Patent Application
20200209071
The present invention relates generally to thermochromatic temperature indicators and methods for producing and making use of such thermochromatic temperature indicators. More particularly, disclosed and protected herein is a thermochromatic labeling system for permit the selective application of a reversible, removable, and reusable thermochromatic label to a lid of a vessel, such as a beverage or food container, to provide a thermochromatic indication regarding a temperature condition of a volume of material retained within an inner volume of the vessel.
Numerous skilled inventors have sought to develop and improve upon systems and methods capable of providing a reliable and safe indication of the temperature condition of a volume of comestible material retained within a volume of a container. Such methods and devices are intended to apprise a prospective consumer of the approximate or exact temperature condition of the retained material. Certain prior art systems and methods seek to be operative to indicate to a user the overall temperature condition of a retained material, such as whether a liquid is hot or cold. With this, a user desiring a cold drink, for instance, can be assured that the drink is cold, and a user desiring a hot drink can ensure that the drink is hot. The consumer can, under certain systems of the prior art, be apprised further regarding whether the retained material is in a dangerous or otherwise undesirable temperature condition, such as when a retained drink is too hot to be consumed safely.
Beyond simple hot and cold indications, thermochromatic devices have been disclosed for providing a more exacting indication of temperature. Temperature-indicating devices may seek to provide an exact temperature of a contained material, or such devices may indicate from among a plurality of typically small (i.e., 2-5 degree) temperature ranges.
Many of these prior art devices employ liquid crystal mesophase material that is thermochromatic and which may alternatively be referred to as thermochromic. As the materials's name suggests, thermochromic or thermochromatic material exhibits a change in color in response to a change in temperature. Thermochromic liquid crystal mesophase materials have one or more predetermined active temperature ranges wherein a color change is exhibited to indicate that the mesophase material, and thus the surface or other material with which the mesophase material is in contact, is in that predetermined active temperature range. The active temperature range of thermochromic liquid crystal material can be calibrated to suit particular requirements or desires. With that, temperature indicating devices are known having a predetermined hot temperature range for actuation, a predetermined cold temperature range for actuation, or some other selected individual, predetermined temperature range.
As thermochromic liquid crystal mesophase material passes through its predetermined active temperature range, it exhibits all colors of the visible spectrum in sequence. However, three colors tend to dominate. Brownish-red is typically followed by green, which in turn is followed by blue.
Liquid crystal mesophase material commonly appears as black against a black background outside of its active temperature range. Exploiting this, prior art devices have interposed black characters, such as characters representative of the active temperature range, between a transparent protective layer and the liquid crystal material. With this, the characters become apparent only when the liquid crystal material is in its active temperature range.
Inventors of the prior art have thus created strips with a plurality of sequentially calibrated thermochromic liquid crystal portions, each having numeric characters corresponding to the active temperature range for that portion. With this, the heat condition of material, such as material in a container, can be conducted to the thermochromic strip, and the liquid crystal event corresponding to the temperature of the contained material will tend to enter its active temperature range. The numeric characters within that temperature range will thus be revealed and the temperature of the material will be indicated.
Many useful temperature-indicating devices have been provided by the prior art that exploit thermochromic material. Indeed, the present inventor disclosed plural embodiments and methods for employing thermochromic materials with his own U.S. Pat. No. 6,579,006 for a Thermochromic Method and Device for Use Relative to a Product Container.
Despite the useful contributions to the state of the art provided by this inventor and other skilled contributors, it has been recognized that there remain a plurality of needs in relation to temperature indicating systems and methods. For instance, it will be understood that many temperature-indicating structures are fixed in a specified location in relation to a particular container. By way of example, thermochromic devices have been built into the sidewalls of cups, bowls, and drink containers, but such fixed thermochromic indicators are disadvantageously inflexible as to their location and relative to the vessel to which they are fixed. The user cannot place the thermochromic device in a location on the vessel or in relation to different vessels as he or she sees fit. Moreover, a thermochromic device fixed in relation to the sidewall of a vessel may be easily concealed, such as by a protective sleeve or the user's own hand, thereby becoming essentially non-functional. Further, such fixed thermochromic devices are not reusable and cannot be applied to a container of a user's choosing. Still further, it is recognized that thermochromic material built into a sidewall, lid, or other portion of a container can be relatively expensive per unit while not all consumers will need or wish to have the temperature-indicating abilities of thermochromic material.
The present inventor has appreciated that it would be advantageous if temperature-indicating devices could be selectively applied to vessels and locations on vessels at a user's discretion, potentially with an elimination of a need for specialized construction of the vessel. It has been appreciated that, in other practices, it may be advantageous to have a temperature-indicating device that synergistically cooperates with the structure of the vessel to provide effective temperature indication. It would be further advantageous if temperature-indicating devices could be rendered reusable and applicable to a wide variety of vessels. Still further benefits may be realized by permitting temperature-indicating devices to be applied in locations on vessels or lids or caps for vessels perceived to be most effective under the particular circumstances at hand. Moreover, it is appreciated that a temperature-indicating device and method that can be manufactured and used in a cost-efficient manner would represent an advance in the art.
With a knowledge of the state of the art as summarized above, the present inventor set forth with the basic object of providing a thermochromic temperature-indicating device that can be selectively applied by a manufacturer, at a point-of-sale establishment, by a consumer directly, or otherwise to a vessel that retains or is designed to retain comestibles in a desired temperature condition.
Another object of the invention is to provide a thermochromic device that can enhance consumer safety by apprising the user of a temperature condition of a retained drink or other comestible.
In certain embodiments, an object of the invention is to provide temperature-indicating thermochromic functionality without a need for a vessel of a specialized construction.
In other embodiments, a temperature-indicating thermochromic system is provided wherein a specialized thermochromic device can cooperate with a specially-constructed vessel or vessel component to accomplish temperature-indicative functionality.
Embodiments of the thermochromic device have the further object of being reusable.
A further object of embodiments of the invention is to provide a thermochromic device founded on a substrate material and with applied image material, such as thermochromic and non-thermochromic material, that can be recycled in an environmentally-sound manner.
Manifestations of the invention have the additional object of providing a thermochromic device that is efficient in manufacture and construction and that can be selectively applied thereby to reduce waste and minimize expense.
An underlying object of embodiments of the invention is to provide a thermochromic device that can be applied to selected vessels and selective locations on vessels or vessel components as may be determined to be likely to be most effective under the particular circumstances at hand.
In certain embodiments of the thermochromic device and method, a further object of the invention is to permit an indication of the temperature condition of a retained product on a cap, lid, or other upper surface of a product container whereby consumers of potentially hot liquids or other comestibles will be made aware of whether the comestible is in a dangerously hot condition, an ideal temperature condition for consumption, or an unsatisfactorily cold condition or vice-versa.
Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will be obvious both to one who reads this specification and reviews the accompanying drawings and to those who have an opportunity to make use of an embodiment of the thermochromatic device disclosed herein. Although the accomplishment of each of the foregoing objects in a single embodiment of the invention may be possible and even preferred, not all embodiments will seek or need to accomplish each and every potential object and advantage. Nonetheless, all such embodiments should be considered within the scope of the invention.
In accomplishing the aforementioned objects, a most basic embodiment of the invention comprises a thermochromatic label system for providing an indication of a temperature condition of contents of an inner volume of a vessel. The thermochromatic label system is founded on a thermochromatic label. The label has a facestock with a first surface comprising a thermochromatic display surface and a second surface. A pattern of adhesive is disposed on the second surface of the facestock, and a thermochromatic image is disposed on the first surface of the facestock. The thermochromatic image is formed by a thermochromatic material with an active temperature range. So constructed, the thermochromatic label can be automatically or selectively applied to a vessel, such as by application to a lid of a vessel. The facestock, the thermochromatic material, and the adhesive can, in certain practices, be recyclable in an environmentally-sound manner.
The thermochromatic label system can further include a release liner releasably coupled to the thermochromatic label. With that, the thermochromatic label can be released from the release liner and applied to a vessel. Release of the label from the release liner and application to a vessel, such as to a lid of a vessel, can be done manually by a user or, as disclosed herein, by a release and application system operative automatically under computer programming.
According to the invention, plural thermochromatic labels may be disposed on the release liner. By way of example and not limitation, plural thermochromatic labels can be retained in series on the release liner.
Embodiments of the thermochromatic label system can further include one or more static image displays on the first surface of the facestock. Moreover, the first surface of the facestock can include plural thermochromatic images, which can have the same or different active temperature ranges.
In certain practices of the invention, the adhesive disposed on the second surface of the facestock can be a removable adhesive. With that, the thermochromatic label can be applied to and removed from one or more vessels and in relation to selected locations on vessels.
The thermochromatic label system can further include a lid of a vessel. The lid can have a preconfigured label retention structure for retaining the thermochromatic label. By way of example, the label retention structure can be a raised protuberance on the lid that defines a raised sub-volume within the lid. In particular manifestations, the facestock has a size and a peripheral shape, and the label retention structure has a size and peripheral shape in approximate correspondence to the size and peripheral edge shape of the facestock. By way of example, the facestock could be rectangular and the raised label retention structure can have a rectangular shape to define a raised, box-shaped sub-volume within the lid.
Further, where the thermochromatic label system includes a lid of a vessel with a preconfigured label retention structure for retaining the thermochromatic label, the label retention structure can be formed to include a raised protuberance on the lid that defines a raised sub-volume within the lid that is contoured with a three-dimensional shape corresponding to a three-dimensional shape of the facestock.
In particular embodiments, for instance, the facestock is contoured with a substantially conical shape with a lower portion, a mid-portion, and a peak portion, and the raised protuberance is contoured with a substantially conical shape corresponding to the substantially conical shape of the facestock. A first thermochromatic image can be disposed on the peak portion of the facestock and a second thermochromatic image can be disposed on the lower portion of the facestock. Under such constructions, the first thermochromatic image can be formed from a thermochromatic material with a first temperature range and a second thermochromatic image can be formed from a thermochromatic material with a second temperature range. Those first and second temperature ranges could be substantially the same with the first and second thermochromatic images having different display temperature characteristics dependent on their respective heights within the protuberance, or the first and second temperature ranges could be different.
The image displays can be formed in any one of a number of ways that would occur to one skilled in the art. For example, non-thermochromic images can be formed with any one of a variety of readily available materials including paints, inks, films, and decals. U.S. Pat. No. 5,265,532, which is incorporated herein by reference, provides a detailed description of some possible application methods and materials. The thermochromatic image displays can be formed from a variety of thermochromatic materials including thermochromic liquid crystal material and thermochromic ink. One knowledgeable in the art will appreciate that typical thermochromic inks are founded on the combination of an electron-donating color forming material and an electron-accepting color developing material. Further background may be had to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,028,118 and 4,732,810, which are incorporated herein by reference. In any case, one skilled in the art will be aware that any one of a variety of methods, such as painting, coating, spraying, dipping, marking, screen printing, offset printing, and gravure printing could be exploited alone or in combination. The preferred thermochromatic materials will be color reversible whereby the created device could be used repeatedly where appropriate.
The foregoing discussion broadly outlines the more important features of the invention merely to enable a better understanding of the detailed description that follows and to instill a better appreciation of the inventor's contribution to the art. Before an embodiment of the invention is explained in detail, it must be made clear that the following details of construction, descriptions of geometry, and illustrations of inventive concepts are mere examples of the many possible manifestations of the invention.
In the accompanying drawing figures:
Thermochromatic label systems and methods according to the present invention could pursue widely varied embodiments. However, to ensure that one skilled in the art will be able to understand and, in appropriate cases, practice the invention, certain preferred embodiments of the broader invention revealed herein are described below and shown in the accompanying drawing figures. These embodiments are not intended to be limiting.
Turning more particularly to the accompanying drawing figures, a thermochromatic label according to the invention is indicated generally at 10 in
Where thermochromatic labels 10 are retained on a release liner 100, the thermochromatic labels 10 can be retained with the thermochromatic display surface 12 facing outwardly and with a second, opposite surface of the labels 10 in facing contact with the release liner 100. The thermochromatic labels 10 and the release liner 100 can be disposed in a variety of possible forms. For instance, thermochromatic labels 10 can be disposed in roll form with a plurality of thermochromatic labels 10 releasably retained in series on a strip of release liner 100. In other practices within the scope of the invention, thermochromatic labels 10 can be disposed in sheet form with a plurality of thermochromatic labels 10 disposed in an array on a sheet of release liner 100. Other formats and combinations of formats for releasably retaining thermochromatic labels 10 are possible and within the scope of the invention.
In
The thermochromatic label 10 is shown in a first temperature condition in
The thermochromatic label 10 is shown in a second temperature condition in
The thermochromatic label 10 is shown in a third temperature condition in
The thermochromatic images 16 and 18 and the fixed display image 22 are applied to the facestock 14 to be visible from the first surface side of the facestock 14. The fixed image display 22 could, by way of a non-limiting example, be a non-thermochromic layer of ink, embossing, or other static imaging that would be constantly visible. The first and second thermochromatic images 16 and 18 could be patterns of thermochromatic material applied by any effective method to the first surface of the facestock 14. The thermochromatic image 16 of the second image display is calibrated to become visible when the thermochromatic label 10 is in the second temperature condition, and the thermochromatic image 18 of the third image display is calibrated to become visible when the thermochromatic label 10 is in the third temperature condition. The thermochromatic material could, by way of example and not limitation, be a thermochromatic ink, thermochromatic liquid crystal material, thermochromatic ink or pigment, or any other thermochromatic material that now exists or is hereafter developed.
The foregoing are merely illustrative examples of possible temperature ranges. The active temperature ranges can be varied based, for example, on the food or liquid to be retained, based on consumers' expected desires, and, additionally or alternatively, based on a number of other factors. For example, thermochromatic labels 10 for use with beverages and foods best served cold could have image displays with active temperature ranges at and below room temperature. Still further, thermochromatic labels 10 could be created with one or more thermochromatic image displays having active temperature ranges well above room temperature and with one or more thermochromatic image displays having active temperature ranges well below room temperature. Such a thermochromatic label 10 could be used relative to beverages, such as coffee, that could be served iced just as well as hot.
It will be understood that further or fewer thermochromatic and static images 16, 18, and 22 could be employed, depending for instance on the particular application. Moreover, static and thermochromatic images 22, 16, and 18 can overlap and need not necessarily be applied to physically distinct areas of the thermochromatic label 10.
As shown in
The facestock 14, the thermochromatic material of the thermochromatic images 22, 16, and 18, the printing material of any non-thermochromatic images, and the adhesive 24 can each be formed of a recyclable material. Under such constructions, the labels 10 can be disposed of or recycled in an environmentally-sound manner.
In
With such a label retention structure 206 defined and the thermochromatic label 10 applied thereto, whether by a user selectively or by a label application mechanism automatically, the thermochromatic label 10 will tend to be heated or cooled depending on the heating or cooling of the inner volume of the vessel 300, which in turn is indicative of the temperature condition of the contents of the vessel 300. While thermochromatic articles affixed, for instance, to the side of a vessel will tend to be heated or cooled by the process of conduction as the contents of the vessel directly contact the wall of the vessel and the wall of the vessel directly contacts the thermochromatic article, the present thermochromatic label 10 will tend to be heated or cooled by the process of convection as air above the contents of the vessel 300 will tend to be heated or cooled thereby heating or cooling the lid 200 and the thermochromatic label 10. Moreover, where the label retention structure 206 defines a raised sub-volume in the lid 200 of the vessel 300, heat retained by the gas above the contents of the vessel 300 will tend to rise into the sub-volume defined by the label retention structure 206 thereby further enhancing the ability of the label 10 to give an indication of the temperature condition of the contents of the vessel 300.
Other configurations of thermochromatic labels 10 and, additionally or alternatively, label retention structures 206 for thermochromatic labels 10 are contemplated. While the thermochromatic labels 10 and the label retention structures 206 could have substantially flat surfaces, it is alternatively possible for thermochromatic labels 10 according to the invention pursue contoured, three-dimensional shapes. The label retention structures 206 could have contoured, three-dimensional shapes corresponding to the contoured, three-dimensional shape of the thermochromatic labels 10.
The thermochromatic label 10 and the label retention structure 206 in
Having such portions, the thermochromatic label 10 has a first thermochromatic image 16 disposed on the peak portion of the facestock 14 of the label 10, a second thermochromatic image 18 disposed on the mid-portion of the facestock 14 of the label 10, and a third thermochromatic image 20 disposed on the lower portion of the facestock 14 of the label 10. The first thermochromatic image 16 is adapted to indicate a first temperature condition, indicated here by the term WARM becoming visible when the peak portion is heated to the active range of the thermochromatic material of the first thermochromatic image 16. The second thermochromatic image 18 is adapted to indicate a second temperature condition, indicated here by the term HOT becoming visible when the mid-portion is heated to the active range of the thermochromatic material of the second thermochromatic image 18. The third thermochromatic image 20 is adapted to indicate a third temperature condition, indicated here by the terms VERY HOT becoming visible when the lower-portion is heated to the active range of the thermochromatic material of the third thermochromatic image 20. The lid 200 and the materials applied thereto can undergo reversible heating processes such that the lid 200 and the vessel 300 could be heated as necessary, such as by microwave heat or otherwise.
With the label retention structure 26 and, additionally or alternatively, the label 10 disposed atop a vessel 300, such as on or within the lid 200 of the vessel, the label retention structure 26 will tend to project upwardly from the body portion 202 of the lid 200. The first thermochromatic image 16 will tend to be disposed above the second thermochromatic image 18, which will tend to be disposed above the third thermochromatic image 20. Based on the principles of convection, the images 16, 18, and 20 will tend to experience increased rising heat.
The thermochromatic images 16, 18, and 20 are calibrated to become active dependent on their relative vertical positions with respect to the thermochromatic label 10 and, when applied to a vessel 300, with respect to the label retention structure 206 and the vessel 300 in general. It is contemplated, for instance, that it may be possible to employ thermochromatic material for the thermochromatic images 16, 18, and 20 with overlapping or even matching active temperature ranges while having the images 16, 18, and 20 demonstrate distinguishable active states dependent on their relative vertical positions with respect to the thermochromatic label 10 and, when applied to a vessel 300, with respect to the label retention structure 206 and the vessel 300 in general. Stated alternatively, since the second thermochromatic image 18 is disposed below the first thermochromatic image 16 in practice, the second thermochromatic image 18 may require a higher temperature within the vessel 300 to become active, and the third thermochromatic image 20 may require a higher temperature still.
Where the thermochromatic label 10 has a contoured, three-dimensional shape as in
It is further contemplated that thermochromatic labels 10 as disclosed herein could be initially disposed in a flat configuration to be formed into a contoured configuration during application to a vessel 300. For example, as
Thermochromatic labels 10 as disclosed herein could be applied to any container that retains a product the temperature of which may be desirable to ascertain. The vessel 300 shown herein is merely an illustrative example. Labels 10 according to the invention are not limited with respect to the number of image displays or with regard to the nature and breadth of their active temperature ranges. Just one thermochromatic image display might be provided as could a plurality of thermochromatic image displays with distinct or overlapping active temperature ranges whereby contents of a vessel 300 could be indicated to be warm, hot, or very hot or to be cool, cold, or very cold. Thermochromatic image displays need not explicitly indicate temperature but could instead be merely decorative.
In certain practices, a curing stage may be provided for the adhesive and, additionally or alternatively, the release material. Individual labels are cut and formed to shape, or converted, by one or more effective cutting and forming processes, such as by die cutting, slitting, stamping, and wet or dry forming. The liner web and the labels converted from the facestock web are coupled in a facing relationship so that the labels have a first surface forming the thermochromatic display surface 12 and a second, opposite surface retaining a pattern of adhesive 24 and in contact with the release liner 100 so that the thermochromatic label 10 is removably adhered to the release liner 100 by the adhesive. Before or after one or more of these steps, one or more thermochromatic images 16, 18, and 20 and the fixed display image 22 are applied to the facestock 14, such as by printing or otherwise, to be visible from the first surface side of the facestock 14.
Once the thermochromatic labels 10 are formed, they can be released from the release liner 100 and applied to a vessel 300. Removal and application of the thermochromatic labels 10 can be carried out manually. Alternatively, as disclosed herein, thermochromatic labels 10 can be automatically removed from release liner 100 and applied to a lid 200 of a vessel 300 in an automated release and application process by release and application machinery constructed and operated, such as by computer programming, to accomplish the release and application process. The release and application process and machinery can remove the thermochromatic label 10 from the release liner 100 and then apply the label 10 to the protuberating label retention structure 206 of the lid 200 in an automated process or series of subprocesses.
The foregoing is not intended to, and shall not, limit the method for forming the labels 10 except as the claims may expressly specify. Different and fewer or additional materials and steps may be employed. The steps and the order of steps in the production of thermochromatic labels 10 can vary within the scope of the invention.
The thermochromatic labels 10 disclosed herein achieve a plurality of advantages. For instance, thermochromatic labels 10 are readily applied to and, potentially such as where a removable adhesive 24 is used, removed from a given vessel 300. Such labels 10 can be selectively applied, repositioned, recycled, and reused. Labels 10 can be interchanged between vessels 300. Labels 10 as disclosed herein can be applied to any lid 200 and any vessel 300, including disposable plastic lids 200 and vessels 300, but may be considered to have particularly advantageous function in relation to vessels 300 configured as disclosed herein. Labels 10 can be applied for optimal location based on the vessel 300 at hand and the goals of the user. Where the performance of prior art thermochromatic devices applied, for example, to the sidewall of a vessel may be hampered by being obscured by a hand of a user or an insulative sleeve, the present thermochromatic labels 10 can be applied to a lid 200 of a vessel 300 to be consistently visible, to be predictable and consistent in performance, and thereby to act as a consumer safety and protection mechanism and a measure of added convenience. A visual indication of the temperature condition of the contents of a vessel 300 can be had thereby eliminating a need for testing the vessel 300 or its contents and acting as a measure of defense against the consumption of liquid and foodstuffs that are in hazardous or otherwise undesirable temperature conditions.
The thermochromatic label system and method disclosed herein has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments that merely exemplify the broader invention revealed herein. Those skilled in the art can conceive of alternative embodiments while not incorporating all of the features included in the preferred embodiments. Therefore, the following claims are intended to define the scope of protection to be afforded the inventor, and the claims shall be deemed to include equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. A plurality of the following claims express certain elements as a means for performing a specific function, at times without the recital of structure or material. As the law demands, these claims shall be construed to cover not only the corresponding structure and material expressly described in the specification but also legally cognizable equivalents thereof.
