This relates to touch screens, and more particularly, to the stack-up of materials comprising the touch screens.
Many types of input devices are presently available for performing operations in a computing system, such as buttons or keys, mice, trackballs, touch panels, joysticks, touch screens and the like. Touch screens, in particular, are becoming increasingly popular because of their ease and versatility of operation as well as their declining price. Touch screens can include a touch panel, which can be a clear panel with a touch-sensitive surface. The touch panel can be positioned in front of a display screen so that the touch-sensitive surface covers the viewable area of the display screen. Touch screens can allow a user to make selections and move a cursor by simply touching the display screen via a finger or stylus. In general, the touch screen can recognize the touch and position of the touch on the display screen, and the computing system can interpret the touch and thereafter perform an action based on the touch event.
Touch panels can include an array of touch sensors capable of detecting touch events (the touching of fingers or other objects upon a touch-sensitive surface). Future panels may be able to detect multiple touches (the touching of fingers or other objects upon a touch-sensitive surface at distinct locations at about the same time) and near touches (fingers or other objects within the near-field detection capabilities of their touch sensors), and identify and track their locations. Examples of multi-touch panels are described in Applicant's co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 10/842,862 entitled “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed on May 6, 2004 and published as U.S. Published Application No. 2006/0097991 on May 11, 2006, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.
Various materials, adhesives, and processing steps are required to make a touch screen stackup that can be functional, cost-effective, and space-efficient.
This relates to a multi-touch sensor panel that can include a glass subassembly that can have a plurality of column traces of substantially transparent conductive material formed on the back side, the glass subassembly also acting in some embodiments as a cover that can be touched on the front side. Row traces of the same or different substantially transparent conductive material can then be located near the column traces, with a layer of dielectric material that can be coupled between the column traces and the row traces. The row and column traces can be oriented to cross over each other at crossover locations separated by the dielectric material, wherein the crossover locations can form mutual capacitance sensors for detecting one or more touches on the front side of the glass subassembly.
Alternative touch screen sensor panel embodiments can be fabricated with (1) rows and columns on the back side of a cover glass, (2) columns on the back side of a cover glass and rows on the bottom side of a separate polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, (3) columns and rows formed on opposite sides of a single substrate, (4) columns and rows formed on two separate PET films, and (5) columns on the back side of a cover glass and rows on the top side of a separate PET film.
In the following description of preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which it is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that in all of the figures and descriptions that follow, the listed materials, properties and dimensions (listed in units of millimeters unless otherwise noted) are merely exemplary in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Substantially transparent PET subassembly 106 can be bonded to glass subassembly 100 using pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) 108. One purpose of PET subassembly 106 can be to support a 0.188 continuous sheet of ITO (500 ohm max) that can be formed on the bottom of the PET film which can be used to shield the glass subassembly from LCD 110, and also to provide a low capacitive spacing between the shield layer of ITO and the rows and columns. Together, glass subassembly 100 through PET film subassembly 100, and any intervening layers, can form the touchscreen.
Flexible printed circuit (FPC) 104 can be bonded using anisotropic conductive film (ACF) (0.003 after bonding) to the back side of glass subassembly 100. Conductive tape 112 can be used to ground the ITO formed on the bottom of the PET subassembly 106. Substantially transparent PSA 114 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond PET film subassembly 106 to the LCD module, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 115 and liquid crystals 117. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 116 in housing 118. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 118, glass subassembly 100 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
FPC 204 can be bonded using ACF (0.003 after bonding) to the back side of glass subassembly 234. FPC 226 can be also bonded using ACF to the rows that can be formed on the bottom of PET subassembly 236. Substantially transparent PSA 214 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond PET film subassembly 236 to LCD module 210, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 215 and liquid crystals 217. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 216 in housing 218. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 218, glass subassembly 234 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
FPC 330 can be bonded using ACF (0.003 after bonding) to the rows on the back side of glass subassembly 338, and also another FPC (not shown in
FPC 404 can be bonded using ACF (0.003 after bonding) to the back side of glass subassembly 442. Conductive tape 412 can also be bonded using ACF to PET subassembly 406 to ground the continuous sheet of ITO. Substantially transparent PSA 414 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond PET film subassembly 406 to LCD module 410, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 415 and liquid crystals 417. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 416 in housing 418. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 418, glass subassembly 442 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
Chip on glass 446 can be connected to metal border traces, rows and column traces on glass subassembly 442. Chip on glass 446 can be supported in a hole or cutout on PET film subassembly 406, and can contain one or more components of a sensor panel subsystem, including one or more processors, drivers, analog channels, and the like. The polarizer may also have a hole or cutout to allow the presence of the chip on glass. Chip on glass 446 can enable only a very small flex connector to be attached to the touchscreen to communicate with the system processor, because now most of the circuitry can be contained on the touchscreen.
FPC 504 can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the back side of glass subassembly 534. FPC can also be bonded using ACF to the rows formed on the bottom of PET subassembly 536. Substantially transparent PSA 514 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond PET film subassembly 536 to LCD module 510, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 515 and liquid crystals 517. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 516 in housing 518. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 518, glass subassembly 534 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
FPC 604 can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the back side of glass subassembly 652. FPC 604 can also be bonded using ACF to the rows formed on the bottom of PET subassembly 636. Air gap 620 can be formed between PET film subassembly 636 and LCD module 610, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 615 and liquid crystals 617, and a ring of Poron 622 can be formed around the perimeter of the touchscreen.
FPC 730 and 704 can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the columns and rows on either side of glass subassembly 756. Substantially transparent PSA 714 of 0.100 thickness can be used to bond glass subassembly 756 to LCD module 710, which can include polarizer layer 715 and liquid crystals 717.
FPC 804 can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the back side of glass subassembly 862. FPC 826 can also be bonded using ACF to the rows that can be formed on the bottom of PET subassembly 868. Substantially transparent PSA 814 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond PET film subassembly 868 to LCD module 810, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 815 and liquid crystals 817. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 816 in housing 818. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 818, glass subassembly 862 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
FPC can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the columns and rows on either side of glass subassembly 976. Substantially transparent PSA 914 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond glass subassembly 976 to LCD module 910, which can include polarizer layer 915 and liquid crystals 917.
FPCs can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the back side of glass subassembly 1082 and the top side of glass subassembly 1084. Substantially transparent PSA 1014 of 0.125 thickness can be used to bond glass subassembly 1084 to LCD module 1010, which can include a 0.2 polarizer layer 1015 and liquid crystals 1017. The complete assembly can then be mounted into window 1016 in housing 1018. Note that when the complete assembly is mounted in housing 1018, glass subassembly 1082 can be either even with or slightly recessed (0.3 Z step) from the top of the window.
FPCs can be bonded using 0.125 thick (max) ACF to the columns and rows on either side of glass subassembly 1176. Substantially transparent PSA 1114 of 0.100 thickness can be used to bond glass subassembly 1176 to LCD module 1110, which can include polarizer layer 1115 and liquid crystals 1117.
Panel subsystem 1806 can include, but is not limited to, one or more analog channels 1808, channel scan logic 1810 and driver logic 1814. Channel scan logic 1810 can access RAM 1812, autonomously read data from the analog channels and provide control for the analog channels. This control can include multiplexing columns of multi-touch panel 1824 to analog channels 1808. In addition, channel scan logic 1810 can control the driver logic and stimulation signals being selectively applied to rows of multi-touch panel 1824. In some embodiments, panel subsystem 1806, panel processor 1802 and peripherals 1804 can be integrated into a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
Driver logic 1814 can provide multiple panel subsystem outputs 1816 and can present a proprietary interface that drives high voltage driver 1818. High voltage driver 1818 can provide level shifting from a low voltage level (e.g. complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) levels) to a higher voltage level, providing a better signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio for noise reduction purposes. Panel subsystem outputs 1816 can be sent to decoder 1820 and level shifter/driver 1838, which can selectively connect one or more high voltage driver outputs to one or more panel row inputs 1822 through a proprietary interface and enable the use of fewer high voltage driver circuits in the high voltage driver 1818. Each panel row input 1822 can drive one or more rows in a multi-touch panel 1824. In some embodiments, high voltage driver 1818 and decoder 1820 can be integrated into a single ASIC. However, in other embodiments high voltage driver 1818 and decoder 1820 can be integrated into driver logic 1814, and in still other embodiments high voltage driver 1818 and decoder 1820 can be eliminated entirely.
Computing system 1800 can also include host processor 1828 for receiving outputs from panel processor 1802 and performing actions based on the outputs that can include, but are not limited to, moving an object such as a cursor or pointer, scrolling or panning, adjusting control settings, opening a file or document, viewing a menu, making a selection, executing instructions, operating a peripheral device connected to the host device, answering a telephone call, placing a telephone call, terminating a telephone call, changing the volume or audio settings, storing information related to telephone communications such as addresses, frequently dialed numbers, received calls, missed calls, logging onto a computer or a computer network, permitting authorized individuals access to restricted areas of the computer or computer network, loading a user profile associated with a user's preferred arrangement of the computer desktop, permitting access to web content, launching a particular program, encrypting or decoding a message, and/or the like. Host processor 1828 can also perform additional functions that may not be related to panel processing, and can be coupled to program storage 1832 and display device 1840 such as an LCD for providing a user interface (UI) to a user of the device.
As mentioned above, multi-touch panel 1824 can in some embodiments include a capacitive sensing medium that can have a plurality of row traces or driving lines and a plurality of column traces or sensing lines separated by a dielectric. In some embodiments, the dielectric material can be transparent, such as PET or glass. The row and column traces can be formed from a transparent conductive medium such as ITO or antimony tin oxide (ATO), although other non-transparent materials such as copper can also be used. In some embodiments, the row and column traces can be perpendicular to each other, although in other embodiments other non-orthogonal orientations are possible. For example, in a polar coordinate system, the sensing lines can be concentric circles and the driving lines can be radially extending lines (or vice versa). It should be understood, therefore, that the terms “row” and “column,” “first dimension” and “second dimension,” or “first axis” and “second axis” as may be used herein are intended to encompass not only orthogonal grids, but the intersecting traces of other geometric configurations having first and second dimensions (e.g. the concentric and radial lines of a polar-coordinate arrangement).
At the “intersections” of the traces, where the traces can pass above and below each other (but do not make direct electrical contact with each other), the traces can essentially form two electrodes. Each intersection of row and column traces can represent a capacitive sensing node and can be viewed as picture element (pixel) 1826, which can be particularly useful when multi-touch panel 1824 is viewed as capturing an “image” of touch. (In other words, after panel subsystem 1806 has determined whether a touch event has been detected at each touch sensor in multi-touch panel 1824, the pattern of touch sensors in the multi-touch panel at which a touch event occurred can be viewed as an “image” of touch (e.g. a pattern of fingers touching the panel).) When the two electrodes are at different potentials, each pixel can have an inherent self or mutual capacitance formed between the row and column electrodes of the pixel. If an AC signal is applied to one of the electrodes, such as by exciting the row electrode with an AC voltage at a particular frequency, an electric field and an AC or signal capacitance can be formed between the electrodes, referred to as Csig. The presence of a finger or other object near or on multi-touch panel 1824 can be detected by measuring changes to Csig. The columns of multi-touch panel 1824 can drive one or more analog channels 1808 in panel subsystem 1806. In some embodiments, each column can be coupled to one dedicated analog channel 1808. However, in other embodiments, the columns can be couplable via an analog switch to a fewer number of analog channels 1808.
The touchscreen stackups described above can be advantageously used in the system of
Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/818,395, filed Jun. 13, 2007, published on Jul. 10, 2008 as U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008-0165158; which claims priority to U.S. Patent Provisional Application No. 60/878,783, filed Jan. 5, 2007, now expired; the disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety for all intended purposes.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20170010750 A1 | Jan 2017 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60878783 | Jan 2007 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11818395 | Jun 2007 | US |
Child | 15275254 | US |