation, the communication delay can be reduced. However, the resource ratio between the downlink and uplink cannot be flexibly changed, and the resource ration is fixed to one to one, for example.
Regarding the TDD, the resource amount of downlink or uplink can be easily changed, which is listed as an advantage. In the typical environment in which there is a larger amount of downlink communication, the downlink throughput can be improved by increasing the downlink resources. However, there is a possibility of degraded delay performance and degraded uplink coverage due to the small amount of uplink time resources.
Therefore, in NR, another duplex method is being discussed in which advantages of FDD and TDD are both enabled and the disadvantages are reduced. Specifically, a duplex method such as XDD (Cross Division Duplex), FD (Full Duplex), or the like, is being discussed.
The XDD is a duplex method in which transmission and reception are simultaneously performed by one of or both of a base station and a terminal by using resources of the same time and different frequencies.
The FD is a duplex method in which transmission and reception are simultaneously performed by one of or both of a base station and a terminal by using the same frequency and time resources.
There is a possibility that the duplex methods of XDD and FD will be discussed in the NR release 18 and 6G. For example, several configurations of the following duplex methods can be considered depending on the frequency resource allocation and on presence or absence of support of the duplex methods by a base station and a terminal.
For example, as illustrated in
In the option A-1, information indicating communication directions of time resources and frequency resources is configured for each base station. The duplex method of the option A-1 is different from FDD in that the downlink only communication and the uplink only communication are available and in that the gap distance between bands is different from that of FDD.
For example, as illustrated in
In the option A-2, information indicating communication directions of time resources and frequency resources is configured for each base station and for each terminal. With respect to the above, it is necessary to clarify an operation in a case where a downlink communication collides with a downlink communication in a terminal.
For example, as illustrated in
In the option B-1, information indicating communication directions of time resources and frequency resources is configured for each base station. Specifically, information that indicates communication directions of time resources and frequency resources as a pattern is configured based on the terminal limitations.
For example, as illustrated in
In the option B-2, information indicating communication directions of time resources and frequency resources is configured for each base station and for each terminal. In this case, there is no impact on the technical specifications in a case where any channel or signal can be transmitted. However, there is an impact on the technical specifications if the signal transmission method is to be changed, for example, the beam or power is to be changed at the time of collision.
In addition, in NR, a function of dynamic switching between downlink and uplink (hereinafter, also referred to as dynamic DL-UL switching) is being discussed.
In a conventional case of continuously transmitting downlink or uplink signals for positioning measurement during a predetermined time in order to perform positioning measurement with high accuracy, the relationship with the duplex method has not been specified. For example, there is a possibility that the signals cannot be continuously transmitted during a predetermined time due to the duplex method configuration (hereinafter, also referred to as XDD configuration, and the XDD configuration may include an FD configuration) or due to the dynamic DL-UL switching.
In addition, in the NR release 16/17, the number of combinations, the symbol length, the start position, and the like, may be configured by RRC. However, the UL-PRSs (Positioning Reference Signal) are allocated to contiguous symbols, and thus, the flexible configuration of the dynamic DL-UL switching cannot be supported, which is a problem.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problem of the conventional technique, an example will be described in which the relationship between the duplex method and the positioning measurement is clarified. Hereinafter, embodiments from an embodiment 1 to an embodiment 3 will be described as specific embodiments of the present invention.
The terminal 20 may report the terminal capability related to the positioning measurement used for the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching to the base station 10.
Subsequently, the base station 10 transmits reference signals for positioning measurement (DL-PRS) to the terminal 20 (step S13). The terminal 20 performs positioning measurement based on the reference signals and transmits report information of the positioning measurement to the base station 10 (step S14).
Subsequently, the terminal 20 transmits reference signals for positioning measurement (UL-PRS) to the base station 10 (step S23). The base station 10 (or a network node connected to the base station 10, etc.,) measures the position of the terminal 20 based on the reference signals.
The terminal capability information may be information that is supported by NR release 16/17, and may be, for example, a PRS processing capability, a PRS resource capability, a TEG capability, a LOS (Line-of-Sight)/NLOS (Non-Line-of-Sight) detection capability, or the like.
The terminal capability information may be information indicating whether or not a requesting function related to the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching is supported. For example, the terminal capability information may be information indicating whether or not to support a function of transmitting a request message via RRC, a function of transmitting a request message via MAC-CE, a function of transmitting a request message via L1 signaling, or a function of transmitting a request message via LLP.
The terminal capability information may be information indicating whether or not to support transmission or reception of PRSs using the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching.
The terminal capability information may be information indicating a parameter of the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching that is capable of transmitting or receiving PRSs. For example, the terminal capability information may be information indicating the frequency band for supporting the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching, and may be the frequency band of FR1 alone, the frequency band of FR2 alone, or the frequency band of both FR1 and FR2. In addition, the terminal capability information may be, for example, the granularity of the time or frequency resources, the maximum multiplexing number of downlink and uplink per CC, or the minimum number of PRBs.
The terminal capability information may be information indicating the resource granularity used for dropping a low priority channel or signal in a case where the dynamic DL-UL switching is assumed to be performed by the terminal 20 at the timing of reception of downlink PRSs or transmission of uplink PRSs. For example, the terminal capability information may be a PRS resource set unit, a PRS resource unit, a symbol unit, a slot unit, or a subframe unit.
The terminal 20 may report the terminal capability information for each of the positioning methods (for example, TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival), M-RTT (Round-Trip Time), or the like).
According to an embodiment of the present invention. PRSs can be appropriately configured in accordance with the terminal capability for a case in which the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching is used.
In this embodiment, an example will be described in which the terminal 20 transmits request information related to the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching.
Here, the terminal 20 may transmit the request information to the base station 10 by using, for example, RRC, MAC-CE, or UCI.
The base station 10 transmits control information related to positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S32). Subsequently, the base station 10 transmits reference signals for positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S33). Resources of the reference signals transmitted in this step S33 are scheduled by using the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching based on the request information transmitted in step S31. Subsequently, the terminal 20 transmits report information of the positioning measurement to the base station 10 (step S34).
The LMF 11 transmits request information related to the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching to the base station 10 (step S41). The base station 10 transmits control information related to positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S42).
Subsequently, the base station 10 transmits reference signals for positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S43). Resources of the reference signals transmitted in this step S43 are scheduled by using the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching based on the request information transmitted in step S41. Subsequently, the terminal 20 transmits report information of the positioning measurement to the base station 10 (step S44).
Here, the terminal 20 may transmit the request information by using, for example, LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol). In this case, the base station 10 only relays information transmitted using LPP. Accordingly, the LMF 11 transmits the request information related to the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching to the base station 10 (step S52). The base station 10 transmits control information related to positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S53).
Subsequently, the base station 10 transmits reference signals for positioning measurement to the terminal 20 (step S54). Resources of the reference signals transmitted in this step S54 are scheduled by using the duplex method or the dynamic DL-UL switching based on the request information transmitted in step S51. Subsequently, the terminal 20 transmits report information of the positioning measurement to the base station 10 (step S55).
The request information may include, for example, information indicating enabling/disabling of the XDD configuration or the dynamic DL-UL switching. In addition, the request information may include, for example, information indicating the XDD configuration pattern or an index of the pattern. In addition, the request information may include information indicating the number of contiguous symbols, the number of PRBs, or the periodicity for each of the DL-PRS or UL-PRS slots.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 20 or the LMF 11 requests the base station 10 to provide DL-PRS or UL-PRS resources according to the positioning measurement situation, thereby preventing the positioning measurement accuracy from being lowered.
In this embodiment, an example will be described in which the terminal 20 assumes that non-contiguous UL-PRS resources are to be allocated.
The terminal 20 may assume that a pattern of allocating non-contiguous resources is to be specified in the technical specification.
The terminal 20 may assume that the following parameters are to be indicated in addition to the UL-PRS parameters specified in the NR release 16 or 17.
For example, the terminal 20 may assume that the second position (the third position, the fourth position, . . . ) and the set length are to be indicated as the parameters.
The second position is information indicating the second set of the symbol positions in a case where there are two or more sets of positions of UL-PRSs in the time direction in one slot. Similarly, the third position, the fourth position, . . . , are information items indicating the third set, the fourth set, . . . , of the symbol positions in a case where there are three or more sets of positions of UL-PRSs in the time direction in one slot.
The set length is information indicating the symbol length of each set in the time direction. It is to be noted that each set is a resource group of UL-PRSs that are contiguously allocated in the time direction.
The terminal 20 may assume that the interval length and the set length are to be indicated as parameters. The interval length is a symbol length indicating an interval in the time direction between sets in a case where there are two or more sets of positions of UL-PRSs in the time direction in one slot.
The same allocation pattern indicated by different parameters is illustrated in
The same allocation pattern indicated by different parameters is illustrated in
It is to be noted that a plurality of the above-described interval lengths may be indicated. Specifically, in a case where there are N sets of positions of UL-PRSs in the time direction in one slot, the terminal 20 may assume that N−1 interval lengths (first interval length, second interval length, . . . , the (N−1)-th interval length) and the set length are to be indicated.
The terminal 20 may assume that the muting option is to be indicated in addition to the UL-PRS parameters specified in the NR release 16 or 17. The muting option of UL-PRS may be the same as the muting option of DL-PRS that is specified in the NR release 16 or 17.
For example, the terminal 20 may assume that the muting position of UL-PRS is to be indicated. The muting position is a position in the time direction at which a UL-PRS is to be muted.
In addition, the terminal 20 may assume that the muting PRBs of UL-PRS are to be indicated. The muting PRBs are physical resource blocks in which UL-PRS is muted. The muting PRBs may be a plurality of PRBs that are configured to be muted as a muting pattern. With respect to the muting pattern, the SRS-Pos resource allocation that is specified in the NR release 16/17 may be reused.
In addition, the terminal 20 may assume that a plurality of muting patterns are configured by RRC, and one of the options is to be activated by MAC-CE or indicated by DCI.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, it becomes possible to transmit UL-PRSs while avoiding the downlink resources at the symbol level.
In an embodiment of the present invention described above. “dynamic DL-UL switching” may be replaced with “symbol switching”, “symbol level switching”, “symbol format indication”, or the like.
In addition, “non-contiguous resource allocation” may be replaced with “extended resource allocation”, or the like.
In addition. “UL-PRS” may be replaced with “SRS for positioning measurement (SRS-pos)”, or the like.
Next, a functional configuration example of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 for performing the processes and operations described above will be described.
The transmission unit 110 includes a function for generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 side and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The reception unit 120 includes a function for receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and acquiring, for example, information of a higher layer from the received signals. Further, the transmission unit 110 has a function to transmit NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL/UL control signals, DCI via PDCCH, data via PDSCH, and the like, to the terminal 20.
The configuration unit 130 stores preset configuration information and various configuration information items to be transmitted to the terminal 20 in a storage device included in the setting unit 130 and reads the preset configuration information from the storage apparatus if necessary.
The control unit 140 performs scheduling of the terminal 20 for DL reception or UL transmission, via the transmission unit 110. In addition, the control unit 140 includes a function of performing LBT. The functional units related to signal transmission in the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and the functional units related to signal reception in the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120. Further, the transmission unit 110 may be referred to as a transmitter, and the reception unit 120 may be referred to as a receiver.
The transmission unit 210 generates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The reception unit 220 receives various signals wirelessly and obtains upper layer signals from the received physical layer signals. In addition, the reception unit 220 has a function of receiving NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL/UL/SL control signals, DCI via PDCCH, data via PDSCH, etc., transmitted from the base station 10. In addition, for example, with respect to the D2D communications, the transmission unit 210 may transmit, to another terminal 20, PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), etc., and the reception unit 120 may receive, from the another terminal 20, PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH.
The configuration unit 230 stores various configuration information items received from the base station 10 or the another terminal by the reception unit 220 in the storage device included in the configuration unit 230, and reads them from the storage device as necessary. In addition, the configuration unit 230 also stores pre-configured configuration information. The control unit 240 controls the terminal 20. In addition, the control unit 240 includes a function of performing LBT.
A terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured as a terminal described in each item below. In addition, a communication method below may be performed.
A terminal including:
The terminal as described in the first item,
The terminal as described in the second item, wherein
The terminal as claimed in the second item, wherein
A base station including:
A communication method performed by a terminal, the communication method including:
According to any one of the above-described configurations, a technique is provided that clarifies an operation of a base station or a terminal that supports the duplex method. According to the second item, the resources of the reference signal for positioning measurement can be allocated based on the information indicating the resource allocation. According to the third item, the resources of the reference signal for positioning measurement can be allocated based on the allocation pattern. According to the fourth item, the resources of the reference signal for the positioning measurement can be allocated based on the parameter indicating the non contiguous positions.
In the above block diagrams used for describing an embodiment of the present invention (
Functions include, but are not limited to, judging, determining, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching, checking, receiving, transmitting, outputting, accessing, resolving, selecting, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, and deeming; broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, etc. For example, a functional block (component) that functions to transmit is called a transmitting unit or a transmitter. In either case, as described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.
For example, the base station 10, the terminal 20, etc., according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer for processing the radio communication method of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the descriptions below, the term “device” can be read as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware structures of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the devices illustrated in the figure, or may not include some devices.
Each function in the base station 10 and the terminal 20 is realized by having the processor 1001 perform an operation by reading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002, and by controlling communication by the communication device 1004 and controlling at least one of reading and writing of data in the storage device 1002 and the auxiliary storage device 1003.
The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, controlling the operating system. The processor 1001 may include a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a peripheral apparatus, a control apparatus, a calculation apparatus, a register, etc. For example, the above-described control unit 140, control unit 240, and the like, may be implemented by the processor 1001.
Further, the processor 1001 reads out onto the storage device 1002 a program (program code), a software module, or data from the auxiliary storage device 1003 and/or the communication device 1004, and performs various processes according to the program, the software module, or the data. As the program, a program is used that causes the computer to perform at least a part of operations according to an embodiment of the present invention described above. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 illustrated in
The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may include at least one of a ROM (Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. The storage device 1002 may be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 is capable of storing programs (program codes), software modules, or the like, that are executable for performing communication processes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The auxiliary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may include at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto optical disk (e.g., compact disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., card, stick, key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above recording medium may be a database including the storage device 1002 and/or the auxiliary storage device 1003, a server, or any other appropriate medium.
The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission or reception device) for communicating with computers via at least one of a wired network or a wireless network, and may be referred to as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may comprise a high frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, or the like, for example, to implement at least one of a frequency division duplex (FDD) or a time division duplex (TDD). For example, the transmitting/receiving antenna, the amplifier unit, the transmitting/receiving unit, the transmission line interface, and the like, may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting/receiving unit may be physically or logically divided into a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.
The input device 1005 is an input device that receives an external input (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs something to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp). It should be noted that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into a single device (e.g., touch panel).
Further, the apparatuses including the processor 1001, the storage device 1002, etc., are connected to each other via the bus 1007 used for communicating information. The bus 1007 may include a single bus, or may include different buses between the apparatuses.
Further, each of the base station 10 and terminal 20 may include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), etc., and a part or all of each functional block may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented by at least one of the above hardware elements.
The drive unit 2002 may include, for example, an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.
The electronic control unit 2010 includes a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. The electronic control unit 2010 receives signals from the various sensors 2021-2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may be referred to as an ECU (Electronic control unit).
The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 which senses the current of the motor, a front or rear wheel rotation signal acquired by a revolution sensor 2022, a front or rear wheel pneumatic signal acquired by a pneumatic sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 2025, a stepped-on accelerator pedal signal acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a stepped-on brake pedal signal acquired by a brake pedal sensor 2026, an operation signal of a shift lever acquired by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal, acquired by an object detection sensor 2028, for detecting an obstacle, a vehicle, a pedestrian, and the like.
The information service unit 2012 includes various devices for providing various kinds of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, an audio system, a speaker, a television, and a radio, and one or more ECUs controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 provides various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001 by using information obtained from the external device through the communication module 2013 or the like.
A driving support system unit 2030 includes: various devices for providing functions of preventing accidents and reducing a driver's operating burden such as a millimeter wave radar, a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high definition (HD) map, autonomous vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chip, an AI processor; and one or more ECUs controlling these devices. In addition, the driving support system unit 2030 transmits and receives various types of information via the communication module 2013 to realize a driving support function or an autonomous driving function.
The communication module 2013 may communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via a communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via a communication port 2033, to and from the drive unit 2002, the steering unit 2003, the accelerator pedal 2004, the brake pedal 2005, the shift lever 2006, the front wheel 2007, the rear wheel 2008, the axle 2009, the microprocessor 2031 and the memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001.
The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and that is capable of communicating with external devices. For example, various kinds of information are transmitted to and received from external devices through radio communication. The communication module 2013 may be internal to or external to the electronic control unit 2010. The external devices may include, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.
The communication module 2013 transmits a current signal, which is input to the electronic control unit 2010 from the current sensor, to the external devices through radio communication. In addition, the communication module 2013 also transmits, to the external devices through radio communication, the front or rear wheel rotation signal acquired by the revolution sensor 2022, the front or rear wheel pneumatic signal acquired by the pneumatic sensor 2023, the vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed sensor 2024, the acceleration signal acquired by the acceleration sensor 2025, the stepped-on accelerator pedal signal acquired by the accelerator pedal sensor 2029, the stepped-on brake pedal signal acquired by the brake pedal sensor 2026, the operation signal of the shift lever acquired by the shift lever sensor 2027, and the detection signal, acquired by the object detection sensor 2028, for detecting an obstacle, a vehicle, a pedestrian, and the like, that are input to the electronic control unit 2010.
The communication module 2013 receives various types of information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from the external devices and displays the received information on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. In addition, the communication module 2013 stores the various types of information received from the external devices in the memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, the steering unit 2003, the accelerator pedal 2004, the brake pedal 2005, the shift lever 2006, the front wheel 2007, the rear wheel 2008, the axle 2009, the sensors 2021-2029, etc., mounted in the vehicle 2001.
As described above one or more embodiments have been described. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. A person skilled in the art should understand that there are various modifications, variations, alternatives replacements, etc., of the embodiments. In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, specific values have been used in the description. However, unless otherwise specified, those values are merely examples and other appropriate values may be used. The division of the described items may not be essential to the present invention. The things that have been described in two or more items may be used in a combination if necessary, and the thing that has been described in one item may be appropriately applied to another item (as long as there is no contradiction). Boundaries of functional units or processing units in the functional block diagrams do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries of physical parts. Operations of multiple functional units may be physically performed by a single part, or an operation of a single functional unit may be physically performed by multiple parts. The order of sequences and flowcharts described in an embodiment of the present invention may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For the sake of description convenience, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 have been described by using functional block diagrams. However, the apparatuses may be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. The software executed by a processor included in the base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and the software executed by a processor included in the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be stored in a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read only memory (ROM), an EPROM, an EEPROM, a register, a hard disk (HDD), a removable disk, a CD-ROM, a database, a server, or any other appropriate recording medium.
Further, information indication may be performed not only by methods described in an aspect/embodiment of the present specification but also a method other than those described in an aspect/embodiment of the present specification. For example, the information indication may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information), UCI (Uplink Control Information)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, MAC (Medium Access Control) signaling, broadcast information (MIB (Master Information Block), SIB (System Information Block))), other signals, or combinations thereof. Further, RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message. The RRC signaling may be, for example, an RRC connection setup message, an RRC connection reconfiguration message, or the like.
Each aspect/embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX). Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate systems, and a next generation system enhanced, modified, developed, or defined therefrom. Further, multiple systems may also be applied in combination (e.g., at least one of LTE or LTE-A combined with 5G. etc.). The order of processing steps, sequences, flowcharts or the like of an aspect/embodiment described in the present specification may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For example, in a method described in the present specification, elements of various steps are presented in an exemplary order. The order is not limited to the presented specific order.
The particular operations, that are supposed to be performed by the base station 10 in the present specification, may be performed by an upper node in some cases. In a network including one or more network nodes including the base station 10, it is apparent that various operations performed for communicating with the terminal 20 may be performed by the base station 10 and/or another network node other than the base station 10 (for example, but not limited to. MME or S-GW). According to the above, a case is described in which there is a single network node other than the base station 10. However, a combination of multiple other network nodes may be considered (e.g., MME and S-GW).
The information or signals described in this disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer). The information or signals may be input or output through multiple network nodes.
The input or output information may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using management tables. The input or output information may be overwritten, updated, or added. The information that has been output may be deleted. The information that has been input may be transmitted to another apparatus.
A decision or a determination in an embodiment of the present invention may be realized by a value (0 or 1) represented by one bit, by a boolean value (true or false), or by comparison of numerical values (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).
Software should be broadly interpreted to mean, whether referred to as software, firmware, middle ware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, executable threads, procedures, functions, and the like.
Further, software, instructions, information, and the like may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, in the case where software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired line technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.) or wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired line technologies or wireless technologies is included within the definition of the transmission medium.
Information, a signal, or the like, described in the present specification may be represented by using any one of various different technologies. For example, data, an instruction, a command, information, a signal, a bit, a symbol, a chip, or the like, described throughout the present application, may be represented by a voltage, an electric current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields, a magnetic particle, optical fields, a photon, or a combination thereof.
It should be noted that a term used in the present specification and/or a term required for understanding of the present specification may be replaced by a term having the same or similar meaning. For example, a channel and/or a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Further, a signal may be a message. Further, the component carrier (CC) may be referred to as a carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, or the like.
As used in the present disclosure, the terms “system” and “network” are used interchangeably.
Further, the information, parameters, and the like, described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values from predetermined values, or they may be expressed using corresponding different information. For example, a radio resource may be what is indicated by an index.
The names used for the parameters described above are not used as limitations. Further, the mathematical equations using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Because the various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not used as limitations.
In the present disclosure, the terms “BS: Base Station”, “Radio Base Station”, “Base Station”, “Fixed Station”, “NodeB”, “eNodeB (eNB)”, “gNodeB (gNB)”, “Access Point”, “Transmission Point”, “Reception Point”, “Transmission/Reception Point”, “Cell”, “Sector”, “Cell Group”, “Carrier”, “Component Carrier”, and the like, may be used interchangeably. The base station may be referred to as a macro-cell, a small cell, a femtocell, a picocell and the like.
The base station may accommodate (provide) one or more (e.g., three) cells. In the case where the base station accommodates a plurality of cells, the entire coverage area of the base station may be divided into a plurality of smaller areas, and each smaller area may provide communication services by means of a base station subsystem (e.g., an indoor small base station or a remote Radio Head (RRH)). The term “cell” or “sector” refers to a part or all of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and base station subsystem that provides communication services at the coverage.
In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, “terminal”, and the like, may be used interchangeably.
There is a case in which the mobile station may be referred to, by a person skilled in the art, as a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other appropriate terms.
At least one of the base station or the mobile station may be referred to as a transmission apparatus, reception apparatus, communication apparatus, or the like. The at least one of the base station or the mobile station may be a device mounted on the mobile station, the mobile station itself, or the like. The mobile station may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile body (e.g., a drone, an automated vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station or the mobile station may include an apparatus that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station or the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.
Further, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as the user terminal. For example, each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communications between the base station and the user terminal are replaced by communications between multiple terminals 20 (e.g., may be referred to as D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the function of the base station 10 described above may be provided by the terminal 20. Further, the phrases “up” and “down” may also be replaced by the phrases corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., “side”). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, or the like, may be read as a sidelink channel.
Further, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as the base station. In this case, the function of the user terminal described above may be provided by the base station.
The term “determining” used in the present specification may include various actions or operations. The terms “determination” and “decision” may include “determination” and “decision” made with judging. calculating. computing, processing. deriving, investigating, searching (looking up, search, inquiry) (e.g., search in a table, a database, or another data structure), or ascertaining. Further, the “determining” may include “determining” made with receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory). Further, the “determining” may include a case in which “resolving”, “selecting”, “choosing”, “establishing”, “comparing”, or the like is deemed as “determining”. In other words, the “determining” may include a case in which a certain action or operation is deemed as “determining”. Further, “decision” may be read as “assuming”, “expecting”, or “considering”, etc.
The term “connected” or “coupled” or any variation thereof means any direct or indirect connection or connection between two or more elements and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between the two elements “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be read as “access”. As used in the present disclosure, the two elements may be thought of as being “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of the one or more wires, cables, or printed electrical connections and, as a number of non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency region, the microwave region, and the light (both visible and invisible) region.
The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS or may be referred to as a pilot, depending on the applied standards.
The description “based on” used in the present specification does not mean “based on only” unless otherwise specifically noted. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based on only” and “based on at least”.
Any reference to an element using terms such as “first” or “second” as used in the present disclosure does not generally limit the amount or the order of those elements. These terms may be used in the present disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.
“Means” included in the configuration of each of the above apparatuses may be replaced by “parts”, “circuits”, “devices”, etc.
In the case where the terms “include”, “including” and variations thereof are used in the present disclosure, these terms are intended to be comprehensive in the same way as the term “comprising”. Further, the term “or” used in the present specification is not intended to be an “exclusive or”.
A radio frame may include one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be referred to as a subframe. The subframe may further include one or more slots in the time domain. The subframe may be a fixed length of time (e.g., 1 ms) independent from the numerology.
The numerology may be a communication parameter that is applied to at least one of the transmission or reception of a signal or channel. The numerology may indicate at least one of, for example. SubCarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, or specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain.
The slot may include one or more symbols in the time domain, such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, and the like. The slot may be a time unit based on the numerology.
The slot may include a plurality of mini slots. Each mini slot may include one or more symbols in the time domain. Further, the mini slot may be referred to as a sub-slot. The mini slot may include fewer symbols than the slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units greater than a mini slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.
A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. Different terms may be used for referring to a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot and a symbol, respectively.
For example, one subframe may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, and one slot or one mini slot may be referred to as a TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in an existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. It should be noted that the unit representing the TTI may be referred to as a slot, a mini slot, or the like, rather than a subframe.
The TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communications. For example, in an LTE system, a base station schedules each terminal 20 to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used in each terminal 20) in TTI units. The definition of TTI is not limited to the above.
The TTI may be a transmission time unit, such as a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), code block, codeword, or the like, or may be a processing unit, such as scheduling or link adaptation. It should be noted that, when a TTI is provided, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) during which the transport block, code block, codeword, or the like, is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.
It should be noted that, when one slot or one mini slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini slots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Further, the number of slots (the number of mini slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.
A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be referred to as a normal TTI (a TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a slot, and the like. A TTI that is shorter than the normal TTI may be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini slot, a subslot, a slot, or the like.
It should be noted that the long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.,) may be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and the short TTI (e.g., shortened TTI, etc.,) may be replaced with a TTI having a TTI length less than the TTI length of the long TTI and a TTI length greater than 1 ms.
A resource block (RB) is a time domain and frequency domain resource allocation unit and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same, regardless of the numerology, and may be 12. for example. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined on the basis of numerology.
Further, the time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols, which may be 1 slot, 1 mini slot, 1 subframe, or 1 TTI in length. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each include one or more resource blocks.
It should be noted that one or more RBs may be referred to as physical resource blocks (PRBs. Physical RBs), sub-carrier groups (SCGs), resource element groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, and the like.
Further, a resource block may include one or more resource elements (RE). For example. 1 RE may be a radio resource area of one sub-carrier and one symbol. The bandwidth part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, etc.) may represent a subset of consecutive common RBs (common resource blocks) for a given numerology in a carrier. Here, a common RB may be identified by an index of RB relative to the common reference point of the carrier. A PRB may be defined in a BWP and may be numbered within the BWP.
BWP may include BWP for UL (UL BWP) and BWP for DL (DL BWP). For a terminal 20, one or more BWPs may be configured in one carrier.
At least one of the configured BWPs may be activated, and the terminal 20 may assume that the terminal 20 will not transmit and receive signals/channels outside the activated BWP. It should be noted that the terms “cell” and “carrier” in this disclosure may be replaced by “BWP.”
Structures of a radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a mini slot, and a symbol described above are exemplary only. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or mini slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and the like, may be changed in various ways.
In the present disclosure, where an article is added by translation, for example “a”, “an”, and “the”, the disclosure may include that the noun following these articles is plural.
In this disclosure, the term “A and B are different” may mean “A and B are different from each other.” It should be noted that the term “A and B are different” may mean “A and B are different from C.” Terms such as “separated” or “combined” may be interpreted in the same way as the above-described “different”.
Each aspect/embodiment described in the present specification may be used independently, may be used in combination, or may be used by switching according to operations. Further, notification (transmission/reporting) of predetermined information (e.g., notification (transmission/reporting) of “X”) is not limited to an explicit notification (transmission/reporting), and may be performed by an implicit notification (transmission/reporting) (e.g., by not performing notification (transmission/reporting) of the predetermined information).
As described above, the present invention has been described in detail. It is apparent to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to one or more embodiments of the present invention described in the present specification. Modifications, alternatives, replacements, etc., of the present invention may be possible without departing from the subject matter and the scope of the present invention defined by the descriptions of claims. Therefore, the descriptions of the present specification are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to be limitations to the present invention.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/003182 | 1/27/2022 | WO |
