Patent Application
20150254663
This invention relates generally to the field of improving security for transactions, and more particularly embodiments of the invention relate to using tokens in place of account information in various ways in order to enter into transactions securely.
Entering into transactions using account information leaves an account holder open to potential account misappropriation because the customer's account information is shared between multiple parties (e.g., another user, a merchant, an acquiring financial institution, payment association networks, issuing financial institution, or the like) in order to complete the transaction. Therefore, there is a need to control the transaction by configuring limits associated with the user, wherein the limits are responsive to transaction information.
Embodiments of the present invention address the above needs and/or achieve other advantages by providing apparatuses (e.g., a system, computer program product, and/or other device) and methods that provide transaction-sensitive limits for use with tokens in processing financial transactions.
In a first aspect, an apparatus for use in a token-based financial transaction system is provided, whereby the apparatus applies transaction-sensitive limits to a proposed financial transaction for purposes of approving, denying, or partially funding a token-based financial transaction. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a memory; a computing processor; and a module stored in memory, said module comprising instruction code executable by one or more computing processors, and configured to cause the one or more computing processors to perform various steps. In an embodiment, the steps include receiving a request to complete a financial transaction, wherein the request includes a token that is associated with a financial account from which funds are provided to pay for the financial transaction; determining transaction information associated with the financial transaction; determining both: one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account associated with the token, wherein the one or more limits define what financial transactions will be authorized when using the token; and one or more exceptions to the one or more limits, whereby a financial transaction that does not meet one or more limits may be approved if the financial transactions meets an exception; determining that the financial transaction triggers at least one of the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information for the financial transaction to the one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account; determining whether the financial transaction qualifies for an exception to the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information to the one or more exceptions; and authorizing the financial transaction when the financial transaction triggers one of the one or more limits but qualifies for the exception to the one or more limits.
In some embodiments, the exception is based on more than one type of transaction information. In further embodiments, the module includes further instruction code executable by one or more computing processors, and configured to cause the one or more computing processors to: request approval from a user for authorizing the financial transaction based on the exception; and authorize the financial transaction when the approval is received. In an embodiment, the exception is dependent, at least in part, on the limit that is applied to the financial transaction. In some embodiments, the transaction information is received from a merchant. In other embodiments, the transaction information is received from the user through an application that stores the token for use in financial transactions. In still further embodiments, the exception is determined by the financial institution offering the token based on a user's financial transaction history. In yet still further embodiments, the exception is based on a category of the financial transaction, wherein the category is associated with emergency expenditures.
In a second aspect, a computer program product for use in a token-based financial transaction system is provided, whereby the apparatus applies transaction-sensitive limits to a proposed financial transaction for purposes of approving, denying, or partially funding a token-based financial transaction. In some embodiments, the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium including an executable portion for causing a computer to receive a request to complete a financial transaction, wherein the request includes a token that is associated with a financial account from which funds are provided to pay for the financial transaction; an executable portion for causing a computer to determine transaction information associated with the financial transaction; an executable portion for causing a computer to determine both: one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account associated with the token, wherein the one or more limits define what financial transactions will be authorized when using the token; and one or more exceptions to the one or more limits, whereby a financial transaction that does not meet one or more limits may be approved if the financial transactions meets an exception; an executable portion for causing a computer to determine that the financial transaction triggers at least one of the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information for the financial transaction to the one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account; an executable portion for causing a computer to determine whether the financial transaction qualifies for an exception to the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information to the one or more exceptions; and an executable portion for causing a computer to authorize the financial transaction when the financial transaction triggers one of the one or more limits but qualifies for the exception to the one or more limits.
In a third aspect, a computer-implemented method for use in a token-based financial transaction system is provided, whereby the apparatus applies transaction-sensitive limits to a proposed financial transaction for purposes of approving, denying, or partially funding a token-based financial transaction. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving a request to complete a financial transaction, wherein the request includes a token that is associated with a financial account from which funds are provided to pay for the financial transaction; determining transaction information associated with the financial transaction; determining both: one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account associated with the token, wherein the one or more limits define what financial transactions will be authorized when using the token; and one or more exceptions to the one or more limits, whereby a financial transaction that does not meet one or more limits may be approved if the financial transactions meets an exception; determining that the financial transaction triggers at least one of the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information for the financial transaction to the one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account; determining whether the financial transaction qualifies for an exception to the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information to the one or more exceptions; and authorizing the financial transaction when the financial transaction triggers one of the one or more limits but qualifies for the exception to the one or more limits.
The features, functions, and advantages that have been discussed may be achieved independently in various embodiments of the present invention or may be combined in yet other embodiments, further details of which can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings.
Having thus described embodiments of the invention in general terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, where:
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all, embodiments of the invention are shown. Indeed, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. Although some embodiments of the invention described herein are generally described as involving a “financial institution” or “bank,” one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other embodiments of the invention may involve other businesses or institutions that take the place of or work in conjunction with the financial institution or bank to perform one or more of the processes or steps described herein as being performed by a financial institution or bank. Still in other embodiments of the invention the financial institution or bank described herein may be replaced with other types of businesses or institutions that offer account services to customers.
The present invention relates to tokenization, which is generally described in the area of financial transactions as utilizing a “token” (e.g., an alias, substitute, surrogate, or other like identifier) as a replacement for sensitive account information, and in particular account numbers. As such, tokens or portions of tokens may be used as a stand in for a user account number, user name, pin number, routing information related to the financial institution associated with the account, security code, or other like information relating to the user account. The one or more tokens may then be utilized as a payment instrument to complete a transaction. The one or more tokens may be associated with one or more payment devices directly, or within one or more digital wallets associated with the payment devices. In other embodiments, the tokens may be associated with electronic transactions that are made over the Internet instead of using a physical payment device. Utilizing a token as a payment instrument instead of actual account information, and specifically an account number improves security, and provides flexibility and convenience in controlling the transactions, controlling accounts used for the transactions, and sharing transactions between various users.
Tokens may be single-use instruments or multi-use instruments depending on the types of controls (e.g., limits) initiated for the token, and the transactions in which the token is used as a payment instrument. Single-use tokens may be utilized once, and thereafter disappear or are erased, while multi-use tokens may be utilized more than once before they disappear or are erased.
Tokens may be 16-digit numbers like credit, debit, or other like account numbers, may be numbers that are less than 16-digits, or may contain a combination of numbers, symbols, letters, or the like, and be more than, less than, or equal to 16-characters. In some embodiments, the tokens may have to be 16-characters or less in order to be compatible with the standard processing systems between merchants, acquiring financial institutions (e.g., merchant financial institution), card association networks (e.g., card processing companies), issuing financial institutions (e.g., user financial institution), or the like, which are used to request authorization, and approve or deny transactions entered into between a merchant and a user. In other embodiments of the invention, the tokens may be other types of electronic information (e.g., pictures, codes, or the like) that could be used to enter into a transaction instead of, or in addition to, using a string of characters (e.g., numbered character strings, alphanumeric character strings, symbolic character strings the like).
A user may have one or more digital wallets on the user's payment device. The digital wallets may be associated specifically with the user's financial institution, or in other embodiments may be associated with a specific merchant, group of merchants, or other third parties. The user may associate one or more user accounts (e.g., from the same institution or from multiple institutions) with the one or more digital wallets. In some embodiments, instead of the digital wallet storing the specific account number associated with the user account, the digital wallet may store a token or allow access to a token in order to represent the user account information (e.g., account number, user name, pin number, or the like). In other embodiments of the invention, the digital wallet may store some or all of the user account information, including the user account number, but presents the one or more tokens instead of the user account information when entering into a transaction with a merchant. The merchant may be a business, a person that is selling a good or service (hereinafter “product”), or any other institution or individual with which the user is entering into a transaction.
The digital wallet may be utilized in a number of different ways. For example, the digital wallet may be a device digital wallet, a cloud digital wallet, an e-commerce digital wallet, or another type of digital wallet. In the case of a device digital wallet the tokens are actually stored on the payment device. When the device digital wallet is used in a transaction the token stored on the device is used to enter into the transaction with the merchant. With respect to a cloud digital wallet the device does not store the token, but instead the token is stored in the cloud of the provider of the digital wallet (or another third party). When the user enters into a transaction with a merchant, transaction information is collected and provided to the owner of the cloud to determine the token, and thus how the transaction should be processed. In the case of an e-commerce digital wallet, a transaction is entered into over the Internet and not through a point of sale terminal. As was the case with the cloud digital wallet, when entering into a transaction with the merchant over the Internet the transaction information may be captured and transferred to the wallet provider (e.g., in some embodiment this may be the merchant) or another third party that stores the token, and the transaction may be processed accordingly.
Specific tokens, in some embodiments, may be tied to a single user account, but in other embodiments, may be tied to multiple user accounts, as will be described throughout this application. Moreover, the tokens may be associated with a specific digital wallet or multiple digital wallets based on the institutions and accounts with which the tokens may be associated. Moreover, the tokens themselves, or the user accounts, users, digital wallets, or the like associated with the tokens may have limitations that limit the transactions that the users may enter into using the tokens. The limitations may include, limiting the transactions of the user to a single merchant, a group of multiple merchants, merchant categories, single products, a group a products, product categories, transaction amount limits, transaction numbers, geographic locations, or other like limits as is described herein.
The token can be associated directly with the payment device 4, or otherwise, through one or more digital wallets associated with the payment device 4. For example, the token may be stored on one or more payment devices 4 directly, and as such any transaction entered into by the user 2 with the one or more payment devices 4 may utilize the token. Alternatively, the payment device 4 may have one or more digital wallets stored on the payment device 4 that allow the user 2 to store one or more user account numbers, or tokens associated with the user account numbers, on the one or more digital wallets. The user may select a digital wallet or account within the digital wallet in order to enter into a transaction using a specific type of customer account. As such, the digital wallets may be associated with the user's issuing financial institutions 40, other financial institutions, merchants 10 with which the user enters into transactions, or a third party institutions that facilitates transactions between users 2 and merchants 10.
As illustrated in
After or during creation of the token the user 2 enters into a transaction with a merchant 10 using the payment device 4 (or payment instrument over the Internet). In some embodiments the user 2 may use the payment device 4 by itself, or specifically select a digital wallet or user account stored within the digital wallet, to use in order to enter into the transaction. The token associated with payment device, digital wallet, or user account within the wallet is presented to the merchant 10 as payment in lieu of the actual user account number and/or other user account information. The merchant 10 receives the token, multiple tokens, and/or additional user account information for the transaction. The merchant 10 may or may not know that the token being presented for the transaction is a substitute for a user account number or other user account information. The merchant also captures transaction information (e.g., merchant, merchant location, transaction amount, product, or the like) related to the transaction in which the user 2 is entering with the merchant 10.
The merchant 10 submits the token (as well as any user account information not substituted by a token) and the transaction information for authorization along the normal processing channels (also described as processing rails), which are normally used to process a transaction made by the user 2 using a user account number. In one embodiment of the invention the acquiring financial institution 20, or any other institution used to process transactions from the merchant 10, receives the token, user account information, and transaction information from the merchant 10. The acquiring financial institution 20 identifies the token as being associated with a particular tokenization service 50 through the token itself or user account information associated with the token. For example, the identification of the tokenization service 50 may be made through a sub-set of characters associated with the token, a routing number associated with the token, other information associated with the token (e.g., tokenization service name), or the like. The acquiring financial institution 20 may communicate with the tokenization service 50 in order to determine the user account number associated with the token. The tokenization service 50 may receive the token and transaction data from the acquiring financial institution 20, and in response, provide the acquiring financial institution 20 the user account number associated with the token as well as other user information that may be needed to complete the transaction (e.g., user name, issuing financial institution routing number, user account number security codes, pin number, or the like). In other embodiments, if limits have been placed on the token, the tokenization service 50 may determine whether or not the transaction information meets the limits and either allows or denies the transaction (e.g., provides the user account number or fails to provide the user account number). The embodiment being described is when the token is actually stored on the payment device 4. In other embodiments, for example, when the actual token is stored in a cloud the payment device 4 may only store a link to the token or other token information that allows the merchant 10 or acquiring financial institution to acquire the token from a stored cloud location.
If the acquiring financial institution 20 receives the user account number from the tokenization service 50 (e.g., the transaction is allowed), then the acquiring financial institution 20 thereafter sends the user account number, the other user information, and the transaction information directly to the issuing financial institution 40, or otherwise indirectly through the card association networks 30. The financial institution determines if the user 2 has the funds available to enter into the transaction, and if the transaction meets other limits on the user account, and responds with approval or denial of the transaction. The approval runs back through the processing channels until the acquiring financial institution 20 provides approval or denial of the transaction to the merchant 10 and the transaction between the merchant 10 and the user 2 is completed. After the transaction is completed the token may be deleted, erased, or the like if it is a single-use token, or stored for further use if it is a multi-use token.
The embodiment illustrated in
The user 2 may enter into a transaction with the merchant 10 using a payment device 4 (or a payment instrument through the Internet). In one embodiment the user 2 may enter into the transaction with a token associated with the payment device 4 itself (or a payment instrument through the Internet). In other embodiments, a specific digital wallet and/or a specific account within the digital wallet may be selected for a particular merchant with whom the user 2 wants to enter into a transaction. For example, the user 2 may select “wallet 1” to enter into a transaction with “merchant 1” and “token 1” to utilize a specific account. The merchant 10 identifies the token, and sends the token and the transaction information to the acquiring financial institution 20. If the token has routing information the acquiring financial institution 20 may route the token and transaction data to the issuing financial institution 40 directly or through the card association networks 30. In situations where the token does not have associated routing information, the acquiring financial institution 20 may utilize a tokenization routing database 32 that stores tokens or groups of tokens and indicates to which issuing financial institutions 40 the tokens should be routed. One or more of the acquiring financial institutions 20, the card association networks 30, and/or the issuing financial institutions 40 may control the tokenization routing database in order to assign and manage routing instructions for tokenization across the payment processing industry. The tokenization routing database 32 may be populated with tokens and the corresponding issuing financial institutions 40 to which transactions associated with the tokens should be routed.
Once the token and transaction details are routed to the issuing financial institution 40, the issuing financial institution 20 determines the user account associated with the token through the use of the token account database 42. The financial institution determines if the funds are available in the user account for the transaction and if the transaction information meets other limits by comparing the transaction information with the limits associated with the token or the user account associated with the token. If the transaction meets the limits associated with the token or user account, then the issuing financial institution 20 allows the transaction. If the transaction information does not meet one or more of the limits, then the issuing financial institution 20 denies the transaction. The issuing financial institution sends a notification of the approval or denial of the transaction back along the channels of the transaction processing system to the merchant 10, which either allows or denies the transaction.
The embodiment illustrated in
The merchant 10 may provide the specific tokens from the financial institution 40 to the user 2, while the financial institution 40 may store the user account information with the token provided to the user 2. The financial institution may communicate directly with the user 2, or through the merchant 10 in some embodiments, in order to associate the token with the user 2. Since the merchant 10 provides, or is at least notified by the financial institution 40, that a specific token, or groups of tokens, are associated with a specific issuing financial institution 40, then the merchant 10 may associate routing information and transaction information with the token when the user 2 enters into a transaction with the merchant 10 using the token.
The merchant 10 passes the token (and potentially other user account information), routing information, and transaction information to the acquiring financial institution 20 using the traditional payment processing channels. The acquiring financial institution 20, in turn, passes the token (and potentially other user account information) and transaction information directly to the issuing financial institution 40, or indirectly through the payment association networks 30 using the routing information. The issuing financial institution 40 accesses the token and account database 42 to identify the user account associated with the token and determines if the transaction information violates any limits associated with the token or the user account. The issuing financial institution 40 then either approves or denies the transaction and sends the approval or denial notification back through the payment processing system channels to the merchant 10, which then notifies the user 2 that the transaction is allowed or denied.
As is the case with the token system 2 in
The embodiments of the invention illustrated in
As briefly discussed above, if the issuing financial institution 40 creates the digital wallet not only does the financial institution 40 receive transaction information along the normal processing channels, but the financial institution 50 may also receive additional transaction information from the user 2 through the digital wallet using the application program interfaces (APIs) or other application created for the digital wallet. For example, geographic location information of the user 2, dates and times, product information, merchant information, or any other information may be transmitted to the issuing financial institution 40 through the APIs or other applications to the extent that this information is not already provided through the normal transaction processing channels. This additional transaction information may assist in determining if the transactions meet or violate limits associated with the tokens, user accounts, digital wallets, or the like.
Alternatively, if the merchant 10 or another institution, other than the issuing financial institution 40, provides the digital wallet to the user 2, the issuing financial institution 40 may not receive all the transaction information from the traditional transaction processing channels or from the digital wallet. As such, the issuing financial institution 40 may have to receive additional transaction information from another application associated with the user 2 and compare the transaction information received through the traditional channels in order to associate the additional information with the transaction. In other embodiments, the issuing financial institutions 40 may have partnerships with the merchants 10 or other institutions to receive additional transaction information from the digital wallets provided by the merchants or other institutions when the user enters into transactions using the digital wallets.
Moreover, when there is communication between the digital wallets of the users 2 and the issuing financial institution 40 or another institution, transactions in which the user 2 may enter may be pre-authorized (e.g., pre-qualified) to determine what accounts (e.g., tokens) may be used to complete the transaction, without having to arbitrarily choose an account for the transaction. In the case when there are multiple digital wallets or multiple accounts, the account that is pre-authorized or the account that provides the best rewards may be automatically chosen to complete the transactions.
Additional embodiments of the invention will now be described in further detail in order to provide additional concepts and examples related to how tokens may be utilized in these illustrated token system processes 1 or in other token system processes not specifically described in
Block 204 of
As illustrated by block 208 one or more users are associated with the shared token, or the account associated with the shared token. For example, the user 2 (e.g., employee users, retail users, or the like) may be authorized as users 2 of the token (e.g., by the administrator) or otherwise associated with the account with which the shared token is associated. For example, in some embodiments user information may be associated with the shared token or the account, such as a user name, user identification number, payment device 4 identifier, digital wallet identifier, or the like. In other embodiments the administrators (e.g., of the business client or retail client) may determine what users 2 may download, access, or otherwise utilize the shared token to enter into transactions, by adding the user information to a list that allows the users 2 to gain access to the shared token. In other embodiments of the invention, the business client or retail client may utilize a messaging system (e.g., e-mail, text message, online banking account message, social media message, or other like message over another communication channel) to send a notification message to the one or more users 2 indicating that the users 2 may join a collaborative group of users 2. In still other embodiments, the users 2 may send a request to join a collaborative group of users 2 to the issuing financial institution 40. As such, in some embodiments the users 2 may be manually or automatically added to the collaborative group of users 2 before being asked to join a collaborative group of users 2, or provided with the shared token or access to the shared token. In other embodiments the users 2 may be added only after the users 2 are sent a message to join a collaborative group of users 2, and acceptance of the invitation to join is received from the user 2.
As illustrated by block 210, the shared tokens or access to the shared tokens may be distributed to the plurality of users 2. In some embodiments of the invention, the business client or retail client may again utilize a messaging system to send a notification message to the one or more users 2 illustrating how to join a collaborative group of users 2, and be allowed to use the shared token for transactions. As previously discussed, the collaborative group of users 2 may be formed to jointly utilize a shared token for transactions related to one or more customers, one or more specific transactions, one or more projects, one or more trips (e.g., business trips, vacations, or the like). The message or another like communication may securely provide the shared token to the users 2, or in the alternative may provide the users 2 the necessary token information to access the shared tokens when entering into transactions. As such, the users 2 may download, access, or otherwise identify the shared token. The actual shared tokens or the shared token information used to access the tokens may be stored within the users' payment devices 4, or stored in an application that may be accessed by the users' payment devices 4.
Block 212 of
Block 214 illustrates that the account associated with the shared token is funded. In some embodiments of the invention, the account may be a credit account, a debit account, or another like account. Furthermore, the shared token may be associated with an account that is already funded, such as a corporate account or family account that already has associated funds. As such, additional funds may be made available or added to the account, if needed. In other embodiments, the account may be a new account, and as such the account may need to be funded in order to enter into transactions using the shared token. As such, in one embodiment the account may be a credit account, and funding the account indicates placing a spending account limit on the account. The amount of funds available may also be based on collateral associated with the account by the users 2. Each user may be responsible for a portion of the maximum spending limit of the account, or in other embodiments may be responsible for the entire spending limit jointly and severably. In other embodiments of the invention the account may be a debit account, and funding the account indicates debiting funds from the one or more users 2 (or other funding sources) into the account. Each user associated with the account may provide the same amount to the account (e.g., $500 each), or each user may provide different amounts. The amount of funds contributed to the account (e.g., debit account), or attributed to the account (e.g., credit account), by each user 2 may be tracked in order to determine how much the users 2 may spend, or how much should be returned to the users 2 after they leave the collaborative group of users 2. In some embodiments one or more users 2 may contribute funds on a recurring basis. In still other embodiments, if one or more users 2 enter into transactions without using the shared token (e.g., use other user accounts) the one or more users 2 may be reimbursed using funds from the account associated with the shared token.
Block 216 of
Block 220 of
As such, as previously discussed with respect to
As illustrated by block 226, if the transaction (e.g., transaction information) fails to meet the limits (e.g., violates the limits) the transaction may be denied. Alternatively, if the transaction (e.g., transaction information) meets the limits (e.g., passes the limits) the transaction may be allowed.
In some embodiments, a new user 2 may be periodically added to the collaborative group of users 2 as illustrated by block 230 in
Block 234 illustrates that the shared token may be disassociated from the user 2 (e.g., user payment device 4, user digital wallet, or the like) in order to remove the user 2 from the collaborative group of users 2. The administrator of the client (e.g., business client, retail client, or the like) may prevent one or more users 2 in the group of users 2 from utilizing the shared token. For example, the administrator may remove the shared token or link to the shared token from the payment or digital wallet of the user 2. In another embodiment, the administrator may block of the use of the token by the specific user 2. The administrator may also replace the token for all of the other users 2 in the collaboration group except for the user 2 that is to be removed from the collaboration group. In still other embodiments, the token may remain with the user 2, however, when user information is captured during the transaction and sent for authorization the transaction may be denied by the institution storing the request to prevent the user 2 from continuing to use the shared token. In other examples, instead of the shared token being disassociated from the user 2 the token information that links the payment device (e.g., digital wallet) to the shared token may be disassociated from the user 2 (e.g., the payment device 4).
Block 236 illustrates that when the shared token or link to the shared token is dissociated from the user 2, or the user 2 is otherwise prevented from using the shared token, a portion of the user's remaining funds contributed to the account may be returned to the user 2. As discussed, the purchases made by each user 2 may be tracked, and in one embodiment the disassociated user 2 is refunded a portion of his contribution, based in part on the disassociated user's contribution, the purchases made by the dissociated user 2, distributions taken by the dissociated user 2 in the past, the purchases made by other user's associated with the shared token, the limits related to use of the funds by the users 2, or the like.
As illustrated by block 238, in some embodiments of the invention the limits on the tokens, users 2, payments devices 4, accounts, or the like may be edited as the business clients, retail clients, or the like (e.g., administers of the client) have changing needs related to controlling the transactions of the users.
In one embodiment, the tokens, accounts, users 2, limits, or the like may be created and assigned as described herein through the use of graphical interfaces that allows the administrator within the business client, retail client, or the like to manage the use of the shared token as desired.
Embodiments related to
In still other embodiments of the invention, instead of using a single shared token for the collaborative group of users 2, multiple shared tokens may be provided to the collaborative group of uses 2. The multiple shared tokens may be associated with a single account or multiple accounts for the collaborative group of users 2. As such, when entering into a transaction the user 2 may select the token, account, or the like that the user 2 would like to utilize in the transaction. Moreover, if the token associated with a single user becomes misappropriated then only the single token for the specific user 2 is replaced instead of having to replace the shared with all of the users 2.
As such, in some embodiments of the invention instead of providing a shared token for use by a collaborative group of users 2, each individual user 2 is associated with one or more individual tokens (e.g., unique tokens) associated with the collaborative account. Moreover, if the user 2 has multiple payment devices 4, the individual tokens for a single user 2 may be different for each separate payment device 4. For example, in the case of a business client, a plurality of tokens may be associated with a business account (e.g., a corporate card account) that the employee users 2 may utilize in order to enter into transactions related to the business. As an example, a first token associated with a first business account may also be associated with a first employee user 2. A second token associated with the first business account may be associated with a second employee user 2. In addition, a third token associated with a second business account may also be associated with a first employee user 2. As such, the first employee user 2 may be associated with multiple tokens, which may each be associated with individual business accounts (e.g., business account 1 and business account 2, or the like). Additionally, a first employee user 2 and a second employee user 2 may be associated with the same business account through the use of different tokens.
In other embodiments, in the case of a retail client, a plurality of tokens may be associated with an account of the administrator (e.g., parents may associate the tokens with one or more savings, checking, or other like accounts owned by the parents). As discussed with respect to an employee user 2, a retail user 2 may also be associated with one or more tokens that are each associated with one or more separate accounts. For example, a first retail user 2 may be associated with a first token and a second token, wherein the first token is associated with a first retail account (e.g., a debit account) and a second token is associated with a second retail account (e.g., a credit account). Additionally, a second retail user 2 may be associated with the first retail account and the second retail account using a third token and a fourth token, respectively.
In other embodiments of the invention the individual users 2, and thus, the individual tokens associated with the users 2 may be categorized into various accounts, groups, sub-groups, or the like. As such, the individual tokens and individual users 2 may not only be associated on an individual level, but may also be associated with other users 2 and groups. For example, the client or administrator may associate individual users 2 with various accounts (e.g., user 1 and user 2 may both be associated with account 1, while user 1 is also associated with account 2). The individual users 2 within an account or across accounts may also be categorized into groups of users 2, such as a first set of users 2 being associated with a first group (e.g., sales group), and a second set of users 2 being associated with a second group (e.g., procurement group, engineering group, account group, or the like). Moreover, individual users 2 within a group may be associated with sub-groups, such as the users in the first group may be further defined into a first sub-group (e.g., sales team 1) and a second sub-group (e.g., sales team 2). The sub-groups may further be divided into additional sub-groups until the individual user level is reached. As such, the users 2 may be structured into hierarchal levels within a business client, in order to place limits on the use of one or more of the business accounts based on the hierarchal levels.
In addition to the users 2, or in the alternative, the tokens that are associated with the individual users may be categorized into the hierarchal levels described above (e.g., account level, group level, sub-group level, additional sub-groups, an individual level, or the like). In one embodiment the individual tokens are categorized together after they are assigned to the users 2 and as the users 2 are categorized into the various levels. Alternatively, the tokens may be categorized together before the users 2 are categorized, and thus assigned to the users 2, in part, based on the categories to which the tokens are assigned. For example, a set of tokens may be assigned to a specific account and this set of tokens may be further categorized into a first token group and a second token group. As is the case with the users 2, the first token group may be further divided into a first sub-group, a second sub-group, or the like. Each of the tokens within a sub-group may be further divided into additional sub-groups. As such, the tokens may be categorized and assigned to different accounts, group, sub-groups or the like, and on the individual user level.
By categorizing the tokens and/or the users 2 into the various levels, this may allow the client (e.g., the administrator) to place limits on a global level, account level, group level, sub-group level, or the like, as well as the individual level. For example, a business client can control the transactions of employee users 2 globally, within teams or groups of employees, and/or on individual employees. In another example, this may allow a retail client to set limits on groups of retail users 2 (e.g., children, trust beneficiaries, grandparents, legal dependents, or the like).
As discussed throughout this application the individual tokens may also be associated with digital wallets, as such the tokens, users 2, and accounts may further be grouped based on the one or more digital wallets with which each is associated.
As such, as was the case with the shared token, one or more limits may be placed on the individual tokens, users 2, accounts, digital wallets, or the like as discussed throughout this application. In some embodiments of the invention, the limits may be placed on the tokens, the users 2 (e.g., the individual users, the sub-group of users, the group of users, or the users associated with an account, or the like based on the tokens or the users), the digital wallets of the users 2, or the actual accounts listed within the digital wallets. For example, when the limits are placed on the token, if the token becomes compromised and replaced with another token, the limits may be lost or have to be transferred to the new replacement token. As such, in some embodiments when a token is replaced the limits are transferred to the new token, while in other embodiments the limits may have to be reinstated. In other embodiments, the limits may be associated with the individual users, groups of users, sub-groups of users, or the like. This allows the different limits to be placed on the users globally, on multiple users, or on individual users 2 as necessary. As such, in these embodiments when a token is compromised and requires replacement, the limits may not be affected because the limits are not specifically tied to the tokens.
In addition, the limits may be further placed on the digital wallet or individual accounts within the digital wallet. For example, users 2 may utilize a first account and a second account associated with a digital wallet. The users 2 may be within the same sub-groups and groups, but the first account and the second account may have different limits or the same limits. Alternatively, the first account and second account may be associated with different sub-groups and groups, and either have different limits or the same limits. It should be understood that any combination of limits described herein may be used to set various limits on different levels described within this specification, or on levels not specifically described within this specification.
The transactions that utilize an individual token may be processed in the same way as described with respect to the processes illustrated in
If the transaction (e.g., transaction information) fails to meet the limits, the transaction may be denied. Alternatively, if the transaction (e.g., transaction information) meets the limits then transaction may be allowed.
While the system has been described as determining whether the transaction meets the limits and either allowing or denying a transaction based on that determination, in some embodiments the filters may also be responsive to transaction information.
As stated and described above, limitations may be applied to the use of an account associated with a token to help regulate or control user transactions. Utilizing limitations on the use of the account associated with the token provides flexibility on applying limits and may further increase security surrounding the unauthorized use of a user account and transmittal of transaction information, account information, monetary funds, or other potentially sensitive information.
The limits discussed herein may include limiting a transaction by a predetermined number of merchants 10 (e.g., a finite number of allowable/deniable merchants 10), a particular group of merchants 10 or one or more merchant categories, (e.g., only grocers), a product type, a group of products or product categories (e.g., only food or gasoline purchases), an amount limit associated with the transaction (e.g., no transaction amounts above a predetermined threshold are allowed, or a minimum transaction amount), a history of purchases, user behavior, a frequency of purchases, a geographic location (e.g., no transactions allowed outside of a predetermined range, specific merchant, area, zip code, city, county, state, country, radius from a specified point, route along one or more roads), a period of time (a time, a day, a month, a year, a quarter) or the like. One or more limits may be assigned singularly or in combination with other limits to either one or more users 2, the token, a device or application associated with a user 2 or a token, an account, a digital wallet, or the like. The limits may be defined or configured by the user 2, by an administrator, by an agent associated with the entity, by a third party, or the like based on need. Configuring the limits may require authentication (e.g., a password), device authentication, or another type of authentication. The entity instituting the limits may be enabled to assign the limits to the user 2, the token, or both, or a device, an account, a digital wallet, or the like.
For example, a child may be limited by a $10-a-day weekday spending budget that is suspended on the weekends. However, the weekend may impose different limits to the token associated with the child's account, as it may be limited to transactions with merchants who sell food, gasoline, wherein entertainment venues are restricted. These limits may be defined by the parent through the method described herein, namely
In some embodiments, limitations may be placed on the individual users 2. Any transaction associated with the user 2 may be monitored or stored as transaction information by the present invention, which may then determine if the transaction is allowed or denied based on the predetermined limitations associated with the user 2. Associating limits on a user level allows for easy replacement of tokens when a token is misappropriated (e.g., when a token is lost) since the limits remain associated with the user 2 regardless of the token used. Limitations associated with the user 2 may also include an association with an account or a device (e.g., a smart phone, a tablet, or the like) known to be owned or operated by the user 2. Limits may further be associated with one user 2, multiple users, a group of users, or all users. The limitations may be statically or dynamically assigned to the user 2. For example, the user 2 may have a spending limit associated with an account on alternating weeks. One week the user 2 may have a spending limit, but the next week the limit may be removed or altered to include a geographic limit. One or more users 2 may be assigned to the same limits, or different limits.
In other embodiments, the limitations may be placed on the tokens. Any transaction associated with the token may be monitored or stored as described by the present invention herein, which may then determine if the transaction is allowed or denied based on the limitations associated with the token. Additionally, by associating the limitations with the token instead of the user 2, the system may more simply replace a first token with one or more limits with a second token with one or more different limits instead of having to log into an account to change the limits associated with account or the user 2 on an as-needed basis. In other embodiments of the invention the token may remain the same and the limits on the token may change. The limitations may be statically or dynamically assigned to the token. Limitations associated with the token may also include an association with an account or a device (e.g., a smart phone, a tablet, or the like) known to have access to an account associated with the token.
In another example, two users may both have access to a joint account (e.g., a pre-funded business account) that has a maximum spending limit of $1,000 for a week-long business trip to City 1. The token associated with the joint account, may include limits that authorize transaction requests that are initiated within a 25-mile radius of City 1, or at predetermined travel stops (e.g., airports, bus stops, gas stations, restaurants, hotels, or the like) in route to City 1 for the week of the trip. In some embodiments, the two users may be issued the same token associated with the same account. If one of the two users loses his token (or the security of his token is otherwise compromised) then a new replacement token may be issued to one or both of the users. Preexisting limits associated with the token may be required to be reinstated on the newly issued tokens. Alternatively, the preexisting limits may also be automatically transferred to the newly issued replacement token. In other embodiments, the two users may each be issued an individual token associated with the same joint account. If one of the two users loses his token (or the security of his token is otherwise compromised) then a new token may be issued to only one of the users, namely the user who lost his token. Preexisting limits associated with the token may be required to be reinstated on the newly replacement issued token, or may be automatically transferred to the newly issued replacement token.
In continuing with the same example as above, if the limits are placed on the account (e.g., global limits) and the users 2 (e.g., individual user 2 level) then when the tokens are replaced there is no needed to worry about changing the limits on the token or reinstituting the limit because the limits are not associated with the token. However, if there are a large number of users (e.g., 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, or the like) it may be difficult to continuously monitor the transaction limits of each of the users 2 and change the limits as the needs of each individual user 2 changes. Instead, it may be more efficient to control the limits based on a token level as explained below.
When the limits are associated with a token it may be easier to edit the limits of current tokens by simply pushing (or allowing a user to pull) new tokens into the account whenever the limits change. For example, if the user's 2 configured limits (e.g., a spending limit at entertainment-related merchants) are to be modified for a period of time (e.g., no transactions after 6 pm), the present invention may issue a new token that prevents transactions after 6 pm. In some embodiments, when the token expires the limits on the account are removed. Therefore, the present invention may not be required to constantly update limit configurations, but rather simply issue a new token to the user (or alternatively remove a token from the user). As such, the token may be associated with a specific account, and may further be associated with specific limits. For example, if the user 2 is on a business trip and needs to take a customer on a last minute dinner, the employer (e.g., administrator) may issue the user a new token that can be used for a specific restaurant at a specific time in order to allow a transaction that might not have been previously allowed. In this way the token is provided to the user 2 and it may disappear after the time period is extinguished and/or the transaction is completed. Therefore, the user 2 or multiple users 2 may have real-time access to a larger pool of funds (e.g., a business count) based on access to a token, as well as limits associated with the token or the user 2. If the limits were based on the user 2 the administrator or other entity may have to first modify the limits associated with the user 2 to allow the transaction and thereafter change the limits associated with the user 2 again after the transaction occurs. Thus, the token may serve as a temporary access point to an account. In another example, in a collective group of users 2 instead of allowing all of the users 2 within the collaborative group of users 2 the same access to the account, the administrator or other entity may provide each user 2 multiple tokens (e.g., single use or multi-use tokens) that may be used for specific types of transactions with specific limits. If the limits need to change for the one or more users 2, some of the tokens may be removed and additional tokens may be provided to the users 2 with new limits as opposed to manually configuring the limits associated with each of the users 2. For example, one user in the collaborative group may receive five (5) $20 tokens that can be used specifically at various merchants 10. As the funds are used for each of the tokens the tokens may disappear. Alternatively, another user in the collaborative group of users 10 may receive $100 tokens that can be used to enter into transactions for the hotel rooms of the collaborative group of users 10.
A combination of utilizing limitations on both a global user and/or token scale (e.g., a total spending limit for token associated with a joint account) and an individual user and/or individual token scale (e.g., individual spending limits for each individual user 2 or individual tokens) may provide secure control and regulation of spending with flexibility in limiting transactions in a number of different ways. As an example, limitations can be placed on the user 2 in conjunction with limitations associated with a shared token associated with the joint account. For example, the shared token may have a $1,000 limit, which is further broken down on a user level such that one user may have a spending limit of $700 out of the total $1,000, while the other user may have spending limit of $300 out of the total $1,000. These limitations may help enable the joint account holder (e.g., a corporate account) to effectively manage the overall spending budget while also controlling the spending budgets of each user 2.
The present invention may include means for defining, selecting, modifying, adding, or deleting limitations associated with the user, the token, or the account, as well as for grouping users 2 together. The priority or precedence order of how limitations are applied (e.g., limiting the user 2 before the token, limiting the token before the user, or limiting both the user and the token concurrently) may be configured as well. Limitations may be controlled by a user 2 or by someone else (e.g., a merchant, the issuing financial institution, a representative associated with an entity, a third party, a tokenization service, or the like). The limitations may be effective for a predetermined period of time or independently of time.
As the transaction request is processed in the aforementioned processes 500 and 600, the token may be used as a substitute for sensitive account information. Utilizing the token in lieu of the actual account information may be more secure than transmitting the account information and not utilizing the token because the token, an entity-generated string of characters (e.g., number, alphanumeric, or the like) that acts as a placeholder to the actual account information, has no indication of account information in the characters (i.e., simply possessing or displaying the token does not display the account information). Transmitting the token in lieu of the account information across a network may ensure that account information remains secure.
Once the request to execute the transaction is received, transaction information may also be received. The transaction information may be associated with the transaction request and may include but is not limited to an amount of funds, a merchant name, a customer name, a token, an account number or name, a time of day, or the like. The present invention may receive the transaction information from the merchant 10, the user 2, a device associated with the user 2 (e.g., a smart phone), a payment application or device, a third party payment service provider, or from another source either at the point of sale or at a predetermined time after the transaction request is processed. For example, the transaction information may be collected from readable indicia (e.g., a computer-readable code, a digital picture, a quick response code (QR code), or the like) associated with a product via the user's 2 smart phone during a purchase. The readable indicia may, upon receipt via the user's 2 mobile device, provide the mobile device with computer-readable code or instructions to execute a transaction associated with the product, which may include retrieving or downloading transaction information associated with the product, the user 2, an account associated with the user 2, a token associated with an account, product information, a price, a time or date of transaction, location information associated with the product or the transaction, inventory information, or the like. Transaction information associated with the transaction request (or received from the user 2) may be used to determine if one or more limits associated with the user 2 or associated with the token are met. Specifically, the transaction information may be compared to one or limits associated with the user 2 or associated with the token. If it is determined that the limits are met based on the transaction information, then the transaction may be allowed. If it is determined that the limits are not met based on the transaction information, then the transaction may be denied.
For example, if the transaction amount (a piece of information included in the received transaction information) is $40, and the user has applied a maximum single transaction amount limit of $50 to the token associated with the user's financial account, then the present invention may determine that the limits are indeed met based on the transaction information. Therefore, the transaction may be allowed. Conversely, if the transaction amount is $60, and the user has applied a maximum single transaction amount limit of $50 to the token associated with the user's financial account, then the present invention may determine that the limits are not met based on the transaction information. Therefore, the transaction may be denied.
As previously discussed herein, an issuing financial institution 40 may be responsible for processing the transaction request, including determining if limits associated with the transaction request are met or not met based on transaction information. In other embodiments, a third party tokenization service 50, or another entity may be responsible for processing the transaction request. While processing the transaction request, the present invention (or another application, a third party service, or the like) may verify that the account associated with the token contains sufficient funds to complete the transaction.
In block 710, in some embodiments the system receives a request to complete a financial transaction, wherein the request includes a token that is associated with a financial account from which funds are provided to pay for the financial transaction. The system may receive the request from the merchant, from the user, from the mobile wallet, from an intermediary, or the like. In an embodiment, the system receives the request electronically. In some embodiments, the request is transmitted at least partially wirelessly to the system. For example, the mobile wallet on the user's mobile device may wirelessly transmit the request to the system.
In an embodiment, the request is a request for approval for a transaction, such as a purchase, at a merchant. The request may also be a request for approval of a funds transfer, such as a funds transfer from a first account to a second account. The user may be wirelessly transferring money from the user's account using the user's mobile device to a second account by being within wireless communication distance of a second individual's mobile device. In still further embodiments, the request is a request for a deposit or withdrawal from an account, such as via an automated teller machine. The user may be depositing funds into an account or withdrawing funds and thereby loading the token with additional funds.
In an embodiment, the request may be to complete the financial transaction. The request may be the first communication the system has regarding the transaction or the transaction may already be in processing when the request is received. For example, the merchant may send a first set of information regarding the transaction and then the request may be received from the user's mobile device. The first set of information received by the system may include the merchant name, the amount, the date, the location, the category of purchases, and the like. The request then includes the token and additional information relating to the token, such as amount of funds remaining for a specific category or all categories on the token, the expiration date of the token, the number of transactions in total for the token or by category, in some embodiments classified by date. In other words, the first set of merchant received by the system may relate to the transaction information received from the merchant. The request received by the system may also include this information based on which party sends the information to the system and whether this information is shared between the mobile wallet, the merchant, and intermediaries.
As used herein, a token is an alias, substitute, surrogate, or other like identifier as a replacement for sensitive account information, and in particular account numbers. The token is associated with a financial account, which may be a standard financial account at a financial institution such as a checking account, savings account, money market account, investment account, or the like. In other embodiments, the financial account is a non-standard currency account, such as a rewards points account, virtual currency (e.g., Bitcoin), points associated with gaming system, or the like. In an embodiment, the token serves as an intermediary for the account so that the financial transaction can be completed without sharing the user's personal financial information. In an embodiment, the funds are provided to pay for the financial transaction.
In block 720, in some embodiments the system determines transaction information associated with the transaction. As discussed herein, the transaction information may be transaction related, token related, user related, or the like. For example, transaction information may be the amount, location, merchant, date, category and/or products, of the transaction. Transaction information may also be related to the token, such as the limits on the token. This transaction information may be the number of transactions performed on the token in the previous time period, the amounts remaining on different categories on the token, the geographic limits of the token, and the like. Further, examples of user-related transaction information include the user's transaction history to determine exceptions, the user's account information for matching to the token, or the like.
In some embodiments, the system determines the transaction information by receiving the transaction information in the request. In some embodiments, the system determines the transaction information based on analysis of a database related to the token and/or user. The user's transaction history may be evaluated on the financial institution's server. In a further embodiment, the mobile wallet provides the transaction information to the system.
In block 730, in some embodiments the system determines one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account associated with the token, wherein the one or more limits define what financial transactions will be authorized when using the token. As discussed herein in
In an embodiment, the one or more limits define what financial transactions will be authorized when using the token. In general, if the financial transaction meets the limit (e.g., does not exceed the maximum amount limit) the transaction is allowed. If the financial transaction does not meet the limit, the transaction is denied. As discussed herein, the system may also evaluate the transaction information to determine whether an exception applies.
In block 740, in some embodiments the system communicates the one or more limits to the user. In some embodiments, the system notifies the user of the exception in advance of the exception being used. For example, the system may notify the user that the exception is available given the current date and the expenditures in various categories on the token. In further embodiments, the system may notify the user of the exception during the transaction. For example, the system may determine that the transaction qualifies for an exception and alert the user to the exception.
In block 750, in some embodiments the system determines one or more exceptions to the one or more limits, whereby a financial transaction that does not meet one or more limits may be approved if the financial transaction meets an exception. In some embodiments, the exceptions are based at least in part upon the transaction information. For example, the system may determine that a transaction does not meet a category limit because doing so would cause the token to exceed the category limit for the time period. In this example, however, the system also determines that the token is near, e.g., within one week, within three days, within one day, or the like, the expiration date of the token or the current evaluation period for the token and that the token has remaining funds in a different category. Given the short period of time remaining for the expenses to be made, the system may determine that the transaction falls within an exception and allow the transaction. In another example, the system may determine that the user is outside of geographic limits defined by a route. The system, however, determines that the user has conducted a transaction at the merchant frequently in the past and therefore allows the transaction based on the previous number of transactions at the merchant. These examples use multiple types of transaction information, e.g., the date of the transaction, the location of the transaction, the category of the transaction, the amount of the transaction, and the like, to determine if the exceptions apply.
In some embodiments, only a single piece of transaction information applies. For example, the system may always permit transactions that are associated with a specific category, for example, emergency expenses. The system may always permit transactions at emergency rooms, doctors' offices, and the like.
In some embodiments, the exception is independent of the limit. For example, the emergency category exception may apply regardless of the limit that is being exceeded. In some embodiments, the exception is related to the limits. For example, there may be an exception to allow a transaction that would normally be denied based on a minimum transaction amount limit. The exception may only apply when the token is not capable of reaching the minimum transaction amount. For example, a user may have a limit of a minimum of $20.00 for a transaction conducted via a token. The user may attempt to conduct a transaction totaling $10.00. Typically, this transaction would be denied because the minimum amount is not met. However, the system may determine that an exception applies if only $18.00 remains on the token. In this example, the exception applies because the enforcing the limit would prevent the token from being completely used.
In some embodiments, the exceptions are determined by the system and/or the user. For example, the system may provide a list of exceptions based on the user's transaction history. If the user has a favorite coffee shop, the system may allow transactions at the coffee shop up to a certain amount even if the transaction would not meet a limit. The user or an administrator may provide exceptions based on location or other transaction information. For example, the user may input exceptions that allow transactions within a specific region, e.g., a city, that would not be allowed outside of the specific region. The exceptions may be changed at any time by the system or user.
The exceptions may be limited by frequency, amount, percentage of the limit, or the like. For example, a transaction may qualify for an exception but only up to a certain percentage of the funds remaining in a related category. For example, a transaction may qualify for an exception because the expense period for the token is almost expired and there are remaining funds in a first category. The system may permit a transaction in a second category up to some percentage (e.g., 50%) of the funds remaining in the first category.
In block 760, in some embodiments the system determines that the financial transaction triggers at least one of the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information for the financial transaction to the one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account. The financial transaction triggers the limit if the transaction does not meet the limit. For example, the limit may be a geographic limit and the transaction may trigger the limit if the system determines that the intended transaction is outside of the geographic limit. In an embodiment, the system determines that the transaction triggers the limit based on a comparison of the transaction information for the financial transaction to the one or more limits associated with at least one of the token and/or the financial account.
In block 770, in some embodiments the system determines whether the financial transaction qualifies for an exception to the one or more limits based on a comparison of the transaction information to the one or more exceptions. In an embodiment, the system compares the transaction information to the one or more exceptions. For example, the system determines that the transaction is outside of geographic limits but that the transaction is at a frequently visited site. In decision block 780, the system determines a yes or no answer to whether the transaction qualifies for the exception.
In block 790, in some embodiments the system denies the transaction when the transaction does not qualify for the exception. If the transaction does not meet at least one limit and does not qualify for an exception, the system denies the transaction.
In block 800, in some embodiments the system determines a necessary level of approval to institute the exception. In some embodiments, no approval is necessary and the exception is automatically applied. In some embodiments, the system requires permission before allowing the transaction based on the exception. For example, the system may send a message to the user's mobile device or to a different user's mobile device (e.g., parent, administrator, or the like) requiring the user to acknowledge that the exception is permitted.
In decision block 810, in some embodiments the system determines whether the necessary level of approval has been received. The determination may be made based on evaluation of input from users, mobile wallets, and/or merchants. For example, the user may be required to enter approval into a keypad at a point-of-sale to provide approval.
In block 820, in some embodiments the system denies the transaction when the necessary level of approval has not been received. Again, if approval is necessary and not received, the system will deny the transaction.
In block 830, in some embodiments the system authorizes the financial transaction when the financial transaction triggers one of the one or more limits but qualifies for the exception to the one or more limits. Here, the exception is applied to allow the transaction. While the transaction would normally be denied because of the one or more limits, the exception applies and therefore the system authorizes the financial transaction. At this point, the system may transfer funds to complete the transaction or otherwise complete the transaction so that the exchange of goods or services for payment occurs.
The transaction-responsive limits are designed to provide flexibility to the system and better serve the user. The transaction-responsive limits may be tailored to the user or generic to the token and/or system. By providing for transaction-responsive limits, the system allows transactions that would otherwise be denied based on binary yes/no limits when the transaction information indicates the appropriateness of the transaction.
The network 102 may be a global area network (GAN), such as the Internet, a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN), or any other type of network or combination of networks. The network 102 may provide for wireline, wireless, or a combination of wireline and wireless communication between devices on the network.
As illustrated in
The processing device 164 is operatively coupled to the communication device 162 and the memory device 166. The processing device 164 uses the communication device 162 to communicate with the network 102 and other devices on the network 102, such as, but not limited to, the merchant systems 110, issuing financial institution systems 140, acquiring financial institution systems 120, payment association network systems 130, and/or tokenization service systems 150. As such, the communication device 162 generally comprises a modem, server, or other device for communicating with other devices on the network 102, and a display, camera, keypad, mouse, keyboard, microphone, and/or speakers for communicating with one or more users 102. The user computer systems 160 may include, for example, a payment device 4, which may be a personal computer, a laptop, a mobile device (e.g., phone, smartphone, tablet, or personal display device (“PDA”), or the like) or other like devices whether or not the devices are mentioned within this specification. In some embodiments, the user computer systems 160, such as a payment device 4, or other devices, could include a data capture device that is operatively coupled to the communication device, processing device 164, and the memory device 166. The data capture device could include devices such as, but not limited to a location determining device, such as a radio frequency identification (“RFID”) device, a global positioning satellite (“GPS”) device, Wi-Fi triangulation device, or the like, which can be used by a user 2, institution, or the like to capture information from a user 2, such as but not limited to the location of the user 2.
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The acquiring financial institution systems 120 are operatively coupled to the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, payment association network systems 130, issuing financial institutions 140, or tokenization service systems 150 through the network 102. The acquiring financial institution systems 120 have devices that are the same as or similar to the devices described for the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, or the issuing financial institution systems 140 (e.g., communication device, processing device, memory device with computer-readable instructions, datastore, or the like). Thus, the acquiring financial institution systems 120 communicate with the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, payment association network systems 130, issuing financial institution systems 140, and/or the tokenization service systems 150, in the same or similar way as previously described with respect to these systems above. The acquiring financial institution systems 120, in some embodiments, receives the tokens and/or other customer information, along with the transactions information for a transaction, from the merchants 10 and distributes this information to the proper tokenization service 50, payment association networks 30, or directly the issuing financial institution 40.
The payment association network systems 130 are operatively coupled to the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, acquiring financial institution systems 120, issuing financial institutions 140, or tokenization service systems 150 through the network 102. The payment association network systems 130 have devices that are the same as or similar to the devices described for the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, or the issuing financial institution systems 140 (e.g., communication device, processing device, memory device with computer-readable instructions, datastore, or the like). Thus, the payment association network systems 130 communicate with the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, acquiring financial institution systems 120, issuing financial institution systems 140, and/or the tokenization service systems 150, in the same or similar way as previously described with respect to these systems above. The payment association networks systems 130, in some embodiments, receive the tokens and/or other customer information, along with the transactions information for a transaction, from the merchants 10 or the acquiring financial institution 20, and distribute this information to the proper issuing financial institution 40.
The tokenization service systems 150 are operatively coupled to the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, acquiring financial institution systems 120, or issuing financial institutions 140 through the network 102. The tokenization service systems 150 have devices the same or similar to the devices described for the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, or the issuing financial institution systems 140 (e.g., communication device, processing device, memory device with computer-readable instructions, datastore, or the like). Thus, the tokenization service systems 150 communicate with the user computer systems 160, merchant systems 110, acquiring financial institution systems 120, and/or issuing financial institution systems 140, in the same or similar way as previously described with respect to the these systems above. The tokenization service systems 150, in some embodiments, create, associate, and store the tokens, account numbers, and/or other customer information in order to shield the account numbers or other customer account information from the merchants 10, and other parties as described throughout this specification. In some embodiments as illustrated in
To supplement the present disclosure, this application further incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patent applications:
It is understood that the systems and devices described herein illustrate one embodiment of the invention. It is further understood that one or more of the systems, devices, or the like can be combined or separated in other embodiments and still function in the same or similar way as the embodiments described herein.
Any suitable computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be utilized. The computer usable or computer readable medium may be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires; a tangible medium such as a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other tangible optical or magnetic storage device.
Computer program code/computer-readable instructions for carrying out operations of embodiments of the present invention may be written in an object oriented, scripted or unscripted programming language such as Java, Pearl, Smalltalk, C++ or the like. However, the computer program code/computer-readable instructions for carrying out operations of the invention may also be written in conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages.
Embodiments of the present invention described above, with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods or apparatuses (the term “apparatus” including systems and computer program products), will be understood to include that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a particular machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create mechanisms for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions, which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. Alternatively, computer program implemented steps or acts may be combined with operator or human implemented steps or acts in order to carry out an embodiment of the invention.
While certain exemplary embodiments have been described and shown in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative of, and not restrictive on, the broad invention, and that this invention not be limited to the specific constructions and arrangements shown and described, since various other changes, combinations, omissions, modifications and substitutions, in addition to those set forth in the above paragraphs, are possible. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various adaptations, modifications, and combinations of the just described embodiments can be configured without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, it is to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced other than as specifically described herein.
