Patent Application
20150306917
The present disclosure relates to a tire having a circumferential tread with a plurality of lugs or other tread elements disposed thereon. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a tire having a circumferential tread with a plurality of lugs or other tread elements, with at least one having a rounded surface disposed between a wall and a top surface.
Tires having circumferential treads with tread elements, such as lugs, blocks, or ribs, are known in the art. Such tread elements are often composed of planar surfaces. However, some tread elements are known to include curved surfaces. Some tread elements include sipes, or thin slits, to improve traction.
In one embodiment, a tire includes a circumferential tread having a tread element disposed thereon. The tread element includes a front wall, a top surface, and a curved tread element surface extending from the front wall to the top surface. At least one sipe or slot is disposed in the tread element. The sipe is defined by at least two sipe walls, including a first sipe wall and a second sipe wall, and a curved sipe surface extending from the first sipe wall to the top surface of the tread element.
In another embodiment, a tire having a circumferential tread includes a plurality of tread elements. At least one tread element has a sipe or slot disposed therein. The sipe is defined by a first sipe wall, a second sipe wall, and a curved sipe surface extending from the first sipe wall to a top surface of the at least one tread element.
In yet another embodiment, a tire includes a circumferential tread having a plurality of lugs separated by grooves. At least one lug includes a first lug wall, a top surface, and a curved lug surface extending from the first lug wall to the top surface. The curved lug surface has a length that is no greater than 20% of a total length of the combined top surface and curved lug surface.
In the accompanying drawings, structures are illustrated that, together with the detailed description provided below, describe exemplary embodiments of the claimed invention. Like elements are identified with the same reference numerals. It should be understood that elements shown as a single component may be replaced with multiple components, and elements shown as multiple components may be replaced with a single component. The drawings are not to scale and the proportion of certain elements may be exaggerated for the purpose of illustration.
The following includes definitions of selected terms employed herein. The definitions include various examples or forms of components that fall within the scope of a term and that may be used for implementation. The examples are not intended to be limiting. Both singular and plural forms of terms may be within the definitions.
“Axial” and “axially” refer to a direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation of a tire.
“Circumferential” and “circumferentially” refer to a direction extending along the perimeter of the surface of the tread perpendicular to the axial direction.
“Equatorial plane” refers to the plane that is perpendicular to the tire's axis of rotation and passes through the center of the tire's tread.
“Rib” or “ribs” define the circumferential extending strip or strips of rubber on the tread that is defined by at least one circumferential groove and either a second wide groove or a lateral edge of the tread.
“Tread” refers to that portion of the tire that comes into contact with the road under normal inflation and load.
Directions are stated herein with reference to the axis of rotation of the tire. The terms “upward” and “upwardly” refer to a general direction towards the tread of the tire, whereas “downward” and “downwardly” refer to the general direction towards the axis of rotation of the tire. Thus, when relative directional terms such as “upper” and “lower” or “top” and “bottom” are used in connection with an element, the “upper” or “top” element is spaced closer to the tread than the “lower” or “bottom” element. Additionally, when relative directional terms such as “above” or “below” are used in connection with an element, an element that is “above” another element is closer to the tread than the other element.
The terms “inward” and “inwardly” refer to a general direction towards the equatorial plane of the tire, whereas “outward” and “outwardly” refer to a general direction away from the equatorial plane of the tire and towards the sidewall of the tire. Thus, when relative directional terms such as “inner” and “outer” are used in connection with an element, the “inner” element is spaced closer to the equatorial plane of the tire than the “outer” element.
The tread element 100 includes a curved surface 140 extending from the first wall 110 to the top surface 130, while the second wall 120 forms an edge with the top surface 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the curved surface 140 is defined by a single radius R1. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the curved surface is defined by a plurality of radii.
In one embodiment, the curved surface 140 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 130 of the tread element 100. Additionally, the curved surface 140 has a length that is substantially greater than its height. In one known embodiment, the curved surface has a height of 0.015 inches (0.38 mm), a length of 0.058 inches (1.47 mm), and is defined by a radius of 0.126 inches (3.20 mm). In another known embodiment, the curved surface has a height of 0.025 inches (0.64 mm), a length of 0.096 inches (2.44 mm), and is defined by a radius of 0.283 inches (7.19 mm). It should be understood that these dimensions may be scaled up or down. It should be further understood that the dimensions may be changed entirely. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the height of the curved surface may be greater than its length.
As one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, when a brake force is applied to a tire, tread elements begin to shear. As a tread element shears, the normal force shifts away from the center of the element, causing a moment. Reaction forces balance this shift in force distribution, thereby changing the contact pressure distribution. In some instances, the use of a curved surface on the tread element may result in more uniform contact pressure distribution, and reduce involution—a phenomenon in which a front edge of a tread element curls under the tread element.
In one embodiment, each of the first and second curved surfaces 240, 250 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 230 of the tread element 200. Additionally, each of the first and second curved surfaces 240, 250 has a length that is substantially greater than a height. The first and second curved surfaces 240, 250 may have the same dimensions discussed above with respect to the curved surface 140 of the tread element 100 of
The tread element 300 also includes a curved tread element surface 350 extending from the first tread element wall 310 to the top surface 330, while the second wall 320 forms an edge with the top surface 330. The sipe 340 is defined by a first sipe wall 360, a second sipe wall 370, and a curved sipe surface 380 extending from the second sipe wall 370 to the top surface 330. The first sipe wall 360 forms an edge with the top surface 330. The first sipe wall 360 is the sipe wall closest to the first tread element wall 310 and the second sipe wall 370 is the sipe wall closest to the second tread element wall 320. Accordingly, the first sipe wall 360 may be described as being between the first tread element wall 310 and the second sipe wall 370.
In the illustrated embodiment, the curved tread element surface 350 is defined by a single first radius R1 and the curved sipe surface 380 is defined by a single second radius R2. In the illustrated embodiment, the first radius R1 is equal to the second radius R2. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the first radius R1 is different from the second radius R2. In another alternative embodiment (not shown), one or both of the first and second curved surfaces is defined by a plurality of radii.
In one embodiment, each of the curved tread element surface 350 and the curved sipe surface 380 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 330 of the tread element 300. Additionally, each of the curved tread element surface 350 and the curved sipe surface 380 has a length that is substantially greater than a height. The curved tread element surface 350 and the curved sipe surface 380 may have the same dimensions discussed above with respect to the curved surface 140 of the tread element 100 of
The tread element 400 also includes a first curved tread element surface 450 extending from the first tread element wall 410 to the top surface 430, and a second curved tread element surface 460 extending from the second tread element wall 420 to the top surface 430. The sipe 440 is defined by a first sipe wall 470, a second sipe wall 480, and a curved sipe surface 490 extending from the second sipe wall 480 to the top surface 430. The first sipe wall 470 forms an edge with the top surface 430. The first sipe wall 470 is the sipe wall closest to the first tread element wall 410 and the second sipe wall 480 is the sipe wall closest to the second tread element wall 420. Accordingly, the first sipe wall 470 may be described as being between the first tread element wall 410 and the second sipe wall 480.
In the illustrated embodiment, the first curved tread element surface 450 is defined by a single first radius R1, the second curved tread element surface 460 is defined by a single second radius R2, and the curved sipe surface 490 is defined by a single third radius R3. In the illustrated embodiment, the first radius R1 is equal to the second radius R2 and to the third radius R3. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first radius R1, the second radius R2, and the third radius R3 are different. In another alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first, second, and third curved surfaces is defined by a plurality of radii.
In one embodiment, each of the curved tread element surfaces 450, 460 and the curved sipe surface 490 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 430 of the tread element 400. Additionally, each of the curved tread element surfaces 450, 460 and the curved sipe surface 490 has a length that is substantially greater than a height. The curved tread element surfaces 450, 460 and the curved sipe surface 490 may have the same dimensions discussed above with respect to the curved surface 140 of the tread element 100 of
The tread element 500 also includes a curved tread element surface 550 extending from the first tread element wall 510 to the top surface 530, while the second tread element wall 520 forms an edge with the top surface 530. The sipe 540 is defined by a first sipe wall 560, a second sipe wall 570, a first curved sipe surface 580 extending from the first sipe wall 560 to the top surface 530, and a second curved sipe surface 590 extending from the second sipe wall 570 to the top surface 530. The first sipe wall 560 is the sipe wall closest to the first tread element wall 510 and the second sipe wall 570 is the sipe wall closest to the second tread element wall 520. Accordingly, the first sipe wall 560 may be described as being between the first tread element wall 510 and the second sipe wall 570.
In the illustrated embodiment, the curved tread element surface 550 is defined by a single first radius R1, the first curved sipe surface 580 is defined by a single second radius R2, and the second curved sipe surface 590 is defined by a single third radius R3. In the illustrated embodiment, the first radius R1 is equal to the second radius R2 and to the third radius R3. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first radius R1, the second radius R2, and the third radius R3 are different. In another alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first, second, and third curved surfaces is defined by a plurality of radii.
In one embodiment, each of the curved tread element surface 550 and the curved sipe surfaces 580, 590 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 530 of the tread element 500. Additionally, each of the curved tread element surface 550 and the curved sipe surfaces 580, 590 has a length that is substantially greater than a height. The curved tread element surface 550 and the curved sipe surfaces 580, 590 may have the same dimensions discussed above with respect to the curved surface 140 of the tread element 100 of
The tread element 600 also includes a first curved tread element surface 625 extending from the first tread element wall 605 to the top surface 615 and a second curved tread surface 630 extending from the second tread element wall 610 to the top surface 615. The sipe 620 is defined by a first sipe wall 635, a second sipe wall 640, a first curved sipe surface 645 extending from the first sipe wall 635 to the top surface 615, and a second curved sipe surface 650 extending from the second sipe wall 640 to the top surface 615. The first sipe wall 635 is the sipe wall closest to the first tread element wall 605 and the second sipe wall 640 is the sipe wall closest to the second tread element wall 610. Accordingly, the first sipe wall 635 may be described as being between the first tread element wall 605 and the second sipe wall 640.
In the illustrated embodiment, the first curved tread element surface 625 is defined by a single first radius R1, the second curved tread element surface 630 is defined by a single second radius R2, the first curved sipe surface 645 is defined by a single third radius R3, and the second curved sipe surface 650 is defined by a single fourth radius R4. In the illustrated embodiment, the first radius R1 is equal to the second radius R2, the third radius R3, and the fourth radius R4. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first radius R1, the second radius R2, the third radius R3, and the fourth radius R4 are different. In another alternative embodiment (not shown), one or more of the first, second, third, and fourth curved surfaces is defined by a plurality of radii.
In one embodiment, each of the curved tread element surfaces 625, 630 and the curved sipe surfaces 645, 650 has a length that is no greater than 20% of the total length of the top surface 615 of the tread element 600. Additionally, each of the curved tread element surfaces 625, 630 and the curved sipe surfaces 645, 650 has a length that is substantially greater than a height. The curved tread element surfaces 625, 630 and the curved sipe surfaces 645, 650 may have the same dimensions discussed above with respect to the curved surface 140 of the tread element 100 of
It should be understood that the tread element 700 is merely exemplary.
To the extent that the term “includes” or “including” is used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as that term is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, to the extent that the term “or” is employed (e.g., A or B) it is intended to mean “A or B or both.” When the applicants intend to indicate “only A or B but not both” then the term “only A or B but not both” will be employed. Thus, use of the term “or” herein is the inclusive, and not the exclusive use. See, Bryan A. Garner, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage 624 (2d. Ed. 1995). Also, to the extent that the terms “in” or “into” are used in the specification or the claims, it is intended to additionally mean “on” or “onto.” Furthermore, to the extent the term “connect” is used in the specification or claims, it is intended to mean not only “directly connected to,” but also “indirectly connected to” such as connected through another component or components.
While the present application has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the application, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative apparatus and method, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2013/075553 | 12/17/2013 | WO | 00 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61739387 | Dec 2012 | US |
