Patent Application
20230064178
The present disclosure relates generally to surgical tissue identification and removal, and more specifically, to a marking specific tissues within a breast at a time prior to removal of the tissue by surgery.
Tissue marking is used to externally indicate to a surgeon which tissue is to be tracked or removed, such as a tumor or mass. For example, after a breast biopsy determining that a tissue is cancerous and needs to be removed, a tissue marking device with a single hook attached to a rigid wire is inserted such that the wire extends outside the breast. The tissue marking device provides an external indication of the location of the tumor for the surgeon.
However, the standard tissue marking device has many limitations. Using current technology, the tissue must be marked on the same day, just prior to surgery to avoid displacing the hook. This leads to an extended time that the patient must be at the hospital. Coordinating schedules of Radiology, Surgery, and the Operating room staff leads to inefficiencies and affects patient satisfaction.
Accordingly, there is a need for a tissue marking device that is not prone to movement once in place such that it may be placed in a patient more than 24 hours before a surgery to remove the tissue.
The disclosure provides for a tissue marking device and methods of marking a tissue. The tissue marking device may include a hook assembly having a compressed configuration and a deployed configuration and a handle assembly for positioning the hook assembly in a targeted tissue. In an aspect, the hook assembly may include a hook body comprising at least two hooks, a retention mechanism, and a thread connected to the hook body. In one aspect, a metal thread may be welded, crimped, swagged, kinked, UV bounded, laser welded, or joined by any of means suitable for bonding metals to the proximal end of the hook body to form the hook assembly. In another aspect, the handle assembly may include a handle body having a proximal end and a distal end, a plunger having a locking mechanism, a needle having a lumen with an open first end and a second end, and a stylet having a lumen with an open first end and a second end. In an aspect, the hook body and the stylet are within the lumen of the needle and the thread is within the lumen of the stylet when the hook assembly is in the compressed configuration.
Further provided herein is a method of marking a target tissue in a patient. In an aspect, the method may include inserting a needle of the tissue marking device into a patient, confirming the location of the needle such that the hook body is near the target tissue, unlocking the locking mechanism on the handle body, depressing the plunger to extend the hook body past the needle and open the at least two hooks and retention mechanism to embed the hook body in the target tissue, and removing the needle and the stylet from the patient.
In another aspect, the method of marking a target tissue in a patient may include implanting a hook assembly of a tissue marking device into a target tissue of a patient. In this aspect, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 1 cm within the target tissue. In another aspect, the hook assembly is operable to allow the patient to have surgery to remove the hook assembly on a separate day from implantation.
Additional aspects and features are set forth in part in the description that follows, and will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the specification or may be learned by the practice of the disclosed subject matter. A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the disclosure may be realized by reference to the remaining portions of the specification and the drawings, which forms a part of this disclosure.
The description will be more fully understood with reference to the following figures, which are presented as variations of the disclosure and should not be construed as a complete recitation of the scope of the disclosure, wherein:
The tissue marking device and method of use will be understood, both as to its structure and operation, from the accompanying drawings, taken in conjunction with the accompanying description. It is noted that, for purposes of illustrative clarity, certain elements in various drawings may not be drawn to scale. Several variations of the device are presented herein. It should be understood that various components, parts, and features of the different variations may be combined together and/or interchanged with one another, all of which are within the scope of the present application, even though not all variations and particular variations are shown in the drawings. It should also be understood that the mixing and matching of features, elements, and/or functions between various variations is expressly contemplated herein so that one of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate from this disclosure that the features, elements, and/or functions of one variation may be incorporated into another variation as appropriate, unless described otherwise.
For purposes of this description, “distal” refers to the end extending into a body and “proximal” refers to the end extending out of the body.
For purposes of this description “connected to” includes two components being directly connected or indirectly connected with intervening components.
The terms used in this specification generally have their ordinary meanings in the art, within the context of the disclosure, and in the specific context where each term is used. Alternative language and synonyms may be used for any one or more of the terms discussed herein, and no special significance should be placed upon whether or not a term is elaborated or discussed herein. In some cases, synonyms for certain terms are provided. A recital of one or more synonyms does not exclude the use of other synonyms. The use of examples anywhere in this specification including examples of any terms discussed herein is illustrative only, and is not intended to further limit the scope and meaning of the disclosure or of any example term.
In traditional lumpectomy procedures, a localization wire is placed by a radiologist on the same day of the surgical procedure. This protocol requires the patient to go through two procedures in two separate departments on the same day. For the patient, this leads to increased anxiety levels and a reduction in satisfaction. For the facility, this can lead to lost revenue from scheduling difficulties. Wire-based localization technologies are also mechanically deficient. Wires can move during the long procedure day and are uncomfortable and awkward for the patient. It is not possible to schedule the radiological and surgical procedures on separate days using wire-based localization.
Capital equipment technologies require the use of expensive equipment (i.e. capital) to separate the procedure days. For example, these capital equipment systems use expensive technology like radar or magnets, combined with an external hardware system to localize the lesion. These technologies are expensive and have barriers to entry for the user. The facility must absorb the cost of the capital component to implement the technology and the cost of the actual treatment materials exceeds the available reimbursement. There is currently no simple, “low-cost” and/or single-use solution for breast lesion localization to be treated on a separate day from surgery.
The disclosed tissue marking device and methods of use thereof provides for the rapid marking of tissue more than 24 hours prior to the surgery. The tissue marking device provides a “low-cost” and single-use alternative to capital equipment technologies and provides for the separation of treatment days as an alternative to wire-based localization. For example, the tissue marking device uses a hook assembly with superior pull force strength to minimize migration and absorb compression and uses a flexible thread instead of a wire. In particular, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 1 cm within the target tissue. These features, described in detail below, allow for the device to be placed on a separate day than the surgery to remove the target tissue. In addition, the tissue marking device allows the patient to move without discomfort or risk of dislocating the hook marking the target tissue. Moreover, the tissue marking device is a simple, easy to use, handheld device for marking target tissue and does not require investment of any expensive equipment such as radar or magnets. The tissue marking device is an economically effective solution for the clinical, scheduling, and patient satisfaction issues associated with the current standard. In some variations, the tissue marking device overcomes one or more of the above-listed problems commonly associated with conventional wire marker devices and capital equipment technologies.
As seen in
As may be appreciated, the tissue marking device 100 described herein (and the needle 106 thereof) may be of any desired size (e.g., length) to suit a particular application and may generally vary depending on the depth of the cancerous lesion. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 4.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 4.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 5.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 5.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 6.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 6.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 7.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 7.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 8.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 8.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 9.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 10.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 10.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 11.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 11.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 12.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 12.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 13.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 13.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 14.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 14.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 15.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 15.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of at least 16.0 cm.
In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 16.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 15.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 14.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 14.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 13.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 13.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 12.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 12.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 11.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 11.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 10.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 10.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 9.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 9.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 8.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 8.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 7.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 6.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 6.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 5.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 5.0 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 4.5 cm. In a variation, the tissue marking device 100 has a length of less than or equal to 4.0 cm.
The hook assembly 105, by way of the hook body 102, can be in a compressed configuration or a deployed configuration. In the compressed configuration, the hooks 101 and/or retention mechanism 107 of the hook body 102 are compressed together such that the hook assembly 105 can be loaded and fit within the lumen of the needle 106. For example, the hook body 102 in the compressed configuration generally looks like a tube. In a variation, the hooks 101 and/or retention mechanism 107 of the hook body 102 are forcibly compressed by the lumen of the needle 106.
The hook body 102 has a proximal end and a distal end. The hook body 102 may include at least two hooks 101 at the distal end of the hook body 102.
In some variations, the hook body may include at least two hooks 101. In some variations, the hook body may include at least three hooks 101. In some variations, the hook body may include at least four hooks 101. In some variations, the hook body may include at least five hooks 101. In a variation, the hook body 102 may include three hooks 101, as seen in
The at least two hooks 101 may have a straight configuration, a rounded configuration, a curved configuration, or any configuration sufficient to retain the hook body within the target tissue and absorb compression forces. In a variation, the hooks 101 may have a rounded or curved configuration, as seen in
In a variation, the hook body may be non-removable. In other variations, the hook body may not be retracted, repositioned, or adjusted once deployed in the target tissue. In this variation, the hook assembly 105 may not be removed from the body except through surgery. The handle assembly 110 may not be used to remove or re-place the hook assembly 105. The hook body may not include any sharp ends that would otherwise facilitate movement of the hook assembly within the tissue.
To aid in restricting migration of the hook assembly 105, the hook body 102 may further include a retention mechanism 107 at the proximal end of the hook body 102, as seen in
The retention mechanism 107 may have any shape or structure that absorbs compression, facilitates retention of the hook assembly 105 within the target tissue, and prevents the hook body 102 from being retracted into the needle 106 or migrating within the target tissue. In some variations, the retention mechanism 107 may have a rounded hook shape, curved hook shape, a straight hook shape, an elbow shape, or a T-shape. In a variation, the retention mechanism 107 may include one proximal hook. In a variation, the retention mechanism 107 has a rounded or curved hook shape, as seen in
In a variation, the hook body 102 may include two distal hooks 101 and a retention mechanism 107 with two proximal hooks, generally forming a four hook/arm configuration, or an “H” configuration, as seen in
The hook body allows for the hook assembly to absorb compression forces without migrating a distance that would require re-localization by re-implantation of the hook assembly. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to allow the patient to have surgery to remove the hook assembly on a separate day from localization/implantation. The ability to absorb compression forces may permit the patient to participate in normal activity between the time of localization/implantation of the hook assembly and the time of surgery to remove the target tissue. Non-limiting examples of normal activity include sleeping (face down if desired), rolling over, sexual activity, taking care of loved ones (for example, kids), exercising, accidental bumping, and/or lifting heaving objects.
The hook assembly 105, by way of the hook body 102, is operable to absorb compression forces without migrating more than 1.5 cm from the original placement within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 1 cm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 8 mm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 5 mm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 3 mm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 2 mm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 1 mm within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook assembly is operable to absorb compression without migrating more than 0.5 mm within the target tissue.
In a variation, the hook body 102 may have a length of 2 mm to 8 mm in the compressed configuration. In a variation, the hook body has a length of at least 2 mm. In a variation, the hook body has a length of at least 3 mm. In a variation, the hook body has a length of at least 4 mm. In a variation, the hook body has a length of at least 5 mm. In a variation, the hook body has a length of at least 7 mm. When in the compressed configuration, the hook body 102 has a diameter sufficient to fit within the lumen of a needle 106. In a variation, the hook body 102 may have a diameter of less than 1 mm in the compressed configuration. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a length of at least 1 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a length of at least 2 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a length of at least 3 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a length of at least 4 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a diameter of less than 1 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a diameter of less than 1 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a diameter of less than 0.75 mm. In a variation, each hook 101 may have a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. In a variation, the retention mechanism 107 may have a length of at least 1 mm. In a variation, the retention mechanism 107 may have a length of at least 3 mm.
In a variation, the hook body 102 may be formed from a tube that has been laser cut to form the hooks 101. In this variation, the hooks 101 and the hook body 102 are a single element. Therefore, the hooks 101 may be integral to the hook body 102 and do not need to be attached together or attached to the hook body. This may allow the hook body 102 to take the shape of a tube when in the compressed configuration. Without being limited to a particular theory, laser cutting the hooks 101 into the hook body 102 allows for the hook body 102 to have a compressed configuration in the shape of a tube and a deployed configuration with the hooks 101 expanded, for example, as seen in
In another variation, the hook body 102 may be formed from a tube that has been laser cut to form the hooks 101 and retention mechanism 107. In this variation, the hooks 101, the retention mechanism 107, and the hook body 102 are a single element. In some examples, the hooks 101 and retention mechanism 107 have the same shape, and may generally form four hooks/arms cut from a single tube, as seen in
In a variation, the hook body 102 may include at least one radiopaque marker. In some variations, the hooks 101 may include a radiopaque marker. In other variations, the hook body 102 itself may be used as a radiopaque marker. It will be appreciated that the radiopaque markers may be configured to communicate a set distance to further facilitate the measurement of target tissue, to distinguish between multiple marked tissues, to demonstrate the distance of the hook from the targeted lesion, or indicate a distance from the hook body to a biopsy marker clip. It will be appreciated that any arrangement of radiopaque markers is contemplated.
The hook assembly 105 further includes a thread 104 connected to the hook body 102. The thread 104 may be connected to the hook body 102 such that it remains attached to the hook body 102 when the hook assembly 105 is embedded in a targeted tissue. In some variations, the thread 104 may be welded, crimped, swagged, kinked, UV bounded, laser welded, or joined by any of means suitable for bonding metals onto the hook body 102.
The thread may be impervious to heat, completely flexible, resistant to cutting, provide a secure connection to the hook body, viewable on imaging, include marker bands, and have a proximal end that can be secured to the patient's breast. In some variations, the thread does not have to be secured to breast. In some examples, the thread may eliminate transection concern while providing heat resistance and optimal strength during surgery. The thread may be flexible or non-rigid such that it may prevent the hook body from unintentionally moving or being driven past the target tissue. In a variation, the thread 104 may be flexible yet strong. For example, the thread 104 can be flexible such that it can bend when outside the body and therefore not be at risk of being moved inside the body if touched or bumped outside the body of the patient. The thread 104 can be heat resistant such that it is not at risk of being severed if near a cauterizer and can be tough enough to not be at risk of being cut by a scalpel. In variations, the thread 104 may be made from a shape memory material, such as a shape memory alloy (e.g., nitinol), though other variations are not so limited. Non-limiting examples of the material that may make up the thread include chromium cobalt, stainless steel, nitinol, and Kevlar. In a variation, the thread 104 is a metal thread. In one variation, the thread is made of chromium cobalt or a cobalt-chrome alloy. In a particular variation, the thread is made of nitinol.
In a variation, the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 along a length of the thread, as depicted, for example, in
In a variation, the sleeving 117 may be disposed about a distal portion of the thread 104 (i.e., a portion of the thread internal to the body). In a variation, a proximal portion of the thread 104 (i.e., a portion of the thread external to the body after removal of the needle and stylet) may be without such a sleeving.
As previously described, the sleeving 117 may electrically insulate the sleeved portion of the thread 104. The sleeving 117 may advantageously protect the thread 104 from energy-generating or sensing devices, such as those often used in lumpectomy procedures. In this way, the sleeving 117 may protect the thread 104 from being inadvertently cut (e.g., by a Bovie device). The sleeving 117 may, in a variation, be designed so as to be readily visible. For example, the sleeving 117 may be formed with a color (e.g., white) that is easily recognizable in comparison to the unsleeved portion(s) of the thread 104. For example, the sleeving 117 may be formed of a first color and the thread 104 may be formed with a second, different color.
The sleeving 117 may have a length and/or wall thickness that is sufficient to provide one or more of the above-described advantages. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 5 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 6 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 7 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 8 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 10 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a length of at least 11 cm.
In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 12 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 11 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 10 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 9 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 8 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 7 cm. In some variations, the sleeving 117 has a length of less than or equal to 6 cm.
In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of about 0.005 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.001 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.003 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.005 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.007 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.009 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness of at least 0.010 cm.
In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.020 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.010 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.009 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.007 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.005 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.003 cm. In a variation, the sleeving 117 has a wall thickness is equal to or less than 0.001 cm.
In a variation, the sleeving 117 may be designed such that the outer wall thereof has a smooth, lubricious surface finish, which may aid in the delivery stage described herein. In a variation, the sleeving 117 may be positioned so as to abut the hook body 102. Put another way, in a variation, the sleeving 117 may generally extend about the thread 104 from adjacent the hook body 102 toward the proximal end of the thread 104.
In a variation, the sleeving 117 may be disposed about at least a portion of the thread 104 by cold-shrinking of the sleeving. In another variation, the sleeving 117 may be disposed about at least a portion of the thread 104 by heat-shrinking of the sleeving. In a variation, the sleeving 117 may be a heat-shrunk thermoplastic. In one variation, the sleeving 117 may be formed from polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In another variation, the sleeving 117 may be formed from fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). In still other variations, the sleeving 117 may be a formed from a spray-on ceramic or dip coating.
It is to be understood that the sleeving 117 described herein may, individually or in any combination, be incorporated and/or combined with any of the other features discussed herein or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. For avoidance of doubt, it is to be understood that although the sleeving 117 is only illustrated in
In variations, the sleeving 117 may be employed in combination with a thread 104 made from a memory shape material (e.g., nitinol). In one such variation, the sleeved portion(s) of the thread 104 (i.e., the portion(s) of the thread disposed within the sleeving 117) may otherwise prevent or retard the shape recovery characteristics of that portion of the thread, such as due to rigidity and/or stiffness imparted by the sleeving. Conversely, the unsleeved portion(s) of the thread 104 (i.e., the portion(s) of the thread not disposed within the sleeving 117) may have shape recovery characteristics imparted by the memory shape material (e.g., nitinol) of the thread.
The portion of the thread 104 external to the patient (i.e., proximal to the hook) may generally be unsleeved so as to exhibit shape recovery characteristics imparted by the memory shape material (e.g., nitinol) of the thread. The portion of the thread 104 internal to the patient may, on the other hand, be at least partially covered by the sleeving 117. As previously described, the extent to which the thread 104 extend into the patient may generally vary depending on the depth of the cancerous lesion. In variations, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers all or less than all of the internal portion of the thread 104.
By way of non-limiting example, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 2 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 3 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 4 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 5 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 6 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 7 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 8 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 9 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 10 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers at least 11 cm of the internal portion of the thread.
In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 11 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 10 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 9 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 8 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 7 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 6 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 5 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 4 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 3 cm of the internal portion of the thread. In a variation, the internal portion of the thread 104 may include a sleeving 117 that covers equal to or less than 2 cm of the internal portion of the thread.
As previously described, in variations, the thread 104 may be made from a shape memory material, such as a shape memory alloy (e.g., nitinol). For purposes of this description, “shape memory material” refers to a material having shape recovery characteristics, including superelastic or pseudoelastic shape recovery characteristics. Put another way, the thread 104 may be formed of a material exhibiting the ability to avoid “setting” in a particular shape when deformed. In this way, at least a proximal portion of the thread 104 may be configured to form a preset shape in a defined area when unstressed. By way of non-limiting example, the thread 104 may be substantially coiled when unstressed, may elastically deform so as to be substantially straight when stressed, and may recover its coiled configuration when the deforming stress is removed. By way of non-limiting example, as seen for example in
The shape memory material from which the thread 104 may, in variations, be formed may be preset with a coiled shape (e.g., similar to a ribbon). Put another way, when unstressed, the thread 104 may be configured to automatically return to the preset, coiled shape. In a variation, presetting of the shape memory material from which the thread 104 is formed may include heat-setting.
The thread 104 may generally be under stress as the thread extends through within the lumen of the stylet 108 and/or the lumen of the needle 106 prior to deployment. At least a portion of the thread 104 extending outwardly from the handle assembly 110 (e.g., from the handle body/plunger) may be unstressed so as to exhibit shape recovery characteristics and coil upon itself, as seen for example in
As will be further appreciated, as the hook assembly 105 is deployed at the target tissue and the handle assembly 110 is removed, the thread 104 may exhibit shape recovery characteristics and coil upon itself at the site where the thread extends external to the patient's body. In such variations, the coiling of the thread 104 upon itself (e.g., external the body) may aid in ensuring that the portion of the thread extending external to the patient may define a small footprint that is capable of being covered and/or contained with minimal disturbance to the patient or visual noticeability.
As previously mentioned, the coiling of the thread 104 when unstressed may advantageously cause the thread 104 to occupy a smaller area external to the patient than is possible with currently-available devices. In this way, the coiling of the thread 104 may allow for the coiled portion thread 104 external to the patient (e.g., against the skin of the patient) with a minimally small covering. In a variation, the covering may be a bandage or patch, including an adhesive bandage or adhesive patch. In a variation, the coiling of the thread 104 may provide for the coiled portion thread 104 external to the patient (e.g., against the skin of the patient) to occupy a footprint of no greater than 2 cm×2 cm. In a variation, the coiling of the thread 104 may provide for the coiled portion thread 104 external to the patient (e.g., against the skin of the patient) to occupy a footprint of no greater than 1.5 cm×1.5 cm. In a variation, the coiling of the thread 104 may provide for the coiled portion thread 104 external to the patient (e.g., against the skin of the patient) to occupy a footprint of no greater than 1.0 cm×1.0 cm. In a variation, the coiling of the thread 104 may provide for the coiled portion thread 104 external to the patient (e.g., against the skin of the patient) to occupy a footprint of no greater than a predetermined size defined by the clean or sterile field. As previously described, this may assist in providing minimal disturbance to the patient or visual noticeability and/or may advantageously assist in preventing the thread from extending into the clean or sterile field. In addition, this may also provide ease of use for application of a covering over the coiled portion of the thread 104. Moreover, this may provide infection reduction benefits and/or preventing the portion of the thread 104 external to the patient from extending into the clean or sterile field. Further yet, this may minimize or prevent the risk of the portion of the thread 104 external to the patient from being inadvertently and/or undesirably engaged or pulled, which may cause migration of the hook body 102 or other discomfort to the patient.
As may be appreciated, the coiling of the thread 104 may provide further advantages over the rigid wires typically employed in conventional devices. For example, rigid wires may protrude into a user's zone of vision, requiring the user to expend additional time and effort to managing the wire and prevent the wire from extending into the clean or sterile field and/or from being inadvertently or undesirably engaged or pulled. Additionally, with traditional rigid wires, the wire is susceptible from slipping from the user's grip, which can cause blood to sling into the user's eyes or face. Some users find it necessary to cut such rigid wires to make them more manageable. The coiling of the thread 104 as described herein may obviate one or more of these drawbacks associated with traditional rigid wires, such as by obviating the need to cut the thread and/or by providing for better management of the localization system as described herein.
In some variations, the thread 104 formed from a shape memory material having shape recovery characteristics as previously described may, individually or in any combination, be incorporated and/or combined with any of the other features discussed herein or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. For avoidance of doubt, it is to be understood that although a thread 104 configured to coil upon itself is only illustrated in
The thread 104 may be located within the lumen of the stylet 108, the lumen of the needle 106, and/or through the handle body/plunger when the hook assembly 105 is loaded within the handle assembly 110 prior to deployment. The thread 104 may have a length of at least the length of the needle 106. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length so that it extends out of the second ends of the needle 106 and stylet 108 respectively. The thread 104 may have a length that is sufficient to extend through the breast and extend outside the body of the patient. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 5 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 8 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 10 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 12 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 14 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 16 cm. In a variation, the thread 104 has a length of at least 20 cm. The thread 104 may have a diameter sufficient to fit through the lumen of the stylet 108 which is in the lumen of the needle 106. In a variation, the thread 104 may have a diameter of less than 1 mm. In a variation, the thread 104 may have a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. In a variation, the thread 104 may have a diameter of less than 0.25 mm.
In a variation, the thread 104 may be constructed from single wires that are twisted into main strands, though other variations are not so limited. The thread 104 may have any desired wire construction to suit a particular application. By way of non-limiting example, as seen for example in
Different variations of the hook assembly 105 may include different lengths of thread 104. For example, the tissue marking device 100 may be sized to the patient. In some variations, the excess thread 104 may be attached to the patient. For example, excess thread 104 may be wound and attached to the skin of the patient with an adhesive.
In a variation, the thread 104 may further include one or more radiopaque markers. In some variations, the radiopaque marker may be a band, a ball, or a knot in the thread 104. In some variations, the radiopaque marker may be at the point the thread 104 connects to the hook body 102. In other variations, the radiopaque marker may be at a point along the length of the thread 104. For example, a radiopaque marker may be located both at the hook body 102 and on the thread 104 about 0.5 to 2 cm away from the connection point to the hook body 102, depending on the length of the hook body in the compressed configuration.
In other variations, the thread 104 may include a series of marker bands 118 along a length of the thread, as seen for example in
In variations, the marker bands 118 may be employed in combination with the above-described sleeving 117. In one such variation, one or more of the marker bands 118 may be disposed within the sleeving 117. Put another way, the sleeving 117 may be disposed about the thread 104 such that the sleeving covers one or more of the marker bands 118. In such a variation, the marker bands 118 may advantageously be visible through the sleeving 117 during imaging. Put another way, in variations, the marker bands 118 may be radiopaque. In another variation, the sleeving 117 may be disposed between the marker bands 118 and the thread 104 and the marker bands 118 may be raised from the sleeving. Advantageously, this may provide visual acknowledgment to a user without the need for the above-described imaging. In a variation, the marker bands 118 may be disposed on the sleeving 117. By way of non-limiting example, in variations, the marker bands 118 may be painted or coated on to the sleeving 117. By way of further non-limiting example, the marker bands 118 may be radiopaque once painted, coated, or otherwise disposed on the sleeving 117.
In a variation, the thread may include 1 marker band. In a variation, the thread may include at least 2 marker bands. In a variation, the thread may include at least 3 marker bands. In a variation, the thread may include at least 4 marker bands. In a variation, the thread may include at least 5 marker bands. In a variation, the thread may include at least 6 marker bands. The marker bands 118 may be separated from each other by a set distance. For example, each marker band may be separated by 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 3 mm. It will be appreciated that the radiopaque markers are configured to communicate a set distance to further facilitate the measurement of target tissue, to distinguish between multiple marked tissues, to demonstrate the distance of the hook from the targeted lesion, or to indicate a distance from the hook body to a biopsy marker clip. It will be appreciated that any arrangement of radiopaque markers is contemplated.
The tissue marking device 100 may further include a handle assembly 110. As seen in
The needle 106 has a lumen that is open on a first end and a second end. In a variation, the needle 106 is a 16 gauge needle. In a variation, the needle 106 is a 17 gauge needle. In a variation, the needle 106 is an 18 gauge needle. In a variation, the needle 106 is a 19 gauge needle. In a variation, the needle 106 is a 20 gauge needle. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 5 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 7 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 8 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 10 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 12 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 14 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 16 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is at least 20 cm long. In a variation, the needle 106 is less than 20 cm long. The needle 106 is attached to the distal end of the handle body 111. The needle 106 may be reversibly or irreversibly attached to the distal end of the handle body 111.
The stylet 108 may be a tube that is open on a first end and second end. The stylet 108 is configured to sit within the needle 106 and hold the thread 104 within its lumen. The first end of the stylet 108 may extend into the handle body 111 and the second end of the stylet 108 may rest on or near the proximal end of the hook body 102.
The stylet 108 may have a diameter sufficient to fit within the lumen of the needle 106 while being the same diameter or smaller than the diameter of the hook body 102. This allows for the stylet 108 to push on the proximal end of the hook body 102 to push the hook body 102 out of the needle and into the target tissue. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter less than the diameter of the lumen of the needle 106. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter of less than 1.5 mm. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter of less than 1 mm. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter of less than 0.75 mm. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter of less than 0.5 mm. In a variation, the stylet 108 may have an outer diameter of at least 0.5 mm. In a variation, lumen of the stylet 108 may have a diameter of at least 0.25 mm. In a variation, lumen of the stylet 108 may have a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. In a variation, lumen of the stylet 108 may have a diameter of less than 0.75 mm. In a variation, lumen of the stylet 108 may have a diameter of less than 1 mm.
The stylet 108 may have a length that is at least the length of the needle 106. In a variation, the stylet 108 is longer than the needle 106. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 5 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 7 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 8 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 10 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 12 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 14 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 16 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is at least 20 cm long. In a variation, the stylet 108 is less than 20 cm long.
The handle body is designed to minimize size and weight of the device. It has an ergonomic grip and the hook assembly can be deployed with a simple turn of the handle. As seen in
As seen in
The handle body 111 may further include an opening for receiving a proximal end of the thread. In one variation, the plunger may further include an opening 120, as seen in
The handle body 111 or the plunger 112 may further include a locking mechanism 114. In a variation, the locking mechanism 114 is near the distal end of the plunger 112. The locking mechanism 114 may be a protrusion that fits within the guide 115 extending at least a portion of the length of the handle body 111. The locking mechanism 114 may be in a locked or unlocked position. When in the locked position, the locking mechanism 114 may be located within a recession 113 on the handle body 111 perpendicular to the guide 115 at the proximal end of the guide 115. To move the locking mechanism 114 to the unlocked position, the locking mechanism 114 is moved or rotated to be outside of the recession 113 to be within the guide 115. Because the locking mechanism is on the plunger, the plunger is moved or rotated such that the locking mechanism is outside the recession and within the guide to unlock the handle. In some variations, the recession has a length at least half the circumference of the handle body such that the plunger has to rotate at least 180° to unlock. The locking mechanism 114 may be connected to the plunger 112 such that the locking mechanism 114 prevents the actuation of the plunger 112 when the locking mechanism 114 is in the locked position.
The locking mechanism 114 prevents the hook assembly 105 from being accidentally deployed during assembly, shipment, and insertion of the needle. Because the tissue marking device 100 is a single use, non-removable device, the locking mechanism 114 is necessary to prevent accidental deployment until it is confirmed that the hook assembly will be deployed in the desired location of the target tissue.
In a variation, the handle body 111 may further include a grip 116. In a variation, the grip 116 may be a two finger grip for easy manipulation by the physician, as seen in
In use, the hook assembly 105 is seated in the second end of the needle 106 and stylet 108 such that the hooks 101 and retention mechanism 107 are in the compressed configuration. The handle assembly 110, by way of the needle 106, is forced in the breast until the second end of the needle 106 reaches the target tissue. The locking mechanism 114 is rotated from the recession 113 into the guide 115 to be in the unlocked position. The plunger 112 is pressed by the thumb or another finger of the user. The first end of the stylet 108 is then pressed by the plunger 112 causing the hook body 102 to extend past the second end of the needle 106, open/deploy the hooks 101, and embed in the target tissue. The needle 106 and stylet 108 are removed from the tissue using the handle body 111, leaving the thread 104 protruding from the skin and attached to the hook body 102.
A description of a method for marking tissue for removal using a tissue marking device, as illustrated in
Referring now to
The use of the tissue marking device allows for the safe separation of treatment days. The separation of treatment days provides time for the hook assembly to be properly placed and then patient can return on a different day for surgery instead of being rushed to surgery on the same day and being severely restricted on movement for fear of the marker migrating. In addition, the separation of treatment days overcomes the inefficiencies created trying to coordinate radiology, surgery, operating room, and patient physical location when the localization and surgery are on the same day.
In another variation,
Referring now to
Unlike conventional wire marker devices, the hook assembly can be embedded in a target tissue and still allow a patient to perform most normal activities. This allows the hook assembly to be placed far in advance of the surgery. The structure of the hook body with hooks and retention mechanism may allow for the hook assembly to flex with the patient's movements and thus not migrate within the target tissue. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 15 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 10 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 8 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 6 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 5 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 4 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 2 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 1 mm from its original placement location. In a variation, the hook body may only migrate up to 0.5 mm from its original placement location. In addition, the thread may further allow for the patient's movements to not affect the hook body placement. The flexible thread may impart less tension on the hook body as compared to a standard wire such that it flexes instead of pulling on the hook body. In some variations, the hook assembly may have a pull force of greater than 380 g.
In some variations, the method may further include surgically removing the hook assembly and target tissue on a separate day from when the hook assembly was implanted. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 24 hours before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed more than 24 hours before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 2 days before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 5 days before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 8 days before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 10 days before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be placed up to 12 days before surgery. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed at least 24 hours after implantation. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed up to 2 days after implantation. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed up to 5 days after implantation. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed up to 8 days after implantation. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed up to 10 days after implantation. In a variation, the hook assembly may be removed up to 12 days after implantation.
A tissue marking device comprising: a hook assembly having a compressed configuration and a deployed configuration, the hook assembly comprising: a hook body comprising at least two hooks; and a thread connected to the hook body; and a handle assembly for positioning the hook assembly in a targeted tissue comprising: a handle body having a proximal end and a distal end; a needle having a lumen with an open first end and a second end; and a stylet having a lumen with an open first end and a second end, wherein the hook body and the stylet are within the lumen of the needle and the thread is within the lumen of the stylet when the hook assembly is in the compressed configuration.
A tissue marking device comprising: a hook body having a proximal end and a distal end, the hook body comprising at least two hooks, wherein the hook body has a compressed configuration and a deployed configuration.
A tissue marking device comprising: a hook body comprising at least two hooks; a metal thread crimped or welded to the proximal end of the hook body.
A tissue marking device comprising: a handle assembly comprising: a handle body having a proximal end and a distal end; a needle having a lumen with an open first end and a second end, the needle lumen configured to contain a hook body in a compressed configuration; and a stylet having a lumen with an open first end and a second end, the stylet configured to be within the lumen of the needle and the stylet lumen configured to contain a thread connected to the hook body.
The handle body comprises a plunger and a locking mechanism. The first end of the stylet is connected to the plunger such that pressing the plunger extends the hook body into the target tissue. The handle body further comprises a recession and guide for positioning the locking mechanism in a locked and unlocked position, respectively. The hook body comprises two hooks. The hook body comprises three hooks. The tissue hook body comprises at least two hooks separated by 180°, 120°, 90°, 45°, or a combination thereof. The hook body comprises at least two hooks having a straight configuration or curved configuration. The hook body comprises a laser cut nitinol tube. The thread is selected from a chromium cobalt, stainless steel, nitinol, or Kevlar thread. The thread is crimped or welded to a proximal end of the hook body. The hook body has at least one radiopaque marker. The thread has at least one radiopaque marker. The first end of the needle is connected to the distal end of the handle body.
A method of marking a target tissue in a patient comprising: inserting a tissue marking device into a patient, the tissue marking device comprising: a hook assembly comprising a hook body with at least two hooks and a thread; and a handle assembly comprising a stylet, a needle, and a handle body comprising a locking mechanism and a plunger; confirming the location of the needle such that the hook body is near the target tissue; unlocking the locking mechanism on the handle body; depressing the plunger to extend the hook body past the needle and open the at least two hooks to embed the hook body in the target tissue; and removing the needle and the stylet from the patient.
The method further comprises loading the hook assembly into the handle assembly. The method further comprises securing the thread to the patient's skin. The method further comprises having the patient return at least 24 hours later for surgery. The patient returns up to 12 days later for surgery. The hook assembly has a compressed configuration and a deployed configuration. The hook body and the stylet are within the lumen of the needle and the thread is within the lumen of the stylet when the hook assembly is in the compressed configuration. The handle body further comprises a recession and guide for positioning the locking mechanism in a locked and unlocked position, respectively. The hook body comprises two hooks. The hook body comprises three hooks. The hook body comprises at least two hooks separated by 180°, 120°, 90°, 45°, or a combination thereof. The hook body comprises at least two hooks having a straight configuration or curved configuration. The hook body comprises a laser cut nitinol tube. The thread is selected from a chromium cobalt, stainless steel, nitinol, or Kevlar thread. The thread is crimped or welded to a proximal end of the hook body. The hook body has at least one radiopaque marker. The thread has at least one radiopaque marker. The target tissue is within the patient's breast.
In all variations and embodiments provided herein the thread can be chromium cobalt, stainless steel, nitinol, and Kevlar. In some variations, the thread can be chromium cobalt. In some variations, the thread can be stainless steel. In some variations, the thread can be nitinol. In some variations, the thread can be Kevlar. In some variations, the thread can be a wire. In some variations, the thread can be a single unit or a braid, such as a braided cable, or high-tensile strength braided suture used in such applications as orthopedic surgery.
In at least one example, as illustrated in
In some examples, the release mechanism 150 can also include a release portion 156 which is operable to receive the release ring 152 when the release ring 152 is driven out of the groove 154. For example, the release ring 152 can be driven out of the groove 154 when the release ring 152 abuts the handle body 111 and the plunger 112 is pushed with enough force that the release ring 152 is driven out of the groove 154 and onto or into the release portion 156. When the release ring 152 is driven onto and/or into the release portion 156, the thread 104 is released out of the groove 154 and is freely accessible.
Referring also to
When the positioning of the hook assembly 105 is confirmed, the tissue marking device 100 can be set into the full release position as illustrated in
When the release ring 152 is drive out of the groove 154 to the release portion 156, the thread 104 is released from the groove 154 such that the proximal end of the thread 104 is free. When the hook assembly 105 is fully deployed such that the tissue marking device 100 is set into the full release position, the needle 106 can be retracted from the patient while the hook assembly 105 and a portion of the thread 104 remains inside the body. The thread 104 is released from the tissue marking device 100 through the needle 106 so that the needle 106 and handle assembly 110 can be removed. A portion of the thread 104 can extend out of the tissue of the patient.
The retention mechanism 107 and the hooks 101 restrict migration of the hook assembly 105 such that the hook assembly 105 can remain in the patient for an extended period of time. For example, the placement of the hook assembly 105 may occur on a separate day from the surgery to remove the target tissue. In some examples, the placement of the hook assembly 105 may occur up to five days in advance from surgery to remove the target tissue. In some examples, the placement of the hook assembly 105 may occur up to seven days in advance from surgery to remove the target tissue.
The plunger can be selectively to in a full release position, a partial release position, or a fully retracted position. In some variations, the head portion 112 of the plunger 112 may be engaged by a user for selectively moving the plunger, such as for selectively positioning the tissue marking device 100 in a full release position, a partial release position, or a fully retracted position. The proximal end of the plunger, e.g., including the head portion 112 of the plunger 112, may, in variations, be positioned away from the handle assembly 110 (i.e., spaced apart from the handle assembly) when the tissue marking device 100 in a fully retracted position (refer to
In a variation, the plunger 112 may be a unitary and monolithically-formed plunger. In other variations, the plunger 112 may include a first member 112a and a second member 112b, such as is illustrated in
The plunger can include a channel extending therethrough. In some variations, he channel may extend through a head portion of the plunger. In some variations, the channel can be configured to permit a thread to pass therethrough. In some variations, the channel may extend through the head portion of the plunger. In some variations, the channel may extend through a sidewall of the plunger. In some variations, the channel may extend through both the head portion of the plunger and a sidewall of the plunger.
In some variations, the channel may include one or more thread engagement features configured retain the thread in position within the plunger, such as is illustrated in
In a variation, at least a portion of the first member 112a may define a portion of a channel 112e extending therethrough. The channel 112e may generally be configured to permit the thread 104 to pass therethrough. In a variation, the channel 112e may extend through the head portion 112d of the plunger 112. In another variation, the channel 112e may extend through a sidewall of the plunger 112. In yet another variation, the channel 112e may extend through both the head portion 112d of the plunger 112 and a sidewall of the plunger 112. As such, the thread 104 may generally extend through the plunger 112 (e.g., through the channel 112e thereof) and extend out of the plunger 112 through the head portion 112d or the sidewall of the plunger.
In a variation, the first member 112a may include one or more thread engagement features 123. The thread engagement feature(s) 123 may generally be configured to to retain the thread 104 in position within the plunger 112 (e.g., create a mechanical lock), such as is illustrated in
In some variations, the plunger can include a handle engaging element. The handle engaging element may be positioned at the distal end thereof. The handle engaging element may be positioned adjacent to thread engagement feature(s). In a variation, the thread engagement feature(s) may be positioned on the handle engaging element. As explained herein, the handle engaging element may be configured to interface with the handle assembly (e.g., the inner wall thereof), such as is illustrated in
In a variation, the second member 112b may include an handle engaging element 112c. The handle engaging element 112c of the second member 112b may be positioned at the distal end thereof. In a variation, the handle engaging element 112c of the second member 112b may be positioned adjacent thread engagement feature(s) 125 of the second member. In a variation, the thread engagement feature(s) 125 of the second member 112b may be positioned on the handle engaging element 112c. As explained herein, the handle engaging element 112c may be configured to interface with the handle assembly 110 (e.g., the inner wall thereof), such as is illustrated in
As described above, the thread engagement features 123, 125 of the first and second members 112a, 112b may generally be configured to create a mechanical lock so as to retain the thread 104 in position within the plunger 112. By way of non-limiting example, the thread engagement features 123, 125 of the first and second members 112a, 112b may be configured to impart a force (e.g., a compressive force) upon the thread 104 as the thread passes thereby or therethrough. The mechanical lock imparted by the thread engagement features 123, 125 may be created due to the interface between the handle engaging element 112c of the plunger 112 and the handle assembly 110 (e.g., the inner wall thereof), such as is illustrated in
The thread engagement features can be formed of unitary construction, without a first member 112a and second member 112b. That is to say, the engagement members can be formed in a plunger that does not include two independent parts, and of unitary construction. Likewise, the locking mechanism can be formed of unitary construction in the plunger.
When fully deployed, the retention mechanism as well as the hooks are deployed such that the hook assembly is embedded in the tissue of the patient at the desired location. In some examples, the retention mechanism may prevent the hook body or hook assembly from retracting back into the needle once the hook assembly has been deployed.
Conversely, the handle engaging element 111c of the handle body 111 may be selectively positioned such that the handle engaging element 111c of the handle body 111 does not engage or interface with (e.g., does not receive and/or retain) the handle engaging element 112c of the plunger 112 when the tissue marking device 100 is in the fully retracted position (refer to
With reference to
As illustrated in
In variations, the ramp or retaining ridge 111d may extend from adjacent an unlocking feature 111a of the handle body 111 and may terminate at a locking feature 111b of the handle body 111. In variations, the ramp or retaining ridge 111d of the handle body 111 may be tapered from adjacent the unlocking feature 111a of the handle body 111 to the locking feature 111b of the handle body 111, such as is illustrated in
The locking feature 111b of the handle body 111 may generally be configured to engage or interface with (e.g., by receiving and/or retaining) the handle engaging element 112c of the plunger 112. The locking feature 111b of the handle body 111 may generally be of any suitable size and shape for engaging or interfacing with the handle engaging element 112c of the plunger 112 so as to prevent or retard the plunger 112 from being capable of being moved within the handle assembly 110 from the fully retracted position as described above. By way of non-limiting example, in variations, the locking feature 111b of the handle body 111 may be a notch or cavity extending inwardly into the handle body 111 at the proximal end of the handle assembly 100. By way of further non-limiting example, in variations, the locking feature 111b of the handle body 111 may be an aperture or window extending through the handle body 111 at the proximal end of the handle assembly 100. In the aforementioned variations, the locking feature 111b may extend inwardly into or through the handle body 111 so as to facilitate the above-described receipt and/or retainment of the handle engaging element 112c of the plunger 112, such as is illustrated in
In at least one example, the marker bands 118 may include platinum-iridium. In some examples, the marker bands 118 may include nitinol. In some examples, the marker bands 118 may include material such that the marker bands 118 may be visible by an imaging mechanism. For example, the material of the marker bands 118 may be fluorescent. In at least one example, one or more of the marker bands 118 may each extend radially from the thread 104 and/or the hook assembly 105 such that the marker bands 118 can serve as a tactile guide. For example, the marker bands 118 may include a palpable bead. The palpable beads may be placed at 1 centimeter intervals to produce a rapid visual reference to the lesion and provide an excellent reference point for the surgeon.
In at least one example, the hook assembly 105 can be detected by one or more imaging modalities at any stage of partial deployment. In some examples, the hook assembly 105 can be detected by one or more imaging modalities at any stage of full deployment. In at least one example, one or more of the marker bands 118 can be detected by one or more imaging modalities at any stage of partial deployment. In some examples, one or more of the marker bands 118 can be detected by one or more imaging modalities at any stage of full deployment.
In some examples, the imaging modalities may include mammography. For example, the needle 106 can be placed in the breast of the patient. The needle 106 may include measurement markings to judge depth. An x-ray from a single plane at a time may be taken to determine whether the needle 106 extends through the mass. The needle 106 can then be removed, and another x-ray may be taken to confirm the hook assembly 105 is positioned correctly, for example slightly past the mass. The marker bands 118 can assist in confirming the relative placement of the hook assembly 105.
In some examples, the imaging modalities may include tomosynthesis. For example, the needle 106 can be placed in the breast of the patient. The needle 106 may include measurement markings to judge depth. Images, such as x-ray images, from multiple angles or planes may be taken to determine whether the needle 106 extends through the mass. By taking images from multiple angles, a three-dimensional map of the anatomy of the patient and the marker bands 118 may be produced. The needle 106 can then be removed, and another set of images may be taken to confirm the hook assembly 105 is positioned correctly, for example slightly past the mass. The marker bands 118 can assist in confirming the relative placement of the hook assembly 105.
In some examples, the imaging modalities may include ultrasound. For example, the needle 106 can be placed in the breast of the patient, and the user can have real-time feedback on the relative location of the needle 106 with the ultrasound imaging. When the hook assembly 105 is deployed, the needle 106 can be removed, and an image, for example an x-ray taken in a mammography suite, may be taken to confirm the hook assembly 105 is positioned correctly, for example slightly past the mass. The marker bands 118 can assist in confirming the relative placement of the hook assembly 105.
The marker bands 118 are each separated, for example along the thread 104, a predetermined distance. Accordingly, the marker bands 118 can accurately be used as a measuring tool. When the stylet 108 pushes the hook assembly 105 out of the needle 106, the thread 104 may bend or kink. To prevent such bending, in at least one example as illustrated in
The front marker band 119 may have a larger diameter and extend radially from the thread 104 a greater amount than the subsequent marker bands 118. As illustrated in
In at least one example, instead of abutting the front marker band 119, the stylet 108 may extend over all of the marker bands 118 including the front marker band 119 and abut and push against a portion of the hook assembly 105. In at least one example, the thread 104 may include an extension portion disposed proximate to the hook assembly 105 between the hook assembly 105 and the front marker band 119. The extension portion may extend radially from the thread 104 and is operable to abut against the stylet 108 to deploy the hook assembly 105.
In at least one example, the stylet 108 is operable to abut the front marker band 119 to push the marker band 119 and hook assembly 105 out of the needle, but can detach from the front marker band 119 so that the stylet 108 can be retracted and removed from the patient along with the needle 106, leaving the hook assembly 105 and a portion of the thread 104. In at least one example, the front marker band 119 may have an end squared off to abut against the stylet 108. In some examples, to enable the hook assembly 105, the thread 104, and/or the front marker band 119 to rotate along with the stylet 108, the end of the front marker band 119 may include a mating feature to correspond with a mating feature at the end of the stylet 108. For example, the mating features may include one or more extensions operable to abut one another upon rotation and enable rotation of the front marker band 119 along with the stylet 108. In at least one example, the mating features may include crown-shaped extensions, rectangular-shaped extensions, or any other suitable shaped extensions.
The kit 400 can include a container 402 such as a tray to contain the tissue marking device 100 and corresponding components 406-418. In some examples, as illustrated in
The body 502 can form at least one hole 506, 508 to assist in securing the thread 104 so that the thread 104 does not easily loosen and/or release from the thread retention mechanism 500. As illustrated in
Additionally, in at least one example, the thread retention mechanism 500 can secure the end of the thread 104 to prevent the end of the thread 104 from pressing against and/or poke the patient causing discomfort. By securing the thread 104, the thread 104 can be managed over the period of time before surgery, for example up to seven days in advance of surgery. As illustrated in
A spool 606 can extend from the body 602. The spool 606 can be operable to receive the thread 104 such that the thread 104 can be wrapped around the spool 606. The body 602 and/or the spool 606 can form an aperture 610 through which the thread 104 can be passed from below the thread retention mechanism 600. In other words, the thread 104 can be passed through the aperture 610 from the opposing side of the body 602 from the spool 606, across the body 602, and through the spool 606. The thread 104 can pass from the side of the body 602 with the adhesive layer 603 to the side of the body 602 without the adhesive layer 603.
As illustrated in
As the adhesive layer 603 can be adhered to the patient, for example near the point of exit for the thread 104 from the patient, and the thread retention mechanism 420 can retain any excess thread 104, the securement process of the thread 104 can be standardized. Accordingly, the chance of infection can be reduced, and the likelihood of the thread 104 becoming loose during the period between placement and surgery is limited. Additionally, with the thread 104 being secured by the thread retention mechanism 600, and in some examples along with a dressing covering the thread 104, undesired movement of the hook assembly 105 after deployment in the target tissue can be minimized or prevented as the thread 104 may not be inadvertently pulled. The hook assembly 105 may then remain in place for an extended period of time prior to surgery, for example up to seven days.
In some examples, the thread 104 can be threaded through the thread receiving component 704 through an aperture or hole in the body 702 and the thread receiving component 704. In some examples, the body 702 and/or the thread receiving component 704 may include a channel through which the thread 104 can pass into the thread receiving component 704. With the channel, the thread 104 does not need to be threaded through an aperture or a hole, and can be inserted into the thread receiving component 704. In some examples, the thread 104 can be slid into the thread receiving component 704.
In at least one example, at least a portion of the thread 104 can be wrapped around the thread receiving component 704 in that the thread receiving component 704 can serve as a spool and retain any excess thread 104. In some examples, a separate spool may be provided such that at least a portion of the thread 104 can be wrapped around the spool to retain any excess thread 104.
As illustrated in
In at least one example, the tool 750 can secure the thread 104 in the thread retention mechanism 700 by deforming the thread receiving component 704. For example, the tool 750 may crimp the thread receiving component 704 such that the body of the thread receiving component 704 pinches the thread 104 and prevents the thread 104 from moving.
The deformation portion 756 can include recesses formed into each of the two portions of the head 752. The recesses of the deformation portion 756 can be substantially semi-circular such that when the two portions of the head 752 are brought together, the recesses form substantially a circle. While the deformation portion 756 as illustrated in
After the thread 104 is secured, in some examples, the tool 750 can be removed. The user can test that the thread 104 is secured by lightly pulling the thread retention mechanism 700 from the patient. However, to ensure that the hook assembly 105 does not move, the pulling force must be very gentle.
After the thread 104 is secured, the excess thread 104 can be cut so that no excess thread 104 extends from the patient. The thread 104 can be cut at the thread receiving component 704 such that little to no thread 104 extends from the thread receiving component 704 of the thread retention mechanism 700. In at least one example, the thread 104 can be cut with the same tool 750 that secured the thread 104. For example, as illustrated in
In some examples, the thread 104 can be secured and cut with the tool 750 in one step. For example, a switch 754 can be actuated which can secure the thread 104 by deforming the thread receiving component 704 and cut the excess thread extending from the thread receiving component 704 without the need of any additional steps. In some examples, the thread 104 can be cut with a different cutting tool such as scissors, a blade, and/or any other suitable tool that can cut the thread 104.
As illustrated in
In a variation, the thread retention mechanism 2100 may be in the form of a bandage, such as is illustrated in
The inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 may be configured to contact the thread 104 so as to retain the thread in abutment with or proximity to the patient. In a variation, the inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 may include an adhesive disposed thereon. In such a variation, the adhesive disposed on the inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 may generally be configured so as to assist in maintaining the thread 104 (e.g., a coiled portion of the thread external the patient) in abutment with or proximity to the patient while also avoiding undesired over-attachment to the thread 104 that could cause moving and/or pulling of the thread 104 and subsequently the hook assembly 105 when the thread retention mechanism 2100 is removed. In variations in which the inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 includes an adhesive, the adhesive present on the inner portion may generally be of lesser adhesiveness (e.g., of lesser adhesive quality and/or of lesser adhesive strength) than the adhesive present on the outer portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100. In other variations, the inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 may be devoid of any adhesive, such as is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in
In variations in which the thread 104 is configured to coil upon itself, the thread retention mechanism 2100 may be smaller than the type of retention mechanism (e.g., 4″×4″ Tegaderm patches) typically employed. By way of non-limiting example, the thread retention mechanism 2100 may have a diameter of less than or equal to 2″ (e.g., a 2″ circular bandage), with the outer portion 2110 having a diameter of less than or equal to 0.375″ and the inner portion 2120 having a diameter of less than or equal to 1.25″. The thread retention mechanism 2100 (including the inner portion 2120 and the outer portion 2110 thereof) may be of any desired shape and/or size to suit a particular application. By way of further non-limiting example, the outer portion 2110 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 may be of a generally circular shape (such as is illustrated in
In a variation, a non-adhesive component (e.g., gauze) may be situated between the inner portion 2120 of the thread retention mechanism 2100 and the thread 104 so as to prevent direct contact between the thread and the thread retention mechanism 2100.
The below description and described figures discuss components which, individually or any combination of the components, can be incorporated and/or combined with any of the features discussed above for
The handle grip 106 can be connected to or contiguous with a knob portion 108. The knob portion 108 can be a portion of the handle 102 housing a knob 112 for controlling the tissue localization device 100. The knob portion 108 can include an orientation arch 114. The orientation arch 114 can be a curved protuberance extending out from a surface of the handle 102. The orientation arch 114 can help a user properly orient the tissue localization device 100 by informing the user of the deployed curvature of a localization element 116. For example, the orientation arch 114 can have a half-oval or bow-shaped curvature denoting a direction and/or plane of curvature of the localization element 116 when deployed.
The knob 112 can be barrel or ellipsoid-shaped component for controlling the deployment or retraction of the localization element 116. The knob 112 can be a separate component attached to the handle 102 at the knob portion 108. The knob 112 can be positioned in proximity to the orientation arch 114. The knob 112 can have longitudinal ridges or grooves. The longitudinal ridges or grooves of the knob 112 can allow a user to more easily rotate the knob 112. The knob 112 can be rotated in a clockwise direction, a counterclockwise direction, or combinations thereof. The knob 112 can freely rotate until the localization element 116 is deployed out of the tissue localization device 100. A user can hold the handle grip 106 of the handle 102 with one hand and use the fingers of the same hand to rotate the knob 112 to control the deployment or retraction of the localization element 116.
The knob portion 108 can be connected to or contiguous with the handle nose 110. The handle nose 110 can be a portion of the handle 102 coupled to or housing a portion of the delivery needle 104. The handle nose 110 can include a nozzle or luer end 118. The luer end 118 can fixedly secure a packaging needle cover tube (not shown) to the handle 102. The luer end 118 can be cross-shaped, conical, rectangular, frustoconical, or combinations thereof.
The handle 102, the knob 112, or combinations thereof can be fabricated from or made of a polymer such as an injection molded polymer. For example, the handle 102, the knob 112, or combinations thereof can be composed of or comprise acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic, polycarbonate, polypropylene (PP), or combinations thereof. The handle 102 can also be fabricated from or include parts fabricated from glass-filled polymers, metals or metal alloys such as stainless steel, or combinations thereof.
The handle 102 can have a longitudinal dimension of between 100.0 mm and 200.00 mm. For example, the handle 102 can have a longitudinal dimension of approximately 155.0 mm. When the handle grip 106 is shaped as a cylinder, the handle grip 106 can have a diameter between 9.0 mm and 13.0 mm. For example, the handle grip 106 can have a diameter of approximately 11.0 mm.
The delivery needle 104 can include a needle tip 120 and a needle base 122. The needle tip 120 can be an end of the delivery needle 104 for puncturing the skin of a patient and deploying the localization element 116. The delivery needle 104 can have a needle lumen. The needle lumen can be a hollow cavity within the delivery needle 104 for storing or housing the localization element 116, a tracking wire 126, a portion therein, or combinations thereof.
The needle tip 120 can have a beveled or deflected tip or point. The needle tip 120 can also include a blade, a sharpened edge, or a cutting edge. For example, the needle tip 120 can include a hypodermic point bevel, an intradermal point bevel, a deflected point septum, or combinations thereof. The needle tip 120 can also have a bevel angle of between 15 degrees and 45 degrees.
The needle base 122 can be partially housed or secured by the luer end 118, the handle nose 110, other internal handle components, or combinations thereof. The delivery needle 104 can include one or more depth markers 124 in between the needle tip 120 and the needle base 122. The depth markers 124 can be markings, etchings, or surface indentations on the surface of the delivery needle 104 in between the needle tip 120 and the needle base 122. The depth markers 124 can assist a user, such as a surgeon, radiologist or other imaging professional, to insert the delivery needle 104 into the tissue site of the patient. The depth markers 124 can be separated by increments of millimeters, centimeters, inches, or combinations thereof.
The delivery needle 104 can be made of metal, a metal alloy such as stainless steel, or a rigid medical grade polymer. The delivery needle 104 can have a diameter of between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm. The delivery needle 104 can have a diameter of approximately 1.0 mm.
The delivery needle 104, for example when made from a rigid medical polymer, can include or be covered by a radiopaque material or coating. The radiopaque material or coating can include gold or gold coating, platinum or platinum coating, tungsten or tungsten coating, iridium or iridium coating, tantalum or tantalum coating, barium sulfate, rhodium, or combinations thereof.
The delivery needle can have an echogenic surface such as can be generated by sandblasting or beadblasting on portions of the needle, such as at the distal tip, for example, to enhance visualization of the needle or portions thereof during clinical ultrasound imaging.
The tracking wire 126 can be used to track the deployment or insertion path of the delivery needle 104, the localization element 116, or combinations thereof combinations thereof into the patient. The tracking wire 126, or a portion therein, can be housed within the handle 102 when the localization element 116 is not deployed or not fully deployed. A segment of the tracking wire 126 can also be located outside the handle 102 when the localization element 116 is not deployed or not fully deployed. For example, a segment of the tracking wire 126 can extend out of an end of the handle 102 proximate to the handle grip 106 when the localization element 116 is not deployed or not fully deployed.
The localization element 116 can follow its deployment trajectory 200 to achieve a predetermined shape 202. The predetermined shape 202 can include a circular shape, an oval, a spiral shape, or combinations thereof combinations thereof. In other variations, the predetermined shape 202 can include a triangular shape, a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or combinations thereof combinations thereof. The deployment trajectory 200 can be a trajectory or path mimicking or following such a predetermined shape 202. For example, the localization element 116 can have the predetermined shape 202 of a two-dimensional circle and the localization element 116 can emerge from the delivery needle 104 in a circular trajectory.
For example, the localization element 116 can have predetermined shape 202 of a circle or loop having a diameter of between 10.0 to 40.0 mm. The localization element 116 can have a predetermined shape 202 of a circle or loop having a diameter of approximately 25.0 mm.
For example, the localization element 116 can exit or emerge out of the needle tip 120 of the delivery needle 104 when the knob 112 is turned in the first rotational direction 204. The localization element 116 can exit or emerge out of the needle tip 120 in a reverse loop trajectory representing the deployment trajectory 200 of the localization element 116. The reverse loop trajectory can be a substantially circular trajectory curving backward toward the needle base 122 of the delivery needle 104. The localization element 116 can initially curve upward or in a direction toward the apex or top of the orientation arch 114 before looping backwards toward the needle base 122. In other variations, the localization element 116 can initially curve downward or in a direction away from the apex or top of the orientation arch 114 before looping backwards toward the needle base 122.
The localization element 116 can have a retraction trajectory 208 when retracting back into the delivery needle 104. The retraction trajectory 208 can be the reverse or opposite of the deployment trajectory 200. For example, when the deployment trajectory 200 is an upward curving loop trajectory as shown in
The localization element 116 can re-enter or retract back into the needle tip 120 of the delivery needle 104 when the knob 112 is turned in the second rotational direction 208. The localization element 116 can re-enter or retract back into the needle tip 120 by reversing or retracing the deployment trajectory 200 of the localization element 116.
The localization element 116 can include or be covered by a radiopaque material or coating. The radiopaque material or coating can include gold or gold coating, platinum or platinum coating, tungsten or tungsten coating, iridium or iridium coating, tantalum or tantalum coating, barium sulfate, rhodium, hydrophilic and other lubricious coatings, or combinations thereof.
The pusher element 300 can include a pusher tip 302. The pusher tip 302 can be a portion of the pusher element 300 removeably attached to the localization element 116. The pusher tip 302 can have a window 304. The window 304 can be a partial opening or cutaway section along the pusher tip 302.
The localization element 116 can include an element base 308 and an element tip 306. The element base 308 can be a portion of the localization element 116 configured to be removeably attached to the pusher element 300. The element tip 306 can be an end of the localization element 116 distal to the element base 308. The element tip 306 can be configured to pierce or cut through patient tissue. The element tip 306 can have a beveled edge, a sharpened edge, a pointed tip, or combinations thereof.
The eyelet frame 310 can fit within the window 304 of the pusher element 300 to allow the pusher element 300 to engage with the localization element 116. The portion of the pusher element 300 distal to the window 304 can partially surround the narrow portion 312 of the element base 308 when the eyelet frame 310 is within the window 304.
The tracking wire 932 can comprise or be composed of a metal or metal alloy such as stainless steel. The tracking wire 932 can comprise or be composed of a cable for flexibility, tensile strength, and low-profile. For example, the cable can be a 19-filament metal wire cable. In other variations, the tracking wire 932 can comprise or be composed of a braided cable such as a high-tensile strength braided suture used in such applications as orthopedic surgery.
A polymer jacketing 1132 can cover or ensheath at least part of the tracking wire 932. The polymer jacketing 1132 can also cover or ensheath the attachment site 1130. The polymer jacketing 1132 can be a heat-shrink polymer or tube wrapped around the tracking wire 932. At least part of the tracking wire 932 can be positioned within the pusher lumen 1126, the needle lumen 918, and the handle lumen 1008 when the localization element 930 is detachably held by or detachably interlocks with the pusher element 920. By jacketing the side-by-side portions of the tracking wire 932, the tracking wire 932 behaves as one filament, making it easier for the clinician to handle the tracking wire 932 for example during coiling or subsequently during surgical specimen removal.
Once the localization element 930 has detached from the pusher element 920, the tracking wire 932 can exit the pusher lumen 1126 and the needle lumen 918 as the delivery needle 906 is retracted away from the deployed localization element 930. For example, the localization element 930 can be deployed out of the delivery needle 906 within the tissue of a patient. In this example, an operator of the tissue localization device 900 can slowly retract the delivery needle 906 out of the tissue of the patient. As the delivery needle 906 is retracted out of the patient, more of the tracking wire 932 can be exposed. As will discussed in the following sections, at least a segment of the tracking wire 932 can remain within the tissue of the patient after the delivery needle 906 is removed from the patient.
The localization element 930 can be retracted back into the delivery needle 906 when at least a portion of the eyelet frame 1106 is still positioned within the delivery port 1118.
The tracking wire 932 can automatically change its spatial alignment relative to the localization element 930 once the localization element 930 is detached from the rest of the delivery system of the tissue localization device 900. For example, when the tracking wire 932 is aligned tangential to the curled localization element 930, the localization element 930 can be more susceptible to inadvertent displacement within the tissue of the patient when the tracking wire 932 is pulled or when the patient moves. Changing the spatial alignment of the tracking wire 932 relative to the localization element 930 can make the deployed localization element 930 more difficult to displace within the tissue of the patient by pulling on the tracking wire 932 or when the patient moves. In addition, changing the alignment of the tracking wire 932 relative to the localization element 930 from a tangential alignment to a secant or non-tangential alignment can reduce the risk that the localization element 930 inadvertently retracts out of the tissue of the patient when the tracking wire 932 is being pulled by the patient or a health professional or when a patient moves.
The dorsal liner 1300 can act as an additional safeguard against the inadvertent detachment of the localization element 930 from the pusher element 920 when the localization element 930 is being translated through the needle lumen 918. For example, the dorsal liner 1300 along with the port base 1124 of the pusher element 920 can act as an additional layer of material to hold the eyelet frame 1106 within the delivery port 1118 when the localization element 930 is within the needle lumen 918 or in motion through the needle lumen 918.
The polymer liner 1200 including the dorsal liner 1300 and the ventral liner 1302 can be, attached, in part, to the pusher element 920. For example, the polymer liner 1200 can be attached to the pusher element 920 by UV cured adhesives. The polymer liner 1200 can be mechanically fitted to the pusher element 920 by methods such as crimping within the pusher plug 926.
The dorsal liner 1300 can once again join with the ventral liner 1302 to radially ensheath or surround the pusher element 920 when the pusher element 920 is translated in the second longitudinal direction 1006 back into the needle lumen 918. For example, the dorsal liner 1300 can once again join with the ventral liner 1302 when the localization element 930, along with the pusher element 920, is retracted back into the needle lumen 918. Also, for example, the dorsal liner 1300 can again join with the ventral liner 1302 when the localization element 930 is completely deployed out of the delivery needle 906 and the empty pusher element 920 is retracted back into the needle lumen 918.
The rounded edge 1404 can be positioned proximal to the two lateral sharpened edges 1408 and the needle tip 1410. The two lateral sharpened edges 1408 and the needle tip 1410 can be configured to pierce through the dermis and into the underlying tissue of the patient. The proximal rim 1406 of the beveled distal end 1400 can be the portion of the beveled distal end 1400 not included as part of the two lateral sharpened edges 1408 and the needle tip 1401. The rounded edge 1404 can be a surface feature of the proximal rim 1406 formed by smoothing or rounding out the edges of the proximal rim 1406. The rounded edge 1404 can have a radius. The rounded edge 1404 can reduce the mechanical trauma to the localization element 930 caused by an otherwise sharp-edged beveled distal end 1400.
The delivery needle 906 can have a needle dorsal side 1412 and a needle ventral side 1414 opposite the needle dorsal side 1412. The needle dimple 1402 can be a concavity, divot, or flattened region along the needle dorsal side 1412. The needle dimple 1402 can be shaped as a half-ellipsoid. In other variations, the needle dimple 1402 can be oval or oblong-shaped. The needle dimple 1402 can be proximal to the rounded edge 1404 of the beveled distal end 1400.
When the dimple width 1420 is less than the lumen diameter 1416, the lateral sides of the pusher element 920 can be unobstructed by the needle dimple 1402 as the pusher element 902 moves through the needle lumen 918. The needle dimple 1402 can allow the localization element 930 to more easily exit the beveled distal end 1400 of the delivery needle 906. For example, the needle dimple 1402 can reduce the likelihood of the eyelet frame 1106 from being inadvertently detached from the delivery port 1118 when the localization element 930 is being deployed out of the delivery needle 906.
For example, the indentation of the needle dimple 1402 on the needle lumen 918 of the delivery needle 906 causes the localization element 930 to be pushed away from the beveled distal end 1400 of the delivery needle 906 as it is retracted or advanced. This reduces the friction and/or abrasion of the localization element 930 against the beveled distal end 1400 of the delivery needle 906.
The needle dimple 1402 can allow the localization element 930 to be retracted into or deployed out of the beveled distal end 1400 of the delivery needle 906 when at least part of the localization element 930 has been deployed out of the delivery needle 906. As another example, the needle dimple 1402 can ensure the delivery port 1118 holds the eyelet frame 1106 by pushing the eyelet frame 1106 further into the delivery port 1118 when the pusher element 920 is being retracted into the needle lumen 918.
The tracking wire 932 can be coupled to the localization element 930 at a point in between the midpoint 1502 and the locator proximal end 1100 or in between the midpoint 1502 and the locator distal end 1102. The tracking wire 932 can be coupled to the midpoint 1502 or another point along the length of the localization element 930 other than the locator proximal end 1100 to prevent the tracking wire 932 from inadvertently displacing or retracting the localization element 930 when the localization element 930 is deployed within the tissue of a patient. For example, the tracking wire 932 can inadvertently displace or retract the localization element 930 when a user pulls on the tracking wire 932 or the patient moves after the localization element 930 is deployed within the tissue of the patient.
For example, the locator proximal end 1100 can be curved in alignment with the curvature plane 1600 and the locator distal end 1102 can be curved out of the curvature plane 1600. As shown in
Resistance capability towards traction force of the tissue marking device was examined. Turkey breast was used as a substitute for softer human breast tissue. Tissues were examined at room temperature. The tissues were compressed in a mammography unit using a compression force of 10 N. Four tissue marking devices (DFC “H” Hook) with a four arm configuration (two distal hooks and two proximal hooks) were inserted about 5 cm into the compressed tissues. Traction force was applied in each case for 1 second using an analogue Spring Scale starting with 50 g of pulling force (1000 g=9.81 Newton). Pulling force was increased in steps of 50 g. Table 1 below shows the pulling force observed to pull the device out of the tissue.
In general, the pull forces measured with the tissue marking devices tracked with or were greater than the localization devices currently available (see Kaul, et al., Dislocability of Localization Devices for Nonpalpable Breast Lesions: Experimental Results, Radiology Research and Practice, 2014).
To test any migration of the hook assembly in response to compression forces, a 3D printed test system with a motor and an electric cycle counter was created to hold and compress a breast equivalent gel. A hook body with a four arm configuration (two distal hooks and two proximal hooks) was injected into 1 inch of breast equivalent gel and pre and post compression measurements were taken with a caliper. The gel with the implanted hook body was compressed by 30% for each compression. A set of 100 compressions was performed and then a set of 1,000 compressions was performed to generally simulate normal activity for a patient. For each set, the hook body was assessed for movement from the position of the hook body before testing. Table 2 shows the movement observed before and after compressions.
The four arm hook body only migrated 0.01 mm after 100 compression cycles and 0.03 mm after 1000 compression cycles. Therefore, the four arm hook demonstrated minimal migration such that it may absorb compressions encountered in normal activity between the time of placing the hook assembly and surgery to remove the hook assembly and target tissue.
The particular variations disclosed above are illustrative only, as the variations may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. It is therefore evident that the particular variations disclosed above may be altered or modified, and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the application. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the description. Although the present variations are shown above, they are not limited to just these variations, but are amenable to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof. Additionally, a number of well-known processes and elements have not been described in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present disclosure. Accordingly, the above description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the disclosure.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the presently disclosed variations teach by way of example and not by limitation. Therefore, the matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings should be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. The following claims are intended to cover all generic and specific features described herein, as well as all statements of the scope of the present method and system, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.
This patent application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 63/014,265, entitled “Tissue Marking Device and Methods of Use Thereof,” filed on Apr. 23, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63014265 | Apr 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/US2021/028850 | Apr 2021 | US |
| Child | 17971250 | US |
