The present invention is related to gas turbine engines, and in particular to a torque box and linkages for positioning variable guide vanes.
Gas turbine engines rely on rotating and stationary components to effectively and efficiently control the flow of air through the engine. Rotating components include rotor blades employed in compressor and turbine sections for compressing air and extracting energy from air after combustion. Stationary components include vanes placed in the airflow to aid in directing airflow. By varying the position of the vanes (i.e., rotating them to vary the profile provided to the airflow), airflow characteristics can be optimized for various operating conditions.
The mechanism for providing precise, controlled, and uniform actuation of the vanes is a linear actuator connected to the plurality of variable guide vanes via a series of linkages. The actuator is typically mounted to the exterior of the engine case, and communicates power to the series of linkages via a bell crank or similar mechanical device. Installation and alignment of the actuator relative to the bell crank and other linkages is critical to achieving a desired positioning of the variable guide vanes. However, factors such as thermal growth during various flight conditions and system mechanical errors can adversely affect the alignment of the actuator with the linkages including the bell crank. This misalignment results in errors between the desired position of variable guide vanes and the actual position of the variable guide vanes.
An assembly includes a torque box and a first bell crank. The torque box has a housing with an interior cavity. The first bell crank is pivotally supported from the housing and extends through the interior cavity. The first bell crank has three arms for transferring an actuating force to a plurality of variable guide vanes for positioning the guide vanes within a gas turbine engine.
A gas turbine engine includes an engine case, a compressor and/or turbine section with a first stage and a second stage of variable guide vanes, a torque box, a plurality of linkages, and a linear actuator. The first stage of variable guide vanes is circumferentially spaced radially inward of the engine case, and the second stage of variable guide vanes is circumferentially spaced radially inward of the engine case. The first stage is axially spaced from the second stage. The torque box is mounted to the engine case and the linear actuator is mounted to the torque box. The plurality of linkages extend through and pivot about the torque box. The linear actuator is coupled to the plurality of linkages and selectively positions the first stage and the second stage via the linkages.
The present application discloses an assembly that includes an actuator mounted to a torque box. The assembly communicates power and force to vanes via a series of linkages including a bell crank, which extends through a hollow interior cavity of the torque box. The assembly of the actuator, torque box, and linkages allows for precise alignment and positioning of vanes. The configuration of the assembly minimizes factors such as engine case thermal growth and system mechanical error that adversely affect the alignment of the actuator with the linkages, and thereby, reduces errors between the desired position of engine variable guide vanes and the actual position of the variable guide vanes.
In the embodiment shown in
The mechanical force used to change the position of VGVs 12a-12d is provided by actuator 20, and is communicated via assembly of linkages 24 to VGVs 12a-12d. Actuator 20 and torque box 22 are positioned radially outward of engine case 26. Torque box 22 is mechanically attached to engine case 26, while actuator 20 is mechanically coupled to torque box 22.
Actuator 20 is a linear actuator that provides mechanical force in the direction indicated by line 32. Actuator 20 is mechanically fixed to a first side of torque box 22. Actuator arm 30 is connected to dog-bone arm 34, which in turn is connected to first bell crank 36. In the embodiment shown in
Four-bar linkage 44 is connected to first bell crank 36 and extends to connect to second bell crank 48a. Additionally, second bell crank 48a is connected to sync rod 46 which is disposed adjacent four-bar linkage 44. Second bell crank 48a is supported by and pivotally connected to torque box 22 at pivot point 50a.
Together four-bar linkage 44 and sync rod 46 extend along a second opposing side of torque box 22 from actuator 20. In addition to connecting to second bell crank 48a, sync rod 46 connects to third bell crank 48b and fourth bell crank 48c. Similar to first and second bell cranks 36 and 48a, third and fourth bell cranks 48b and 48c are supported by and are pivotally connected to torque box 22 at pivot points 50b and 50c.
Mechanical force applied by actuator 20 in the direction indicated by line 32 results in first bell crank 36 pivoting about point 50. The action of first bell crank 36 applies mechanical force via third arm 42 to four-bar linkage 44 in a direction indicated by arrow 45, a direction opposite to the direction of first arm 38. Conversely, mechanical force applied by actuator 20 in a direction opposite of line 32 results in mechanical force being applied by third arm 42 to assembly of linkages 24 including four-bar linkage 44 and sync rod 46 in a direction opposite that indicated by arrow 45.
A plurality of unison rings (not shown) are positioned circumferentially around engine case 26, including at least one unison ring located forward of first bell crank 36. Unison ring is attached to actuator 20 via second arm 40 of bell crank 36 as well as a linkage (not shown). Each unison ring is associated with the VGVs 12a-12d, respectively, shown in
As shown in
Second arm 40 of first bell crank 36 connects to IGV link 58 forward of torque box 22. As shown in
Four-bar linkage 44 is connected to first bell crank 36 and extends to connect to second bell crank 48a. Additionally, second bell crank 48a is connected to sync rod 46 which is disposed adjacent four-bar linkage 44. Second bell crank 48a is supported by and pivotally connected to torque box 22 at pivot point 50a.
As shown in
Sync rod 46 extends from second bell crank 48a to connect to third bell crank 48b and fourth bell crank 48c. Similar to second bell crank 48a, third bell crank 48b and fourth bell crank 48c are supported by and pivotally connected to torque box 22 at pivot points 50b and 50c, respectively.
As shown in
The mechanical force applied by actuator 20 (
As shown in
Second arm 140 of first bell crank 136 connects to IGV link 158 (
As shown in
As shown in
Four-bar linkage 144 extends from sync rod 146 and third bell crank 148b to connect to fourth bell crank 148c. Similar to second bell crank 148a and third bell crank 148b, fourth bell crank 148c is supported by and pivotally connected to torque box 122 at pivot point 150c.
As shown in
Mechanical force applied by actuator (not shown) results in first bell crank 136 pivoting about pivot point 150. The action of first bell crank 136 applies mechanical force via third arm 142 to sync rod 146 and to IGV link 158 via second arm 140. Mechanical force from sync rod 146 pivots second bell crank 148a and third bell crank 148b, and force is transferred to VGV links 156a and 156b via third arms 172a and 172b. Similarly, mechanical force is transferred from sync rod 146 to four-bar linkage 144 and from four bar linkage 144 to fourth bell crank 148c. Force pivots fourth bell crank 148c and is transferred to VGV link 156c. In response to force applied via VGV links 156a-156c, unison rings 164a-164c translate generally circumferentially relative to engine case 26 (not shown) to move VGV vane arms 166a-166c and align VGVs 12a-12c (
Pin 176 is tapered with varying diameters and extends through sync rod 146, four-bar linkage 144, and second arm 170b of third bell crank 148b. Nut 178 fastens to pin 176 at its smallest diameter and holds tab washer 180 against an upper surface of sync rod 146. Bushing 182a is disposed between pin 176 and four bar linkage 144, and bushing 182b is disposed between pin 176 and second arm 170b of third bell crank 148b. End portions of four-bar linkage 144, third bell crank 148b, as well as pin 176 and bushings 182a and 182, extend into clevis and are received in clevis 184 of sync rod 146.
Together pin 176 and nut 178 act to couple sync rod 146, four-bar linkage 144, and third bell crank 148b together. Clevis 184 allows for coupling of sync rod 146, four-bar linkage 144, and third bell crank 148b with a single pin 176 connection. Thus, additional pin connections are eliminated from assembly 100 (
The present application discloses an assembly that includes an actuator mounted to a torque box. The assembly communicates power and force to vanes via a series of linkages including a bell crank, which extends through a hollow interior cavity of the torque box. The assembly of the actuator, torque box, and linkages allows for precise alignment and positioning of vanes. The configuration of the assembly minimizes factors such as engine case thermal growth and system mechanical error that adversely affect the alignment of the actuator with the linkages, and thereby, reduces errors between the desired position of engine variable guide vanes and the actual position of the variable guide vanes.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment(s), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment(s) disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include an actuator mounted to a first side of the torque box, the actuator connects to the first bell crank and provides the actuating force to the variable guide vanes via the first bell crank
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include a plurality of linkages disposed on a second side of the torque box.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include a four-bar linkage connected to the first bell crank and extending to connect to a second bell crank and a sync rod connected to at least one of the four-bar linkage or the second bell crank.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include at least three bell cranks including the second bell crank are connected to the sync rod, and each bell crank is pivotally disposed within the interior cavity of the torque box.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include at least one of the four-bar linkage or the sync rod includes a clevis allowing for a direct connection of the sync rod to the four-bar linkage and the first bell crank.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include a sync rod connected to the first bell crank and extending to connect to a plurality of bell cranks and a four-bar connected to at least one of the four-bar linkage or one of the plurality of bell cranks.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include the plurality of bell cranks comprises at least three bell cranks including the first bell crank, and each bell crank is pivotally disposed within the interior cavity of the torque box.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include at least one of the four-bar linkage or the sync rod includes a clevis allowing for a direct connection of the sync rod to the four-bar linkage and one of the plurality of bell cranks.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include the first bell crank transfers force to a stage of inlet guide vanes.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include each stage of variable guide vanes including the second stage rotates to an angle of rotation that differ from an angle of rotation of the first stage.
In a further embodiment of any of the foregoing embodiments, the assembly and/or gas turbine engine may additionally or alternatively include the actuator is mounted to a first side of the torque box, and the plurality of linkages are disposed on a second opposing side of the torque box to the actuator.