Patent Application
20060293207
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a stain remover, which is particularly useful for removing stains caused by hair dyeing preparations.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventional hair coloring preparations for permanently dyeing hair are usually applied to the hair by hand or brushing. Such preparations are typically dark in color, and often come in contact with, and stain the skin when applied, especially the scalp and face areas. Despite various efforts to improve application techniques (see for example U.S. Pat. No. 6,691,712) it remains difficult to apply hair color without staining the skin of the person being treated. Although it may be possible to remove light stains by scrubbing with soap and water, heavier stains, especially stains cause by higher quality preparations typically used in salons, are particularly difficult to remove in this manner, and often the user has to wait for a number of days for the stain to fade off the skin.
The present invention is for a stain remover containing tobacco ash as a primary ingredient. The stain remover is particularly useful for removing stains caused by hair coloring preparations. The stain remover acts quickly and effectively to remove the dye which inevitably gets on the skin, particularly on the scalp and facial areas, when applying hair color. The stain remover can further be applied to the scalp, underneath the hair, for removing stains from the scalp, without removing the color from the hair itself. The tobacco ash stain remover works on stains which are difficult to remove with soap and water, and may otherwise stay on the user's skin for days. Other stain removing, cleansing, and cosmetic applications are also described.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a stain remover and method for removing stains.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a stain remover and method for removing stains caused by hair dyeing preparations.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a stain remover and method for removing stains from the skin and scalp of a person.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a composition suitable for topical applications containing tobacco ash as a primary ingredient.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from a review of the following specification.
The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of exemplary embodiments and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the embodiments may be constructed and/or utilized. The description also sets forth the functions and the sequence of steps for constructing and operating the invention in connection with the illustrated embodiments. However, it is to be understood that the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different embodiments that are also intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention.
The present invention is for a stain remover containing tobacco ash as a primary ingredient. The stain remover is particularly suitable for removing stains left on the scalp and face by hair coloring preparations, and can be used on salon and personal use dyes. The stain remover can further be used on the scalp, to remove hair color stains, after the hair has been shampooed with a neutralizer, without removing the color from the hair itself. The stain remover may also be used on non-conventional hair dyeing preparations, which may include henna and hair color for men. The stain remover can further be used to remove stains from wood, carpet, clothing, furniture, and other such items. In addition to removing stains left by hair dyes, the stain remover may also be used on most other types of stains. The stain remover may further be used in cosmetic applications including as a make-up remover and/or cleanser.
The remover may contain up to about 90% by volume of tobacco ash, in a liquid, semi-solid and/or solid delivery system which may be in a wide variety of forms including various emulsions, liquids, creams, lotions, gels, scrubs, waxes, petroleums, pastes, butters, and mousses, and can have a broad range of viscosities, depending on the specific application.
Other components which may be formulated with the tobacco ash for a topical composition, such as a hair dye stain remover, make-up remover, cleanser, or the like, include conditioning agents, exfoliating agents, skin protectants, Anti-Wrinkle, Anti-Skin Atrophy and Skin Repair Actives, antioxidants, sunscreen actives, cleansing agents, viscosity modifying agents, film formers, emollients, surfactants, solubilizing agents, preservatives, fragrance, chelating agents, foaming or antifoaming agents, pacifying agents, stabilizing agents, pH adjustors, absorbents, anti-caking agents, slip modifiers, various solvents, solubilizing agents, denaturants, abrasives, bulking agents, emulsion stabilizing agents, suspending agents, colorants, binders, conditioning agent-emollients, surfactant emulsifying agents, biological to products, anti-acne actives, skin barrier repair aids, cosmetic soothing aids, topical anesthetics, skin lightening actives, antimicrobial and antifungal actives, sebum stimulators, sebum inhibitors, humectants, other dye removing agents, and/or combinations thereof.
The following are non-limiting examples of such active and inactive components.
Conditioning Agents:
Conditioning agents may generally be used to improve the appearance and/or feel of the skin upon and after topical application via moisturization, hydration, plasticization, lubrication, and occlusion, or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of suitable conditioning agents are described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
According to one exemplary embodiment, the conditioning component may be composed of a water-soluble conditioning agent, an oil soluble conditioning agent, a conditioning emulsion, or any combination or permutation thereof.
Non-limiting examples of oil soluble conditioning agents include, but are not limited to, mineral oil (see The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7048, p. 1033 (1983) and International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, vol. 1, p. 415-417 (1993)), petrolatum (see The Merck Index, Tenth Edition, Entry 7047, p. 1033 (1983); Schindler, Drug. Cosmet. Ind., 89, 36-37, 76, 78-80, 82 (1961), and International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, vol. 1, p. 537 (1993)), C7-C40 branched chain hydrocarbons, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 alcohol esters of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids, monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, triglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, C1-C30 carboxylic acid monoesters and polyesters of sugars, polydialkylsiloxanes, polydiarylsiloxanes, polyalkarylsiloxanes, cylcomethicones having 3 to 9 silicon atoms, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, polypropylene glycol C4-C20 alkyl ethers, di C8-C30 alkyl ethers, and mixtures thereof.
Non-limiting examples of straight and branched chain hydrocarbons having from about 7 to about 40 carbon atoms include, but are not limited to, dodecane, isododecane, squalane, cholesterol, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, docosane, hexadecane, isohexadecane (a commercially available hydrocarbon sold as Permethyl® 101A by Presperse, South Plainfield, N.J.). Also useful are the C7-C40 isoparaffins, which are C7-C40 branched hydrocarbons.
Also useful are C1-C30 alcohol esters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids and of C2-C30 dicarboxylic acids, including straight and branched chain materials as well as aromatic derivatives, esters such as monoglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, diglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, triglycerides of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, ethylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, propylene glycol monoesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, and propylene glycol diesters of C1-C30 carboxylic acids, including straight chain, branched chain and aryl carboxylic acids, and propoxylated and ethoxylated derivatives of these materials. Examples of these include diisopropyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, myristyl propionate, ethylene glycol distearate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecyl neopentanoate, di-2-ethylhexyl maleate, cetyl palmitate, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate, cetyl stearate, behenyl behenrate, dioctyl maleate, dioctyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, cetyl octanoate, diisopropyl dilinoleate, caprilic/capric triglyceride, PEG-6 caprylic/capric triglyceride, PEG-8 caprylic/capric triglyceride, cetyl ricinoleate, cholesterol hydroxystearate, cholesterol isostearate, and mixtures thereof.
Also useful are various C1-C30 monoesters and polyesters of glycerin and related materials, which are derived from glycerin and one or more carboxylic acid moieties. Depending on the constituent acid and glycerin, these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature. Non-limiting examples of solid esters include glyceryl tribehenate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl palmitate, glyceryl distearate, and glyceryl dipalmitate.
Also useful are various C1-C30 monoesters and polyesters of sugars and related materials. Depending on the constituent acid and sugar, these esters can be in either liquid or solid form at room temperature. Examples of liquid esters include glucose tetraoleate, the glucose tetraesters of soybean oil fatty acids (unsaturated), the mannose tetraesters of mixed soybean oil fatty acids, the galactose tetraesters of oleic acid, the arabinose tetraesters of linoleic acid, xylose tetralinoleate, galactose pentaoleate, sorbitol tetraoleate, the sorbitol hexaesters of unsaturated soybean oil fatty acids, xylitol pentaoleate, sucrose tetraoleate, sucrose pentaoletate, sucrose hexaoleate, sucrose hepatoleate, sucrose octaoleate, and mixtures thereof. Examples of solid esters include: sorbitol hexaester in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are palmitoleate and arachidate in a 1:2 molar ratio; the octaester of raffinose in which the carboxylic acid ester moieties are linoleate and behenate in a 1:3 molar ratio; the heptaester of maltose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are sunflower seed oil fatty acids and lignocerate in a 3:4 molar ratio; the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are oleate and behenate in a 2:6 molar ratio; and the octaester of sucrose wherein the esterifying carboxylic acid moieties are laurate, linoleate and behenate in a 1:3:4 molar ratio. An exemplary solid material is sucrose polyester in which the degree of esterification is 7-8, and in which the fatty acid moieties are C18 mono- and/or di-unsaturated and behenic, in a molar ratio of unsaturates:behenic of 1:7 to 3:5. Another exemplary solid sugar polyester is the octaester of sucrose in which there are about 7 behenic fatty acid moieties and about 1 oleic acid moiety in the molecule. Other materials include cottonseed oil or soybean oil fatty acid esters of sucrose.
Nonvolatile silicones such as polydialkylsiloxanes, polydiarylsiloxanes, and polyalkarylsiloxanes are also useful oils. The polyalkylsiloxanes correspond to the general chemical formula R3SiO[R2SiO]XSiR3 wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight. Commercially available polyalkylsiloxanes include the polydimethylsiloxanes, which are also known as dimethicones, non-limiting examples of which include the VICASIL® series sold by General Electric Company and the DOW CORNING® 200 series sold by Dow Corning Corporation. Specific examples of polydimethylsiloxanes useful herein include DOW CORNING® 225 fluid having a viscosity of 10 centistokes and a boiling point greater than 200° C., and DOW CORNING® 200 fluids having viscosities of 50, 350, and 12,500 centistokes, respectively, and boiling points greater than 200° C. Also useful are materials such as trimethylsiloxysilicate, which is a polymeric material corresponding to the general chemical formula [(CH2)3SiO1/2]x[SiO2]y, wherein x is an integer from about 1 to about 500 and integer from about 1 to about 500. A commercially available trimethylsiloxysilicate is sold as a mixture with dimethicone as DOW CORNING 593 fluid. Also useful herein are dimethiconols, which are hydroxy terminated dimethyl silicones. These materials can be represented by the general chemical formulas R3SiO[R2SiO]xSiR2OH and HOR2SiO[R2SiO]xSiR2OH wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and x is an integer up to about 500, chosen to achieve the desired molecular weight. Commercially available dimethiconols are typically sold as mixtures with dimethicone or cyclomethicone (e.g. DOW CORNING 1401, 1402, and 1403 fluids). Also useful herein are polyalkylaryl siloxanes, with polymethylphenyl siloxanes having viscosities from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25° C. being preferred. These materials are available, for example, as SF 1075 METHYLPHENYL FLUID (sold by General Electric Company) and 556 COSMETIC GRADE PHENYL TRIMETHICONE FLUID (sold by Dow Corning Corporation).
Vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils are also useful herein. Examples of vegetable oils and hydrogenated vegetable oils include safflower oil, castor oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, menhaden oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, rice bran oil, pine oil, sesame oil, sunflower seed oil, hydrogenated safflower oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated menhaden oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated peanut oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated linseed oil, hydrogenated rice bran oil, hydrogenated sesame oil, hydrogenated sunflower seed oil, and mixtures thereof.
Also useful are C4-C20 alkyl ethers of polypropylene glycols, C1-C20 carboxylic acid esters of polypropylene glycols, and di-C8-C30 alkyl ethers. Non-limiting examples of these materials include PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, dioctyl ether, dodecyl octyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
Other useful oil soluble conditioning agents include CREMEROL (available from Amerchol), ELDEW CL301 (available from Ajinomoto), MODULAN (an acetylated lanolin which is commercially available from Croda), OHLAN (a hydroxylated lanolin which is commercially available from Amerchol), phytantriol, super sterol esters, such as C1-C30 cholesteroltlanosterol esters, (available from Croda), and mixtures thereof.
Non-limiting examples of conditioning agents useful as water soluble conditioning agents include those selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, polypropylene glycols, polyethylene glycols, ureas, pyrolidone carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated C3-C6 diols and triols, alpha-hydroxy C2-C6 carboxylic acids, ethoxylated and/or propoxylated sugars, polyacrylic acid copolymers, sugars having up to about 12 carbons atoms, sugar alcohols having up to about 12 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof. Specific examples of useful water soluble conditioning agents include materials such as urea; guanidine; glycolic acid and glycolate salts (e.g. ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium); lactic acid and lactate salts (e.g. ammonium and quaternary alkyl ammonium); sucrose, fructose, glucose, eruthrose, erythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, glycerol, hexanetriol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and the like; polyethylene glycols such as PEG-2, PEG-3, PEG-4, PEG-5, PEG-6, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-10, PEG-15 PEG-30, PEG-50, polypropylene glycols such as PPG-9, PPG-12, PPG-15, PPG-17, PPG-20, PPG-26, PPG-30, PPG-34; alkoxylated glucose; hyaluronic acid; and mixtures thereof. Also useful are materials such as aloe vera in any of its variety of forms (e.g., aloe vera gel), chitin, starch-grafted sodium polyacrylates such as SANWET® IM-1000, IM-1500, and IM-2500 (available from Celanese Superabsorbent Materials, Portsmouth, Va.); lactamide monoethanolamine; acetamide monoethanolamine; and mixtures thereof. Also useful are propoxylated glycerols. Other useful water soluble conditioning agents include arginine, arginine asparate (available from Ajinomoto), ARGININE PCA (available from Argidone-UCIB), 1,3 butylene glycol, CHITOLAM NB/101 (available from Lamberti), chitosan salts, Codiavelane (available from Secma), COLLAGEN AMINO ACID (available from Crotein CAA-Croda), creatine, dextran, dextrin, diglycerol, dipropylane glycol, ectoines, erythritol, FUCOGEL (available from Solabia), fructose, glucamine salts, glucose glutamate (commercially available as WICKENOL 545 from Caschem), glucuronic acid salts, glutamic acid salts, glycereth 12, glycereth 20, glycereth 7, glycerin, glyceryl PCA, glycogen, hexylene glycol, honey, hyaluronic acid, hydrogenated honey, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, hydrolyzed mucopolysaccharides, hydroxy proline, Indinyl CA (available from Laboratoires Serobiologiques), inositol, keratin amino acids (commercially available as CROTEIN HKP from Croda), konjac mannan, Larex A-200 (available from Larex), LYSINE PLA (commercially available as LYSIDONE from UCIB), maltitol, maltose, mannitol, mannose, Mariscan (available from Pentapharm), Melhydrin (available from Laborotories Serobiologiques), methoxy PEG 10, methoxy, methyl gluceth 10 (commercially available as GLUCAM E10 from Amerchol), methyl gluceth 20 (commercially available as GLUCAM E20 from Amerchol), methyl glucose, 3 methyl 1,3 butandiol, N acetyl glucosamine salts, panthenol, PEG 15 butanediol, butanediol, PEG 5 pentaerythitol, pentaerythitol, Pentaglycan (available from Pentapharm), 1,2 pentanediol, phytohyaluron (jute extract), polyglycerol sorbitol, PPG 1 glyceryl ether, proline, propylene glycol, 2 pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid and its salts, saccharide isomerate (commercially available as PENTAVITIN from Pentapharm), Seacare (available from Secma), Sericin (available from Pentapharm), serine, silk amino acids (commercially available as CROSLIK LIQUID from Croda), sodium acetylhyaluronate, sodium hyaluronate, sodium polyaspartate (commercially available as AQUADEW SPA-30 from Ajinomoto), sodium polyglutamate (commercially available as AJICOAT SPG from Ajinomoto), sorbeth 20, sorbeth 6, sorbitol, trehalose, triglycerol, trimethyolpropane, tris (hydroxymethyl) amino methane salts, xylitol, xylose, and mixtures thereof.
Anti-Acne Actives:
Non-limiting examples of useful anti-acne actives include the keratolytics such as salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid), derivatives of salicylic acid such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid and 4 methoxysalicylic acid, and resorcinol; retinoids such as retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans); sulfur-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly their N-acetyl derivatives, a preferred example of which is N-acetyl-L-cysteine; lipoic acid; antibiotics and antimicrobials such as benzoyl peroxide, octopirox, tetracycline, 2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4′-trichlorobanilide, azelaic acid and its derivatives, phenoxyethanol, phenoxypropanol, phenoxyisopropanol, ethyl acetate, clindamycin and meclocycline; sebostats such as flavonoids and bioflavonoids; bile salts such as scymnol sulfate and its derivatives, deoxycholate, and cholate; abietic acid; adapalene; allantoin; aloe extracts; arbietic acid and its salts; aryl-2,4 dioxo oxazolidine derivatives; ASEBIOL (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques, located in Somerville, N.J.); azaleic acid; barberry extracts; bearberry extracts; belamcanda chinensis; benzoquinolinones; benzoyl peroxide; berberine; BIODERMINE (available from Sederma, located in Brooklyn, N.Y.); bioflavinoids; bisabolol; S-carboxymethyl cysteine; carrot extracts; cassin oil; clove extracts; citral; citronellal; climazole; Completech MBAC-OS (available from Lipo); CREMOGEN M82 (available from Dragoco, located in Totowa, N.J.); cucumber extracts; dehydroacetic acid and its salts; dehydroeplandersterone salicylate; dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan which is commercially available as COMPLETECH MBAC-OS (from Lipo, located in Paterson, N.J.); DL valine and its esters; DMDM hydantoin; Epicutin TT (available from CLR); erythromycin; escinol; ethyl hexyl monoglyceryl ether; ethyl 2-hydroxy undecanoate; famesol; farnesol acetate; geranoil; glabridin; gluconic acid; gluconolactone; glyceryl monocaprate; glycolic acid; grapefruit seed extract; gugu lipid; Hederagenin (available from Maruzen); hesperitin; hinokitol; hops extract; hydrogenated rosin; 10 hydroxy decanoic acid; ichtyhol; interleukin 1 alpha antagonists; iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate; Kapilarine (available from Greentech); ketoconazole; lactic acid; lemon grass oil; Lichochalcone LR15 (available from Maruzen); linoleic acid; LIPACIDE C8CO (available from Seppic, located in Paris, France); lovastatin; 4 methoxysalicylic acid; metronidazole; minocycline; mukurossi; neem seed oil; vitamin B3 compounds (such as niacinamide and nicotinic acid); nisin; 5-octanoly salicylic acid; octopirox; panthenol; 1-pentadecanol; peonia extract; peppermint extract; phelladendron extract; 2-phenyl-benzothiophene derivatives; phloretin; PHLOROGINE (available from Secma); phosphatidyl choline; proteolytic enzymes; quercetin; red sandalwood extract; resorcinol; rosemary extract; rutin; sage extract; salicin; salicylic acid; skull cap extract; siber hegner extract; siberian saxifrage extract; silicol; sodium lauryl sulfate; sodium sulfoacetamide; Sophora Extract (available from Maruzen); sorbic acid; sulfur; sunder vati extract; tea tree oil; tetracyline; tetra hydroabietic acid; thyme extract; tioxolone; tocopherol; trehalose 6-undecylenoate; 3 tridecene-2-ol; triclosan; tropolone; UNITRIENOL T27 (available from Unichem, located in Gouda, Netherlands); vitamin D3 and its analogs; white thyme oil; willow bark extract; wogonin; Ylang Ylang; zinc glycerolate; zinc linoleate; zinc oxide; zinc pyrithione; zinc sulfate and mixtures thereof.
Antimicrobial and Antifungal Actives:
Non-limiting examples of antimicrobial and antifungal actives include beta-lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, 2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4,4′-trichlorobanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxy propanol, phenoxyisopropanol, doxycycline, capreomycin, chlorhexidine, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, clindamycin, ethambutol, hexamidine isethionate, metronidazole, pentarnidine, gentamicin, kanamycin, lineomycin, methacycline, methenamine, minocycline, neomycin, netilmicin, paromomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin, miconazole, tetracycline hydrochloride, erythromycin, zinc erythromycin, erythromycin estolate, erythromycin stearate, amikacin sulfate, doxycycline hydrochloride, capreomycin sulfate, chlorhexidine gluconate, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, chlortetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, clindamycin hydrochloride, ethambutol hydrochloride, metronidazole hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, gentamicin sulfate, kanamycin sulfate, lineomycin hydrochloride, methacycline hydrochloride, methenamine hippurate, methenamine mandelate, minocycline hydrochloride, neomycin sulfate, netilmicin sulfate, paromomycin sulfate, streptomycin sulfate, tobramycin sulfate, miconazole hydrochloride, amanfadine hydrochloride, amanfadine sulfate, octopirox, parachlorometa xylenol, nystatin, tolnaftate, zinc pyrithione; clotrimazole; alantolactone; isoalantolactone; alkanet extract (alaninin); anise; arnica extract (helenalin acetate and 11, 13 dihydrohelenalin); Aspidium extract (phloro, lucinol containing extract); barberry extract (berberine chloride); bay sweet extract; bayberry bark extract (myricitrin); benzalkonium chloride; benzethonium chloride; benzoic acid and its salts; benzoin; benzyl alcohol; blessed thistle; bletilla tuber; bloodroot; bois de rose oil; burdock; butyl paraben; cade oil; CAE (available from Ajinomoto, located in Teaneck, N.J.); cajeput oil; Cangzhu; capsicum frutescens extract; caraway oil; cascarilla bark (sold under the tradename ESSENTIAL OIL); cedar leaf oil; chamomile; chaparral; chlorhexidine gluconate; chlorophenesin; chlorxylenol; cinnamon oil; citronella oil; clove oil; Crinipan AD (available from Climbazole); 2,3-dihydro-farnesol; dehydroacetic acid and its salts; dill seed oil; DOWICIL 200 (available from Dow Chemical, located in Midland, Mich.); echinacea; elenolic acid; epimedium; ethyl paraben; Fo-Ti; galbanum; garden bumet; GERMALL 115 and GERMALL II (available from ISP-Sutton Labs, located in Wayne, N.J.); German chamomile oil; giant knotweed; GLYDANT (available from Lonza, located in Fairlawn, N.J.); GLYDANT PLUS (available from Lonza); grapefruit seed oil; 1,6 hexanediol; hexamidine diisethionate; hinokitiol; honey; honeysuckle flower; hops; immortelle; iodopropynl butyl carbamide (available from Lonza); isobutyl paraben; isopropyl paraben; JM ACTICARE (available from Microbial Systems International, located in Nottingham, NG); juniper berries; KATHON CG (available from Rohm and Haas, located in Philadelphia, Pa.); kojic acid; labdanum; lavender; lemon balm oil; lemon grass; methyl paraben; mint; mume; mustard; myrrh; neem seed oil; ortho phenyl phenol; olive leaf extract (available from Bio Botanica); parsley; patchouly oil; peony root; 1,2 pentandiol; PHENONIP (available from Nipa Labs, located in Wilmington, Del.); phenoxyethanol; phytosphingosine; pine needle oil; PLANSERVATIVE (available from Campo Research); propyl paraben; purslane; quillaira; rhubarb; rose geranium oil; rosemary; sage; salicylic acid; sassafras; savory; sichuan lovage; sodium meta bisulfite; sodium sulfite; SOPHOLIANCE (available from Soliance, located in Compiegne, France); sorbic acid and its salts; sphingosine; stevia; storax; sucrose esters; tarmic acid; tea; tea tree oil (cajeput oil); thyme; triclosan; triclocarban; tropolone; turpentine; umbelliferone (antifungal); yucca; and mixtures thereof.
Anti-Wrinkle, Anti-Skin Atrophy and Skin Repair Actives:
Other anti-wrinkle actives may also be combined with exemplary cosmetic compositions disclosed herein. Non-limiting examples of anti-wrinkle and anti-skin atrophy actives include retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans); retinal; retinol; retinyl esters such as retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate, and retinyl propionate; vitamin B3 compounds (such as niacinamide and nicotinic acid), salicylic acid and derivatives thereof (such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid, heptyloxy 4 salicylic acid, and 4-methoxy salicylic acid); sulfur-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly the N-acetyl derivatives, a preferred example of which is N-acetyl-L-cysteine; thiols, e.g. ethane thiol; hydroxy acids, phytic acid, lipoic acid; lysophosphatidic acid; skin peel agents (e.g., phenol and the like); Actein 27-Deoxyactein Cimicifugoside (available from Cirnigoside); adapalene; ademethionine; adenosine; aletris extract; alkyl glutathione esters; alkoxyalkoxy alkoxyn benzoic and derivatives; aloe derived lectins; amino propane phosphoric acid; 3-aminopropyl dihydrogen phosphate; Amadorine (available from Barnet Products); anise extracts; AOSINE (available from Secma); arginine amino benzoate; ASC III (available from E. Merck, located in Darmstadt, Germany); ascorbic acid; ascorbyl palmitate; asiatic acid; asiaticosides; ARLAMOL GEO™ (available from ICI, located in Wilmington, Del.); azaleic acid; benzoic acid derivatives; bertholletia extracts; betulinic acid; BIOCHANIN A AND BIOPEPTIDE CL (available from Sederma, located in Brooklyn, N.Y.); BIOPEPTIDE EL (available from Sederma); biotin; blackberry bark extract; blackberry lily extracts; black cohosh extract; blue cohesh extract; butanoyl betulinic acid; carboxymethyl 1,3 beta glucan; catecholamines; chalcones; citric acid esters; chaste tree extract; clover extracts; coumestrol; CPC Peptide (available from Barnet Products); daidzein; dang gui extract; darutoside; debromo laurinterol; 1-decanoyl-glycero-phosphonic acid; dehydrocholesterol; dehydrodicreosol; dehydrodieugenol; dehydroepiandersterone; DERMOLECTINE (available from Sederma); dehydroascorbic acid; dehydroepiandersterone sulfate; dianethole; dihydroxy benzoic acid; 2,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid; diglycol guanidine succinate; diosgenin; disodium ascorbyl phosphate; dodecanedioic acid; Ederline (available from Seporga); Enderline (available from Laboratories Seporga); equol; eriodictyol; estrogen and its derivatives; ETF (available from Laboratories Seporga); ethocyn; ELESERYL SH (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques, located in Somerville, N.J.); ENDONUCLEINE (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); ergosterol; eythrobic acid; fennel extract; fenugreek seed extract; FIBRASTIL (available from Sederma); FIBROSTIMULINES S and P (available from Sederma); FIRMOGEN LS 8445 (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); formononetin; forsythia fruit extract; gallic acid esters; gamma amino butyric acid; GATULINE RC (available from Gattlefosse, located in Priest, France); genistein; genisteine; genistic acid; gentisyl alcohol; gingko bilboa extracts; ginseng extracts; ginsenoside; gluco pyranosyl-L-ascorbate; glutathione and its esters; glyciteink; hesperitin; hexahydro curcumin; HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors; hops extracts; 11 to hydroxy undecanoic acid; 10 hydroxy decanoic acid; 25-hydroxycholesterol; 7-hydroxylated sterols; hydroxyethyl isostearyloxy isopropanolamine; hydroxy-tetra methyl piperidinyloxy; hypotaurine; ibukijakou extract; isoflavone SG 10 (available from Barnet Products); kinetin; kohki extract; L-2-OXO-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid esters; lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors; 1-lauryl, -lyso-phosphatidyl choline; lectins; lichochalcone LF15 (available from Maruzen); is licorice extracts; lignan; lumisterol; lupenes; luteolin; lysophosphitidic acid; margin; melatonin; melibiose; metalloproteinase inhibitors; methoprene; methoprenic acid; mevalonic acid; MPC COMPLEX (available from CLR); N methyl serine; N methyl taurine; N,N1-bis (lactyl) cysteamine; naringenin; neotigogenin; o-desmethylangoiensin; oat beta glucan; oleanolic acid; pantethine; phenylalanine; photoanethone; piperdine; placental extracts; pratensein; pregnenolone; pregnenolone acetate; pregnenolone succinate; premarin; quillaic acid; raloxifene; REPAIR FACTOR 1 and REPAIR FACTOR FCP (both available from Sederna); retinoates; retinyl glucuronate; retinyl linoleate; S-carboxymethyl cysteine; SEANAMINE FP (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); sodium ascorbyl phosphate; soya extracts; spleen extracts; tachysterol; taurine; tazarotene; tempol; thymulen; thymus extracts; thyroid hormones; tigogenin; tocopheryl retinoate; toxifolin; traumatic acid; tricholine citrate; trifoside; uracil derivatives; ursolic acid; vitamin D3 and its analogs; vitamin K; vitex extract; yam extract; yamogenin; zeatin; and mixtures thereof.
Skin Barrier Repair Actives:
Skin barrier repair actives are those skin care actives that can help repair and replenish the natural moisture barrier function of the epidermis. Non-limiting examples of skin barrier repair actives include Alpha Lipid (available from Lucas Meyer); ascorbic acid; biotin; biotin esters; brassicasterol; caffeine; campesterol; canola derived sterols; Cennamides (available from Ennagram); Ceramax (available from Alban Muller); CERAMAX (available from Quest, located in Ashford, England); CERAMIDE 2 and CERAMIDE HO3 (both available from Sederma); CERAMIDE II (available from Quest); CERAMIDE III and IIIB (both available from Cosmoferm, located in Deft, Netherlands); CERAMIDE LS 3773 (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); CERAMINOL (available from Inocosm); Cerasol and Cephalip (both available from Pentapharm); cholesterol; cholesterol hydroxystearate; cholesterol isostearate; 7 dehydrocholesterol; DERMATEIN BRC and DERMATEIN GSL (both available from Hormel); ELDEW CL 301 AND ELDEW PS 203 (both available from Ajinomoto); Fitobroside (available from Pentapharm); galactocerebrosides; Generol 122 (available from Henkel); glyceryl serine amide; hydroxyethyl isostearyl isopropanolamine; lactic acid; Lactomide (available from Pentapharm); lanolin; lanolin alcohols; lanosterol; lauric acid N laurylglucamide; lipoic acid; N-acetyl cysteine; N-acetyl-L-serine; N-methyl-L-Serine; Net Sterol-ISO (available from Barnet Products); vitamin B3 compounds (such as niacinamide and nicotinic acid); palmitic acid; panthenol; panthetine; phosphodiesterase inhibitors; PHYTO/CER (available from Intergen); phytoglycolipid millet extract (available from Barnet Products Distributer, located in Englewood, N.J.); PHYTOSPHINGOSINE (available from Gist Brocades, located in King of Prussia, Pa.); PSENDOFILAGGRIN (available from Brooks Industries, located in South Plainfield, N.J.); QUESTAMIDE H (available from Quest); serine; sigmasterol; sitosterol; soybean derived sterols; sphingosine; sphingomylinase; S-lactoyl glutathione; stearic acid; Structurine (available from Silah); SUPER STEROL ESTERS (available from Croda); thioctic acid; THSC CERAMIDE OIL (available from Campo Research); trimethyl glycine; tocopheryl nicotinate; vitamin D3; Y2 (available from Ocean Pharmaceutical); and mixtures thereof.
Cosmetic Soothing Actives:
Cosmetic soothing actives can be effective in preventing or treating inflammation of the skin. Non-limiting examples of cosmetic soothing agents include the following categories: propionic acid derivatives; acetic acid derivatives; fenamic acid derivatives; biphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives; and oxicams. Non-limiting examples of useful cosmetic soothing actives include acetyl salicylic acid, ibuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, fenbufen, ketoprofen, indoprofen, pirprofen, carprofen, oxaprozin, pranoprofen, miroprofen, tioxaprofen, suprofen, alminoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, fluprofen, bucloxic acid, absinthium, acacia, aescin, alder buckthorn extract, allantoin, aloe, APT (available from Centerchem), arnica, astragalus, astragalus root extract, azulene, Baicalin SR 15 (available from Barnet Products Dist.), baikal skullcap, baizhu, balsam canada, bee pollen, BIOPHYTEX (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques), bisabolol, black cohosh, black cohosh extract blue cohosh, blue cohosh extract, boneset, borage, borage oil, bradykinin antagonists, bromelain, calendula, calendula extract, Canadian Willowbark Extract (available from Fytokem), candelilla wax, Cangzhu, canola phytosterols, capsicum, carboxypeptidase, celery seed, celery stem extract, CENTAURIUM (available from Sederma), centaury extract, chamazulene, chamomile, chamomile extract, chaparral, chaste tree, chaste tree extract, chickweed, chicory root, chicory root extract, chirata, chishao, collodial oatmeal, comfrey, comfrey extract, CROMOIST CM GLUCAN (available from Croda), darutoside, dehurian angelica, devil's claw, divalent metals (such as, magnesium, strontium, and manganese), dog grass, dogwood, Eashave (available from Pentapharm), eleuthero, ELHIBIN (available from Pentapharm), ENTELINE 2 (available from Secma), ephedra, epimedium, esculoside; ethacrynic acid, evening primrose, eyebright, Extract LE-100 (available from Sino Lion), Fangfeng, feverfew, ficin, forsythia fruit, Fytosterol 85 (available from Fytokem), ganoderma, gaoben, Gatuline A (available from Gattefosse), gentian, germanium extract, gingko bilboa extract, ginkgo, is ginseng extract, goldenseal, gorgonian extract, gotu kola, grape fruit extract, guaiac wood oil, guggal extract, helenalin esters, henna, honeysuckle flower, horehound extract, horsechestnut, horsetail, huzhang, hypericum, ichthyol, immortelle, ipecac, job's tears, jujube, kola extract, LANACHRYS 28 (available from Lana Tech), lemon oil, lianqiao, licorice root, ligusticum, ligustrum, lovage root, luffa, mace, magnolia flower, manjistha extract, margaspidin, matricin, melatonin, MICROAT IRC (available from Nurture), mints, mistletoe, Modulene (available from Seporga), mono or diglucosides of glabridin, mono or diglucosides of gentisin, MTA (5′-deoxy-5′-methythioadenosine), mung bean extract, musk, N-methyl arginine, oat beta glucan, oat extract, orange, panthenol, papain, phenoxyacetic acid, peony bark, peony root, Phytoplenolin (available from Bio Botanica), phytosphingosine, Preregen (available from Pentapharm), purslane, QUENCH T (available from Centerchem), quillaia, red sage, rehmannia, rhubarb, rosemary, rosmarinic acid, royal jelly, rue, rutin, sandlewood, sanqi, sarsaparilla, saw palmetto, SENSILINE (available from Silab), SIEGESBECKIA (available from Sederma), stearyl glycyrrhetinate, Stimutex (available from Pentapharm), storax, strontium nitrate, sweet birch oil, sweet woodruff, tagetes, tea extract, thyme extract, tienchi ginseng, tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate, triclosan, turmeric, urimei, ursolic acid, white pine bark, witch hazel xinyi, yarrow, yeast extract, yucca, and mixtures thereof.
Sebum Stimulators:
Sebum stimulators can increase the production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. These skin care actives are especially useful for post menopausal women who are sebum deficient. Non-limiting examples of sebum stimulating actives include bryonolic acid, completech MBAC-DS, dehydroetiandrosterone (also known as DHEA), orizanol and mixtures thereof.
Sebum Inhibitors:
Sebum inhibitors can decrease the production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. Non-limiting examples of sebum inhibiting actives include aluminum hydroxy chloride, ASEBIOL (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques), BIODERMINE (available from Sederma), climbazole, COMPLETECH MBAC-OS (available from Lipo), corticosteroids, cucumber extracts, dehydroacetic acid and its salts, dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan (available from Elubiol), gugulipiu, ketoconazole, Lichochalcone LR 15 (available from Maruzen), niacinamide, phloretin, PHLOROGINE (available from Secma), Phycosaccharide Anti-Acne (available from Codif), S-carboxylmethyl cysteine, sepicontrol AS, spironolactone, tioxolone, tocopherol, tranexamic acid, UNITRIENOL T27 (available from Unichem), zincidone (UCIB), and mixtures thereof.
Protease Inhibitors:
Non-limiting examples of protease inhibitors which are useful in the exemplary cosmetic compositions are selected from the group consisting of A E Complex (available from Barnet Products); ALE (available from Seporga); allicin; alpha lupaline; Aosaine (available from Secma); Aprotinin (available from Pentapharm); areca catechu (Betel Nut) extract; areca catechu extracts; Blue Algae Extract (available from Collaborative Labs); Centaurium (available from Sederma); cholesterol sulfate; CMST (available from Bioetica); Dermoprotectine (available from Sederma); Disacoside HF 60 (available from Barnet Products); Elhibin (available from Pentapharm); Fluid Out Colloid (available from Vegetech); Hypotaurine (available from Sogo Pharmaceutical); In Cyte Heathes (available from Collaborative Labs); Micromerol (available from Collaborative Labs); Pefabloc SP (available from Pentapharm); Sepicontrol AS (available from Seppic); Siegesbeckia (available from Sederma); Sophorine (available from Barnet Products); Thiotaine (available from Barnet Products); uncaria gambis roxburgh extract; zinc and mixtures thereof.
Skin Tightening Agents:
The cosmetic compositions may also include skin-tightening agents as active ingredients. Non-limiting examples of skin tightening agents which are useful in the compositions of the present invention are those selected from the group consisting of Biocare SA (available from Amerchol); egg albumen; Flexan 130 (available from National Starch); Gatuline Lifting (available from Gattefosse); Pentacare HP (available from Pentapharm); Vegeseryl (available from Laboratories Serobioloques) and mixtures thereof.
Viscosity Modifiers:
Suitable thickeners and viscosity modifiers include water-soluble polyacrylic and hydrophobically modified polyacrylic resins such as Carbopol and Pemulen, starches such as corn starch, potato starch, tapioca, gums such as guar gum, gum Arabic, cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and the like.
Emulsifiers:
A wide variety of emulsifiers are useful herein and include, but not limited to, sorbitan esters, glyceryl esters, polyglyceryl esters, methyl glucose esters, sucrose esters, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, hydrogenated castor oil ethoxylates, sorbitan ester ethoxylates, polymeric emulsifiers, silicone emulsifiers, glyceryl monoesters, preferably glyceryl monoesters of C16-C22 saturated, unsaturated and branched chain fatty acids such as glyceryl oleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monopalmitate, glyceryl monobehenate, and mixtures thereof; polyglyceryl esters of C16-C22 saturated, unsaturated and branched chain fatty acids, such as polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyceryl-3 oleate, diglycerol monooleate, tetraglycerol monooleate and mixtures thereof; methyl glucose esters, preferably methyl glucose esters of C16-C22 saturated, unsaturated and branched chain fatty acids such as methyl glucose dioleate, methyl glucose sesquiisostearate, and mixtures thereof; sucrose fatty acid esters, preferably sucrose esters of C12-C2-2 saturated, unsaturated and branched chain fatty acids such as sucrose stearate, sucrose trilaurate, sucrose distearate (e.g., CRODESTA F10), and mixtures thereof; C12-C22 ethoxylated fatty alcohols such as oleth-2, oleth-3, steareth-2, and mixtures thereof; hydrogenated castor oil ethoxylates such as PEG-7 hydrogenated castor oil; sorbitan ester ethoxylates such as PEG-40 sorbitan peroleate, Polysorbate-80, and mixtures thereof; polymeric emulsifiers such as ethoxylated dodecyl glycol copolymer; and silicone emulsifiers such as laurylmethicone copolyol, cetyldimethicone, dimethicone copolyol, and mixtures thereof.
Humectants:
Non-limiting examples of humectants include glycerin, propylene glycol, and laminaria digitata extract.
Abrasives:
Non-limiting examples of abrasives include pumice and the like as well as oxides such as alumina, silica, mica, zirconia, titania (both anatase and rutile), and the like, ground nut shells, ground apricot kernel, sand, and salt.
The stain remover can be applied to the skin by any suitable method including dabbing or rubbing it onto the skin with a finger, Q-tip, or cloth.
According to a preferred embodiment, the remover is prepared by mixing water with tobacco ash in a volume ratio of about 20 to 40% water and from about 80 to 60% tobacco ash, to form a paste. This formulation works almost instantaneously on light stains. For heavy stains, this formulation may be left on the skin for several minutes or may be applied a second time.
According to another embodiment, up to about 90% ash may be mixed with aloe barbadensis leaf juice, mineral oil, pumice, castile soap, silica dimethyl sylilate, glycerin, vitamin E, fragrance, and DMDM Hydantoin.
It is believed that chromium and/or chromium cholinate or other metal, which is an ingredient in tobacco ash, may be a key ingredient in effectuating stain removal, although the tobacco ash has been found to be more effective than chromium by itself. Other components contained in tobacco, which may also effectuate its stain removing capabilities, especially in combination with one another, possibly include aluminum, chlorine, barium, bromine, copper, calcium, cesium, europium, iron, hafnium, potassium, lanthanum, magnesium, manganese, sodium, nickel, rubidium, antimony, scandium, selenium, strontium, thorium, titanium, vanadium, zinc, oxalic, malic, and citric acids, glucose, sucrose, sylvite, arcanite, fairchildite, calcite, calcium oxide, quarts, mica, quartz, and buetschliite. Additionally, the tobacco ash has minimal nicotine content, and is non-irritating to the skin.
In closing, it is to be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein are illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Other modifications that may be employed are within the scope of the invention. Thus, by way of example, but not of limitation, alternative configurations may be utilized in accordance with the teachings herein. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative and not meant to be a limitation thereof.
