Patent Application
20190208158
The present invention relates to 3D displays configurable for use in coordination with soundscaping.
Open office environments are used in many businesses, where they can promote collaboration among workers while making efficient utilization of office space. A problem associated with open office environments relates to distraction that can be caused by activity of coworkers in the space.
Technologies have been developed to reduce distraction, by for example projecting sounds, such as so-called white or pink noise, into the environment that mask distracting sounds. However, noise masking techniques can become uncomfortable to workers in the space over time as they become aware of, or effected by, the masking sounds. Natural or biophilic sounds have been used in order to reduce the discomfort generated by white or pink noise. However, over time even natural sounds can become less effective in a soundscape environment.
Visual elements have been added to soundscape environments that can contribute to a sense of natural surroundings in an open office environment, in coordination with natural sounds. For example, high definition displays have been used to display water features or other natural scenes to serve as a visual justification for the presence of the sound. Such displays however create high definition images on a flat and shapeless form. Furthermore these devices are expensive. Also, completely defined, high definition visuals can create a distraction because they are not able to blend in with a viewer's surrounding environment, and they are not able to actively be altered without noticeable and unrealistic cuts or edits/loops. Also such displays have restrictive viewing angles and are cumbersome to mount in areas where a viewer could arrive with multiple angles of approach.
It is desirable therefore to provide technologies to improve the soundscape technology that can mask distractions in open office environments.
For the sole purposes of introduction of the description herein, a summary is provided in this section.
A 3D display technology is provided based on the use of arrays of LED pixels which directly light diffuser panels in order to produce tuned, diffused images having a 3D effect recognizable by the viewer. The resulting diffused, time varying images are both distinguishable and interpretable by a viewer. Embodiments of 3D displays as described herein allow for dynamic changes to the time varying images, such as colors and temperatures which vary over time producing visuals without distracting or noticeable edits in the ongoing time varying image.
A display apparatus is described that comprises a LED array, LED pixels in the LED array emitting light with viewing angles θ. A transmissive diffuser panel is mounted with the LED array, having a directly lit, non-planar diffuser panel surface spaced away from the LED array by at least distance D, the distance D and the viewing angles θ being effective to merge illumination from multiple LED pixels in the LED array on the directly lit diffuser panel surface. A controller is connected to the LED array having circuitry to control the LED array in response to image data to induce display via the diffuser panel of a time varying image with spatially varying colors and intensities.
In embodiments described herein, at least a portion of the directly lit, non-planar diffuser panel surface establishes lateral viewing angles when the apparatus is disposed as a ceiling mounted fixture, improving the experience for many angles of approach by a viewer.
In combination, the lateral viewing angles and the formation of diffused images on a directly lit diffuser panel surface create a three-dimensional effect arising from variations in colors and intensities in the diffused image, and the directly lit, non-planar surfaces of the diffuser panel.
Other aspects and advantages of the present technology can be seen on review of the drawings, the detailed description and the claims, which follow.
A detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the
The soundscape system includes a computer system 120 which can execute soundscape server programs in this example which manage operation of the components of the soundscape system. In other examples, computer system 120 can be an on-premises network node, and include a communication link to a remote network node which executes soundscape management services, by which the soundscape is coordinated using cloud-based soundscape server programs accessed for example via the Internet.
As illustrated in
A plurality of speakers 130, 131, 132, 133 is arrayed around the workspace 100, in the ceiling in this example is used to generate a soundscape sound. An audio driver 129 drives the soundscape tracks to produce the sound provided by the soundscape server via the computer system 120. The sound can comprise biophilic or natural sounds, such as flowing water and a gentle breeze through leaves.
The system includes a wall mounted display 121 which plays video content provided by a video player 123, which is in turn coupled to the computer system 120. The display 121 can be characterized as a digital window.
The system includes ceiling mounted 3D display 122 which plays video content provided by a video player 124, which is in turn coupled to the computer system 120. The 3D display 122 can be coupled to a source of image data that causes generation of interpretable time varying image suggestive of a source of the sound in the environment. The displayed time varying image can comprise images interpretable as flowing water for example, or leaves moving in a gentle breeze. As described below, the time varying image need not reproduce an image with high definition, but rather can comprise a diffused image in which variations in intensity and color evoke 3D effects for a viewer. Examples of 3D displays which can be used as display 122 in the illustrate example, are described below with reference to
The source of image data can be an on premises server 120, a cloud-based server accessed via the internet, or other source. There may be a plurality of ceiling mounted 3D displays coupled via an amplifier on line 125 to the video player 124. A controller for the 3D display is coupled to a source of image data that causes generation of an interpretable time varying image suggestive of a natural source of the sound in some embodiments.
In this example, a distraction sensor 140 is coupled via an amplifier on line 139 to the computer system 120, the output of which can be utilized by the soundscape server programs to adjust and change the soundscape audio track and video content being executed at any particular time.
A soundscape as illustrated in
The 3D display includes a transmissive diffuser panel 201 (shown as clear in the figure for the purposes of showing its relationship to the underlying structure), which is mounted with an LED array 203. The LED array 203 is arranged on a cylindrical form. The LED array has a surface 202 and emits light in a radial pattern to directly light a back surface of the transmissive diffuser panel 201. The transmissive diffuser panel 201 has a cylindrical diffuser panel surface that is directly lit by the LED array.
The 3D display shown in
A time varying image can be produced on a non-planar diffuser panel surface spaced away from and concentric with the cylindrical form of the LED array. This allows production of a diffused image having radial viewing directions (e.g. 215, 216), which face laterally relative to a plane of a ceiling on which this fixture is mounted.
As can be seen, the LED modules arrange LED pixels in an array having a horizontal pitch and a vertical pitch (pixel pitches), which are equal in the illustrated example. For representative embodiments, the horizontal and vertical pitches can be 8 to 10 mm, although a wide range of pitches are available and can be adopted for particular implementations.
Each LED pixel can comprise colored LEDs. In a representative system, each LED pixel includes red, green and blue LEDs, and can be used to generate colored light in the RGB color space. A representative LED module can be operated with a brightness of greater than 1200 cd/m2 (candela per meter squared), although in the production of time varying images maximum brightness may not be utilized.
The LED pixels in the LED modules emit light with relatively broad viewing angles, where a viewing angle is defined as the angle relative to a surface normal to the LED at which light intensity is 50% of its maximum value. The viewing angle can be different in horizontal and vertical directions in some embodiments. In representative embodiments, LED pixels having a viewing angle of 50° to 80° might be utilized.
LED modules such as that shown in
As described herein, the diffuser panel is disposed over the LED array so that it is directly lit by the LED pixels in the array. Also, the diffuser panel is spaced away from the LED array by a distance D sufficient to diffuse the light emitted by the LED array so that the individual LED pixels are not distinguishable by a viewer (no twinkle from individual LED pixels), or otherwise do not detract from the image being produced. The diffuser panel however must be close enough to the LED array however that the direct light on any given point on the panel does not include contributions from so many LED pixels as to wash out definition of an image represented by the image data. Thus the spacing must be close enough that the diffused image produced by the direct lighting can be interpreted by the viewer. For example, a diffused image can be produced that is suggestive of a source of sound in a soundscape environment as discussed above.
In
The LED pixels on the module 300 are arranged in an array having a pixel pitch P, where the pixel pitch is the spacing from the center of one LED pixel to the center of its adjacent LED pixel along one of the X and Y axes of the array.
In
As illustrated, the pixel 303 has a right side ray trace 310 which intersects the directly lit diffuser panel surface at a position that is to the right of pixel 303. Likewise, the LED pixel 307 has a left side ray trace 311 which intersects the directly lit diffuser panel surface at a position to the left of pixel 304.
A zone of illumination around a particular LED pixel has an area which is a function of its viewing angle θ/2 and the distance D. Assuming that the zone of illumination is circular, the zone of illumination will have a radius R equal to about D*tan(θ/2) for a flat directly lit diffuser panel surface. For a curved directly lit diffuser panel surface, the radius R of the zone of illumination will project on the directly lit diffuser surface, making a slightly different radius on curved surface.
For a pixel pitch P of about 10 mm with a flat LED module, it is found that the distance D in a representative embodiment must be about 27 mm plus or minus about 10% in order to maintain an interpretable image with a diffuser panel comprising a textured polycarbonate sheet 0.125 inches thick, while substantially eliminating the twinkle from individual LED pixels in the array, where twinkle is defined as areas of intensity on the diffuser panel that are recognizable by a view as emission from a particular LED.
It can be seen in
For a pixel pitch of about 8 mm with a curved LED module, such as shown in
The distance D can be determined experimentally for a given environment in which the 3D display is to be deployed, and for particular implementations of the LED module and diffuser panel. It is found that the distance D should fall within a range that is relatively narrow in order to maintain the quality of having an interpretable image without twinkle from individual LED pixels. In some embodiments, an effective distance D is between two times and five times the LED pixel pitch. In some embodiments, an effective distance D is selected so that D*tan(θ/2) is greater than five times the LED pixel pitch on at least one axis of the LED array. In some embodiments, the distance D is tuned so that time varying images regions of contrasting intensity produce a three dimensional image effect. In some embodiments, the distance D is tuned so that time varying images produced do not include twinkle, but remain interpretable by human observers.
Transmissive diffuser panels used in 3D displays as described herein can comprise a variety materials. The materials are chosen to diffuse the illumination from the LED array so that the individual LED pixels blur and blend to make an interpretable viewing experience. Representative materials can include acrylic sheets, polycarbonate sheets, polycarbonate films which have sanded or textured surfaces, impregnated with light diffusing additives, or both textured and combined with light diffusing additives. Diffuser panel materials can be cut, formed and molded into complex shapes, including cylindrical shapes as described herein. Diffuse panel materials are available commercially from a variety of sources, including Covestro AG, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 60, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany; Excelite, 908RuiQi Building 668#, Fengting Street S Suzhou, China; and Curbell Plastics, Inc., 7 Cobham Drive, Orchard Park, N.Y.
According to embodiments of a 3D display as described herein, the pixel pitch of the LED pixels, the distance D between the LED module and the directly lit surface of the diffuser panel, and the viewing angle in combination are effective to merge illumination for multiple LED pixels in the LED array on the directly lit diffuser panel surface, and can be tuned to achieve the interpretable, 3D image effects described herein.
The assembly of
In the illustrated example, the LED array 510 is disposed in an array of modules so that the LED pixels are spaced away from the directly lit surface of the diffuser panel 500 by the distance D, over at least a major region parallel to the planar mount, portion of the diffuser panel 500. LED pixels near the edges of the LED array illuminate the curved perimeter regions 502 and 503 of the diffuser panel to a degree effective to enhance a three-dimensional effect of the time varying image. An image created on the directly lit surface of the diffuser panel 500 is viewable both vertically (on arrow 515) and laterally (on arrows 512, 513).
A plurality of posts, or cables, (e.g. 530, 531) are connected to the base to provide for mounting the fixture on a ceiling.
The assembly of
A perspective view of the three sided prism embodiment is shown in
The fixture of
It will be appreciated that a variety of three-dimensional shapes can be utilized to provide for lateral viewing of a 3D display based on directly lit diffuser panels as described herein.
While the present invention is disclosed by reference to the preferred embodiments and examples detailed above, it is to be understood that these examples are intended in an illustrative rather than in a limiting sense. It is contemplated that modifications and combinations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, which modifications and combinations will be within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the following claims.
