The present invention relates to a textile-reinforced molded hose, or fabric hose, in particular a sealing hose, and to a method for producing the molded hose.
In particular, the present invention relates to a sealing hose for sealing a screen with respect to a holding frame of a vibrating screen apparatus for separating solids from a supplied mixture of liquid and solids, in particular for separating solids from drilling fluid, and to such a vibrating screen apparatus.
In addition, the present invention relates to a sealing hose for sealing a door gap of a door opening of a vehicle used in public transportation, in particular of a high-speed train, and to such a vehicle having such a sealing hose.
A hose is a flexible, elongated hollow body, frequently having a round cross-section.
A sealing hose, which however is not a molded hose, for sealing a door gap of a door opening in a vehicle used in public transportation, in particular in a high-speed train, is known for example from EP 2 810 804 A1. The sealing hose has a hose wall that has a reinforcing support that has an elastomer coating on one side or on both sides. The reinforcing support can be a fabric. In addition, the reinforcing support has a lower elasticity in the longitudinal direction of the sealing hose than in the transverse direction. For this purpose, the reinforcing element has for example a multiplicity of openings extending in the longitudinal direction of the sealing hose. The sealing profile is produced for example by extrusion.
The sealing hose of EP 2 810 804 A1 has proven effective. However, it is disadvantageous that, during installation in a door opening, the sealing hose is curved at the corners and in this way is compressed. Alternatively, the door sealing is made up of a plurality of sealing hoses that are connected to one another in the corner regions, which is complicated and expensive.
In addition, so-called molded hoses are known. Molded hoses are dimensionally stable hoses having predetermined dimensions, shapes, and bends adapted to the particular intended use. A molded hose thus has, in its unloaded initial state, or in the absence of the action of external forces, at least one shaped, or preshaped, or dimensionally stable bend or curvature along its hose longitudinal direction. The molded hose is thus dimensionally stable in its unloaded initial state.
The known molded hoses are generally produced by vulcanization, in which a raw hose, made of raw rubber, together with the desired hose-shaped reinforcing fabric (also called a “stocking”) is wound onto a mandrel, and then vulcanized. Subsequently, the mandrel is removed. This method is complicated and expensive, as well as very inflexible, because a specific mandrel has to be manufactured for each shape.
In addition, the use of inflatable sealing hoses in vibrating screen apparatuses is known for the separation of solids from a supplied mixture of liquid and solids, in particular for separating solids from drilling fluid. Such vibrating screen apparatuses or machines (see e.g. US 2010/0089652 A1) are also called shale shakers or shaking screen apparatuses or machines, or riddle apparatuses or machines. They are an important component of a drilling installation. They are used to separate coarser solids from the drilling fluid with the aid of a vibrating basket that has a plurality of screens. The screens can be configured in series or in parallel. For the separation, the drilling fluid flows onto the screens. The liquid phase and the smaller solids of the drilling fluid flow through the screen and, if applicable, remain in the circuit of the drilling fluid, while coarser solids (e.g. rocks) are screened out and removed.
Generally, the screens are held by clamping in a holding frame of the basket, with the aid of sealing hoses. The sealing hoses consequently have both a sealing function and a clamping function. In order to meet the mechanical demands (vibrations), as well as the requirement of exchangeability, these sealing hoses are realized as inflatable sealing hoses. The required pressure is generally 6 bar.
The object of the present invention is to provide a textile-reinforced molded hose, or fabric hose, in particular a sealing hose, for sealing a screen with respect to a holding frame of a vibrating screen apparatus for separating solids from a supplied mixture of liquid and solids, in particular for separating solids from drilling fluid, in which the above-named disadvantages are avoided. In particular, the run and the shape of the bends of the molded hose are to be realizable freely and flexibly, wherein the molded hose shall be producible easily and at low cost. In addition, a method is to be provided for producing the molded hose.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a vibrating screen apparatus for separating solids from a supplied mixture of liquid and solids, in particular for separating solids from drilling fluid, having such a sealing hose.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a vehicle used in public transportation, in particular a high-speed train, having such a sealing hose.
These objects are achieved by a molded hose, in particular a sealing hose, having the features of claim 1, and by a vibrating screen apparatus having the features of claim 17, a vehicle used in public transportation having the features of claim 21, and a method having the features of claim 16. Advantageous developments of the present invention are characterized in the respectively dependent subclaims.
In the following, the present invention is explained in more detail on the basis of a drawing.
Molded hose 1 (
In addition, molded hose 1 is preferably realized as a flat hose. In its initial state in which it is not being used, or is not installed and not inflated, a flat hose is flat, or planar, or realized as a sheet material. Thereby, hose wall 2 can completely lie together. By filling hose inner space 3 with air or some other fluid, the flat hose is inflated, in particular bloated.
Molded hose 1 has, in addition, a hose longitudinal direction 4a and a hose transverse direction 4b oriented perpendicular thereto, as well as a hose height direction 4c oriented perpendicular to hose longitudinal direction 4a and to hose transverse direction 4b. Hose inner space 3 passes or extends through molded hose 1 in hose longitudinal direction 4a. Preferably, moreover, hose longitudinal direction 4a and hose transverse direction 4b form a first and second surface direction of flat molded hose 1.
Moreover, molded hose 1 according to the present invention has at least one bend or curved region 5 (
Hose wall 2 has two hose wall upper sides or hose wall broad sides 6a;b, that are situated opposite one another, preferably in hose height direction 4c, as well as two hose wall longitudinal edges 7a;b situated opposite one another, preferably in hose transverse direction 4b.
Hose wall 2 (
Reinforcing fabric 8 has, in a known manner, a warp direction 10 and a weft direction 11 perpendicular thereto. In addition, reinforcing fabric 8 has warp threads 12a;b that extend in warp direction 10 and has weft threads 13a;b that cross warp threads 12a;b and extend parallel to weft direction 11. In addition, reinforcing fabric 8 has a first and a second fabric upper side 14a;b.
Warp threads and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b are, in each case, monofilament threads or multi-filament threads. Monofilament threads are each made up of a single monofilament. Multi-filament threads are made up of a plurality of monofilaments. The monofilaments can each be realized in one piece (monolithically), or can have a core/cladding structure. In this context, a multifilament thread can have different monofilaments, e.g. made of different materials.
Polymer coating 9 consists of a polymer matrix in which filler materials, in particular flame-retardant filler materials, are preferably embedded. The polymer matrix is made in particular of a polymer material or polymer in accordance with DIN 7724-1993-04. Preferably, the polymer matrix is made of an elastomer in accordance with DIN 7724-1993-04. According to these, elastomers are dimensionally rigid but elastically deformable polymers whose glass transition point is below the temperature of use. The elastomers can deform elastically under tensile and compression stress, but subsequently return to their original, undeformed shape. The polymer matrix is preferably made up of vulcanized caoutchouc (rubber), in particular vulcanized silicon caoutchouc (silicon rubber) or vulcanized natural caoutchouc (natural rubber), or of CSM (chlorosulfonated polyethylene) or EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber) or EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or PU (polyurethane), or mixtures thereof.
As already explained, reinforcing fabric 8 is realized in the form of a hose. Thus, it has a fabric channel, or fabric passage, or fabric inner space 16 that extends through reinforcing fabric 8, parallel to hose longitudinal direction 4a. Fabric channel 16 thus forms hose inner space 3, or encloses it.
According to the present invention, fabric channel 16 is produced by corresponding binding, or corresponding weaving, of the warp threads and/or weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b with one another.
According to a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention (
Reinforcing fabric 8 has, according to the present invention, a two-layered fabric region 18 that forms fabric channel 16, and two one-layered, channel-free fabric regions 19. Two-layered fabric region 18, or fabric channel 16, is situated between the two one-layered fabric regions 19, in particular seen in hose transverse direction 4b. And the two one-layered fabric regions 19 are each situated adjacent to one of the two hose wall longitudinal edges 7a;b.
The two-layered fabric region 18, forming fabric channel 16, and the two one-layered, channel-free fabric regions 19 each have a longitudinal extension that runs parallel to hose longitudinal axis 4a.
Preferably, reinforcing fabric 8 has a plain weave both in the two one-layered fabric regions 19 and in the two-layered fabric region 18.
That is, in the two one-layered fabric regions 19, the first and also the second weft threads 13a;13b are each woven together with the first and second warp threads 12a;b; i.e. with all warp threads 12a;12b.
In contrast, in the region of fabric channel 16, or in the two-layered fabric region 18, the first and second weft thread pairs 17a;b are divided as follows:
First weft thread pairs 17a are bound only to first warp threads 12a, and second weft thread pairs 17b are bound only to second warp threads 12b. That is, first weft thread pairs 17a are woven only with first warp threads 12a, and second weft thread pairs 17b are woven only with second warp threads 12b. First weft thread pairs 17a and first warp threads 12a are likewise preferably bound in a plain weave. The same holds for second weft thread pairs 17b and second warp threads 12b. First and second weft thread pairs 17a;b are thus each woven only with each second warp thread 12a;b.
In this way, the first weft thread pairs 17a form, together with first warp threads 12a, a first, in particular upper, fabric layer 15a, and second weft thread pairs 15b form, together with second warp threads 12b, a second, in particular lower, fabric layer 15b. The two fabric layers 15a;b are not connected to one another, so that the fabric channel 16 according to the present invention is formed between the two fabric layers 15a;b. In addition, the fabric layers 15a;b are situated adjacent to one another, or aligned with one another, in hose height direction 4c.
As already explained, fabric channel 16 is produced directly during weaving, through corresponding controlled lifting or lowering of the individual warp threads 12a;b. As a result, the course and the shape of fabric channel 16 are at will and can be selected freely. In addition, according to the present invention it is enabled that fabric channel 16 can extend not only parallel to warp direction 10 through reinforcing fabric 8, but can also extend obliquely thereto or perpendicular thereto, i.e. parallel to weft direction 11. Fabric channel 16 can also run in a curved or arc shape. In addition, the width of fabric channel 16 can be different, or can be varied, over its length.
Thus, according to the present invention a fabric channel 16 can be produced that has at least one bend 26 that is formed by corresponding weaving of the warp and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b with one another. The bends 26 of fabric channel 16 correspond to bends 5 of molded hose 1. That is, reinforcing fabric 8 has, at the bends 5 of molded hose 1, a respective bend 26 corresponding to bend 5 of molded hose 1, or a bend 26 matched to the bend 5 of molded hose 1, formed by corresponding weaving of warp and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b with one another.
Thus, in order to produce molded hose 1 according to the present invention, first a basic fabric 20 is produced that has at least one fabric channel 16 having at least one bend 26, formed by corresponding weaving of the warp and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b with one another (
Subsequently, the cut-out hose-shaped reinforcing fabric 8 is coated on both sides, i.e. on its two fabric upper sides 14a;b, with polymer coating 9. Here, the coating preferably takes place in a known manner, preferably by brushing on, calendaring, extrusion, compression molding, injection molding, or an immersion method.
The two polymer coatings 9 are applied in such a way that, seen in hose transverse direction 4b, they extend at least over the entire extension of reinforcing fabric 8, and preferably somewhat beyond it, so that reinforcing fabric 8 is completely embedded into the two polymer coatings 9, and the two polymer coatings 9 lie directly against one another at hose wall longitudinal edges 7a;b and adjacent thereto, and are fixedly connected to one another, preferably by vulcanization.
If desired, after the coating, or during it, a valve 21 can in addition be attached (
In addition, molded hose 1 can also be made with an annular shape, or can have more than two ends, in particular closed ends, and can be realized in particular in a star shape or a U shape. For example, the molded hose can also be realized as a star sealing.
Moreover, it is within the scope of the present invention that reinforcing fabric 8 has surface regions that differ from one another in at least one mechanical property, according to DE 10 2017 102 626, whose full content is hereby incorporated by reference.
For example, reinforcing fabric 8 can be reinforced in the region of valve 21 or in the region of the transition from the two-layered regions to the one-layered regions 18; 19, i.e. can have a higher maximum tensile force FH according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013 and/or a higher elongation at maximum tensile force εH according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013 and/or a higher ratio of tensile force according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013 to elongation according to DIN EN ISO 13934-1:2013. This can be achieved for example by additional threads and/or a different binding and/or a different thread material, as described in DE 10 2017 102 626.
As explained above, molded hose 1 according to the present invention is preferably used as a sealing hose for a vehicle 22 used in public transportation (
As explained above, molded hose 1 according to the present invention is particularly preferably used as a sealing hose 27 in a vibrating screen apparatus for separating solids from a mixture of liquid and solids, in particular for separating solids from drilling fluid. The vibrating apparatus has, in a known manner, a vibrating basket, or a basket that can be driven to vibration, having at least one, preferably a plurality of, screens 28 (
The preferably rectangular, circumferential or annular holding frame 29 preferably has, in cross-section, a C-profile having a lower web wall 29a, an upper web wall 29b, and a center web wall 29c situated between these. Screen 28 is situated, in its outer edge region, between the upper and lower web wall 29a;b, and in particular lies on lower web wall 29a with a screen lower side 28a.
Sealing hose 27 according to the present invention is situated in a known manner between upper web wall 29b and a screen upper side 28b of screen 28. Preferably, sealing hose 27 in addition has nubs 30 that protrude from hose wall 2 externally, in particular upward, and that engage in corresponding openings in upper web wall 29b. Nubs 30 are thus used to fix sealing hose 27 on holding frame 29. Instead of nubs 30, of course, other holding means may also be present.
Nubs 30 are preferably part of the polymer coating 9 described above, and are applied directly during the coating process. However, they can also advantageously be vulcanized on or glued on subsequently.
After installation, sealing hose 27 is preferably bloated, so that screen 28 is clamped, or held by clamping, between the two web walls 29a;b of holding frame 29 by sealing hose 27. Preferably, sealing hose 27 has a pressure of 5 to 7 bar, in order to ensure the clamping even given the vibrational load that occurs during operation of the vibrating screen machine.
In addition, molded hose 1 according to the present invention can particularly advantageously be used quite generally as a sealing hose between machine parts of a machine, in particular of the vibrating screen apparatus. In particular, the sealing hose can be used for the clamping holding of a deflecting plate of the vibrating screen apparatus in a holding frame.
An advantage of the present invention is that molded hose 1 can be produced very easily and at low cost. In addition, the shape of molded hose 1, in particular its course and the number of bends 5, can be easily and flexibly adapted without requiring a new shaping tool each time. Because molded hose 1 is made in one part, a complex piecing on is not required.
Sealing hoses must be replaced frequently. For this purpose, the exchange should be made as easy as possible. By letting the pressure out from the sealing hose, the clamp hold is released, and the screen can be removed.
In addition, due to the preshaped bends 5, the problem of material compression in corners or curves does not arise. In particular, it can be ensured that the cross-section of the hose inner space 3 also remains the same in the bends.
In the context of the present invention, it has turned out, surprisingly, that despite the two-layered fabric region 18, it is possible to coat the reinforcing fabric 8 with the polymer coating 9 without the polymer substantially penetrating into fabric channel 16. This is surprising in particular because the two fabric layers 15a;b are less dense, in particular only half as dense, as the one-layered fabric regions 19. This is because the two fabric layers 15a;b necessarily have less material than, in particular only half as much material as, the one-layered fabric regions 19. In the depicted exemplary embodiment, the two fabric layers 15a;b each have only half as many warp and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b as the one-layered fabric regions 19. The weft thread density and the warp thread density of the two fabric layers 15a;b (in threads per centimeter) according to DIN EN 1049-2:1994-02 is correspondingly half as large as the weft thread density and the warp thread density of the one-layered fabric regions 19.
Nonetheless, it has turned out, surprisingly, that it is possible to coat reinforcing fabric 8 in such a way that polymer coating 9 has an adequate adhesion to reinforcing fabric 8, but does not penetrate into fabric channel 16, or at least does not do so to any great extent. Fabric upper side 14a and fabric lower side 14b are thus adequately dense for polymer coating 9 even in the region of fabric layers 15a;b, or of fabric channel 16. That is, fabric upper side 14a and fabric lower side 14b form a substantially closed surface even in the region of fabric layers 15a;b. That is, warp and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b also lie against one another in the region of fabric layers 15a;b, no open meshes are formed (in contrast to the highly simplified drawings in
Of course, the design of fabric channel 16 can also be realized according to the present invention by other types of binding and weaving techniques than those described on the basis of the exemplary embodiment. According to the present invention, the warp threads and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b only have to be woven with one another in such a way that the one-layered, channel-free fabric regions 19 and the two-layered fabric regions 18 having the two one-layered fabric layers 15a; 15b not connected to one another are formed from the same warp threads and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b or from the same thread material.
In principle, this can be realized in a different way, in that a first part of the weft threads 13a;b is woven only with a first part of warp threads 12a;b, and a second part of weft threads 13a;b is woven only with a second part of warp threads 12a;b. That is, the warp threads and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b of first fabric layer 15a are not woven with the warp threads and weft threads 12a;b; 13a;b of second fabric layer 15b.
For example, the weft threads of the one-layered fabric regions in the two-layered fabric regions can also be divided into two weft threads, in particular equally thick ones. Here, the divided and undivided weft threads can for example each be made up of many monofilaments, or the undivided weft threads can be made up of two monofilaments and the divided weft threads can be made up of one monofilament. A first divided-off weft thread, or a first weft thread half, is here woven with the first warp threads, and the second divided-off weft thread, or the second weft thread half, is woven with the second warp threads. In this case, the warp thread density of the fabric layers is likewise half as large as the warp thread density of the one-layered fabric regions. The weft thread density is however the same, even if the weft threads are thinner.
Thus, in each of the described cases the warp thread density of fabric layers 15a;b is lower than the warp thread density of the one-layered fabric regions 19.
In addition, it is within the scope of the present invention that the molded hose has additional, in particular flat, textile reinforcing elements. The hose wall can also be realized having multiple layers, and can have a plurality of polymer coatings arranged one over the other. Adhesive layers may also be present. In addition, the reinforcing fabric can in addition be coated with a polymer on its inner side.
In addition, of course, a plurality of one-piece molded hoses 1 according to the present invention can also be connected to one another to form a multi-part molded hose.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2017 116 312.3 | Jul 2017 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2018/061731 | 5/7/2018 | WO | 00 |