Patent Application
20220048327
The present invention relates to a tire comprising a belt layer formed using a resin-coated cord.
Conventionally, a pneumatic tire (hereinafter abbreviated as a tire when appropriate) having a belt layer formed by winding a resin-coated cord coated with a resin material along a tire circumferential direction is known (see Patent Literature 1.). Such belt layer can be used instead of the traditional two-layer crossing belt.
[Patent Literature 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2018-65426
When the tire goes over a sharp bump on the road, the belt layer is pulled by tire width direction.
In the case of the crossing belt layer, the belt cords crossing each other are primarily bear such input. On the other hand, in the case of the belt layer formed by using the resin-coated cord described above, since the resin-coated cord is arranged along the tire circumferential direction, it hardly bear such input. Therefore, the coating resin bears such input.
However, if such input is borne by increasing the rigidity of the coating resin itself or by increasing the thickness of the coating resin, there is a problem that the durability of the belt layer cannot be ensured, such as fatigue due to repeated deformation.
In particular, in recent years, a new small shuttle bus has been proposed with an emphasis on transportation of people and goods within the city. Such a small shuttle bus has a total length of about 5 meters and a total width of about 2 meters, and the total vehicle weight is assumed to exceed 3 tons. The tire mounted on such a small shuttle bus is required to have a high load-carrying capacity.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic achieving both durability of the belt layer and load-carrying capacity when the tire has a belt layer is formed by winding a resin-coated cord coated with a resin material along a tire circumferential direction.
One aspect of the present invention is a tire (pneumatic tire 10) including an annular carcass (carcass 40) formed by using a carcass treat (carcass treat 40T) in which a carcass cord (carcass cord 40a) disposed along the tire width direction is coated with a rubber material, and a belt layer (belt layer 50) provided outside a tire radial direction of the carcass and formed by disposing a resin-coated cord (resin coated cord 50a) coated with a resin material along a tire circumferential direction. A treat strength along a tire width direction of the carcass treat is 10 kN/25 mm or more.
Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same functions and configurations are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted as appropriate.
A predetermined number of pneumatic tire 10 are mounted on a vehicle 1 according to a wheel configuration. Specifically, in the vehicle 1, the pneumatic tire 10 assembled to a rim wheel 100 is mounted in a predetermined position.
The vehicle 1 belongs to a new small shuttle bus with an emphasis on transportation of people and goods in the city. In this embodiment, the new small shuttle bus is assumed to be a vehicle having a total length of 4 meters to 7 meters, a total width of about 2 meters, and a total vehicle weight of about 3 tons. However, the size and the gross vehicle weight are not necessarily limited to the range, and may be slightly out of the range.
The small shuttle bus is not necessarily limited to transportation of people, but may be used for transportation of goods, a mobile store, a mobile office, etc.
In addition, small shuttle buses have a relatively low travel speed range (maximum speed: 70 km/h or less, average speed: about 50 km/h) because they are focused on transporting people and goods within the city. Therefore, hydroplaning countermeasures need not be emphasized.
In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle having an automatic driving function (assume Level 4 or higher), but the automatic driving function is not essential and the vehicle 1 may not be an electric vehicle.
If the vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle, an in-wheel motor (unillustrated) is preferably used as a power unit. The in-wheel motor may be provided with the whole unit in the inner space of the rim wheel 100 or a part of the unit in the inner space of the rim wheel 100.
If an in-wheel motor is used, the vehicle 1 preferably has an independent steering function in which each wheel can steer independently. This makes it possible to turn and move in the lateral direction on the spot and eliminates the need for a power transmission mechanism, thereby improving the space efficiency of the vehicle 1.
Thus, in the vehicle 1, high space efficiency is required. For this reason, the pneumatic tire 10 preferably has a small diameter as small as possible.
On the other hand, a high load-carrying capacity (maximum load capacity) is required because it is mounted on the vehicle 1 having a gross vehicle weight corresponding to a vehicle size and an application.
In order to satisfy such requirements, the pneumatic tire 10 has a load-carrying capacity corresponding to the total vehicle weight of the vehicle 1 while reducing the tire outer diameter OD (not shown in
If the vehicle 1 has an in-wheel motor and an independent steering function, the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably low in aspect ratio from the viewpoint of improving responsiveness, and the rim diameter RD (not shown in
The pneumatic tire 10 has a relatively small diameter while being wide. Specifically, the rim diameter RD of the rim wheel 100 is preferably 12 inches or more and 17.5 inches or less. However, the rim diameter RD may be 10 inches or more and 22 inches or less if it satisfies another numerical range.
As shown in
The tire width SW of the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably 125 mm or more and 255 mm or less. As shown in
The aspect ratio of the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably 35% or more and 75% or less. The Aspect ratio is calculated using expression 1.
Aspect ratio (%)=tire section height H/tire width SW (section width)×100 (Expression 1)
The tire outer diameter OD of the pneumatic tire 10 is 350 mm or more and 600 mm or less. The tire outer diameter OD is preferably 500 mm or less.
When the tire outer diameter OD is such a size and the rim width RW is defined by the rim width of the rim wheel 100 assembled to the pneumatic tire 10 is, the pneumatic tire 10 satisfies the relationship of (Expression 2) and (Expression 3).
0.78≤RW/SW≤0.99 (Expression 2)
0.56≤RD/OD≤0.75 (Expression 3)
The pneumatic tire 10 preferably satisfies 0.78≤RW/SW≤0.98, and more preferably 0.78≤RW/SW≤0.95. The pneumatic tire 10 preferably satisfies 0.56≤RD/OD≤0.72, and. more preferably 0.56≤RD/OD≤0.71.
The pneumatic tire 10 satisfying such a relationship can ensure an air volume necessary for supporting the gross vehicle weight of the vehicle 1 while having a small diameter. Specifically, an air volume of 20,000 cm3 or more is required in consideration of load bearing performance. In addition, in order to save space, it is required to be 80,000 cm3 or less.
If the above relationship is satisfied, the rim width RW is not particularly limited, but is preferably as wide as possible from the viewpoint of securing the air volume. For example, the rim width may be 3.8 to 7.8 J.
Also, from the viewpoint of securing the air volume, it is preferable that the ratio of the rim diameter RD to the tire outer diameter OD is small, that is, the aspect ratio is high. However, as described above, it is preferable that the aspect ratio is low from the viewpoint of responsiveness, and it is preferable that the rim diameter RD is large in consideration of the housing space such as the in-wheel motor, so that the aspect ratio and the rim diameter RD have a trade-off relationship between the air volume and the responsiveness as well as the housing space such as the in-wheel motor.
One example of a suitable size for the pneumatic tire 10 is 205/40 R 15. The suitable rim width is approximately 7.5 J. Other examples of suitable sizes include 215/45 R 12. In this case, the suitable rim width is approximately 7.0 J.
In addition, although not particularly limited, a set internal pressure (normal pressure) of the pneumatic tire 10 is assumed to be 400 to 1,100 kPa, more realistically 500˜900 kPa. The normal internal pressure is, for example, the air pressure corresponding to the maximum load capacity in the YearBook of JATMA (Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers Association) in Japan, ETRTO in Europe, TRA in the United States, and other tire standards in each country.
In addition, the load to be borne by the pneumatic tire 10 is assumed to be 500 to 1,500 kgf, and practically, about 900 kgf.
As shown in
The tread 20 is a portion in contact with the road surface. On the tread 20, a pattern (unillustrated) corresponding to the use environment of the pneumatic tire 10 and the type of vehicle to be mounted is formed.
The tire side portion 30 is continuous with the tread 20 and positioned inside the tire radial direction of the tread 20. The tire side portion 30 is an area from the tire width direction outer end of the tread 20 to the upper end of the bead portion 60. The tire side portion 30 is sometimes referred to as a sidewall.
The carcass 40 forms the skeleton of the pneumatic tire 10. The carcass 40 has a radial structure in which a carcass cord 40a (not shown in
The belt layer 50 is provided inside the tire radial direction of the tread 20. The belt layer 50 is provided outside the tire radial direction of the carcass 40. The belt layer 50 is formed by winding a resin-coated cord 50a coated with a resin material along the tire circumferential direction.
That is, the belt layer 50 is a single-layer spiral belt formed by winding the resin-coated cord 50a coated with a resin material along the tire circumferential direction. A specific configuration of the spiral belt is described in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-65426.
As the resin material, a rubber material constituting the tire side portion 30 and a resin material having a higher tensile elastic modulus than that of the rubber material constituting the tread 20 are used. As the resin material, a thermoplastic resin having elasticity, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), a thermosetting resin or the like can be used. It is desirable to use a thermoplastic elastomer in consideration of elasticity in running and moldability in manufacturing.
The thermoplastic elastomer includes a polyolefin-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPO), a polystyrene-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPS), a polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPA), a polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU), a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPC), a dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer (TPV), etc.
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, vinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, and the like. Further, as the thermoplastic resin material, for example, one having a deflection temperature under load (at 0.45 MPa Load) specified in ISO 75-2 or ASTM D 648 of 78° C. or more, a tensile yield strength specified in JIS K 7113 of 10 MPa or more, a tensile fracture elongation specified in JIS K 7113 of 50% or more, and a Vicat softening temperature (method A) specified in JIS K 7206 of 130° C. or more can be used.
The cord itself of the resin-coated cord 50a is preferably formed of any of aromatic polyamide fibers, carbon fibers or steel.
The bead portion 60 continues to tire side portion 30 and is positioned inside in tire radial direction of tire side portion 30. The bead portion 60 is an annular shape extending to the tire circumferential direction, and the carcass 40 is folded from the inside of the tire width direction to the outside of the tire width direction via the bead portion 60.
The bead portion 60 may be provided with a bead filler outside in the tire radial direction of a bead core, or may be provided with a chafer for preventing the carcass 40 or the like folded by the bead portion 60 from being rubbed and worn by the rim wheel 100.
Next, the configuration of the carcass 40 will be described.
As shown in
The treat strength along the tire width direction of the carcass treat 40T is 10 kN/25 mm or more (predetermined width W in the figure).
The carcass cord 40a is preferably formed of any of aromatic polyamide fibers, carbon fibers or steel. As a specific example, aramid or carbon fiber can be used.
It should be noted that the number of driving lines (spacing between adjacent carcass cords 40a) of the carcass cord 40a may be adjusted depends on the required strength (material properties, cord structure, etc.) of the strength of the carcass treat 40T.
Next, the function and effects of the pneumatic tire 10 will be described.
Specifically, the horizontal axis of the graph shown in
As shown in
An example of a suitable size for the pneumatic tire 10 described above, 215/45 R 12, is included in area A1. As described above, the area A1 corresponds to 0.78≤RW/SW≤0.99, and 0.56≤RD/OD≤0.75. Such an area A1 is positioned as an area of the tire for the new small shuttle bus with an emphasis on transportation of people, goods and the like in the city, as in the aforementioned vehicle 1.
The RD/OD in the area of the tire for the new small shuttle bus is not significantly different from, and some overlap with, the RD/OD in the area of the tire for the passenger cars or light trucks. On the other hand, the RW/SW in the area of the tire for the new small shuttle bus is higher than the RW/SW in the area of the tire for passenger cars or light trucks.
As described above, the outer diameter OD of the pneumatic tire 10 is 350 mm or more and 600 mm or less. Therefore, the diameter is sufficiently small in comparison with the size of the vehicle 1, and can contribute to space saving of the vehicle 1.
Further, according to the pneumatic tire 10 having the size included in the area A1, since the relationship of 0.78≤RW/SW≤0.99 is satisfied, a wide rim width RW with respect to the tire width SW can be configured, that is, a wide tire can be configured, and it is easy to secure an air volume necessary for exhibiting high load capacity. If the rim width RW becomes too wide, the tire width SW also widens and space efficiency decreases, and the bead portion 60 tends to come off the rim wheel 100.
Further, according to the pneumatic tire 10 having the size included in the area A1, since the relationship of 0.56≤RD/OD≤0.75 is satisfied, the rim diameter RD with respect to the tire outer diameter OD is large, and it is easy to secure a housing space for an in-wheel motor or the like. When the rim diameter RD becomes too small, the diameter size of the disc brake or the drum brake becomes small. Therefore, the contact area of the effective brake becomes small, and it becomes difficult to secure the required braking performance.
That is, according to the pneumatic tire 10, when it is mounted on the new small shuttle bus or the like, it is possible to achieve a high space efficiency while having a higher load-carrying capacity.
The rim diameter RD of the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably 12 inches or more and 17.5 inches or less. Thus, a necessary and sufficient air volume and a housing space for an in-wheel motor can be secured while maintaining a small diameter. Also, braking performance and traction performance can be secured.
The tire width SW of the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably 125 mm or more and 255 mm or less. The aspect ratio of the pneumatic tire 10 is preferably 35% or more and 75% or less. Thus, a necessary and sufficient air volume and a housing space for an in-wheel motor can be secured.
Further, in this embodiment, as described above, the pneumatic tire 10 includes the belt layer 50 formed by winding a resin-coated cord 50a along the tire circumferential direction. Such the belt layer 50 has a higher rigidity in the shoulder portion of the tread 20 than a general crossing belt layer, and can effectively suppress the diameter growth of the shoulder portion, which is a concern in a small-diameter tire such as the pneumatic tire 10. The belt layer 50 is also lightweight, contributing to a reduction in rolling resistance.
The treat strength of the carcass treat 40T along the tire width direction is 10 kN/25 mm or more. Therefore, the pneumatic tire 10 can exhibit a load-carrying capacity. In a typical conventional pneumatic tire, the treat strength of the carcass treat along tire width direction is on the order of 2˜5 kN/25 mm, and even when the carcass 40 is 2-ply, it is less than 10 kN/25 mm. In the pneumatic tire 10, the required load-carrying capacity can be secured without adding a member near the center part of the belt layer 50 where the securing of 2 plies of the carcass 40, the gauge increase of the pneumatic tire 10 and especially the required load-carrying capacity is difficult.
That is, according to the pneumatic tire 10, when the belt layer 50 formed by arranging the resin-coated cord 50a along the tire circumferential direction is provided, both the durability and the high load-carrying capacity of the belt layer 50 can be accomplished.
In this embodiment, the carcass cord 40a is formed from either aromatic polyamide fibers, carbon fibers or steel. Thus, the treat strength required for the carcass treat 40T can be more surely and easily achieved.
Although the contents of the present invention have been described above with reference to the examples, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and that various modifications and improvements are possible.
For example, in the embodiment described above, the belt layer 50 is formed by winding a resin coated cord 50a coated with a resin material along the tire circumferential direction, but the resin coated cord 50a may not necessarily be wound along the tire circumferential direction a plurality of times. That is, the resin coating cord 50a may be disposed along the tire circumferential direction.
In the above-described embodiment, the belt layer 50 is a single-layer spiral belt, but may not be necessarily a single-layer spiral belt.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the pneumatic tire 10 satisfies the relationship 0.56≤RD/OD≤0.75, but the relationship may not necessarily be satisfied.
The carcass cord 40a of the carcass 40 may be constructed as follows.
The carcass cord 40a has an outer diameter smaller than that of a general carcass cord so as to easily follow the shape the bead portion 60 of the pneumatic tire 10 having a small diameter. Specifically, the outer diameter of the carcass cord 40a is 0.7 mm or less. The outer diameter of the carcass cord 40a is preferably 0.6 mm or less.
The outer diameters of the filaments FL1 and FL2 forming the carcass cord 40a are preferably 0.2 mm or less.
In this modified example, the outer diameter of the filament FL1 is 0.15 mm and the outer diameter of the filament FL2 is 0.175 mm.
Further, in the embodiment described above, the pneumatic tire 10 is a small-diameter tire mounted on the vehicle 1 assuming a small shuttle bus, but the pneumatic tire 10 is not necessarily limited to such a small-diameter tire.
While embodiments of the invention have been described as above, it should not be understood that the statements and drawings which form part of this disclosure are intended to limit the invention. Various alternative embodiments, examples and operating techniques will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-233853 | Dec 2018 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2019/048647 | 12/12/2019 | WO | 00 |
