Patent Application
20190227331
The present disclosure relates to augmented reality eyewear, and more specifically to augmented reality eyewear implemented using waveguide technology.
BACKGROUND
Augmented reality eyewear displays virtual objects within a real-world field-of-view containing physical objects. Augmented reality technology is applicable in many instances and for many applications, such as game-playing, overlaying information about real-world objects within the eyewear user's field-of-view. Typically, the augmented reality eyewear receives an optical signal and displays the virtual object at a defined location within the field-of-view of the eyewear user. Several challenges exist, however, with the design of such eyewear and with the display of the virtual objects, particularly with respect to real-world physical objects that appear within the field-of-view of the eyewear user. First, real-world, physical, objects may be positioned at virtually any distance from the eyewear user, coordinating the focal plane of the displayed virtual object with the focal plane of a physical object such that the eyewear user is able to focus on both objects presents the first challenge. Second, augmented reality eyewear relies upon an an optical system that includes lenses and display technology such as waveguide layers that, packaging the lenses and display technology to maintain an acceptable level of optical transmittivity presents the second challenge. Third, the combination of lenses and display technology increases the weight of the augmented reality eyewear, maintaining the weight and balance of the eyewear to assure a comfortable user experience presents the third challenge.
Features and advantages of various embodiments of the claimed subject matter will become apparent as the following Detailed Description proceeds, and upon reference to the Drawings, wherein like numerals designate like parts, and in which:
Although the following Detailed Description will proceed with reference being made to illustrative embodiments, many alternatives, modifications and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The systems and methods disclosed herein beneficially aggregate lens layers, such as polycarbonate lenses used for correction of myopia and/or presbyopia, with up to three waveguide layers resulting in a multi-focal plane display that may be fabricated or manufactured to provide prescription lens behaviors. The systems and method disclosed herein beneficially provide lens structures suitable for use in augmented reality applications that have a transmittance of greater than 70%. The systems and methods disclosed herein beneficially provide a lightweight, form-fitting, eyewear that does not obstruct the eyewear user's field-of-view.
The systems and methods disclosed herein make use of two-dimensional (2D) waveguides. In particular, the systems and methods disclosed herein make use of a first waveguide layer that preferentially emits electromagnetic energy in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum and second waveguide layer that preferentially emits electromagnetic energy in the red to green portions of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. These waveguide layers may be combined to provide a waveguide that covers substantially all of the visible electromagnetic spectrum while maintaining a transmittance through the waveguide in excess of 80% and a waveguide thickness of less than 3.5 millimeters.
As used herein, the term “virtual object focal plane” refers to an apparent distance that a virtual object appears measured with respect to a waveguide producing the human-visible image of the virtual object.
As used herein, the terms “blue-green waveguide: and “BG waveguide” refer to a waveguide structure capable of propagating and emitting electromagnetic energy primarily in the blue to green visible electromagnetic spectrum, having wavelengths from about 380 nanometers to about 600 nanometers. Such BG waveguides may also propagate and emit electromagnetic energy in the green to red visible electromagnetic spectrum, although at lower levels relative to the propagation and emission of electromagnetic energy in the blue to green visible electromagnetic spectrum.
As used herein, the terms “red-green waveguide: and “RG waveguide” refer to a waveguide structure capable of propagating and emitting electromagnetic energy primarily in the red to green visible electromagnetic spectrum, having wavelengths from about 500 nanometers to about 790 nanometers. Such RG waveguides may also propagate and emit electromagnetic energy in the blue to green visible electromagnetic spectrum, although at lower levels relative to the propagation and emission of electromagnetic energy in the red to green visible electromagnetic spectrum.
As used herein, the term “light” refers to electromagnetic waves and/or electromagnetic energy occurring within all or a portion of the human-visible electromagnetic spectrum extending from wavelengths of from about 380 nanometers to about 790 nanometers.
Typically, an embedded virtual object is displayed at a fixed focal plane of about 3.5 to 5 meters in front of the lens structure while the plane of physical objects appearing in the field-of-view of the augmented reality eyewear user may be closer, for example at arm's length or about 1 meter. On the other hand, physical objects may appear at a variety of distances, some of which are vastly different than the 3.5 to 5 meter distance to the embedded virtual object. The difference in the apparent distance to embedded virtual objects and one or more physical objects causes eyestrain due to the accommodation-convergence conflict. That is, the viewer's eyes converge (rotate) upon a particular object that is at some distance. But to see that virtual object in focus, the user's eyes must also focus, or accommodate, to the accommodation distance. The need to refocus an augmented reality system user's eyes to accommodate the difference in the focal plane of the virtual object and the real-world position of the physical object creates stress on the user and may cause discomfort to the eyes of the augmented reality system user. The difference between the convergence distance and the accommodation distance causes eyestrain. Since the displays described here can render virtual objects at more than one accommodation distance, they can significantly reduce eyestrain. While one could use a plano-concave lens positioned between the waveguide providing the image of the virtual object and the augmented reality system user's eyes to “pull in” the focal plane of the virtual object to about 1 meter, such a lens would also tend to “pull in” the real-world, physical, object as well. Thus, a simple plano-concave lens may reduce, but does not eliminate the eye stress caused by the difference in the focal plane of the virtual object and the apparent physical location of the real-world object.
The systems and methods described herein provide lens structures in which optical lenses (e.g., plano-convex and plano-concave lenses) are combined with blue-green waveguide (hereinafter “BG waveguide”) and red-green waveguide (hereinafter, “RG-waveguide” layers to provide an augmented reality having a multiple focal planes for virtual objects displayed by the waveguide layers. In embodiments, one, two, three, or four (or more) virtual object focal planes may be similarly accommodated using a lens structure containing a number of lenses, BG waveguides, and RG waveguides.
An augmented reality vision system is provided. The augmented reality vision system may include: a lens structure including: a waveguide coupleable to an image source, the waveguide having a first surface and a transversely opposed second surface, the waveguide to: output a human-visible image of a virtual object using at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and pass at least a portion of electromagnetic energy reflected by a physical object appearing within a field-of-view of the lens structure; a first optical element disposed proximate the second surface of the waveguide, the first optical element positioned between the waveguide and an augmented reality system user, the first optical element to: pass the human-visible image of the virtual object and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the lens structure; and draw the human-visible virtual object from a first, relatively distant, virtual object focal plane to a second, relatively close, virtual object focal plane; a second optical element disposed proximate the first surface of the waveguide, the first convex optical element to: pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the lens structure; and cause the physical object to appear to the augmented reality system user at a distance about equal to the second, relatively close, virtual object focal plane.
An augmented reality eyewear apparatus is provided. The augmented reality eyewear apparatus may include: a first lens structure having a first optical axis and a minimum transmissivity of at least 70%, the first lens structure including: a first waveguide disposed transverse to the first optical axis and positioned at least partially between a plano-concave optical element and an augmented reality eyewear user and a plano-convex optical element positioned on a side of the first waveguide opposite the first optical element, the first waveguide to output a human-visible image of a virtual object using at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; the plano-concave optical element to pass the human-visible image of the virtual object and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the first lens structure; and the plano-convex optical element to pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the first lens structure; a second lens structure having a second optical axis and a minimum transmissivity of at least 70%, the second lens structure including: a second waveguide disposed transverse to the second optical axis and positioned at least partially between a plano-concave optical element and the augmented reality eyewear user and a plano-convex optical element positioned on a side of the second waveguide opposite the first optical element, the second waveguide to output a human-visible image of a virtual object using at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; the plano-concave optical element to pass at least a portion of the human-visible image of a virtual object and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the second lens structure; and the plano-convex optical element to pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the second lens structure; and a frame physically coupling the first lens structure to the second lens structure.
The first optical element 130 may be positioned or otherwise disposed proximate the waveguide 120, between a surface of the waveguide 120 and the augmented reality system user 102. By positioning the first optical element 130 between the waveguide 120 and the augmented reality system user 102, the image of the virtual object 160 passes through the first optical element 130. The first optical element draws the virtual object 160 from the first virtual object focal plane 162 to a second virtual object focal plane 164 relatively closer to the lens structure 110. Additionally, since the ambient light reflected from the physical object 170 also passes through the first optical element 130, the apparent distance between the lens structure 110 and the physical object 170 is reduced from the first distance 172 to a second distance 174 closer to the lens structure 110.
To correct the apparent distance between the physical object 170 and the lens structure 110, a second optical element 140 may be disposed proximate the waveguide 120 in transverse opposition to the first optical element 130. The second optical element 140 corrects the apparent distance between the lens structure 110 and the physical object 170 such that the apparent distance between the lens structure 110 and the physical object 170 is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164. Since the image of the virtual object 160 does not pass through the second optical element 140, the position of the virtual object 160 remains at the first virtual object focal plane 164. Thus, both the virtual object 160 and the physical object 170 appear in focus to the augmented reality system user 102, with both objects focused on the a single plane 150.
The waveguide 120 may include one or more full-spectrum, single-layer waveguides capable of passing all or a portion of the human-visible electromagnetic spectrum. The waveguide 120 may include one or more single-layer BG waveguides 120A, one or more single-layer RG waveguides 120B, or any combination thereof. The waveguide 20 may include any number and/or combination of currently available and/or future developed waveguide structures, including but not limited to: one or more diffractive waveguides, one or more reflective waveguides, one or more polarization-based waveguides, one or more holographic waveguides, and similar. In embodiments, the waveguide 120 may include a single-layer BG waveguide 120A disposed proximate a single-layer RG waveguide 120B, such as depicted in the example embodiment in
The first optical element 130 may include a simple lens or a compound lens system. In embodiments, the first optical element 130 includes a plano-concave lens disposed proximate the first surface of the waveguide 120. The first optical element 130 may include one or more lenses fabricated using one or more materials such as glass, polycarbonate, plastic, high-index plastic, and similar. The first optical element 130 draws 132A the virtual object 160 from the relatively distant first virtual object focal plane 162 to the relatively closer second virtual object focal plane 164. The first optical element 130 also draws 132A the apparent distance between the lens structure 110 and the physical object 170 from a relatively distant first distance 172 to a relatively closer second distance 174.
The second optical element 140 may include a simple lens or a compound lens system. In embodiments, the second optical element 140 includes a plano-convex lens disposed proximate the second surface of the waveguide 120, transversely opposite the first optical element 130. The second optical element 140 may include one or more lenses fabricated using one or more materials such as glass, polycarbonate, plastic, high-index plastic, and similar. The second optical element 140 pushes 142A the apparent distance between the lens structure 110 and the physical object 170 from the relatively close second distance 174 to the relatively distant first distance 172. In embodiments, the first distance 174 may be equal to or approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164 such that the virtual object 160 and the physical object 170 appear on the same focal plane 150 to the augmented reality system user 102. In embodiments, the first lens structure 110 may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%.
In embodiments, the first waveguide 1201 may include a single layer waveguide or two layer waveguide. The first waveguide 1201 may include a two layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The first lens system 110 A may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the first lens system 110A may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the first lens system 110A.
In embodiments, the second waveguide 1202 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The second waveguide 1202 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. Although not depicted in
In the embodiment depicted in
The first waveguide 1201 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The first waveguide 1201 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The second waveguide 1202 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The first waveguide 1202 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The first lens structure 110A may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the first lens system 110A may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the first lens structure 110A.
The third waveguide 1203 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The third waveguide 1203 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The second lens structure 110B includes the first optical element 130 and the second optical element 140 such that a virtual object 340 appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164 and the apparent distance to a physical object positioned in the field-of-view of the augmented reality eyewear system 300A also appears at a distance that is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164. The second lens structure 110B may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the second lens system 110B may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the second lens structure 110B.
As depicted in
In addition, the first lens structure 110A includes the first optical element 130 and the second optical element 140 such that apparent distance to a physical object positioned in the field-of-view of the augmented reality eyewear system 300A appears at a distance that is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164. Similarly, the second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality system user 102 to focus on both a first virtual object 340 that appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164 and a second virtual object 350 that appears at the relatively distant first virtual object focal plane 162. In addition, the second lens structure 110B includes the first optical element 130 and the second optical element 140 such that apparent distance to a physical object positioned in the field-of-view of the augmented reality eyewear system 300B appears at a distance that is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164.
The first waveguide 1201 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The first waveguide 1201 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The second waveguide 1202 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The second waveguide 1202 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The first lens structure 110A may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the first lens system 110A may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the first lens structure 110A.
The first waveguide 1203 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The first waveguide 1203 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The second waveguide 1204 may include a single layer waveguide or two-layer waveguide. The second waveguide 1204 may include a two-layer waveguide that includes one or more BG waveguides 120A and one or more RB waveguides 120B. The second lens structure 110B may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the second lens system 110B may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the second lens structure 110B.
The third optical element 410 included in the first lens structure 110A may include a simple lens or a compound lens system. In embodiments, the third optical element 410 includes a plano-concave lens disposed proximate a first surface of the second waveguide 1202. The third optical element 410 may include one or more lenses fabricated using one or more materials such as glass, polycarbonate, plastic, high-index plastic, and similar.
As depicted in
The second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality eyewear system user 102 to focus on both a first virtual object 450 that appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164 and a second virtual object 460 that appears at the relatively distant first virtual object focal plane 162. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the first virtual object 450 to appear at the first virtual object focal plane 174 of about 70 centimeters (cm) and the second virtual object 460 to appear at a relatively distant virtual object focal plane 162 of about 700 cm. In addition, the first optical element 130 and the second optical element 140 included in the second lens structure 110B causes physical objects positioned in the field-of-view of the second lens structure 110B to appear to the augmented reality eyewear system user 102 at a distance that is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164 (i.e., at an apparent distance of about 70 cm).
The first lens structure 110A may include one or more multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 400 depicted in
The second lens structure 110B may include one or more multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 400 depicted in
The second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality eyewear system user 102 to observe a virtual object 530 that appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the virtual object 530 to appear at the first virtual object focal plane 164 of about 70 cm. In addition, the first optical element 130 and the second optical element 140 included in the second lens structure 110B causes physical objects positioned in the field-of-view of the second lens structure 110B to appear to the augmented reality eyewear system user 102 at a distance that is approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane 164 (i.e., at an apparent distance of about 70 cm).
The first lens structure 110A includes the first, single-layer, RG waveguide 1201 and the second, single-layer, BG waveguide 1202. When combined with the second lens structure 110B, virtual objects 510 and 530 will appear in stereo in the red-green electromagnetic spectrum and virtual object 520 will appear in mono in the blue-green electromagnetic spectrum through the first lens structure 110A. The first lens structure 110A may have a transmittivity of: greater than about 60%; greater than about 70%; greater than about 75%; greater than about 80%; or greater than about 85%. In embodiments, the first lens structure 110A may have a thickness of about: 10 millimeters (mm) or less; 9 mm or less; 8 mm or less; or 7 mm or less measured along the optical axis of the first lens structure 110A.
The second lens structure 110B may include one or more multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 500 depicted in
As depicted in
Further, the augmented reality eyewear system 600 permits the augmented reality system user 102 to use the second lens structure 110A to observe virtual object 640 using both the blue-green and the red-green portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Using the second lens structure 110B , virtual object 640 appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the virtual object 640 to appear at the second, relatively close, virtual object focal plane 164 of about 70 cm. The second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality system user 102 to observe virtual object 630 in the red-green electromagnetic spectrum at the relatively distant first virtual object focal plane 162. For example, the second lens structure 110A may cause the virtual object 630 to appear in the red-green electromagnetic spectrum at the first virtual object focal plane 162 of about 350 cm.
As depicted in
The first lens structure 110A may include one or more multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 600 depicted in
The second lens structure 110B may include one or more multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 600 depicted in
Within the first lens structure 110A, an optically transparent fill material 710 having a refractive index similar to that of the material(s) used to fabricate the first optical element 130 may be disposed to at least partially fill the hemispherical void spaces between the plano-concave first optical element 130 and the second BG waveguide 1202 and also between the second optical element 720 and the third RG waveguide 1203. Similarly, within the second lens structure 110B, an optically transparent fill material 710 having a refractive index similar to that of the material(s) used to fabricate the first optical element 130 may be disposed to at least partially fill the hemispherical void spaces between the plano-concave first optical element 130 and the fifth RG waveguide 1205 and also between the second optical element 720 and the sixth BG waveguide 1206.
As depicted in
Further, the augmented reality eyewear system 700 permits the augmented reality system user 102 to use the second lens structure 110A to observe virtual object 770 using both the blue-green and the red-green portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Using the second lens structure 110B, virtual object 770 appears at the relatively close second virtual object focal plane 164. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the virtual object 770 to appear at the second, relatively close, virtual object focal plane 164 of about 70 cm. The second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality system user 102 to observe virtual object 780 at the first intermediate virtual object focal plane 752. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the virtual object 780 to appear at the first intermediate virtual object focal plane 752 of about 120 cm. The second lens structure 110B permits the augmented reality system user 102 to observe virtual object 790 primarily in the blue-green electromagnetic spectrum at the relatively distant first virtual object focal plane 162. For example, the second lens structure 110B may cause the virtual object 790 to appear primarily in the blue-green electromagnetic spectrum at the first virtual object focal plane 162 of about 350cm. p As depicted in
The first lens structure 110A may include one or more single- and/or multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 700 depicted in
The second lens structure 110B may include one or more single- and/or multi-layer waveguides 120. In embodiments, such as the illustrative augmented reality system 700 depicted in
For example, as depicted in
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As used in this application and in the claims, a list of items joined by the term “and/or” can mean any combination of the listed items. For example, the phrase “A, B and/or C” can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C. As used in this application and in the claims, a list of items joined by the term “at least one of” can mean any combination of the listed terms. For example, the phrases “at least one of A, B or C” can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C.
As used in any embodiment herein, the terms “system” or “module” may refer to, for example, software, firmware and/or circuitry configured to perform any of the aforementioned operations. Software may be embodied as a software package, code, instructions, instruction sets and/or data recorded on non-transitory computer readable storage mediums and/or devices. Firmware may be embodied as code, instructions or instruction sets and/or data that are hard-coded (e.g., nonvolatile) in memory devices.
As used in any embodiment herein, the term “circuitry” may comprise, for example, singly or in any combination, hardwired circuitry, programmable circuitry such as computer processors comprising one or more individual instruction processing cores, state machine circuitry, and/or firmware that stores instructions executed by programmable circuitry or future computing paradigms including, for example, massive parallelism, analog or quantum computing, hardware embodiments of accelerators such as neural net processors and non-silicon implementations of the above. The circuitry may, collectively or individually, be embodied as circuitry that forms part of a larger system, for example, an integrated circuit (IC), system on-chip (SoC), desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, servers, smartphones, etc.
Any of the operations described herein may be implemented in a system that includes one or more mediums (e.g., non-transitory storage mediums) having stored therein, individually or in combination, instructions that when executed by one or more processors perform the methods. Here, the processor may include, for example, a server CPU, a mobile device CPU, and/or other programmable circuitry. Also, it is intended that operations described herein may be distributed across a plurality of physical devices, such as processing structures at more than one different physical location. The storage medium may include any type of tangible medium, for example, any type of disk including hard disks, floppy disks, optical disks, compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROMs), compact disk rewritables (CD-RWs), and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor devices such as read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs) such as dynamic and static RAMs, erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable programmable read-only memories (EEPROMs), flash memories, Solid State Disks (SSDs), embedded multimedia cards (eMMCs), secure digital input/output (SDIO) cards, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions. Other embodiments may be implemented as software executed by a programmable control device.
Thus, the present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for providing an augmented reality system having one or more optical structures capable of resolving virtual objects on one or more virtual object focal planes while providing a sufficient level of transmittivity and optical correction to simultaneously resolve real-world, physical, objects. The lens structures include a plurality of waveguide layers including waveguide layers demonstrating red-green sensitivity and waveguide layers demonstrating blue-green sensitivity. One or more plano-concave lenses may be used to draw virtual objects from a relatively distant first virtual object focal plane to a relatively closer second virtual object focal plane. One or more plano-convex lenses may be used to cause physical objects to appear at a distance from the augmented reality eyewear system approximately equal to the second virtual object focal plane.
The following examples pertain to further embodiments. The following examples of the present disclosure may comprise subject material such as at least one device, a method, at least one machine-readable medium for storing instructions that when executed cause a machine to perform acts based on the method, means for providing an augmented reality system having one or more optical structures capable of resolving virtual objects on one or more virtual object focal planes while providing a sufficient level of transmittivity and optical correction to simultaneously resolve real-world, physical, objects.
According to example 1, there is provided an augmented reality vision system. The system may include: a lens structure including: a waveguide emissive of at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the waveguide having a first surface and a transversely opposed second surface, the waveguide to: receive one or more signals including data associated with a virtual object and to emit the electromagnetic energy associated with the virtual object; and pass at least a portion of electromagnetic energy reflected by a physical object appearing within a field-of-view of the lens structure; a first optical element disposed proximate the second surface of the waveguide, the first optical element positioned between the waveguide and a user's eye; the first optical element to: pass at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy associated with the virtual object emitted by the waveguide and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the lens structure; and cause the augmented reality object to focus at a second focal plane; a second optical element disposed proximate the first surface of the waveguide, the first convex optical element to: pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the lens structure; and cause the physical object to appear at the second focal plane.
Example 2 may include elements of example 1 where the waveguide may additionally include: a first waveguide emissive of a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and a second waveguide emissive of a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second waveguide disposed proximate the first waveguide such that the first waveguide provides at least a portion of the first surface of the waveguide and the second waveguide provides at least a portion of the second surface of the waveguide.
Example 3 may include elements of any of examples 1 or 2 where the first optical element comprises a plano-concave optical element; and where the second optical element comprises a plano-convex optical element.
Example 4 may include elements of any of examples 1 through 3 where the first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum includes at least visible wavelengths from about 390 nanometers to about 600 nm; and where the second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum includes at least visible wavelengths from about 500 nm to about 760 nm.
Example 5 may include elements of any of examples 1 through 4 where the waveguide comprises a waveguide having a thickness measured along an optical axis of the lens structure of about 3.5 millimeters or less.
Example 6 may include elements of any of examples 1 through 5 where the lens structure comprises a lens having a thickness measured along the optical axis of the lens structure of about 8 millimeters or less.
Example 7 may include elements of any of examples 1 through 6 where the lens structure comprises a lens structure having a transmittivity of at least 70%.
According to example 8, there is provided an augmented reality eyewear apparatus. The apparatus may include: a first lens structure having a first optical axis and a minimum transmittivity of at least 70%, the first lens structure including: a first waveguide disposed transverse to the first optical axis and positioned at least partially between a plano-concave optical element positioned between the first waveguide and a user's eye and a plano-convex optical element positioned on a side of the first waveguide opposite the first optical element, the first waveguide to emit an image of a virtual object using at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; the plano-concave optical element to pass at least a portion of the emitted electromagnetic energy associated with the virtual object and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by a physical object appearing within a field-of-view of the first lens structure; and the plano-convex optical element to pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the lens structure; a second lens structure having a second optical axis and a minimum transmittivity of at least 70%, the second lens structure including: a second waveguide disposed transverse to the second optical axis and positioned at least partially between a plano-concave optical element positioned between the second waveguide and the user's eye and a plano-convex optical element positioned on a side of the second waveguide opposite the first optical element, the second waveguide to emit an image of a virtual object using at least a portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; the plano-concave optical element to pass at least a portion of the emitted electromagnetic energy associated with the virtual object and at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the second lens structure; and the plano-convex optical element to pass only the electromagnetic energy reflected by the physical object appearing within the field-of-view of the second lens structure; and a frame physically coupling the first lens structure to the second lens structure.
Example 9 may include elements of example 8 where, in the first lens structure: the first waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed between the plan-concave optical element and the plano-convex optical element and a second waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the user's eye to provide a dual focal plane first lens structure.
Example 10 may include elements of any of examples 8 or 9 where, in the second lens structure, the second waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the plano-convex optical element and a second waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the user's eye to provide a dual focal plane first lens structure.
Example 11 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 10 where the first lens structure further includes a second plano-concave optical element; where the first waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the plano-convex optical element and a second waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the second plano-concave optical element; user's eye to provide a dual focal plane first lens structure; and where the second waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the plano-convex optical element and a second waveguide portion disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the user's eye to provide a dual focal plane second lens structure.
Example 12 may include elements 8 through 11 where the first waveguide portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second waveguide portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including primarily wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 13 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 12 where, in the second lens structure, the second waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed between the first optical element and the second optical element and a second waveguide portion disposed between the second optical element and the user's eye to provide a dual focal plane first lens structure; where the first waveguide portion of the second waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second waveguide portion of the second waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 14 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 13 where the first waveguide portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the first portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second waveguide portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 15 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 14 where the second waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed proximate a second waveguide portion; where the first portion of the second waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the first portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second waveguide portion of the second waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 16 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 15 where the first lens structure includes a second waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second waveguide disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the user's eye, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where, in the first lens structure, where the first waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed proximate a second waveguide portion; where the first portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the first portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; where the second lens structure includes a second waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second waveguide disposed between the plano-concave optical element and the user's eye, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where, in the second lens structure, where the first waveguide comprises a first waveguide portion disposed proximate a second waveguide portion; where the first portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the first portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second portion of the first waveguide comprises a waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, the second portion of the electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 17 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 16 where the first waveguide included in the first lens structure includes a waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum that includes wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; where the first lens structure provides three focal planes and further includes: a second plano-concave lens; a third plano-concave lens; a second waveguide positioned between the plano-concave lens and the second plano-concave lens, the second waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum that includes wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and a third waveguide positioned between the second plano-concave lens and the third plano-concave lens, the third waveguide to emit the first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; wherein the first waveguide included in the second lens structure includes a waveguide to emit the second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; wherein the second lens structure provides three focal planes and further includes: a second plano-concave lens; a second waveguide positioned between the plano-concave lens and the second plano-concave lens, the second waveguide to emit the first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and a third waveguide positioned between the second plano-concave lens and the user's eye, the third waveguide to emit the second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
Example 18 may include elements of any of examples 8 through 17 where the first lens structure further comprises a second waveguide disposed transverse to the first optical axis and positioned between the plano-concave lens and the user's eye: the second waveguide to emit a first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum that includes wavelengths in the red to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and the first waveguide to emit a second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum that includes wavelengths in the blue to green portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and where the second lens structure further comprises a second waveguide disposed transverse to the second optical axis and positioned between the plano-concave lens and the user's eye: the second waveguide in the second lens structure to emit the second portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum; and the first waveguide in the second lens structure to emit the first portion of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
The terms and expressions which have been employed herein are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described (or portions thereof), and it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the claims are intended to cover all such equivalents. Various features, aspects, and embodiments have been described herein. The features, aspects, and embodiments are susceptible to combination with one another as well as to variation and modification, as will be understood by those having skill in the art. The present disclosure should, therefore, be considered to encompass such combinations, variations, and modifications.
As described herein, various embodiments may be implemented using hardware elements, software elements, or any combination thereof. Examples of hardware elements may include processors, microprocessors, circuits, circuit elements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and so forth), integrated circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLD), digital signal processors (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA), logic gates, registers, semiconductor device, chips, microchips, chip sets, and so forth.
Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
