Patent Application
20200180113
The invention relates to a tool for machining an object, which tool has a multiplicity of fingers arranged in layers, wherein the fingers are spaced apart from one another within the layers.
During the machining of workpieces, burrs may arise. Said generally sharp edges may lead to injuries during the handling of a component and/or to an impairment of subsequent process steps (e.g. edge thinning during powder coating, inaccuracies of fit, etc.).
Within the scope of the deburring, the burrs on the component are removed. The removal of burrs frequently requires a two-stage approach. In the first step, the primary burr is removed, followed by the secondary burr. The second step is frequently required since the primary burr is not completely abraded, but rather is reshaped. In addition to the deburring, frequently what is referred to as edge rounding is additionally required in order to meet further quality requirements.
Deburring and rounding machines have caught on in the sphere of deburring and edge rounding 2D and sometimes also 3D workpieces. In machines of this type, use is generally made of a grinding belt unit or plate unit having grinding belts or grinding disks for removing the primary burr, and subsequently the secondary burr or the edge rounding is removed or produced by means of deburring and rounding tools. The edge rounding should be considered critical as the radius increases. The quadratic relationship between radius and chip volume imposes considerable demands on the tools which are used. A doubling of the edge radius leads to a quadrupling of the chip volume.
In order to achieve relatively large edge roundings with a given tool and workpiece, the machine has to be operated in such a manner that the rounding tools have as long an action duration as possible (low feed speed) and are advanced in an appropriately deep manner with respect to the workpiece edges. The long action duration and the deep advance lead in consequence to extended process times, increased tool wear and to an undesirable introduction of heat into the workpiece.
In addition, the low feed speed for the edge rounding is not in proportion to the removal of the primary burr. The removal of the primary burr can be carried out at feed speeds of between 1 to 10 m/min, for pronounced edge rounding feed speeds of between 0.2 to 0.5 m/min are carried out.
For the deburring and edge rounding of 2D and sometimes also 3D workpieces of metallic materials with varying workpiece contours, tools having abrasive materials consisting of a combination with a grinding cloth and grinding fleece are primarily used in the prior art. In most applications, the abrasive materials involve grinding means on a base as the main element. In order to be able to adapt the abrasive materials to the workpiece contours, said abrasive materials are partially used in a web-slotted design and are provided with soft intermediate layers or support layers (for example grinding fleeces, tampico fiber). The tools can be designed in the form of rolls, plates or blocks in accordance with the respective machining principle or machining unit.
Despite the various possibilities of configuring the tools (for example grinding fabric graining, grinding fleece density, etc.), the abrasion rates to date have not been satisfactory, and therefore the operation has to be carried out with low feed speeds and deep infeed. These process parameters are at the expense of the economic efficiency of deburring and rounding processes.
It is the object of the present invention to specify a tool for machining, preferably for deburring and/or edge rounding, an object, which tool permits higher feed speeds with the same edge rounding or a more pronounced edge rounding at the same feed speed. In addition, it is the object to specify a method for deburring and rounding edges of a workpiece within a process step.
The object is achieved by the tool for machining an object as claimed in claim 1, the method for removing secondary burrs as claimed in claim 31 and the method for deburring and rounding as claimed in claim 32. The dependent claims specify advantageous developments of the invention.
According to the invention, a tool for machining an object is specified. The tool has a multiplicity of finger layers which each extend in a layer area. Each of the finger layers has a plurality of fingers. Advantageously, each layer area has at least three, particularly preferably at least five fingers. A layer area can be considered to be that area which is spanned by the fingers of the finger layer, advantageously in an undeflected state of the fingers. The convex covering of the fingers in the layer area can advantageously be considered to be the spanned surface here. According to the invention, the finger layers are arranged one behind another in such a manner that the layer areas of adjacent finger layers overlap at least in regions. This can, but does not have to, mean that the fingers also overlap. This means that a projection of a finger layer in a direction perpendicular to the finger layer onto the adjacent finger layer overlaps with the adjacent finger layer. There is therefore a region here of the adjacent finger layer that is covered by the projection. The overlapping of the adjacent layers can be, but does not have to be, complete. For example, in the case of the tool block form also described below, there can be complete overlapping, whereas in the case of the plate-like and cylindrical tool geometries also described below, there is normally only a partial overlap. The layer areas are preferably plane. Advantageously, in the undeflected state of the fingers, the finger layers themselves do not mutually overlap.
According to the invention, each of the finger layers has a plurality of fingers. The latter are configured in such a manner that they are bendable from an undeflected state in a direction which stands on the layer area of the corresponding finger layer, i.e. which does not stand parallel to the layer area or in the layer area. For example, the direction in which the fingers are bendable can stand perpendicularly to the layer area of the corresponding finger layer. Preferably, the direction in which a finger is in each case bendable can stand perpendicularly on a longitudinal direction of the finger and/or perpendicularly on a surface of the finger in each position of the finger. The surface of the finger here is preferably its largest surface, i.e. the surface in which said finger extends flat. The undeflected state of a finger is that state in which the finger completely lies in the layer area of that finger layer which said finger is a finger of. The finger can be considered, for example, to be a bendable tongue.
According to the invention, the fingers are each of planar design and, in the undeflected state, extend in the layer area of that finger layer to which they belong. The fact that the fingers are of planar design means here that they are flat, i.e. that they have a greater extent, normally a very much greater extent, in the direction of the layer area of that finger layer to which they belong, than in a direction perpendicular to the layer area.
In the undeflected state, the fingers of the same finger layer preferably each extend parallel to one another. The fingers are advantageously of elongate design, which means that they have a significantly greater extent in a direction in their layer area than in the direction perpendicular thereto in the layer area and advantageously also than in the direction perpendicular thereto perpendicularly to the layer area. That direction in which the fingers have the greater extent in the layer area is referred to below as the longitudinal direction of the corresponding finger. In such a configuration, the longitudinal directions of the fingers of the same finger layer each lie parallel to one another in the undeflected state. Advantageously, the edges of the fingers of the same finger layer also run parallel to one another in the undeflected state. If, however, the fingers have edges which are not straight in the undeflected state, it also suffices if the longitudinal directions run parallel.
The extent of the fingers in the layer area perpendicular to the longitudinal direction will be referred to as the width of the fingers. The extent of the fingers in a direction perpendicular to the layer area will be referred to as the thickness. The length is preferably greater than the width and the width greater than the thickness of the fingers.
According to the invention, in the undeflected state, directly adjacent fingers of the same finger layer are at a distance greater than zero from one another. Said distance is preferably constant, i.e. in each case has the same value over the entire length of the fingers. The distance can be measured here, for example, from one edge of the one finger to the closest edge of the adjacent finger. The arrangement of the fingers within a finger layer can therefore be considered to be comb-shaped. The fingers are therefore preferably not produced from the finger layer by just a rectilinear section, but rather by the fact that a partial surface of that layer from which the finger layer is produced is removed between adjacent fingers.
A working direction can advantageously be defined in the tool. This is then that direction in which the tool is moved during use as intended. A movement as intended can be, for example, a movement over a rectilinear edge, said movement taking place in such a manner that the fingers brush over the rectilinear edge with their largest surface, wherein the rectilinear edge preferably lies parallel to said largest surface of the fingers as they brush thereover. The fingers are then preferably movable in a direction out of the layer area, with respect to which the working direction lies parallel or tangentially. The layer planes then advantageously extend in a non-disappearing angle or perpendicularly to the working direction.
By means of the spacing of adjacent fingers of the same layer, a high degree of flexibility of the fingers is brought about. By this means, it is possible to arrange the finger layers one behind another directly or at small distances without support material, such as, for example, a fleece having to be provided between the finger layers. A high density of fingers is thereby obtained, from which a high grinding power follows. By this means, higher feed speeds for the same edge rounding or a pronounced edge rounding at the same feed speed can be achieved.
The fingers of the same finger layer are advantageously elastically bendable independently from one another from the undeflected state. The fact that the fingers are bendable independently from one another from the deflected state means that the exerting of a force on precisely one of the fingers, said force bending said finger, does not lead to other fingers of the same layer being bent. The fact that the finger is bendable elastically from the undeflected state means that, when the force ceases, the finger substantially returns into the undeflected state. This results in a high capability of adaptation to any desired workpiece contours in the event of a high density of fingers.
It should be pointed out that the geometries described here of the tool, the fingers and the finger layers can mean an idealization in the sense that many of the materials used for the finger layers are plastically deformable to a certain extent in practice. As a result, the tool or the fingers can have or take on shapes differing to a certain extent from the geometries described here because of the production or because of the use of the tool. However, a person skilled in the art will undoubtedly be able to assign such differing shapes to the geometries described here, and therefore said differing shapes should be regarded as covered by the scope of protection.
The arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to realize the tool without support material between the finger layers. There is therefore preferably no material between the fingers of adjacent finger layers. In that region in which the fingers are bendable, there is preferably no material between fingers of adjacent finger layers.
The finger layers can advantageously be held by a carrying structure which is arranged at one end of the fingers. The finger layers can be, for example, adhesively bonded into said carrying structure.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the fingers of at least some of the finger layers can be arranged in such a manner that their projection onto a finger layer in each case adjacent to the finger layers falls into the distances between the fingers of the adjacent finger layer and/or next to the fingers of the adjacent finger layer. The projection can advantageously take place here in a direction standing at a non-disappearing angle or perpendicularly to the layer area of one of the corresponding finger layers, or can take place in that direction in which the fingers are bendable from their undeflected state. A projection in the working direction can also be possible. The projection and the finger layer onto which the projection is made advantageously do not overlap, i.e. the projection advantageously falls completely between the fingers of the respective adjacent layer. Such an arrangement can be used in order to increase the flexibility of the tool since the bending of the fingers is not obstructed by the adjacent finger layer. In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the fingers of all of the respectively adjacent finger layers can thereby be arranged offset with respect to one another.
It can be advantageous if the distance between adjacent fingers of the same layer is greater than a width of said fingers, i.e. the extent of the fingers in that direction in which said fingers are adjacent. If such finger layers are arranged as described above such that the fingers of adjacent finger layers are in each case offset in relation to one another, the effect is thereby achieved that, during the bending, the fingers engage at a distance from the fingers of the adjacent finger layer between said fingers without rubbing thereagainst.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the fingers of at least some of the finger layers can overlap with the fingers of the respectively adjacent finger layers. Said overlap can therefore exist in particular in the projection of the fingers of the respective finger layer in a direction perpendicular to the finger layer onto the adjacent finger layer. The overlap can be complete or partial for one or both fingers. The strength of the tool can thereby be increased. By means of a combination of this configuration with the above-described configuration of fingers arranged in an offset manner, the strength of the tool can be flexibly adjusted.
In the event that fingers of adjacent layers are arranged in an overlapping manner as described, it can be advantageous if a distance is provided between the adjacent layers, the fingers of which are arranged in an overlapping manner with respect to one another. For example, a spacer layer can in each case be arranged between the adjacent layers, the dimensions of which spacer layer advantageously coincide with the dimensions of the adjacent finger layers.
In the event of overlapping fingers as described above, the fingers of two, three, four or more directly adjacent finger layers in a projection in a direction perpendicular to one of said finger layers on a common plane can overlap. This means that the fingers of said two, three, four or more finger layers can lie one behind another in a direction perpendicular to the layer area of one of said layers.
The strength of the tool can also be adjusted via the distance of adjacent finger layers from one another. Advantageously, adjacent finger layers can directly border one another or can be spaced apart at a distance of one thickness or two, three or more thicknesses of finger layers from one another. The distance of two finger layers here is the distance of the layer areas of said finger layers from one another, as measured perpendicularly to the layer area. The distance here is preferably measured at that point of the finger layer to which the fingers are fastened. This is relevant in particular in the case of the cylindrical arrangement of the layers, which arrangement has yet to be described below, where the adjacent finger layers can enclose a non-disappearing angle with respect to one another. In the case of a plate-like arrangement, the described distance is preferably measured at the inner edge of the layers, i.e. at the center point of the edge facing the plate.
In the undeflected state, the finger layers are preferably plane, and therefore the layer areas of the finger layers are thus plane.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the finger layers can be positioned obliquely in relation to a direction in which the tool is moved passed the object to be machined. This means that the finger layers can preferably enclose an angle of greater than 0° and smaller than 180 with a line along which the finger layers are arranged one behind another. The layers here can preferably enclose an angle of greater than −45° and smaller than +45° with said line.
The fingers preferably each have at least one grinding and/or abrasive surface. Said grinding and/or abrasive surface is preferably a surface of the corresponding finger that is parallel to that surface in which the corresponding finger extends in a planar manner.
The fingers can preferably be designed as grinding means on a base. The grinding means here can be applied to a carrier and can form the grinding and/or abrasive surface therewith.
If the fingers are configured as grinding means on a base, the base can advantageously have cotton, polyester or polycotton or can be composed thereof. However, the finger layers can also themselves have a grinding and/or abrasive material or can be composed thereof. In this case, a grinding or abrasive material does not have to be applied to the fingers.
The grinding and/or abrasive material of the fingers can advantageously have grain sizes of greater than or equal to grain size 12, preferably greater than or equal to grain size 50, preferably greater than or equal to grain size 100, and/or smaller than or equal to grain size 320, preferably smaller than or equal to grain size 240, preferably smaller than or equal to grain size 150.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, adjacent finger layers of the finger layers can be configured in such a manner that said finger layers placed one above another completely fill a rectangular surface. This configuration can be produced particularly efficiently by the two adjacent finger layers being cut out of a rectangular layer by means of an intersecting line.
Advantageously, a length of the fingers can be greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 30 mm, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 40 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 150 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 120 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 90 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 70 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 60 mm, particularly preferably smaller than or equal to 50 mm. All of the fingers of the tool advantageously have the same length.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the individual fingers for their part can be slotted. Slots can be introduced here into the fingers, the slots passing through the fingers and extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fingers. A plurality of slots can also advantageously be arranged one behind another along a straight line, wherein the straight line can run parallel to the longitudinal axes of the fingers. Advantageously, in each case a plurality of parallel slots or a plurality of parallel rows of slots can be provided in the fingers.
The width of the fingers, i.e. an extent of the fingers in that direction in which the fingers of the same layer are arranged next to one another, can preferably be greater than or equal to 2 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 5 mm, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 7 mm, and/or less than or equal to 20 mm, preferably less than or equal to 15 mm, particularly preferably less than or equal to 10 mm.
A thickness of the finger layers or of the fingers without optionally applied grinding means can preferably be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 1 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 2 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 1 mm.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, all of the finger layers can be arranged one behind another parallel to one another, and therefore a surface spanned by the finger layers perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the fingers is rectangular. The entire tool preferably has a block shape here.
In said block-shaped configuration, the tool in that direction in which the fingers of the same layers are arranged next to one another can advantageously have an extent of greater than or equal to 50 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 70 mm and/or smaller than or equal to 100 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 80 mm. This extent will be referred to here as the width of the tool.
A depth or length of the tool, i.e. an extent of the tool in that direction in which the finger layers are arranged one behind another can preferably be greater than or equal to 50 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 60 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 80 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 70 mm.
In a further advantageous configuration of the invention which will be referred to here as the plate-like configuration, the finger layers can be arranged one behind another along a closed circular line, wherein the layer areas stand perpendicularly on the circular line, and wherein the fingers stand perpendicularly on the area of a circle described by the circular line, i.e. of that plane in which the circle runs. In this configuration, the finger layers can be arranged on a carrier in the shape of a circular ring, wherein the individual fingers stand perpendicularly on a circular ring surface of the carrier.
In the case of a plate-like configuration of the tool, it can be advantageous if, in addition to said finger layers, a multiplicity of further finger layers are provided which are arranged along the further closed circular line. The further closed circular line can run concentrically here with respect to the circular line of the aforementioned first finger arrangement and can have a greater or smaller radius than said first circular line. The further finger layers can therefore run within or outside the finger layers described first. The fingers of the further finger layers preferably have the same length as the fingers of the first finger layers and are arranged in such a manner that the ends of the further fingers run in the same planes as the ends of the fingers of the first finger layers. This configuration of the invention permits more uniform machining since the density of the fingers in the case of a plate-like arrangement decreases outward in the radial direction. If an inner radius of the arrangement of the first finger layers is selected to be larger, the further finger layers can be arranged in the interior of the arrangement of the first finger layers, with it being possible for the number of the further finger layers to be selected to be smaller than the number of the first finger layers. An excessive increase in the density of fingers inward in the radial direction can thereby be avoided. In a corresponding manner, the further finger layers could also be arranged with a greater number around the first finger layers, and therefore a decrease in the density of fingers outward can be avoided.
In the case of a plate-like arrangement, the tool can advantageously have a diameter in the plane of the circular line of greater than or equal to 50 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 80 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 100 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 115 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 125 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 150 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 1500 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 1000 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 400 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 250 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 200 mm.
In the case of a plate-like arrangement, the finger layers in a direction in which the fingers of the same layers are arranged next to one another can have a width of greater than or equal to 15 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 30 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 100 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 65 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 60 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 50 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 40 mm.
In an advantageous configuration, a multiplicity of the finger layers can be combined into in each case one block. Each block in that direction in which the finger layers are arranged one behind another can advantageously have a depth of greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 35 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 45 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 70 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 55 mm.
In a further advantageous configuration of the invention, the finger layers can be arranged one behind another along a closed circular line, wherein, in turn, the layer areas stand perpendicularly on the circular line, and wherein the fingers in their longitudinal direction extend radially with respect to an axis which runs through the center point of the circular line and stands perpendicularly on the circular surface enclosed by the circular line. This configuration of the tool will be referred to below as a cylindrical configuration. The tips of the fingers can lie here on a common cylinder surface. Similarly, the points of the fingers at which said fingers are fastened ca lie on a common cylinder surface. The finger layers normally stand here at an angle about said axis with respect to one another. The fingers can preferably be arranged here on a cylindrical carrier structure.
A diameter of the tool in the cylindrical configuration, as measured between tips of the fingers lying opposite the axis in a direction radially with respect to the circular line or axis can advantageously be greater than or equal to 50 mm, preferably greater than equal to 100 mm, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 200 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 400 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 300 mm.
A width of the tool, i.e. its extent in a direction perpendicular to the circular surface enclosed by the closed circular line or in the direction of the axis can preferably be greater than or equal to 20 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 100 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 500 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mm, and/or smaller than or equal to 2500 mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 2000 mm, particularly preferably smaller than or equal to 1700 mm.
A flexibility of the tool can be set or varied in different ways. Firstly, the flexibility can be influenced by the choice of the profiling of the finger layers or of the fingers. Furthermore, it is optionally possible to influence the capability of adaptation of the tool by the arrangement of the fingers as described. It is furthermore optionally possible, at a given rigidity of the fingers, to introduce distances, for example by spacer pieces, in the root region of the fingers, i.e. in the region neighboring the fastening of the fingers. By this means, the bendable length of the fingers can be changed and, as a result, so too can the rigidity of the fingers.
Furthermore, optionally laminated main finger layers can be used in order to influence the rigidity of the element.
In an advantageous configuration of the invention, the outermost fingers of each finger layer can be beveled in a manner dropping toward the edge of the finger layer. Advantageously, the fingers can become shorter toward the edge. The fingers can advantageously also become narrower toward the edge. A softer engagement is obtained by means of said configuration.
The tool according to the invention is advantageously a tool for deburring edges of a metallic workpiece and/or a tool for rounding edges of a metallic workpiece, i.e. a deburring or rounding tool.
According to the invention, in addition, a method for removing secondary burrs on one or more edges of a metallic workpiece and/or for rounding one or more edges of a metallic workpiece is indicated. A tool as described above is moved here over the edge to be machined such that the finger layers brush the edge. By means of the brushing of the edge by the finger layers, a secondary burr on the edge is removed and/or the edge is rounded.
The tool is preferably moved in a direction which stands perpendicularly to the edge to be machined. In addition, the tool is preferably moved in a direction which does not stand parallel to the finger layers in the undeflected state. The direction can preferably stand perpendicularly to the finger layers in the undeflected state.
According to the invention, in addition, a method for deburring and rounding one or more edges of a metallic workpiece is specified, wherein a tool, as has been described above, is moved over the edge in such a manner that the finger layers brush the edge, and therefore, by the brushing of the edge by means of the finger layers, a primary burr on the edge is removed and the edge is rounded. Here too, the tool is advantageously moved in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the edge to be machined. Advantageously, the tool is also moved here in a direction perpendicular to the layer areas in the undeflected state. The configuration of the tool according to the invention makes it possible both to remove a primary burr and to round off the edge. The removal of the primary burr and the rounding off can be brought about here in a common step.
By means of the invention, the abrasion power of the tool is substantially increased over tools of the same size according to the prior art. As a result, more pronounced edge roundings can be obtained within a shorter time and the economic efficiency of the manufacturing can be improved. Furthermore, the higher power capability leads to the possibility of integrating process steps which are carried out independently of one another in the prior art. For example, the process steps of removing the primary burr, of removing the secondary burr and of edge rounding can be combined by the high abrasion power of the invention into one process. Completely new machine configurations are thereby conceivable.
The invention will be explained below by way of example with reference to a number of figures. The same reference signs identify identical or corresponding features. The features shown in the examples can also be realized independently of the specific example and combined between different examples.
In the figures:
The finger layers 1a, 1b and 1c are arranged one behind another in such a manner that they overlap with the layer areas of adjacent finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c. In the cylindrical shape shown in
Each of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c has a plurality of fingers 2a, 2b and 2c. For the sake of clarity, only the fingers 2a, 2b and 2c will be expressly mentioned while the tool has a multiplicity of further fingers for which what is stated with regard to fingers 2a, 2b and 2c correspondingly applies. In
The fingers 2a, 2b and 2c are bendable from an undeflected state in a direction perpendicular to the layer area of the corresponding finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c. In
The fingers 2a, 2b, 2c are each of planar design and, in the undeflected state shown, extend in the layer area of the corresponding finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c. In the undeflected state, fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the same finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c each extend parallel to one another. The longitudinal directions of the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the same finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c therefore lie parallel to one another. In the undeflected state, respectively adjacent fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the same finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c are spaced apart from one another by a distance greater than zero.
In the cylindrical configuration of the tool according to the invention that is shown in
All of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c are arranged on a common carrier structure 3. The fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of all of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c are fastened at one end to the carrier structure 3. In the cylindrical configuration of the tool according to the invention according to
Each of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c has a plurality of fingers 2a, 2b, 2c. For the sake of clarity, only three of the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c are discussed while what is stated applies correspondingly for the other fingers which are shown.
The fingers 2a, 2b, 2c are bendable from an undeflected state in a direction perpendicular to the layer area of the corresponding finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c. The fingers are shown in the undeflected state in
In the plate-like configuration shown in
In turn, each of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c has a plurality of fingers 2a, 2b, 2c, of which likewise only three fingers 2a, 2b, 2c will be discussed while what is stated applies correspondingly for the other fingers which are shown. Since all of the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of all of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c in the example shown have the same length, the entire tool has a substantially cubic shape.
Also in the case of the block-shaped configuration of the invention, the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c are in each case of planar design and, in the undeflected state, extend in the corresponding layer area which here is plane. In turn, the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c are bendable from an undeflected state. The figure also shows the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c here in the undeflected state.
In the undeflected state, the fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the same finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c each extend parallel to one another. In the undeflected state, adjacent fingers 2a, 2b, 2c of the same finger layer 1a, 1b, 1c have a distance of greater than zero from one another.
In the configuration shown in
The further closed circular line along which the finger layers 1d, 1e, 1f are arranged is arranged concentrically with respect to said first circular line and has a smaller radius than the latter. The two circular lines run in the same plane. The inner arrangement of finger layers 1d, 1e, 1f has a smaller number of finger layers 1d, 1e, 1f, as a result of which the finger density in the region of the inner finger layers 1d, 1e, 1f is reduced in relation to a configuration in which the outer finger layers 1a, 1b, 1c would be continued into the region in which the inner finger layers 1d, 1e, 1f are arranged in
In
The fingers 2j to 2l of the finger layers 1d to 1f which adjoin the layers 1a to 1c in a projection in the direction perpendicular to the layer area of the finger layers 1a to 1c or 1d to 1f are arranged in the distances between the adjacent layer 1c. On the other hand, the fingers 2j to 2l of the layers 1d to 1f are arranged one behind another or in an overlapping manner, as described above the layers 1a to 1c. The fingers of the layers 1g to 1i are in turn arranged behind the fingers 2a to 2i of the layers 1a to 1c, i.e. in an overlapping manner therewith, as described above. They are therefore arranged in the distances between the fingers of the layers 1d to 1f or next to the fingers of said layers in the projection.
In all of the figures, all of the fingers each have the same width and the same distances from one another. This is optional but advantageous. While, in
The direction of movement of the tool during use stands perpendicularly to that direction along which the fingers of the same layer are arranged next to one another, i.e. to the right or left in the upper partial image. It can be seen in the sectional views that the layers 1a to 1e are inclined here in relation to the direction of movement by an angle not equal to 90°. Adjacent layers of the layers 1a to 1d are inclined here in opposite directions. In the example shown, the layers 1a, 1b and 1c are inclined to the right and the layers 1d and 1e to the left.
Partial
Partial
The tool according to the invention can now be used in a method for removing secondary burrs on an edge of a metallic workpiece, i.e. in step S2.
It can alternatively or additionally also be used in step S3 for rounding an edge of a metallic workpiece. The tool is moved here over the edge of the workpiece in such a manner that the finger layers brush the edge to be machined and thereby remove the secondary burr and/or round off the edge.
The tool according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in a method in which, in a common step, primary burrs are removed at edges of the tool and the edges are rounded. The workpiece can therefore be machined by means of the tool according to the invention from state Z1 into state Z4 in just one step. For this purpose, in turn, the tool is moved over the edge in such a manner that the finger layers brush the edge and thereby remove the primary burrs and round off the edge.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2016 220 766.0 | Oct 2016 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2017/076896 | 10/20/2017 | WO | 00 |
