Toy incorporating RFID tag

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10307683
  • Patent Number
    10,307,683
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, February 28, 2018
    6 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, June 4, 2019
    5 years ago
Abstract
A playmate toy or similar children's toy is provided having associated wireless, batteryless ID tag that can be read from and/or written to using a radio-frequency communication protocol. The tag is mounted internally within a cavity of the toy and thereby provides wireless communication of stored information without requiring removal and reinsertion of the tag. In this manner, a stuffed animal or other toy can be quickly and easily identified non-invasively, without damaging the toy. Additional information (e.g., unique personality traits, special powers, skill levels, etc.) can also be stored on the ID tag, thus providing further personality enhancement, input/output programming, simulated intelligence and/or interactive gaming possibilities.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention

This invention relates in general to children's toys primarily of the stuffed-animal, doll or action figure variety, and, in particular, to a children's toy having an RFID tag or other wireless, batteryless communication/identification device associated therewith.


Description of the Related Art

Children's toys in the form of traditional dolls, puppets, stuffed animals and the like have been around for centuries and are an enduring favorite among children—particularly among toddler-age children. A favorite doll, stuffed animal or other similar toy can provide a much-needed imaginary friend, pet or playmate for a child who occasionally gets lonely or bored. Such “playmate” toys can also help a child to express himself or herself and to learn basic social skills that foster personality development and overall social adjustment.


Most traditional playmate toys are simple stuffed animals, puppets or molded plastic dolls and the like. Most are mass produced and distributed nationally and/or internationally via a vast network of stores, wholesalers, retailers and other distributors. Many of these toys embody, represent or are otherwise associated with a particular licensed television character or personality, such as the Sesame Street™ puppets, Barney and Friends™, or the various Disney™ characters. Thus, the familiarity and likeability of the licensed character creates demand for the licensed toy. Others are simple generic forms representing people, animals, cars, robots, friendly monsters, and/or other imaginative creations.


Some playmate toys are personalized via individual names, birth certificates, etc. For example, the once-popular Cabbage Patch Kids™ came complete with individualized facial and hair features, name and official birth certificate. Another popular toy vendor, Build 'a Bear™, takes the concept of personalization even further by allowing and encouraging children to actually pick out, stuff, dress and name their favorite stuffed-animal playmate toy. In many cases, the vendor/retailer continues to provide periodic birthday reminder cards, custom wardrobe selections, notices of special events and the like even after the toy is purchased. All of these individualized “personality” touches can make an otherwise-inanimate playmate toy seem more real and fun for a child and helps foster that certain special relationship and bond that often develops between a child and his or her favorite playmate toy.


Another recent improvement involves uniquely identifying a stuffed animal toy with a bar-code tag that is inserted into the stuffing of the toy and which can be “surgically” extracted and read using conventional bar-code technology. The internal bar code tag is useful in helping identify lost or stolen stuffed animals and to return them to their rightful owners. However, use of an internal bar code tag in this manner is inconvenient and can potentially damage the stuffed animal during surgical extraction and replacement. On the other hand, placing the bar code tag on an accessible exterior portion of the stuffed animal could impair the aesthetics and functionality of the toy, possibly posing choking hazards and/or increasing the risk that the tag becomes separated from the stuffed animal.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention expands and improves upon the concept of a playmate toy or other similar children's toy by associating with the toy a unique wireless, batteryless ID tag (“tag” or “token”) that can be read from and/or written to using radio-frequency waves. Because radio waves can easily penetrate solid objects, such as the outer skin of a toy and/or the like, the tag can be mounted internally within a cavity of the toy and thereby provide communication of stored information without requiring surgical removal of the tag. Thus, a stuffed animal or other toy can be quickly and easily identified non-invasively, without damaging the toy. Additional information (e.g., unique personality traits, special powers, skill levels, etc.) can also be easily stored on the tag, thus providing further personality enhancement, input/output programming, simulated intelligence and/or interactive gaming possibilities.


In accordance with one embodiment, the present invention provides a children's toy comprising a doll, puppet or stuffed animal containing therein a wireless tag/transponder configured and adapted to facilitate non-invasive electronic storage and retrieval of desired information.


In accordance with another embodiment the present invention provides an interactive play system and seemingly magical toy for enabling a trained user to electronically send and receive information to and from other toys and/or to and from various reader devices distributed throughout a play facility and/or connected to a master control system. The toy or other seemingly magical object is configured to use a send/receive radio frequency communication protocol which provides a basic foundation for a complex, interactive entertainment system to create a seemingly magic interactive play experience for play participants who possess and learn to use the magical toy.


In accordance with another embodiment the present invention provides an interactive play structure in the theme of a “magic” training center. Within the play structure, play participants train a magical bear and/or learn to use a “magic wand” and/or other tracking/actuation device. The bear or wand allows play participants to electronically and “magically” interact with their surrounding play environment simply by placing the bear or wand in a particular location to produce desired effects within the play environment. Various receivers or transceivers are distributed throughout the play structure to facilitate such interaction via wireless communications.


For purposes of summarizing the invention and the advantages achieved over the prior art, certain objects and advantages of the invention have been described herein above. Of course, it is to be understood that not necessarily all such objects or advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of the invention. Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other objects or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.


All of these embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention herein disclosed. These and other embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments having reference to the attached figures, the invention not being limited to any particular preferred embodiment(s) disclosed.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Having thus summarized the general nature of the invention and its essential features and advantages, certain preferred embodiments and modifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description herein having reference to the figures that follow, of which:



FIG. 1 is a partially-exploded schematic view of a children's toy in the form of a stuffed-animal having an RFID tag device associated therewith in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention;



FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a children's toy in the form of a magical wand having an RFID tag device associated therewith in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention;



FIG. 2B is a partially exploded detail view of the proximal end or handle portion of the wand toy of FIG. 2A, illustrating the optional provision of combination wheels having features and advantages in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 2C is a partial cross-section detail view of the distal end or transmitting portion of the wand toy of FIG. 2A, illustrating the provision of an RFID tag device therein;



FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic view of one embodiment of an RFID tag device for use with the toy of FIG. 1 and having features and advantages in accordance with the present invention;



FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams illustrating typical operation of the RFID tag device of FIG. 3;



FIG. 5 is simplified schematic diagram of an RFID read/write system for use with the RFID tag device of FIG. 3 and having features and advantages in accordance with the present invention;



FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the basic organization and function of the electronic circuitry comprising the RFID tag device of FIG. 3;



FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic diagram of an RF reader and master control system for use with the RFID-tagged toys of FIGS. 1 and 2 and having features and advantages in accordance with the present invention; and



FIGS. 8-23 are various illustrations of a resort-based “magic bear” training facility having features and advantages of the present invention.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In describing the various preferred embodiments in reference to the appended figures, similar reference numerals may sometimes be used to indicate similar structures or features of the invention. However, it is to be understood that such indicated structures or features may or may not be identical in the various described embodiments of the invention.


RFID-Tagged Toy



FIG. 1 is a partially-exploded schematic view of a children's toy 100 having an RFID tag device 110 associated therewith in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment the toy comprises a simple stuffed “teddy bear.” Of course those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the invention is equally applicable to many other types of toys, such as, for example and without limitation: stuffed animals, dolls, puppets, action figures, robots, battery operated toys, trinkets, amusement items, jewelry, board games and board game tokens, masks, costumes, magic wands/hats/bags and the like, interactive children's books, balls, pillows, bean bags, and many other similar toys capable of carrying and/or receiving an RFID tag as described herein. Other than as described herein, the bear 100 is fabricated and constructed in any conventional fashion using known and existing materials, fabrics, stuffing and the other materials, as desired.


At least one electronic tag device—preferably a read/write, wireless, batteryless, RFID tag device 110—is inserted inside the body 126 of the bear 100, as illustrated, to create a “magic bear” toy having features and advantages of the present invention. Preferably, insertion of the tag is accomplished during manufacture of the bear at the factory or within a retail facility, in the case of a make-your-own-bear. Alternatively, the tag may be inserted into an existing stuffed-animal or other toy by surgical insertion, partial disassembly or other expedients readily apparent to those skilled in the art.


If desired, the tag may be enveloped, contained or otherwise embodied in a small heart-shaped trinket, case or other similar-shaped item as may be appropriate and fun for kids. Preferably, the tag 110 is permanently installed and contained within the body 126 of the bear such that it cannot be easily removed or become dislodged. Placement of the tag within the body 126 is preferably such that it does not interfere with or diminish the softness of the bear or expose sharp/hard surfaces that may poke or puncture the skin of the bear 100. The head and belly are preferred tag locations. Alternatively, multiple tags 110 may be inserted and placed with the body of the bear 100 at one or more different locations (e.g., hands, feet, head, belly, etc.) as desired in order to provide redundant and/or multi-functioning tag devices. Various auxiliary devices, special effects and the like may also be provided to complement the overall theme and functionality of the toy 100. For example, the bear 100 may include an LED indicator on its nose (see FIG. 10) which glows whenever the bear becomes “magically empowered” (i.e., when its tag is read and/or the bear comes within proximity of an associated reader).


The particular tag device 110 illustrated is intended to be inserted inside a children's toy 100. Alternatively and/or in addition, one or more RFID tag devices may be affixed or adhered to the toy bear 100 upon any convenient surface thereof, or it may be inserted into one or more associated articles of clothing, accessories, jewelry or other items designed to be worn/used either by the playmate toy or a child. For example, a “magic” hat 128, or wand 138 may be donned by the bear 100 for purposes of special “magic training” sessions.



FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail the basic construction of a preferred embodiment of one such “magic” wand 300 having features and advantages in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention. As illustrated in FIG. 2A the wand 300 basically comprises an elongated hollow pipe or tube 310 having a proximal end or handle portion 315 and a distal end or transmitting portion 320. If desired, an internal cavity may be provided to receive one or more batteries to power optional lighting, laser or sound effects and/or to power longer-range transmissions such as via an infrared LED transmitter device or RF transmitter device. An optional button 325 may also be provided, if desired, to enable particular desired functions, such as sound or lighting effects or longer-range transmissions.



FIG. 2B is a partially exploded detail view of the proximal end 315 of the magic wand toy 300 of FIG. 2A. As illustrated, the handle portion 315 is fitted with optional combination wheels having various symbols and/or images thereon. Preferably, certain wand functions may require that these wheels be rotated to produce a predetermined pattern of symbols such as three owls, or an owl, a broom and a moon symbol. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the combination wheels may be configured to actuate electrical contacts and/or other circuitry within the wand 300 in order to provide the desired functionality. Alternatively, the combinations wheels may provide a simple security measure to prevent unauthorized users from actuating the wand.


RFID Tag/Transponder



FIG. 2C is a partial cross-section detail view of the distal end of magic wand toy 300 of FIG. 2A. As illustrated, the distal end 320 is fitted with an RFID (radio frequency identification device) transponder 335 that is operable to provide relatively short-range RF communications (<60 cm). This transponder basically comprises a passive (non-battery-operated) RF transmitter/receiver chip 340 and an antenna 345 provided within an hermetically sealed vial. A protective silicon sheathing 355 is preferably inserted around the sealed vial between the vial and the inner wall of the tube 310 to insulate the transponder from shock and vibration.


At its most basic level, RFID provides a wireless link to uniquely identify objects or people. It is sometimes called dedicated short range communication (DSRC). RFID systems include electronic devices called transponders or tags, and reader electronics to communicate with the tags. These systems communicate via radio signals that carry data either unidirectionally (read only) or, more preferably, bi-directionally (read/write). One suitable RFID transponder is the 134.2 kHz/123.2 kHz, 23 mm Glass Transponder available from Texas Instruments, Inc. (http://www.tiris.com, Product No. RI-TRP-WRHP).



FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic view of an alternative embodiment of an RFID tag device 110 for use with the toy bear of FIG. 1. The tag 110 in the preferred embodiment illustrated preferably comprises a radio frequency tag pre-programmed with a unique bear identifier number (“UBIN”). Other stored information (either pre-programmed or programmed later) may include, for example, the bear's name, its owner's name and age, the bear's rank or level, total points accumulated, tasks completed, facilities visited, etc. The tag 110 generally comprises a spiral wound antenna 150, a radio frequency transmitter chip 160 and various electrical leads and terminals 170 connecting the chip 160 to the antenna 150.


The tag may be a passive tag 110 or battery-powered, as expedience and costs dictate. Preferably, the tag 110 is passive (requires no batteries) so that it is inexpensive to purchase and maintain. Such tags and various associated readers and other accessories are commercially available in a wide variety of configurations, sizes and read ranges. RFID tags having a read range of between about 10 cm to about 100 cm are particularly preferred, although shorter or longer read ranges may also be acceptable. The particular tag 110 illustrated is the 13.56 mHz tag sold under the brand name Taggit™ available from Texas Instruments, Inc. (http://www.tiris.com, Product No. RI-103-110A). The tag 110 has a useful read/write range of about 25 cm and contains 256-bits of on-board memory arranged in 8×32-bit blocks which may be programmed (written) and read by a suitably configured read/write device. If a longer read/write range (e.g., 1-100 meters) and/or more memory (e.g., 1-100 Mb) is desired, optional battery-powered tags may be used instead, such as the AXCESS active RFID network system available from AXCESS, Inc. and/or various other RF-based asset and people tracking applications known to those skilled in the art.



FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the basic organization and function of the electronic circuitry comprising the radio frequency transmitter chip 160 of the RFID tag device 110 of FIG. 3. The chip 160 basically comprises a central processor 230, Analogue Circuitry 235, Digital Circuitry 240 and on-board memory 245. On-board memory 245 is divided into read-only memory (ROM) 250, random access memory (RAM) 255 and non-volatile programmable memory 260, which is available for data storage. The ROM-based memory 250 is used to accommodate security data and the tag operating system instructions which, in conjunction with the processor 230 and processing logic deals with the internal “house-keeping” functions such as response delay timing, data flow control and power supply switching. The RAM-based memory 255 facilitates temporary data storage during transponder interrogation and response. The non-volatile programmable memory 260 may take various forms, electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) being typical. It is used to store the transponder data and is preferably non-volatile to ensure that the data is retained when the device is in its quiescent or power-saving “sleep” state.


Various data buffers or further memory components (not shown), may be provided to temporarily hold incoming data following demodulation and outgoing data for modulation and interface with the transponder antenna 150. Analog Circuitry 135 provides the facility to direct and accommodate the interrogation field energy for powering purposes in passive transponders and triggering of the transponder response. Analog Circuitry also provides the facility to accept the programming or “write” data modulated signal and to perform the necessary demodulation and data transfer processes. Digital Circuitry 240 provides certain control logic, security logic and internal microprocessor logic required to operate central processor 230.


Advantageously, the UBIN stored on each tag 110 may be used to wirelessly identify and track individual bears 100 within a retail facility, park, hotel/resort/restaurant and/or anywhere else around the world. Optionally, each tag 110 may also include a unique kid identifier number (“UKIN”) which may be used to match one or more bears with an individual kid-owner. If desired, the tag 110 may be covered with an adhesive paper label (not shown) for surface adhesion to a toy, clothes, or any other tag bearing surface. More preferably, the tag 110 may be molded and/or embedded into a relatively stiff plastic sheet substrate and/or transponder cylinder which holds and supports the tag 110. Optionally, the sheet substrate, transponder or other support structure may be shaped as a heart, a medallion, a high-tech gizmo or any other fanciful shape, as desired. The resulting structures may be inserted into the bear 100 (e.g., a heart), or they may be worn externally by either the bear 100 and/or its kid-owner (e.g., as a bracelet, necklace, key chain trinket, etc.).


Reader/Writer Devices


In operation, various RFID reader (and/or reader/writer) devices are provided and may be distributed throughout a hotel/resort, retail facility, play facility, theme park, family entertainment center or any other “magic bear” compatible environment. These readers are able to read the information stored on each tag 110 when the associated bear 100 is brought into suitable proximity of the reader (1 to 100 cm). Advantageously, because radio waves can easily penetrate solid objects, such as the outer skin of a toy and/or the like, the tag 110 can be mounted internally within a cavity of the toy, thereby providing communication of stored information without requiring surgical extraction of the tag. Thus, the UBIN and UKIN information can be conveniently read non-invasively, without damaging the toy. This information may be easily communicated to a cash-register display, computer monitor, interactive game control system, display system or other tracking, recording or displaying device for purposes of identifying, logging and creating a record of each bear's experience. Additional information (e.g., unique personality traits, special powers, skill levels, etc.) can also be easily stored on the tag, thus providing further personality enhancement, input/output programming, simulated intelligence and/or interactive gaming possibilities.


Information may also be conveniently used to identify a bear's name, birthday, and owner, calculating point totals from various gaming experiences, tracking and/or locating lost bears/children, verifying whether or not a bear/child is inside a facility, photo capture and retrieval, and/or many other useful purposes as will be readily obvious and apparent to those skilled in the art. Optionally, various updated information may be written to the tag 110, such as new point totals, rank, enhanced “magic” powers and skills.



FIGS. 4A, 4B and 5 are simplified schematic illustrations of tag and reader operation. The tag 110 is initially activated by a radio frequency signal broadcast by an antenna 210 of an adjacent reader or activation device 200. The signal impresses a voltage upon the antenna 150 by inductive coupling which is then used to power the chip 160 (see, e.g., FIG. 3). When activated, the chip 160 transmits via radio frequency a unique identification number preferably corresponding to the UBIN and/or UKIN described above (see, e.g., FIG. 3 and associated discussion). The signal may be transmitted either by inductive coupling or, more preferably, by propagation coupling over a distance “d” determined by the range of the tag/reader combination. This signal is then received and processed by the associated reader 200 as described above. If desired, the RFID tag or transponder 110 may also be configured for read/write communications with an associated reader/writer. Thus, the unique tag identifier number (UBIN or UKIN) and any other stored information can be read, changed or other information may be added.


As indicated above, communication of data between a tag and a reader is by wireless communication. As a result, transmitting such data is possibly subject to the vagaries and influences of the media or channels through which the data has to pass, including the air interface. Noise, interference and distortion are potential sources of data corruption that may arise. Thus, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a certain degree of care should be taken in the placement and orientation of the various readers 200 so as to minimize the probability of such data transmission errors. Preferably, the readers are placed at least 30-60 cm away from any metal objects, power lines or other potential interference sources. Those skilled in the art will also recognize that the write range of the tag/reader combination is typically somewhat less (˜10-15% less) than the read range “d” and, thus, this should also be taken into account in determining optimal placement and positioning of each reader device 200.


Typical RFID data communication is asynchronous or unsynchronized in nature and, thus, particular attention should be given in considering the form in which the data is to be communicated. Structuring the bit stream to accommodate these needs, such as via a channel encoding scheme, is preferred in order to provide reliable system performance. Various suitable channel encoding schemes, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and spread spectrum modulation (SSM), are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further discussed herein. The choice of carrier wave frequency is also important in determining data transfer rates. Generally speaking the higher the frequency the higher the data transfer or throughput rates that can be achieved. This is intimately linked to bandwidth or range available within the frequency spectrum for the communication process. Preferably, the channel bandwidth is selected to be at least twice the bit rate required for the particular application.


Master Control System


Depending upon the degree of complexity desired and the amount of information sharing required, some or all of the various reader/writer devices 200 may be connected to a master control system or central server 275 as illustrated in FIG. 7. For example, various electronic interactive play elements may be disposed throughout a play facility and which allow play participants to create desired “magical” effects. These may include interactive elements such as projectile accelerators, cannons, interactive targets, fountains, geysers, cranes, filter relays, and the like for amusing and entertaining play participants and/or for producing various desired visual, aural or tactile effects. These may be actuated manually by play participants or, more desirably, “magically” electronically by appropriately “training” one's bear in various magic skills. Some interactive play elements may have simple immediate effects, while others may have complex and/or delayed effects. Some play elements may produce local effects while others may produce remote effects. Each play participant within the facility, or sometimes a group of play participants working together, preferably must experiment with the various play elements and using their magic bears in order to discover how to create the desired effect(s). Once one play participant figures it out, he or she can use the resulting play effect to surprise and entertain other play participants. Yet other play participants will observe the activity and will attempt to also figure it out in order to turn the tables on the next group. Repeated play on a particular play element can increase the bear's magic skills to repeatedly produce a desired effect or increase the size or range of such effects. Optionally, play participants can have their bears compete with one another using the various interactive play elements to see which player's bear can create bigger, longer, more accurate or more spectacular magical effects.


In the case of an interactive play facility with a master control system preferably each RFID tag 110 is configured to electronically send and receive information to and from each reader/writer 200 distributed throughout the play facility using a send receive radio frequency (“SRRF”) communication protocol. This communications protocol provides the basic foundation for a complex, interactive entertainment system which creates a seemingly magic interactive play experience for participants whose bears learn to use the seemingly “magical” powers they are imbued with via the RFID tag technology.


In the most refined embodiments, a participant may use his or her “magic bear” or other similar toy to electronically send and receive information to and from other bears/toys and/or to and from a master control system located within and/or associated with any of a number of play environments. This network of SRRF-compatible play environments provides a complex, interactive play and entertainment system that creates a seamless magical interactive experience that transcends conventional physical and temporal boundaries.


SRRF may generally be described as an RF-based communications technology and protocol that allows pertinent information and messages to be sent and received to and from two or more SRRF compatible devices or systems. While the specific embodiments described herein are specific to RF-based communication systems, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the broader interactive play concepts taught herein may be realized using any number of commercially available 2-way and/or 1-way medium range wireless communication devices and communication protocols such as, without limitation, infrared-, digital-, analog, AM/FM-, laser-, visual-, audio-, and/or ultrasonic-based systems, as desired or expedient.


In a preferred embodiment, a play facility is configured with SRRF technology to provide a master control system 275 for an interactive entertainment play environment using SRRF-compatible magic bears, magic wands and/or other SRRF compatible toys. A typical play facility provided with SRRF technology may allow 300-400 or more users to more-or-less simultaneously send and receive electronic transmissions to and from the master control system using the bear, a magic wand and/or other SRRF-compatible toys.


The SRRF system preferably uses a software program and data-base that can track the locations and activities of up to a hundred or more participants. This information is then used to adjust the play/ride experience for the user based on “knowing” where the user/player has been, what objectives that player (or group of players in a ride vehicle) has accomplished and how many points or levels have been reached. The system can then send messages to the users throughout the ride experience. For example, the system can allow or deny access to a secret passage based on how many points or levels reached by that participant's bear and/or based on what objectives the bear has accomplished or helped accomplish. It can also indicate, via sending a message to the user the amount of points or specific objectives necessary to complete a “mission” or enter the next level of play. The master control system may log events into a data base for later retrieval and use in applications, such as:

    • Identifying a guest with a name, address and personal data (birthday, favorite color, bear's name, etc.)
    • Locating the bear and child
    • Triggering an event or special effect
    • Allowing passage into a secret or magical place
    • Recording activities completed, giving points for those achievements which then can be used for future redemption
    • Storing information to create a storybook of each child's adventures
    • Using bear/tag as a debit charge to purchase snacks, gift items, etc.


The master control system can also preferably send messages to the user from other users. Optionally, the system may be suitably configured to allow multiple users to interact with each other adjusting the master control system. The master system can also preferably interface with digital imaging and/or video capture so that the users can be visually tracked. Any user can locate another user either through the video capturing system or by sending a message to another device. At the end of a visit, participants are informed of their activities and the system interfaces with photo-printout capabilities. For example, as each participant enters a specific “game zone” within the facility, a reader reads data stored on the tag 110 embedded with the participant's bear or other SRRF-compatible toy. This information is communicated to the master system which logs/tracks the guest's progress through the facility while interfacing with other interactive systems within the venue. For example, upon receipt of an activation message received from a first game zone, the master system may trigger a digital camera focused on that area, thus capturing a digital image of the player and/or his or her bear. This photo image is electronically time-stamped and stored with identifying UBIN and UKIN for later retrieval. In this manner the SRRF technology allows the master control system to uniquely identify and track bears and people as they interact with various games and activities in a semi-controlled play environment.


Theming/Storyline


The present invention may be carried out using a wide variety of suitable themed environments, storylines and characters, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The following specific example is provided for purposes of illustration and for better understanding of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention in any way:


Example

In a special spot of the world exists an incredible place made of magic. In the most amazing and enchanting forest lives an amazing wizard who has spent his life making cuddly critters who possess unusual abilities. These critters look like ordinary teddy bears or stuffed animals; cute and cuddly ready to become a child's best friend. But behind the fluff and stuffing this one-of-kind bear is Magical. Each and every bear was carefully created by this Wizard, has made thousands of unique stuffed creatures with the gift to become magical. However, these creations do not start off with magic powers. Only when the bear and its human mate are brought together the magic is sparked. But even then the bear is not yet able to use all of its magic powers until it is properly taught. It is the responsibility of the human to take the bear on a magic journey through the Enchanted Forest where the magic teachings begin. Then, for days to follow the bear is able to practice its magic powers in all sort of “normal” places. When the training and practice is complete, the bear is given its magic inductions and diploma (a hat, wand, etc., as appropriate) and is able to practice level-one magic. The magic bear's owner can then choose from a big selection of special clothing, accessories and other magical items to customize their new friend. New and improved magic skills can be learned by the magic bear and its human mate on its next journey to the enchanted forest.


The “MagicMate” is a specially designed stuffed animal that has “smart” ability (RFID tag/transponder), which makes it possible to be tracked and trigger effects throughout a special bear training facility (e.g., retail store, hotel/resort, family entertainment center, etc.). The facility can track and send signals to the bear from the time it is purchased and continuing even after the bear leaves the training facility. To the child/owner the bear is truly magical; making effects happen whenever the bear comes into contact with a magic-bear compatible device. In addition, the bear seems to be magically watched by the Wizard who seems to always know where the bear is and what it is doing.


For example, the bear training center may be located within a family hotel/resort. The experience begins when the guest (or the guests parents) reserve a room at the resort. They are given a special invitation to become a special owner to a magic bear who needs their help to become magical. They are given a basic background of the experience and the story behind Magic Mates. Guests who choose to participate would be assigned a specially designed magic-ready hotel room. Guests can also choose to partake any time they are staying at the resort. Of course, visitors not staying at the hotel may also purchase a magic-mate.


Once guests 410 arrive at the resort they select a time in which they will meet the Wizard 450 at his workshop 425 and finally are joined with their new magical friend 400 (FIGS. 8-9). When the guest arrives at this The Wizard Workshop 425 they are greeted by a Wizard 450 or two who lead them into the Wizard Workshop where they carefully select their magic mate 400. The guests are led into the workshop by a masterful Wizard who introduces them to his special creations. The Wizard also tells guests about his magical workshop and how he created these special bears for over 200 years and then helps the guests select their new magic-mate. Guests are asked to sign official adoption papers (initial identification process: name, address, bear name, etc.) and told how to care for their magic bear. The Wizard performs a special trick that “sparks” the bears magic so that it can begin its magic training with its new owner.


After guests choose their mate they are given official adoption papers, name their bear and the “story” (tracking) of the bear begins. They are then led through a hidden door, through a magical tunnel (FIG. 10) which takes them into the Enchanted Forest 460 where the magic training commences. The Enchanted Forest is an interactive maze of physical and hands on challenges, such as climbing nets 462, rope bridges 464, bear elevators 466, and the like (FIGS. 11-13). The bear 400 is taken by its owner through a series of magical lessons and fun experiences which will teach the bear and the guest how to use their magic powers. Magic is truly created and the bear 400 is able to set off a series of special effects as well as respond to various signals. Guests work their way through various caves, trees and bridges to different magic stations that help them teach their bear new skills. Each station is outfitted with a reader/writer device that logs and activates an effect after the bear completes a certain skill. For example, the bear's owner must teach the bear a magic saying. When this magic saying is done in a specific way (hold your bear to the sky and say, “Swish, Swirl, Bluster and Blow, Make the winds gust and grow!”), the bear's light will glow and powerful winds (high-powered fans) blow at the guests.


Once they make it through the Enchanted Forest they are then taken to a Wizard's Cove 470 (FIG. 14) where the Wizard 450 tests the bear's magic skills and official ceremonies are conducted. If they pass, they will be dubbed by the Wizard to have Level One Magic Powers. This area is actually a small theatre that uses a projected image of the Wizard and special effects. The bear will respond to signals that are integrated into the show. The guest then exits into a WizardWear shop 480 (FIG. 15) where he or she is able to select from dozens of outfits 482, accessories 484 and magical items 486.


Their magic experience doesn't end once guests exit the attraction area. Actually, the real experience begins. Various areas throughout the resort or equipped to track the bear and trigger events. Guests staying and paying for the Magic Mate Adventure have rooms that are outfitted with receivers that will cause specific events such as turn lights on and off and receive messages through the television. In addition, hallways, point portals (guest does an activity at a computer station and receives points for future redemption prizes), the restaurant and any other area at the resort have hidden receivers which will track the bear everywhere it goes. It will record the guest's activities as well as trigger effects such as talking pictures, sound and music effects.


Throughout the resort are magic moments in which the bear will either set off a special effect, be asked to conduct a magic trick, take part in a photo opportunity, a story, event, party, game, etc. For example, as the guest walks down a hallway of the resort, pictures magically light up with magical images that address and speak to the bear (FIG. 16). In addition each of the guests staying at the hotel are given a room that has a special bed, telephone and toiletries for the bear. The room is also equipped and linked to the master system for special wake-up calls and magic tricks (FIGS. 17-18).


Other areas of the resort cater to the magic bear and the guest. The restaurant would have special seating for bears, a menu and special effects (FIG. 19). This would hold true for the pool with small lounge chairs for bears, a concierge desk for the bears and daily events for human and bear mates (FIGS. 20-21).


Overall, a magical story is created by tracking the guest and his or her bear throughout their stay. It will turn their events (their magical journey, when they go to dinner, play in the waterplay area, etc) at the resort into an imaginative story and give them a special book that recorded their memorable experiences. It is possible to include photo capturing or designated specific points as “photo-op” for their storybook. At check out the bear and its owner are presented with a printed photo-scrapbook 490 of their magical experience at the resort (FIG. 22). Other possibilities for continuing magic include:

    • Visits to other facilities to increase magic skills and reach new levels
    • Special events and festivals for the bear to attend
    • New magic levels the bear must obtain in order for it to reach its fullest potential
    • Catalogs with new clothing to purchase
    • Magic can also come to the home through telephone calls, Internet, etc.


Although this invention has been disclosed in the context of certain preferred embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses of the invention and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the present invention herein disclosed should not be limited by the particular disclosed embodiments described above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims that follow.

Claims
  • 1. A toy comprising: a body having an inner portion; anda radio frequency identification device (RFID) tag located within the inner portion of said body, wherein the RFID tag comprises: a unique identifier configured to identify said toy;a processor;non-volatile programmable memory; anda radio frequency (RF) transceiver adapted to facilitate two-way communication with one or more RFID reader devices of a game control system,wherein the RF transceiver is configured to transmit data to the one or more RFID reader devices, andwherein the data comprises information to be used in a game, wherein the information is selected from the following: i) a first selection of information comprising one or more powers associated with said toy, and ii) a second selection of information comprising points or levels reached.
  • 2. The toy of claim 1, wherein the RFID tag comprises a passive RFID tag.
  • 3. The toy of claim 1, wherein the RFID tag is disposed on a support structure.
  • 4. The toy of claim 3, wherein the support structure comprises a plastic sheet substrate.
  • 5. The toy of claim 1, wherein an outer portion of the body comprises a fabric material and wherein the inner portion comprises a stuffing material.
  • 6. The toy of claim 5, wherein the body comprises a form representing an animal.
  • 7. The toy of claim 1, wherein an outer portion of the body comprises a plastic material.
  • 8. The toy of claim 1, wherein the body comprises a form representing an action figure.
  • 9. The toy of claim 1, wherein the inner portion comprises a cavity.
  • 10. A toy comprising: a body in the form of an animal or an action figure;a transponder affixed to said body and configured to identify said toy, said transponder comprising: i) non-volatile programmable memory,ii) a radio-frequency (RF) transceiver configured to facilitate two-way communication with one or more RFID reader devices,iii) a processor, andiv) an antenna configured to receive energy through inductive coupling with an externally applied electromagnetic field to thereby power at least said processor and said RF transceiver;wherein the RF transceiver is configured to transmit data to the one or more RFID reader devices, andwherein the data comprises information to be used in a game, the information comprising one or more of the following: i) in-game abilities associated with the toy, and ii) in-game points or levels reached.
  • 11. The toy of claim 10, wherein the transponder comprises a passive RFID tag.
  • 12. The toy of claim 10, wherein the transponder is disposed on a support structure within said body.
  • 13. The toy of claim 12, wherein the support structure comprises a plastic sheet substrate.
  • 14. The toy of claim 10, wherein an outer portion of the body comprises fabric material and wherein an inner portion of the body comprises stuffing.
  • 15. The toy of claim 10, wherein the transponder is affixed to said body by an adhesive.
  • 16. The toy of claim 10, wherein the body comprises a plastic material, and wherein the body comprises an internal cavity.
  • 17. The toy of claim 16, wherein the transponder is disposed within said internal cavity.
  • 18. A toy comprising: a body embodying a character or personality;a transponder contained within said body and configured to identify said toy, said transponder comprising: i) non-volatile programmable memory,ii) a radio-frequency (RF) transmitter/receiver chip configured to facilitate two-way communication with one or more RFID reader/writer devices,iii) a processor, andiv) an antenna configured to receive energy through inductive coupling with an externally applied electromagnetic field to thereby power at least said processor and said RF transmitter/receiver chip,wherein the RF transmitter/receiver chip is configured to transmit data to the one or more RFID reader/writer devices, andwherein the data comprises information to be used in a game, the information comprising one or more of the following: i) in-game abilities associated with the toy, and ii) a personalized name of said toy.
  • 19. The toy of claim 18, wherein the non-volatile programmable memory is pre-programmed with a unique identifier.
  • 20. The toy of claim 18, wherein the transponder comprises a passive RF identification device tag.
RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/255,678, filed Sep. 2, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,931,578, issued Apr. 3, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/076,388, filed Mar. 21, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,480,929, issued Nov. 1, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/621,711, filed Feb. 13, 2015, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,320,976, issued Apr. 26, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,127, filed Mar. 26, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,961,260, issued Feb. 24, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/355,489, filed Jan. 16, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,753,165, issued Jun. 17, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,812, filed Sep. 30, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,488,231, issued Feb. 10, 2009, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/045,582, filed Oct. 22, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,066,781, issued Jun. 27, 2006, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/241,893, filed Oct. 20, 2000, each of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

US Referenced Citations (1401)
Number Name Date Kind
973105 Chamberlain, Jr. Oct 1910 A
1661058 Theremin Feb 1928 A
1789680 Gwinnett Jan 1931 A
2001366 Mittelman May 1935 A
2752725 Unsworth Jul 1956 A
2902023 Waller Sep 1959 A
3135512 Taylor Jun 1964 A
3336030 Martell et al. Aug 1967 A
3395920 Moe Aug 1968 A
3454920 Mehr Jul 1969 A
3456134 Ko Jul 1969 A
3468533 House, Jr. Sep 1969 A
3474241 Kuipers Oct 1969 A
D220268 Kliewer Mar 1971 S
3572712 Vick Mar 1971 A
3633904 Kojima Jan 1972 A
3660648 Kuipers May 1972 A
3660926 Lerner et al. May 1972 A
3707055 Pearce Dec 1972 A
3795805 Swanberg et al. Mar 1974 A
3843127 Lack Oct 1974 A
3949364 Clark et al. Apr 1976 A
3949679 Barber Apr 1976 A
3973257 Rowe Aug 1976 A
3978481 Angwin et al. Aug 1976 A
3997156 Barlow et al. Dec 1976 A
4009619 Snyman Mar 1977 A
4038876 Morris Aug 1977 A
4055341 Martinez Oct 1977 A
4063111 Dobler et al. Dec 1977 A
4153250 Anthony May 1979 A
4166406 Maughmer Sep 1979 A
4171737 McLaughlin Oct 1979 A
4175665 Dogliotti Nov 1979 A
4205785 Stanley Jun 1980 A
4231077 Joyce et al. Oct 1980 A
4240638 Morrison et al. Dec 1980 A
4282681 McCaslin Aug 1981 A
4287765 Kreft Sep 1981 A
4296929 Meyer et al. Oct 1981 A
4303978 Shaw Dec 1981 A
4318245 Stowell et al. Mar 1982 A
4321678 Krogmann Mar 1982 A
4325199 McEdwards Apr 1982 A
4337948 Breslow Jul 1982 A
4342985 Desjardins Aug 1982 A
4402250 Baasch Sep 1983 A
4412205 Von Kemenczky Oct 1983 A
4425488 Moskin Jan 1984 A
4443866 Burgiss Apr 1984 A
4450325 Luque May 1984 A
4503299 Henrard Mar 1985 A
4514600 Lentz Apr 1985 A
4514798 Lesche Apr 1985 A
4540176 Baer Sep 1985 A
4546551 Franks Oct 1985 A
4558604 Auer Dec 1985 A
4561299 Orlando Dec 1985 A
4575621 Dreifus Mar 1986 A
4578674 Baker et al. Mar 1986 A
4595369 Downs Jun 1986 A
4623887 Welles Nov 1986 A
4623930 Oshima Nov 1986 A
4627620 Yang Dec 1986 A
4645458 Williams Feb 1987 A
4672374 Desjardins Jun 1987 A
4678450 Scolari et al. Jul 1987 A
4695058 Carter, III et al. Sep 1987 A
4695953 Blair et al. Sep 1987 A
4699379 Chateau et al. Oct 1987 A
4700501 Bryan Oct 1987 A
4729751 Schiavo et al. Mar 1988 A
4739128 Grisham Apr 1988 A
4750733 Foth Jun 1988 A
4761540 McGeorge Aug 1988 A
4776253 Downes Oct 1988 A
4787051 Olson Nov 1988 A
4807031 Broughton et al. Feb 1989 A
4816810 Moore Mar 1989 A
4817950 Goo Apr 1989 A
4819182 King et al. Apr 1989 A
4837568 Snaper et al. Jun 1989 A
4839838 LaBiche et al. Jun 1989 A
4843568 Krueger et al. Jun 1989 A
4849655 Bennett Jul 1989 A
4851685 Dubgen Jul 1989 A
4858390 Kenig Aug 1989 A
4858930 Sato Aug 1989 A
4862165 Gart Aug 1989 A
4882717 Hayakawa et al. Nov 1989 A
4891032 Davis Jan 1990 A
4904222 Gastgeb et al. Feb 1990 A
4910677 Remedio et al. Mar 1990 A
4914598 Krogmann Apr 1990 A
4918293 McGeorge Apr 1990 A
4924358 VonHeck May 1990 A
4932917 Klitsner Jun 1990 A
4957291 Miffitt Sep 1990 A
4960275 Magon Oct 1990 A
4961369 McGill Oct 1990 A
4964837 Collier Oct 1990 A
4967321 Cimock Oct 1990 A
4969647 Mical et al. Nov 1990 A
4980519 Mathews Dec 1990 A
4988981 Zimmerman et al. Jan 1991 A
4994795 MacKenzie Feb 1991 A
5011161 Galphin Apr 1991 A
5036442 Brown Jul 1991 A
RE33662 Blair et al. Aug 1991 E
5045843 Hansen Sep 1991 A
5048831 Sides Sep 1991 A
D320624 Taylor Oct 1991 S
5058480 Suzuki et al. Oct 1991 A
5059958 Jacobs et al. Oct 1991 A
5062696 Oshima Nov 1991 A
5068645 Drumm Nov 1991 A
D322242 Cordell Dec 1991 S
5076584 Openiano Dec 1991 A
D325225 Adhida Apr 1992 S
5114155 Tillery et al. May 1992 A
5114344 Fumagalli et al. May 1992 A
5124938 Algrain Jun 1992 A
5127657 Ikezawa et al. Jul 1992 A
5128671 Thomas, Jr. Jul 1992 A
D328463 King et al. Aug 1992 S
5136222 Yamamoto Aug 1992 A
5138154 Hotelling Aug 1992 A
5145446 Kuo Sep 1992 A
D331058 Morales Nov 1992 S
5166502 Rendleman Nov 1992 A
5170002 Suzuki et al. Dec 1992 A
5175481 Kanno Dec 1992 A
5177311 Suzuki et al. Jan 1993 A
5178477 Gambaro Jan 1993 A
5181181 Glynn Jan 1993 A
5184830 Okada et al. Feb 1993 A
5188368 Ryan Feb 1993 A
5190285 Levy et al. Mar 1993 A
5192082 Inoue et al. Mar 1993 A
5192823 Suzuki et al. Mar 1993 A
5194006 Zaenglein, Jr. Mar 1993 A
5194048 Briggs Mar 1993 A
5202844 Kamio Apr 1993 A
5203563 Loper, III Apr 1993 A
5207426 Inoue et al. May 1993 A
5212368 Hara May 1993 A
5213327 Kitaue May 1993 A
5220260 Schuler Jun 1993 A
5223698 Kapur Jun 1993 A
5231568 Cohen et al. Jul 1993 A
D338242 Cordell Aug 1993 S
5232223 Dornbusch Aug 1993 A
5236200 McGregor et al. Aug 1993 A
5247651 Clarisse Sep 1993 A
D340042 Copper et al. Oct 1993 S
5259626 Ho Nov 1993 A
5262777 Low et al. Nov 1993 A
D342256 Payne et al. Dec 1993 S
5277645 Kelley et al. Jan 1994 A
5279513 Connelly Jan 1994 A
5280744 DeCarlo Jan 1994 A
D345164 Grae Mar 1994 S
5290964 Hiyoshi et al. Mar 1994 A
5292124 Carpenter Mar 1994 A
5292254 Miller et al. Mar 1994 A
5296871 Paley Mar 1994 A
5299967 Gilbert Apr 1994 A
5307325 Scheiber Apr 1994 A
5310192 Miyake May 1994 A
5317394 Hale May 1994 A
5319548 Germain Jun 1994 A
5320358 Jones Jun 1994 A
5320362 Bear et al. Jun 1994 A
5325719 Petri et al. Jul 1994 A
5329276 Hirabayashi Jul 1994 A
5332322 Gambaro Jul 1994 A
5339095 Redford Aug 1994 A
D350736 Takahashi et al. Sep 1994 S
D350782 Barr Sep 1994 S
D351430 Barr Oct 1994 S
5354057 Pruitt et al. Oct 1994 A
5356343 Lovetere Oct 1994 A
5357267 Inoue Oct 1994 A
5359321 Ribic Oct 1994 A
5359348 Pilcher et al. Oct 1994 A
5362271 Butt Nov 1994 A
5363120 Drumm Nov 1994 A
5365214 Angott et al. Nov 1994 A
5366229 Suzuki Nov 1994 A
5369580 Monji Nov 1994 A
5369889 Callaghan Dec 1994 A
5372365 McTeigue et al. Dec 1994 A
5373857 Travers et al. Dec 1994 A
5378197 Briggs Jan 1995 A
5382026 Harvard et al. Jan 1995 A
5393074 Bear et al. Feb 1995 A
5396227 Carroll et al. Mar 1995 A
5396265 Ulrich et al. Mar 1995 A
5403238 Baxter et al. Apr 1995 A
5405294 Briggs Apr 1995 A
5411269 Thomas May 1995 A
5414337 Schuler May 1995 A
5416535 Sato et al. May 1995 A
5421575 Triner Jun 1995 A
5421590 Robbins Jun 1995 A
5422956 Wheaton Jun 1995 A
5429361 Raven et al. Jul 1995 A
5430435 Hoch Jul 1995 A
5432864 Lu et al. Jul 1995 A
5435561 Conley Jul 1995 A
5435569 Zilliox Jul 1995 A
D360903 Barr et al. Aug 1995 S
5439199 Briggs et al. Aug 1995 A
5440326 Quinn Aug 1995 A
5443261 Lee et al. Aug 1995 A
5452893 Faulk et al. Sep 1995 A
5453053 Danta et al. Sep 1995 A
5453758 Sato Sep 1995 A
D362870 Oikawa Oct 1995 S
5459489 Redford Oct 1995 A
5466181 Bennett Nov 1995 A
5469194 Clark et al. Nov 1995 A
5481957 Paley Jan 1996 A
5482510 Ishii et al. Jan 1996 A
5484355 King Jan 1996 A
5485171 Copper et al. Jan 1996 A
5488362 Ullman et al. Jan 1996 A
5490058 Yamasaki Feb 1996 A
5498002 Gechter Mar 1996 A
5502806 Mahoney et al. Mar 1996 A
5506605 Paley Apr 1996 A
5509806 Ellsworth Apr 1996 A
5512892 Corballis et al. Apr 1996 A
5516105 Eisenbrey et al. May 1996 A
5517183 Bozeman May 1996 A
5520806 Menke May 1996 A
5523800 Dudek Jun 1996 A
5524637 Erickson Jun 1996 A
5526022 Donahue et al. Jun 1996 A
5528222 Moskowitz Jun 1996 A
5528265 Harrison Jun 1996 A
5531443 Cruz Jul 1996 A
5533933 Garnjost et al. Jul 1996 A
5541358 Wheaton et al. Jul 1996 A
5541860 Takei et al. Jul 1996 A
5542672 Meredith Aug 1996 A
5543672 Nishitani et al. Aug 1996 A
5550721 Rapisarda Aug 1996 A
5551701 Bouton et al. Sep 1996 A
5554033 Bizzi et al. Sep 1996 A
5554980 Hashimoto et al. Sep 1996 A
5561543 Ogawa Oct 1996 A
5563628 Stroop Oct 1996 A
5569085 Igarashi et al. Oct 1996 A
D375326 Yokoi et al. Nov 1996 S
5572221 Marlevi et al. Nov 1996 A
5573011 Felsing Nov 1996 A
5574479 Odell Nov 1996 A
5576727 Rosenberg et al. Nov 1996 A
5579025 Itoh Nov 1996 A
D376826 Ashida Dec 1996 S
5580319 Hamilton Dec 1996 A
5581484 Prince Dec 1996 A
5585584 Usa Dec 1996 A
5586767 Bohland Dec 1996 A
5587558 Matsushima Dec 1996 A
5587740 Brennan Dec 1996 A
5594465 Poulachon Jan 1997 A
5598187 Ide et al. Jan 1997 A
5598197 Zaba Jan 1997 A
5602569 Kato Feb 1997 A
5603658 Cohen Feb 1997 A
5605505 Han Feb 1997 A
5606343 Tsuboyama Feb 1997 A
5611731 Bouton et al. Mar 1997 A
5613913 Ikematsu et al. Mar 1997 A
5615132 Horton Mar 1997 A
5621459 Ueda Apr 1997 A
5623581 Attenberg Apr 1997 A
5624117 Ohkubo et al. Apr 1997 A
5627565 Morishita et al. May 1997 A
5629981 Nerlikar May 1997 A
5632878 Kitano May 1997 A
D379832 Ashida Jun 1997 S
5636994 Tong Jun 1997 A
5640152 Copper Jun 1997 A
5641288 Zzenglein, Jr. Jun 1997 A
5642931 Gappelberg Jul 1997 A
5643087 Marcus et al. Jul 1997 A
5645077 Foxlin Jul 1997 A
5645277 Cheng Jul 1997 A
5647796 Cohen Jul 1997 A
5649867 Briggs Jul 1997 A
5651049 Easterling et al. Jul 1997 A
5655053 Renie Aug 1997 A
5662332 Garfield Sep 1997 A
5662525 Briggs Sep 1997 A
5666138 Culver Sep 1997 A
5667217 Kelly et al. Sep 1997 A
5667220 Cheng Sep 1997 A
5670845 Grant Sep 1997 A
5670988 Tickle Sep 1997 A
5672090 Liu Sep 1997 A
5674128 Holch et al. Oct 1997 A
5676450 Sink et al. Oct 1997 A
5676540 Williams et al. Oct 1997 A
5676673 Ferre et al. Oct 1997 A
5679004 McGowan et al. Oct 1997 A
5682181 Nguyen et al. Oct 1997 A
5685776 Stambolic et al. Nov 1997 A
5685778 Sheldon et al. Nov 1997 A
5691898 Rosenberg et al. Nov 1997 A
5694340 Kim Dec 1997 A
5698784 Hotelling et al. Dec 1997 A
5701131 Kuga Dec 1997 A
5702232 Moore Dec 1997 A
5702305 Norman et al. Dec 1997 A
5702323 Poulton Dec 1997 A
5703623 Hall et al. Dec 1997 A
5713792 Ohzono et al. Feb 1998 A
5716216 O'Loughlin et al. Feb 1998 A
5716281 Dote Feb 1998 A
5724106 Autry et al. Mar 1998 A
5724497 San et al. Mar 1998 A
5726675 Inoue Mar 1998 A
5730655 Meredith Mar 1998 A
5733131 Park Mar 1998 A
5734371 Kaplan Mar 1998 A
5734373 Rosenberg Mar 1998 A
5734807 Sumi Mar 1998 A
D393884 Hayami Apr 1998 S
5736970 Bozeman Apr 1998 A
5739811 Rosenberg et al. Apr 1998 A
5741182 Lipps et al. Apr 1998 A
5741189 Briggs Apr 1998 A
5742233 Hoffman et al. Apr 1998 A
5742331 Uomori Apr 1998 A
5745226 Gigioli, Jr. Apr 1998 A
D394264 Sakamoto et al. May 1998 S
5746602 Kikinis May 1998 A
5751273 Cohen May 1998 A
5752880 Gabai et al. May 1998 A
5752882 Acres et al. May 1998 A
5757305 Xydis May 1998 A
5757354 Kawamura May 1998 A
5757360 Nitta et al. May 1998 A
D395464 Shiibashi et al. Jun 1998 S
5764224 Lilja et al. Jun 1998 A
5766077 Hongo Jun 1998 A
5769719 Hsu Jun 1998 A
5770533 Franchi Jun 1998 A
5771038 Wang Jun 1998 A
5772508 Sugita et al. Jun 1998 A
D396468 Schindler et al. Jul 1998 S
5775998 Ikematsu et al. Jul 1998 A
5779240 Santella Jul 1998 A
5785317 Sasaki Jul 1998 A
5785592 Jacobsen Jul 1998 A
5785952 Taylor et al. Jul 1998 A
5786626 Brady et al. Jul 1998 A
D397162 Yokoi et al. Aug 1998 S
D397371 Bagley Aug 1998 S
D397372 Riggs Aug 1998 S
5791648 Hohl Aug 1998 A
5794081 Itoh Aug 1998 A
5796354 Cartabiano et al. Aug 1998 A
D397729 Schulz et al. Sep 1998 S
5803740 Gesink et al. Sep 1998 A
5803840 Young Sep 1998 A
5806849 Rutkowski Sep 1998 A
5807284 Foxlin Sep 1998 A
5810666 Mero et al. Sep 1998 A
5811896 Grad Sep 1998 A
5819206 Horton et al. Oct 1998 A
5820462 Yokoi et al. Oct 1998 A
5820471 Briggs Oct 1998 A
5820472 Briggs Oct 1998 A
5821859 Schrott et al. Oct 1998 A
5822713 Profeta Oct 1998 A
5825298 Walter Oct 1998 A
5825350 Case, Jr. et al. Oct 1998 A
D400885 Goto Nov 1998 S
5830065 Sitrick Nov 1998 A
5831553 Lenssen et al. Nov 1998 A
5833549 Zur et al. Nov 1998 A
5835077 Dao et al. Nov 1998 A
5835156 Blonstein et al. Nov 1998 A
5835576 Katz Nov 1998 A
5836817 Acres et al. Nov 1998 A
5838138 Henty Nov 1998 A
5841409 Ishibashi et al. Nov 1998 A
D402328 Ashida Dec 1998 S
5847854 Benson, Jr. Dec 1998 A
5850624 Gard Dec 1998 A
5851149 Xidos et al. Dec 1998 A
5853327 Gilboa Dec 1998 A
5853332 Briggs Dec 1998 A
5854622 Brannon Dec 1998 A
5855483 Collins et al. Jan 1999 A
D405071 Gambaro Feb 1999 S
5865680 Briggs Feb 1999 A
5867146 Kim et al. Feb 1999 A
5874941 Yamada Feb 1999 A
5875257 Marrin et al. Feb 1999 A
D407071 Keating Mar 1999 S
5889672 Schuler et al. Mar 1999 A
D407761 Barr Apr 1999 S
5893562 Spector Apr 1999 A
5897437 Nishiumi Apr 1999 A
5898421 Quinn Apr 1999 A
5900867 Schindler et al. May 1999 A
5901246 Hoffberg et al. May 1999 A
5902968 Sato et al. May 1999 A
5906542 Neumann May 1999 A
D410909 Tickle Jun 1999 S
5908996 Litterst et al. Jun 1999 A
5911634 Nidata et al. Jun 1999 A
5912612 DeVolpi Jun 1999 A
5913019 Attenberg Jun 1999 A
5913727 Ahdoot Jun 1999 A
D412016 Meredith Jul 1999 S
5919149 Allen Jul 1999 A
5923317 Sayler et al. Jul 1999 A
5924695 Heykoop Jul 1999 A
5926780 Fox et al. Jul 1999 A
5929607 Rosenberg et al. Jul 1999 A
5929782 Stark et al. Jul 1999 A
5929841 Fujii Jul 1999 A
5929846 Rosenberg et al. Jul 1999 A
5929848 Albukerk et al. Jul 1999 A
D412940 Kato et al. Aug 1999 S
D413359 Larian Aug 1999 S
5931739 Layer et al. Aug 1999 A
5942969 Wicks Aug 1999 A
5944533 Wood Aug 1999 A
5946444 Evans et al. Aug 1999 A
5947789 Chan Sep 1999 A
5947868 Dugan Sep 1999 A
5955713 Titus Sep 1999 A
5955988 Blonstein Sep 1999 A
5956035 Sciammarella Sep 1999 A
5957779 Larson Sep 1999 A
5961386 Sawaguchi Oct 1999 A
5963136 O'Brien Oct 1999 A
5964660 James et al. Oct 1999 A
5967898 Takasaka et al. Oct 1999 A
5967901 Briggs Oct 1999 A
5971270 Barna Oct 1999 A
5971271 Wynn et al. Oct 1999 A
5973757 Aubuchon et al. Oct 1999 A
5977951 Danieli et al. Nov 1999 A
5978770 Waytena et al. Nov 1999 A
5980254 Muehle et al. Nov 1999 A
5982352 Pryor Nov 1999 A
5982356 Akiyama Nov 1999 A
5984785 Takeda et al. Nov 1999 A
5984788 Lebensfeld et al. Nov 1999 A
5986570 Black et al. Nov 1999 A
5986644 Herder Nov 1999 A
5987402 Murata et al. Nov 1999 A
5987420 Maeda et al. Nov 1999 A
5987421 Chuang Nov 1999 A
5989120 Truchsess Nov 1999 A
5991085 Rallison et al. Nov 1999 A
5991693 Zalewski Nov 1999 A
5996033 Chiu-Hao Nov 1999 A
5999168 Rosenberg Dec 1999 A
6001014 Ogata Dec 1999 A
6001015 Nishiumi et al. Dec 1999 A
6002394 Schein Dec 1999 A
6009458 Hawkins et al. Dec 1999 A
D419199 Cordell et al. Jan 2000 S
D419200 Ashida Jan 2000 S
6010406 Kajikawa et al. Jan 2000 A
6011526 Toyoshima et al. Jan 2000 A
6012980 Yoshida et al. Jan 2000 A
6012984 Roseman Jan 2000 A
6013007 Root et al. Jan 2000 A
6016144 Blonstein Jan 2000 A
6019680 Cheng Feb 2000 A
6020876 Rosenberg Feb 2000 A
6024647 Bennett et al. Feb 2000 A
6024675 Kashiwaguchi Feb 2000 A
6025830 Cohen Feb 2000 A
6037882 Levy Mar 2000 A
6044297 Sheldon Mar 2000 A
6049823 Hwang Apr 2000 A
6052083 Wilson Apr 2000 A
6057788 Cummings May 2000 A
6058342 Orbach May 2000 A
6059576 Brann May 2000 A
6060847 Hettema et al. May 2000 A
6066075 Poulton May 2000 A
6069594 Barnes et al. May 2000 A
6072467 Walker Jun 2000 A
6072470 Ishigaki Jun 2000 A
6075443 Schepps et al. Jun 2000 A
6075575 Schein et al. Jun 2000 A
6076734 Dougherty et al. Jun 2000 A
6077106 Mish Jun 2000 A
6078789 Bodenmann Jun 2000 A
6079982 Meader Jun 2000 A
6080063 Khosla Jun 2000 A
6081819 Ogino Jun 2000 A
6084315 Schmitt Jul 2000 A
6084577 Sato et al. Jul 2000 A
6085805 Bates Jul 2000 A
6087950 Capan Jul 2000 A
6089987 Briggs Jul 2000 A
6091342 Janesch et al. Jul 2000 A
D429718 Rudolph Aug 2000 S
6095926 Hettema et al. Aug 2000 A
6102406 Miles et al. Aug 2000 A
6106392 Meredith Aug 2000 A
6110000 Ting Aug 2000 A
6110039 Oh Aug 2000 A
6110041 Walker et al. Aug 2000 A
6115028 Balakrishnan Sep 2000 A
6127928 Issacman et al. Oct 2000 A
6127990 Zwern Oct 2000 A
6129549 Thompson Oct 2000 A
6132318 Briggs Oct 2000 A
6137457 Tokuhashi Oct 2000 A
D433381 Talesfore Nov 2000 S
6142870 Wada Nov 2000 A
6142876 Cumbers Nov 2000 A
6144367 Berstis Nov 2000 A
6146278 Kobayashi Nov 2000 A
6148100 Anderson et al. Nov 2000 A
6149490 Hampton Nov 2000 A
6150947 Shima Nov 2000 A
6154723 Cox et al. Nov 2000 A
D435554 Meredith Dec 2000 S
6155926 Miyamoto et al. Dec 2000 A
6160405 Needle Dec 2000 A
6160540 Fishkin et al. Dec 2000 A
6160986 Gabai et al. Dec 2000 A
6162122 Acres et al. Dec 2000 A
6162123 Woolston Dec 2000 A
6162191 Foxin Dec 2000 A
6164808 Shibata Dec 2000 A
6167353 Piernot et al. Dec 2000 A
6171190 Thanasack et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173209 Laval et al. Jan 2001 B1
6174242 Briggs et al. Jan 2001 B1
6176837 Foxlin Jan 2001 B1
6181253 Eschenbach et al. Jan 2001 B1
6181329 Stork et al. Jan 2001 B1
6183364 Trovato Feb 2001 B1
6183365 Tonomura et al. Feb 2001 B1
6184847 Fateh et al. Feb 2001 B1
6184862 Leiper Feb 2001 B1
6184863 Sibert Feb 2001 B1
6186902 Briggs Feb 2001 B1
6190174 Lam Feb 2001 B1
6191774 Schena Feb 2001 B1
6196893 Casola et al. Mar 2001 B1
6198295 Hill Mar 2001 B1
6198470 Agam et al. Mar 2001 B1
6198471 Cook Mar 2001 B1
6200216 Peppel Mar 2001 B1
6200219 Rudell et al. Mar 2001 B1
6200253 Nishiumi Mar 2001 B1
6201554 Lands Mar 2001 B1
6206745 Gabai et al. Mar 2001 B1
6206782 Walker et al. Mar 2001 B1
6210287 Briggs Apr 2001 B1
6211861 Rosenberg et al. Apr 2001 B1
6214155 Leighton Apr 2001 B1
6217450 Meredith Apr 2001 B1
6217478 Vohmann Apr 2001 B1
6220171 Hettema et al. Apr 2001 B1
6220963 Meredith Apr 2001 B1
6220964 Miyamoto Apr 2001 B1
6220965 Hanna et al. Apr 2001 B1
6222522 Mathews Apr 2001 B1
D442998 Ashida May 2001 S
6224486 Walker et al. May 2001 B1
6224491 Hiromi et al. May 2001 B1
6225987 Matsuda May 2001 B1
6226534 Aizawa May 2001 B1
6227966 Yokoi May 2001 B1
6227974 Eilat et al. May 2001 B1
6231451 Briggs May 2001 B1
6234803 Watkins May 2001 B1
6238289 Sobota et al. May 2001 B1
6238291 Fujimoto et al. May 2001 B1
6239806 Nishiumi et al. May 2001 B1
RE37220 Rapisarda et al. Jun 2001 E
6241611 Takeda et al. Jun 2001 B1
6243491 Andersson Jun 2001 B1
6243658 Raby Jun 2001 B1
6244987 Ohsuga et al. Jun 2001 B1
6245014 Brainard et al. Jun 2001 B1
6248019 Mudie et al. Jun 2001 B1
6254101 Young Jul 2001 B1
6254394 Draper et al. Jul 2001 B1
6261180 Lebensfeld et al. Jul 2001 B1
6264202 Briggs Jul 2001 B1
6264558 Nishiumi et al. Jul 2001 B1
6265984 Molinaroli Jul 2001 B1
6267673 Miyamoto et al. Jul 2001 B1
6273425 Westfall et al. Aug 2001 B1
6273819 Strauss et al. Aug 2001 B1
6275213 Tremblay et al. Aug 2001 B1
6276353 Briggs et al. Aug 2001 B1
6280327 Leifer et al. Aug 2001 B1
6280328 Holch et al. Aug 2001 B1
6283862 Richter Sep 2001 B1
6283871 Briggs Sep 2001 B1
6287200 Sharma Sep 2001 B1
6290565 Galyean, III et al. Sep 2001 B1
6290566 Gabai et al. Sep 2001 B1
6293684 Riblett Sep 2001 B1
6297751 Fadavi-Ardekani Oct 2001 B1
6301534 McDermott Oct 2001 B1
6302793 Fertitta, III et al. Oct 2001 B1
6302796 Lebensfeld et al. Oct 2001 B1
6304250 Yang Oct 2001 B1
6311982 Lebensfeld et al. Nov 2001 B1
6312335 Tosaki et al. Nov 2001 B1
6315673 Kopera Nov 2001 B1
6320495 Sporgis Nov 2001 B1
6322365 Shechter et al. Nov 2001 B1
6322420 Daniellian Nov 2001 B1
6323614 Palaxxolo Nov 2001 B1
6323654 Needle Nov 2001 B1
6325718 Nishiumi et al. Dec 2001 B1
6328648 Walker et al. Dec 2001 B1
6328650 Fukawa et al. Dec 2001 B1
6329648 Delatorre Dec 2001 B1
6330427 Tabachnik Dec 2001 B1
6331841 Tokuhashi Dec 2001 B1
6331856 VanHook Dec 2001 B1
6332840 Nishiumi et al. Dec 2001 B1
6337954 Soshi Jan 2002 B1
6338079 Kanamori et al. Jan 2002 B1
6342010 Slifer Jan 2002 B1
6346047 Sobota Feb 2002 B1
6347993 Kondo et al. Feb 2002 B1
6347998 Yoshitomi et al. Feb 2002 B1
6350199 Williams et al. Feb 2002 B1
6352478 Gabai et al. Mar 2002 B1
6354945 Furuki et al. Mar 2002 B1
6354948 Nagayama Mar 2002 B1
6356867 Gabai et al. Mar 2002 B1
6361396 Snyder Mar 2002 B1
6361436 Gouji et al. Mar 2002 B1
6361507 Foxlin Mar 2002 B1
D456410 Ashida Apr 2002 S
6364735 Bristow et al. Apr 2002 B1
6368177 Gabai et al. Apr 2002 B1
6368217 Kanno Apr 2002 B2
6369794 Sakurai et al. Apr 2002 B1
6369908 Frey et al. Apr 2002 B1
6371375 Ackley et al. Apr 2002 B1
6371853 Borta Apr 2002 B1
6374998 Grubbs et al. Apr 2002 B1
6375566 Yamada Apr 2002 B1
6375569 Acres Apr 2002 B1
6375572 Masuyama et al. Apr 2002 B1
6375578 Briggs Apr 2002 B1
6377793 Jenkins Apr 2002 B1
6377906 Rowe Apr 2002 B1
D456854 Ashida May 2002 S
6383079 Takeda et al. May 2002 B1
6386538 Mejia May 2002 B1
6392613 Goto May 2002 B1
6394904 Stallker May 2002 B1
6400480 Thomas Jun 2002 B1
6400996 Hoffberg et al. Jun 2002 B1
6402617 Gouji et al. Jun 2002 B2
6404409 Solomon Jun 2002 B1
6409379 Gabathuler et al. Jun 2002 B1
6409604 Matsuno Jun 2002 B1
6409687 Foxlin Jun 2002 B1
D459727 Ashida Jul 2002 S
D460787 Nishikawa Jul 2002 S
6414589 Angott et al. Jul 2002 B1
6415223 Lin Jul 2002 B1
6421056 Nishiumi Jul 2002 B1
6424264 Giraldin et al. Jul 2002 B1
6424333 Tremblay Jul 2002 B1
6426719 Nagareda Jul 2002 B1
6426741 Goldsmith et al. Jul 2002 B1
6438193 Ko et al. Aug 2002 B1
D462683 Ashida Sep 2002 S
6445960 Borta Sep 2002 B1
6452494 Harrison Sep 2002 B1
6456276 Park Sep 2002 B1
D464052 Fletcher Oct 2002 S
D464950 Fraquelli et al. Oct 2002 S
6462769 Trowbridge et al. Oct 2002 B1
6463257 Wood Oct 2002 B1
6463859 Ikezawa et al. Oct 2002 B1
6466198 Feinstein Oct 2002 B1
6466831 Shibata Oct 2002 B1
6473070 Mishra et al. Oct 2002 B2
6473713 McCall Oct 2002 B1
6474159 Foxlin et al. Nov 2002 B1
6482067 Pickens Nov 2002 B1
6484080 Breed Nov 2002 B2
6490409 Walker Dec 2002 B1
6491566 Peters Dec 2002 B2
6492981 Stork et al. Dec 2002 B1
6494457 Conte et al. Dec 2002 B2
6496122 Sampsell Dec 2002 B2
6509217 Reddy Jan 2003 B1
6512511 Willner Jan 2003 B2
6517438 Tosaki Feb 2003 B2
6517728 Rooney Feb 2003 B1
6518952 Leiper Feb 2003 B1
6525660 Surintrspanont Feb 2003 B1
6526158 Goldberg Feb 2003 B1
6527638 Walker et al. Mar 2003 B1
6527646 Briggs Mar 2003 B1
6529786 Sim Mar 2003 B1
6530838 Ha et al. Mar 2003 B2
6530841 Bull et al. Mar 2003 B2
6537124 Todokoro Mar 2003 B2
6537154 Ohgoshi et al. Mar 2003 B1
6538675 Aratani Mar 2003 B2
D473942 Motoki et al. Apr 2003 S
6540607 Mokris et al. Apr 2003 B2
6540611 Nagata Apr 2003 B1
6544124 Ireland Apr 2003 B2
6544126 Sawano Apr 2003 B2
6545611 Hayashi et al. Apr 2003 B2
6545661 Goschy et al. Apr 2003 B1
6551165 Smirnov Apr 2003 B2
6551188 Toyama et al. Apr 2003 B2
6554707 Sinclair et al. Apr 2003 B1
6554781 Carter et al. Apr 2003 B1
D474763 Tozaki et al. May 2003 S
6558225 Rehkemper et al. May 2003 B1
6560511 Yokoo et al. May 2003 B1
6561049 Akiyama et al. May 2003 B2
6563487 Martin et al. May 2003 B2
6565438 Ogino May 2003 B2
6565444 Nagata et al. May 2003 B2
6567536 McNitt et al. May 2003 B2
6569023 Briggs May 2003 B1
6572108 Bristow Jun 2003 B1
6575753 Rosa et al. Jun 2003 B2
6577350 Proehl Jun 2003 B1
6579098 Shechter Jun 2003 B2
6582299 Matsuyama et al. Jun 2003 B1
6582380 Kazlausky et al. Jun 2003 B2
6583783 Dietrich Jun 2003 B1
6585596 Liefer et al. Jul 2003 B1
6589117 Moritome et al. Jul 2003 B1
6589120 Takahashi Jul 2003 B1
6590536 Walton Jul 2003 B1
6591677 Rothoff Jul 2003 B2
6592461 Raviv et al. Jul 2003 B1
6595863 Chamberlain et al. Jul 2003 B2
6597342 Haruta Jul 2003 B1
6597443 Boman Jul 2003 B2
6598978 Hasegawa Jul 2003 B2
6599194 Smith Jul 2003 B1
6605038 Teller et al. Aug 2003 B1
6607123 Jollifee et al. Aug 2003 B1
6608563 Weston et al. Aug 2003 B2
6609969 Luciano et al. Aug 2003 B1
6609977 Shimizu Aug 2003 B1
6616452 Clark et al. Sep 2003 B2
6616535 Nishizak Sep 2003 B1
6616607 Hashimoto Sep 2003 B2
6626728 Holt Sep 2003 B2
6628257 Oka Sep 2003 B1
6629019 Legge et al. Sep 2003 B2
6632142 Keith Oct 2003 B2
6633155 Liang Oct 2003 B1
6634949 Briggs et al. Oct 2003 B1
6636826 Abe et al. Oct 2003 B1
6641482 Masuyama et al. Nov 2003 B2
6642837 Vigoda et al. Nov 2003 B1
6650029 Johnston Nov 2003 B1
6650313 Levine Nov 2003 B2
6650345 Saito Nov 2003 B1
6651268 Briggs Nov 2003 B1
6654000 Rosenberg Nov 2003 B2
6654001 Su Nov 2003 B1
6672962 Ozaki et al. Jan 2004 B1
6676520 Nishiumi et al. Jan 2004 B2
6676524 Botzas Jan 2004 B1
6677990 Kawahara Jan 2004 B1
6681629 Foxlin et al. Jan 2004 B2
6682074 Weston Jan 2004 B2
6682351 Abraham-Fuchs et al. Jan 2004 B1
6684062 Gosior et al. Jan 2004 B1
D486145 Kaminski et al. Feb 2004 S
6686954 Kitaguchi Feb 2004 B1
6692170 Abir Feb 2004 B2
6693622 Shahoian et al. Feb 2004 B1
6702672 Angell et al. Mar 2004 B1
6709336 Siegel et al. Mar 2004 B2
6712692 Basson Mar 2004 B2
6716102 Whitten et al. Apr 2004 B2
6717573 Shahoian et al. Apr 2004 B1
6717673 Janssen Apr 2004 B1
6718280 Hermann Apr 2004 B2
6725107 MacPherson Apr 2004 B2
6725173 An Apr 2004 B2
6726099 Becker et al. Apr 2004 B2
D489361 Mori et al. May 2004 S
6729934 Driscoll et al. May 2004 B1
6733390 Walker et al. May 2004 B2
6736009 Schwabe May 2004 B1
6739874 Marcus et al. May 2004 B2
6739979 Tracy May 2004 B2
D491924 Kaminski et al. Jun 2004 S
D492285 Ombao et al. Jun 2004 S
6743104 Ota et al. Jun 2004 B1
6746334 Barney Jun 2004 B1
6747562 Giraldin et al. Jun 2004 B2
6747632 Howard Jun 2004 B2
6747690 Molgaard Jun 2004 B2
6749432 French et al. Jun 2004 B2
6752719 Himoto et al. Jun 2004 B2
6753849 Curran et al. Jun 2004 B1
6753888 Kamiwada Jun 2004 B2
6757068 Foxlin Jun 2004 B2
6757446 Li Jun 2004 B1
6761637 Weston et al. Jul 2004 B2
6765553 Odamura Jul 2004 B1
D495336 Andre et al. Aug 2004 S
6770863 Walley Aug 2004 B2
6773325 Mawle et al. Aug 2004 B1
6773344 Gabai et al. Aug 2004 B1
6785539 Hale Aug 2004 B2
6786877 Foxlin Sep 2004 B2
6796177 Mori Sep 2004 B2
6796908 Weston Sep 2004 B2
6797895 Lapstun Sep 2004 B2
6811489 Shimizu Nov 2004 B1
6811491 Levenberg et al. Nov 2004 B1
6812583 Cheung et al. Nov 2004 B2
6812881 Mullaly et al. Nov 2004 B1
6813525 Reid Nov 2004 B2
6813574 Yedur Nov 2004 B1
6813584 Zhou et al. Nov 2004 B2
6816151 Dellinger Nov 2004 B2
6821204 Aonuma et al. Nov 2004 B2
6821206 Ishida et al. Nov 2004 B1
6835135 Silverbrook et al. Dec 2004 B1
6836705 Hellman Dec 2004 B2
6836751 Paxton Dec 2004 B2
6836971 Wan Jan 2005 B1
6842991 Levi Jan 2005 B2
6846238 Wells Jan 2005 B2
6850221 Tickle Feb 2005 B1
6850844 Walters Feb 2005 B1
6852032 Ishino Feb 2005 B2
6856327 Choi Feb 2005 B2
D502468 Knight et al. Mar 2005 S
6868738 Moscrip Mar 2005 B2
6872139 Sato et al. Mar 2005 B2
6873406 Hines Mar 2005 B1
D503750 Kit et al. Apr 2005 S
6878066 Leifer Apr 2005 B2
6882824 Wood Apr 2005 B2
D504677 Kaminski et al. May 2005 S
D505424 Ashida et al. May 2005 S
6889098 Laval May 2005 B1
6890262 Oishi May 2005 B2
6891469 Engellenner et al. May 2005 B2
6891526 Gombert May 2005 B2
6894686 Stamper et al. May 2005 B2
6897845 Ozawa May 2005 B2
6897854 Cho May 2005 B2
6902483 Lin Jun 2005 B2
6903725 Nacson Jun 2005 B2
6905411 Nguyen et al. Jun 2005 B2
6906700 Armstrong Jun 2005 B1
6908386 Suzuki et al. Jun 2005 B2
6908388 Shimizu Jun 2005 B2
6918833 Emmerson et al. Jul 2005 B2
6921332 Fukunaga Jul 2005 B2
6922632 Foxlin Jul 2005 B2
6924787 Kramer et al. Aug 2005 B2
6925410 Narayanan Aug 2005 B2
6929543 Ueshima et al. Aug 2005 B1
6929548 Wang Aug 2005 B2
6932698 Sprogis Aug 2005 B2
6932706 Kaminkow Aug 2005 B1
6933861 Wang Aug 2005 B2
6933923 Feinstein Aug 2005 B2
6935864 Shechter et al. Aug 2005 B2
6935952 Walker et al. Aug 2005 B2
6939232 Tanaka et al. Sep 2005 B2
6948999 Chan Sep 2005 B2
6954980 Song Oct 2005 B2
6955606 Taho et al. Oct 2005 B2
6956564 Williams Oct 2005 B1
6965374 Villet et al. Nov 2005 B2
6966775 Kendir et al. Nov 2005 B1
6967563 Bormaster Nov 2005 B2
6967566 Weston et al. Nov 2005 B2
6982697 Wilson et al. Jan 2006 B2
6983219 Mantyjarvi Jan 2006 B2
6984208 Zheng Jan 2006 B2
6990639 Wilson Jan 2006 B2
6993451 Chang et al. Jan 2006 B2
6995748 Gordon et al. Feb 2006 B2
6998966 Pedersen Feb 2006 B2
7000469 Foxlin et al. Feb 2006 B2
7002591 Leather Feb 2006 B1
7004847 Henry Feb 2006 B2
7005985 Steeves Feb 2006 B1
7029400 Briggs Apr 2006 B2
7030765 Giraldin Apr 2006 B2
7031875 Ellenby et al. Apr 2006 B2
7038661 Wilson et al. May 2006 B2
7040986 Koshima May 2006 B2
7040993 Lovitt May 2006 B1
7040998 Jolliffe et al. May 2006 B2
7052391 Luciano, Jr. May 2006 B1
7055101 Abbott et al. May 2006 B2
7056221 Thirkettle et al. Jun 2006 B2
7059974 Golliffe et al. Jun 2006 B1
7066781 Weston Jun 2006 B2
D524298 Hedderich et al. Jul 2006 S
7081033 Mawle Jul 2006 B1
7081051 Himoto et al. Jul 2006 B2
7086645 Hardie Aug 2006 B2
7090582 Danieli et al. Aug 2006 B2
7094147 Nakata Aug 2006 B2
7098891 Pryor Aug 2006 B1
7098894 Yang Aug 2006 B2
7102615 Marks Sep 2006 B2
7102616 Sleator Sep 2006 B1
7107168 Oystol Sep 2006 B2
D531228 Ashida et al. Oct 2006 S
7115032 Cantu et al. Oct 2006 B2
7117009 Wong et al. Oct 2006 B2
7118482 Ishihara et al. Oct 2006 B2
7126584 Nishiumi et al. Oct 2006 B1
7127370 Kelly Oct 2006 B2
D531585 Weitgasser et al. Nov 2006 S
7133026 Horie et al. Nov 2006 B2
7136674 Yoshie et al. Nov 2006 B2
7136826 Alsafadi Nov 2006 B2
7137899 Hiei Nov 2006 B2
7139983 Kelts Nov 2006 B2
7140962 Okuda et al. Nov 2006 B2
7142191 Idesawa et al. Nov 2006 B2
7145551 Bathiche Dec 2006 B1
7149627 Ockerse Dec 2006 B2
7154475 Crew Dec 2006 B2
7155604 Kawai Dec 2006 B2
7158116 Poltorak Jan 2007 B2
7158118 Liberty Jan 2007 B2
7160196 Thirkettle et al. Jan 2007 B2
7168089 Nguyen et al. Jan 2007 B2
7173604 Marvit Feb 2007 B2
7176919 Drebin Feb 2007 B2
7180414 Nyfelt Feb 2007 B2
7180503 Burr Feb 2007 B2
7182691 Schena Feb 2007 B1
7183480 Nishitani et al. Feb 2007 B2
7184059 Fouladi Feb 2007 B1
D543246 Ashida et al. May 2007 S
7220220 Stubbs et al. May 2007 B2
7223173 Masuyama et al. May 2007 B2
7225101 Usuda et al. May 2007 B2
7231063 Naimark Jun 2007 B2
7233316 Smith et al. Jun 2007 B2
7236156 Liberty et al. Jun 2007 B2
7239301 Liberty et al. Jul 2007 B2
7252572 Wright et al. Aug 2007 B2
7253800 Goldberg et al. Aug 2007 B2
7261690 Teller et al. Aug 2007 B2
7262760 Liberty Aug 2007 B2
RE39818 Slifer Sep 2007 E
7288028 Rodriguez et al. Oct 2007 B2
D556201 Ashida et al. Nov 2007 S
7291014 Chung et al. Nov 2007 B2
7292151 Ferguson et al. Nov 2007 B2
7297059 Vancura et al. Nov 2007 B2
7301527 Marvit Nov 2007 B2
7301648 Foxlin Nov 2007 B2
D556760 Ashida et al. Dec 2007 S
7307617 Wilson et al. Dec 2007 B2
D559847 Ashida et al. Jan 2008 S
D561178 Azuma Feb 2008 S
7331857 MacIver Feb 2008 B2
7335134 LaVelle Feb 2008 B1
D563948 d'Hoore Mar 2008 S
7337965 Thirkettle et al. Mar 2008 B2
7339105 Eitaki Mar 2008 B2
7345670 Armstrong Mar 2008 B2
D567243 Ashida et al. Apr 2008 S
7359121 French et al. Apr 2008 B2
7359451 McKnight Apr 2008 B2
7361073 Martin Apr 2008 B2
RE40324 Crawford May 2008 E
7371177 Ellis et al. May 2008 B2
7379566 Hildreth May 2008 B2
7387559 Sanchez-Castro et al. Jun 2008 B2
7394459 Bathiche et al. Jul 2008 B2
7395181 Foxlin Jul 2008 B2
7398151 Burrell et al. Jul 2008 B1
7408453 Breed Aug 2008 B2
7414611 Liberty Aug 2008 B2
7419428 Rowe Sep 2008 B2
7424388 Sato Sep 2008 B2
7428499 Philyaw Sep 2008 B1
7435179 Ford Oct 2008 B1
7441151 Whitten et al. Oct 2008 B2
7442108 Ganz Oct 2008 B2
7445550 Barney et al. Nov 2008 B2
7465212 Ganz Dec 2008 B2
7488231 Weston Feb 2009 B2
7488254 Himoto Feb 2009 B2
7489299 Liberty et al. Feb 2009 B2
7492268 Ferguson et al. Feb 2009 B2
7492367 Mahajan et al. Feb 2009 B2
7500917 Barney et al. Mar 2009 B2
7502759 Hannigan et al. Mar 2009 B2
7519537 Rosenberg Apr 2009 B2
7524246 Briggs et al. Apr 2009 B2
7535456 Liberty et al. May 2009 B2
7536156 Tischer May 2009 B2
7556563 Ellis et al. Jul 2009 B2
7564426 Poor Jul 2009 B2
7568289 Burlingham et al. Aug 2009 B2
7572191 Weston et al. Aug 2009 B2
7582016 Suzuki Sep 2009 B2
7596466 Ohta Sep 2009 B2
7614958 Weston et al. Nov 2009 B2
7623115 Marks Nov 2009 B2
7627139 Marks Dec 2009 B2
7627451 Vock et al. Dec 2009 B2
7629886 Steeves Dec 2009 B2
7645178 Trotto et al. Jan 2010 B1
7662015 Hui Feb 2010 B2
7663509 Shen Feb 2010 B2
7674184 Briggs et al. Mar 2010 B2
7704135 Harrison Apr 2010 B2
7704146 Ellis Apr 2010 B2
7727090 Gant Jun 2010 B2
7749089 Briggs et al. Jul 2010 B1
7774155 Sato et al. Aug 2010 B2
7775882 Kawamura et al. Aug 2010 B2
7775884 McCauley Aug 2010 B1
7789741 Fields Sep 2010 B1
7796116 Salsman et al. Sep 2010 B2
7828295 Matsumoto et al. Nov 2010 B2
7850527 Barney et al. Dec 2010 B2
7862428 Borge Jan 2011 B2
7878905 Weston et al. Feb 2011 B2
7883420 Bradbury Feb 2011 B2
7896742 Weston et al. Mar 2011 B2
7927216 Ikeda Apr 2011 B2
7942745 Ikeda May 2011 B2
7989971 Lemieux Aug 2011 B2
8021239 Weston et al. Sep 2011 B2
8025573 Stenton et al. Sep 2011 B2
8033901 Wood Oct 2011 B2
8089458 Barney et al. Jan 2012 B2
8164567 Barney et al. Apr 2012 B1
8169406 Barney et al. May 2012 B2
8184097 Barney et al. May 2012 B1
8206223 Marans et al. Jun 2012 B2
8226493 Briggs et al. Jul 2012 B2
8248367 Barney et al. Aug 2012 B1
8287372 Hong et al. Oct 2012 B2
8287373 Marks et al. Oct 2012 B2
8330284 Weston et al. Dec 2012 B2
8342929 Briggs et al. Jan 2013 B2
8368648 Barney et al. Feb 2013 B2
8373659 Barney et al. Feb 2013 B2
8384668 Barney et al. Feb 2013 B2
8439757 Hornsby et al. May 2013 B2
8469766 Zheng Jun 2013 B2
8475275 Weston et al. Jul 2013 B2
8491389 Weston et al. Jul 2013 B2
8531050 Barney et al. Sep 2013 B2
8535153 Bradbury et al. Sep 2013 B2
8545335 Fiegener et al. Oct 2013 B2
8550916 Raynal Oct 2013 B2
8602857 Morichau-Beauchant et al. Dec 2013 B2
8608535 Weston et al. Dec 2013 B2
8686579 Barney et al. Apr 2014 B2
8702515 Weston et al. Apr 2014 B2
8708821 Barney et al. Apr 2014 B2
8711094 Barney et al. Apr 2014 B2
8753165 Weston Jun 2014 B2
8758136 Briggs et al. Jun 2014 B2
8790180 Barney et al. Jul 2014 B2
8795079 Penzias, III Aug 2014 B2
8814688 Barney et al. Aug 2014 B2
8827810 Weston et al. Sep 2014 B2
8834271 Ikeda Sep 2014 B2
8870655 Ikeda Oct 2014 B2
8888576 Briggs et al. Nov 2014 B2
8894462 Leyland et al. Nov 2014 B2
8913011 Barney et al. Dec 2014 B2
8915785 Barney et al. Dec 2014 B2
8961260 Weston Feb 2015 B2
8961312 Barney et al. Feb 2015 B2
9039533 Barney et al. May 2015 B2
9138650 Barney et al. Sep 2015 B2
9149717 Barney et al. Oct 2015 B2
9162148 Barney et al. Oct 2015 B2
9162149 Weston et al. Oct 2015 B2
9180378 Reiche Nov 2015 B2
9186585 Briggs et al. Nov 2015 B2
9272206 Weston et al. Mar 2016 B2
9320976 Weston Apr 2016 B2
9393491 Barney et al. Jul 2016 B2
9393500 Barney et al. Jul 2016 B2
9446319 Barney et al. Sep 2016 B2
9463380 Weston et al. Oct 2016 B2
9468854 Briggs et al. Oct 2016 B2
9474962 Barney et al. Oct 2016 B2
9480929 Weston Nov 2016 B2
9579568 Barney et al. Feb 2017 B2
9616334 Weston et al. Apr 2017 B2
9675878 Barney et al. Jun 2017 B2
9707478 Barney et al. Jul 2017 B2
9713766 Barney et al. Jul 2017 B2
9731194 Briggs et al. Aug 2017 B2
9737797 Barney et al. Aug 2017 B2
9770652 Barney et al. Sep 2017 B2
9770653 Hansson et al. Sep 2017 B2
9814973 Barney et al. Nov 2017 B2
9861887 Briggs et al. Jan 2018 B1
9931578 Weston Apr 2018 B2
9993724 Barney et al. Jun 2018 B2
10010790 Weston et al. Jul 2018 B2
10022624 Barney et al. Jul 2018 B2
20010010514 Ishino Aug 2001 A1
20010015123 Nishitani et al. Aug 2001 A1
20010018361 Acres Aug 2001 A1
20010021950 Hawley Sep 2001 A1
20010024973 Meredith Sep 2001 A1
20010031652 Gabai et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010031662 Larian Oct 2001 A1
20010039206 Peppel Nov 2001 A1
20010040591 Abbott et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010049302 Hagiwara et al. Dec 2001 A1
20010054082 Rudolph et al. Dec 2001 A1
20020005787 Gabai et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020024500 Howard Feb 2002 A1
20020024675 Foxlin Feb 2002 A1
20020028071 Molgaard Mar 2002 A1
20020028710 Ishihara et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032067 Barney Mar 2002 A1
20020036617 Pryor Mar 2002 A1
20020038267 Can et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020052238 Muroi May 2002 A1
20020058459 Holt May 2002 A1
20020062251 Anandan et al. May 2002 A1
20020068500 Gabai et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072418 Masuyama Jun 2002 A1
20020075335 Relimoto Jun 2002 A1
20020077180 Swanberg et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020077182 Swanberg et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020090985 Tochner et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020090992 Legge et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020098887 Himoto et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020103026 Himoto et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020107069 Ishino Aug 2002 A1
20020107591 Gabai et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116615 Nguyen et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020118147 Solomon Aug 2002 A1
20020123377 Shulman Sep 2002 A1
20020126026 Lee et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128056 Kato Sep 2002 A1
20020137427 Peters Sep 2002 A1
20020137567 Cheng Sep 2002 A1
20020140745 Ellenby Oct 2002 A1
20020158751 Bormaster Oct 2002 A1
20020158843 Levine Oct 2002 A1
20020183961 French et al. Dec 2002 A1
20030001016 Fraier Jan 2003 A1
20030013513 Rowe Jan 2003 A1
20030022736 Cass Jan 2003 A1
20030027634 Matthews, III Feb 2003 A1
20030036425 Kaminkow et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037075 Hannigan Feb 2003 A1
20030038778 Noguera Feb 2003 A1
20030040347 Roach et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030052860 Park et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030057808 Lee et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030060286 Walker et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030063068 Anton Apr 2003 A1
20030063139 Hohberger Apr 2003 A1
20030064812 Rappaport et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030069077 Korienek Apr 2003 A1
20030073505 Tracy Apr 2003 A1
20030095101 Jou May 2003 A1
20030096652 Siegel et al. May 2003 A1
20030107551 Dunker Jun 2003 A1
20030114233 Hiei Jun 2003 A1
20030134679 Siegel et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030144047 Sprogis Jul 2003 A1
20030144056 Leifer et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030149803 Wilson et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030166416 Ogata Sep 2003 A1
20030171145 Rowe Sep 2003 A1
20030171190 Rice Sep 2003 A1
20030190967 Henry Oct 2003 A1
20030193572 Wilson et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195037 Vuong et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195041 McCauley Oct 2003 A1
20030195046 Bartsch Oct 2003 A1
20030204361 Townsend Oct 2003 A1
20030214259 Dowling et al. Nov 2003 A9
20030216176 Shimizu Nov 2003 A1
20030222851 Lai Dec 2003 A1
20030234914 Solomon Dec 2003 A1
20040028258 Naimark Feb 2004 A1
20040034289 Teller et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040043806 Kirby et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040048666 Bagley Mar 2004 A1
20040054900 He Mar 2004 A1
20040063480 Wang Apr 2004 A1
20040070564 Dawson Apr 2004 A1
20040075650 Paul Apr 2004 A1
20040081313 McKnight et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040095317 Zhang May 2004 A1
20040102247 Smoot et al. May 2004 A1
20040119693 Kaemmler Jun 2004 A1
20040121834 Libby et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040134341 Sandoz Jul 2004 A1
20040140954 Faeth Jul 2004 A1
20040143413 Oystol Jul 2004 A1
20040147317 Ito et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040152499 Lind et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040152515 Wegmuller et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040152520 Shinoda Aug 2004 A1
20040174287 Deak Sep 2004 A1
20040193413 Wilson Sep 2004 A1
20040198158 Driscoll Oct 2004 A1
20040203638 Chan Oct 2004 A1
20040207597 Marks Oct 2004 A1
20040214642 Beck Oct 2004 A1
20040218104 Smith Nov 2004 A1
20040222969 Buchenrieder Nov 2004 A1
20040227725 Calarco Nov 2004 A1
20040229693 Lind Nov 2004 A1
20040229696 Beck Nov 2004 A1
20040236453 Szoboszlay Nov 2004 A1
20040239626 Noguera Dec 2004 A1
20040252109 Trent et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254020 Dragusin Dec 2004 A1
20040259465 Wright et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040259651 Storek Dec 2004 A1
20040268393 Hunleth Dec 2004 A1
20050017454 Endo et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050020369 Davis Jan 2005 A1
20050032582 Mahajan et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050047621 Cranfill Mar 2005 A1
20050054457 Eyestone Mar 2005 A1
20050059488 Larsen et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050059503 Briggs et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050060586 Burger et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050070359 Rodriquez et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050076161 Albanna Apr 2005 A1
20050085298 Woolston Apr 2005 A1
20050110751 Wilson et al. May 2005 A1
20050116020 Smolucha et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125826 Hunleth Jun 2005 A1
20050127868 Calhoon et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050130739 Argentar Jun 2005 A1
20050134555 Liao Jun 2005 A1
20050138851 Ingraselino Jun 2005 A1
20050156883 Wilson et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050162389 Obermeyer Jul 2005 A1
20050164601 McEachen et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050170889 Lum et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050172734 Alsio Aug 2005 A1
20050174324 Liberty Aug 2005 A1
20050176485 Ueshima Aug 2005 A1
20050179644 Alsio Aug 2005 A1
20050202866 Luciano et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050210418 Marvit Sep 2005 A1
20050210419 Kela Sep 2005 A1
20050212749 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212750 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212751 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212752 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212753 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212754 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212755 Marvit Sep 2005 A1
20050212756 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212757 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212758 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212759 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212760 Marvit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050212764 Toba Sep 2005 A1
20050212767 Marvit Sep 2005 A1
20050215295 Arneson Sep 2005 A1
20050215322 Himoto et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050217525 McClure Oct 2005 A1
20050227579 Yamaguchi et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050233808 Himoto et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050239548 Ueshima et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050243061 Liberty et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050243062 Liberty Nov 2005 A1
20050253806 Liberty et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050256675 Kurata Nov 2005 A1
20050277465 Whitten et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050278741 Robarts Dec 2005 A1
20060003843 Kobayashi et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060007115 Furuhashi Jan 2006 A1
20060009270 Kobayash et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060028446 Liberty Feb 2006 A1
20060040720 Harrison Feb 2006 A1
20060046849 Kovacs Mar 2006 A1
20060092133 Touma May 2006 A1
20060094502 Katayama et al. May 2006 A1
20060122474 Teller et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060123146 Wu et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060148563 Yang Jul 2006 A1
20060152487 Grunnet-Jepsen Jul 2006 A1
20060152488 Salsman Jul 2006 A1
20060152489 Sweetser Jul 2006 A1
20060178212 Penzias Aug 2006 A1
20060205507 Ho Sep 2006 A1
20060231794 Sakaguchi et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060246403 Monpouet et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060252475 Zalewski et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060252477 Zalewski et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060256081 Zalewski et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060258452 Hsu Nov 2006 A1
20060264258 Zalewski et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060264260 Zalewski et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060267935 Corson Nov 2006 A1
20060273907 Heiman Dec 2006 A1
20060282873 Zalewski et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060284842 Poltorak Dec 2006 A1
20060287085 Mao Dec 2006 A1
20060287086 Zalewski et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060287087 Zalewski et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070015588 Matsumoto et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070021208 Mao et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070049374 Ikeda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050597 Ikeda Mar 2007 A1
20070052177 Ikeda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060391 Ikeda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070066394 Ikeda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070072680 Ikeda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070082720 Bradbury et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070087837 Bradbury et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070087838 Bradbury et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070087839 Bradbury et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070091084 Ueshima et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093170 Zheng Apr 2007 A1
20070093291 Hulvey Apr 2007 A1
20070093293 Osnato Apr 2007 A1
20070100696 Illingworth May 2007 A1
20070159362 Shen Jul 2007 A1
20070173705 Teller et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070252815 Kuo Nov 2007 A1
20070257884 Taira Nov 2007 A1
20070265075 Zalewski Nov 2007 A1
20070265076 Lin Nov 2007 A1
20070265088 Nakada et al. Nov 2007 A1
20080015017 Ashida et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080039202 Sawano et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080119270 Ohta May 2008 A1
20080121782 Hotelling et al. May 2008 A1
20080174550 Laurila Jul 2008 A1
20080216765 Kates Sep 2008 A1
20080273011 Lin Nov 2008 A1
20080278445 Sweester Nov 2008 A1
20090009294 Kupstas Jan 2009 A1
20090033621 Quinn Feb 2009 A1
20090080524 Fujisawa et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090137323 Fiegener et al. May 2009 A1
20090203446 Bradbury et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090215534 Wilson et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090273560 Kalanithi et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090326851 Tanenhaus Dec 2009 A1
20100105475 Mikhailov Apr 2010 A1
20100144436 Marks et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100289744 Cohen Nov 2010 A1
20110081969 Ikeda Apr 2011 A1
20110177853 Ueshima Jul 2011 A1
20110190052 Takeda Aug 2011 A1
20120295699 Reiche Nov 2012 A1
20120295703 Reiche et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120295704 Reiche Nov 2012 A1
20130116051 Barney et al. May 2013 A1
20140100029 Reiche et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140323221 Ikeda Oct 2014 A1
20150038229 Reiche et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150165316 Barney et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150174479 Reiche et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150360125 Barney et al. Dec 2015 A1
20160067600 Barney et al. Mar 2016 A1
20170340961 Weston et al. Nov 2017 A1
20170348593 Barney et al. Dec 2017 A1
20170361236 Barney et al. Dec 2017 A1
20180078853 Barney et al. Mar 2018 A1
20180214769 Briggs et al. Aug 2018 A1
20180318723 Weston Nov 2018 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (174)
Number Date Country
1032246 Apr 1989 CN
2113224 Feb 1992 CN
1338961 Mar 2002 CN
1559644 Jan 2005 CN
3930581 Mar 1991 DE
19701374 Jul 1997 DE
19632273 Feb 1998 DE
19648487 Jun 1998 DE
19814254 Oct 1998 DE
19937307 Feb 2000 DE
10029173 Jan 2002 DE
10219198 Nov 2003 DE
0 264 782 Apr 1988 EP
0 570 999 Dec 1988 EP
0 322 825 Jul 1989 EP
0 695 565 Feb 1996 EP
0 835 676 Apr 1998 EP
0 848 226 Jun 1998 EP
0 852 961 Jul 1998 EP
1 062 994 Dec 2000 EP
1 279 425 Jan 2003 EP
1 293 237 Mar 2003 EP
0 993 845 Dec 2005 EP
2547093 Dec 1984 FR
1524334 Sep 1978 GB
2244546 Dec 1991 GB
2284478 Jun 1995 GB
2307133 May 1997 GB
2310481 Aug 1997 GB
2316482 Feb 1998 GB
2319374 May 1998 GB
2325558 Nov 1998 GB
2388418 Nov 2003 GB
62-14527 Jan 1987 JP
63-174681 Jul 1988 JP
63-186687 Aug 1988 JP
03-210622 Sep 1991 JP
06-050758 Feb 1994 JP
6154422 Jun 1994 JP
06-198075 Jul 1994 JP
6190144 Jul 1994 JP
H0677387 Oct 1994 JP
06-308879 Nov 1994 JP
07-028591 Jan 1995 JP
07-044315 Feb 1995 JP
07-107573 Apr 1995 JP
07-115690 May 1995 JP
07-146123 Jun 1995 JP
07-200142 Aug 1995 JP
07-211196 Aug 1995 JP
07-248723 Sep 1995 JP
07-262797 Oct 1995 JP
07-302148 Nov 1995 JP
07-318332 Dec 1995 JP
871252 Mar 1996 JP
08-095704 Apr 1996 JP
08-106352 Apr 1996 JP
08-111144 Apr 1996 JP
08-114415 May 1996 JP
08-122070 May 1996 JP
08-152959 Jun 1996 JP
08-191953 Jul 1996 JP
08-196742 Aug 1996 JP
08-211993 Aug 1996 JP
08-221187 Aug 1996 JP
08-305355 Nov 1996 JP
08-335136 Dec 1996 JP
09-034456 Feb 1997 JP
09-149915 Jun 1997 JP
09-164273 Jun 1997 JP
09-225137 Sep 1997 JP
09-230997 Sep 1997 JP
09-237087 Sep 1997 JP
09-274534 Oct 1997 JP
09-319510 Dec 1997 JP
10-021000 Jan 1998 JP
10-033831 Feb 1998 JP
10-043349 Feb 1998 JP
10-099542 Apr 1998 JP
10-154038 Jun 1998 JP
10-235019 Sep 1998 JP
10-254614 Sep 1998 JP
11-053994 Feb 1999 JP
11-099284 Apr 1999 JP
2000-176150 Jun 2000 JP
2000-208756 Jul 2000 JP
2000-225269 Aug 2000 JP
2000-254346 Sep 2000 JP
2000-270237 Sep 2000 JP
2000-300839 Oct 2000 JP
2000-308756 Nov 2000 JP
2000-325653 Nov 2000 JP
3074434 Jan 2001 JP
2001-038052 Feb 2001 JP
2001-058484 Mar 2001 JP
2001-104643 Apr 2001 JP
U20009165 Apr 2001 JP
2001-175412 Jun 2001 JP
3078268 Jun 2001 JP
2001-251324 Sep 2001 JP
2001-265521 Sep 2001 JP
2001-306245 Nov 2001 JP
2002-007057 Jan 2002 JP
2002-062981 Feb 2002 JP
2002-78969 Mar 2002 JP
2002-082751 Mar 2002 JP
2002-091692 Mar 2002 JP
2002-126375 May 2002 JP
2002-136694 May 2002 JP
2002-153673 May 2002 JP
2002-202843 Jul 2002 JP
2002-224444 Aug 2002 JP
2002-232549 Aug 2002 JP
2002-233665 Aug 2002 JP
2002-298145 Oct 2002 JP
2003-053038 Feb 2003 JP
2003-140823 May 2003 JP
2003-208263 Jul 2003 JP
2003 236246 Aug 2003 JP
2003-325974 Nov 2003 JP
2004-062774 Feb 2004 JP
2004-313429 Nov 2004 JP
2004-313492 Nov 2004 JP
2005-040493 Feb 2005 JP
2005-063230 Mar 2005 JP
2006-113019 Apr 2006 JP
2006-136694 Jun 2006 JP
2006-216569 Aug 2006 JP
2007-083024 Apr 2007 JP
4043702 Feb 2008 JP
9300171 Aug 1994 NL
2077358 Apr 1997 RU
2125853 Feb 1999 RU
2126161 Feb 1999 RU
2141738 Nov 1999 RU
WO 1990007961 Jul 1990 WO
WO 1994002931 Mar 1994 WO
WO 199511730 May 1995 WO
WO 1996005766 Feb 1996 WO
WO 1996013951 May 1996 WO
WO 1996014115 May 1996 WO
WO 1996014121 May 1996 WO
WO 1997009101 Mar 1997 WO
WO 1997012337 Apr 1997 WO
WO 1997017598 May 1997 WO
WO 1997020305 Jun 1997 WO
WO 1997028864 Aug 1997 WO
WO 1997032641 Sep 1997 WO
WO 1998011528 Mar 1998 WO
WO 1998036400 Aug 1998 WO
WO 1999058214 Nov 1999 WO
WO 2000033168 Jun 2000 WO
WO 2000035345 Jun 2000 WO
WO 2000061251 Oct 2000 WO
WO 2000063874 Oct 2000 WO
WO 2000067863 Nov 2000 WO
WO 2001046916 Jun 2001 WO
WO 2001087426 Nov 2001 WO
WO 2001091042 Nov 2001 WO
WO 2002017054 Feb 2002 WO
WO 2002034345 May 2002 WO
WO 2002047013 Jun 2002 WO
WO 2003015005 Feb 2003 WO
WO 2003043709 May 2003 WO
WO 2003044743 May 2003 WO
WO 2003088147 Oct 2003 WO
WO 2003107260 Dec 2003 WO
WO 2004039055 May 2004 WO
WO 2004051391 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004087271 Oct 2004 WO
WO 2006039339 Apr 2006 WO
WO 2006101880 Sep 2006 WO
WO 2007058996 May 2007 WO
WO 2007120880 Oct 2007 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (425)
Entry
Tag-itTM Inlays by Texas Instruments, Product Bulletin, Copyright 2000 Texas Instruments Incorporated, Data sheet May 2000, 2 Pages.
Texas Instruments, 23-mm Glass encapsulated Transponder, Regerence Guide, Jul. 1996, 22 Pages.
“HyperScan”, release date Oct. 2006. Source http://www.giantbomb.com/hyperscan/3045-1 041.
“Smart Card News Online”, published Oct. 25, 2006, source www.smartcard.co.ukINOLARCH/2006/October/251006.html.
“Emerald Forest Toys” [online] [retrieved on Sep. 14, 2005], retrieved from Internet <URL:http://www.pathworks.net/print_eft.html>.
“Gatemaster Features”, “Gatemaster Main Screen”, “Gatemaster: So You're a Computer Geek eh?”, and “Gatemaster Pricing” by Gate Master Management System, internet article, Jul. 9, 1997; http://web.archive.org/web/19970709135000/www.gatemaster.com/gmfeat.htm (accessed on Dec. 11, 2008).
“Ollivanders: Makers of Fine Wands.” Dec. 2, 2002. [online] [retrieved on Mar. 30, 2005], Retrieved from Internet (URL:http//www.cim.mcgill.edu/!jer/courses/hci/assignments/2002/www.ece.mcgill.ca/%7Euryd).
23-mm Glass Encapsulated Transponder, Reference Guide, Texas Instruments, Jul. 1996, 22 pages.
International Preliminary Examination Report, International App. No. PCT/US00/09482; dated Apr. 24, 2001; 4 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion, International App. No. PCT/US04/08912; dated Aug. 26, 2004.
International Search Report and Written Opinion, International App. No. PCT/US05/34831; dated Jul. 2, 2008; 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion; International Appl. No. PCT/US2006/043915; dated Mar. 9, 2007; 8 pages.
Laser Tag: General info: History of Laser Tag, http://lasertag.org/general/history.html (accessed on Mar. 13, 2008; historical dates start on Mar. 1984).
Laser Tag: Laser Tag Branded Gear; last update Sep. 26, 2006, http://home.comcast.net/˜ferret1963/Laser_Tag_Brand.HTML (accessed on Mar. 13, 2008; historical dates start in 1986).
Mattern, “State of the Art and Future Trends in Distributed Systems and Ubiquitous Computing”, published on or before Aug. 31, 2000 and printed from URL < http://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/publ/papers/DisSysUbiComp Report.pdf >, 14 pages.
Owl Magic Wand & Owl Magic Orb Raving Toy Maniac, Nov. 19, 2001. [online] [retrieved on Mar. 30, 2005], Retrieved from the Internet (URL:http://www.toymania.com/news/messages/1358.shtml).
Tag-it™ Inlays by Texas Instruments, Product Bulletin, Copyright 2000 Texas Instruments Incorporated, Data Sheet May 2000 2 pages.
“Kirby Tilt ‘n’ Tumble 2” http://www.unseen64.net/2008/04/08/koro-koro-kirby-2-kirby-tilt-n-tumble-2-gc-unreleased/, Apr. 8, 2008 (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Boulanger et al., “The 1997 Mathews Radio Baton and Improvisation Modes,” Music Synthesis Department, Berklee College of Music (1997).
Complainants' Petition for Review, dated Sep. 17, 2012.
Complainants' Response to Commission's Request for Statements on the Public Interest, dated Oct. 10, 2012.
Complainants' Response to Respondents' Petition for Review, dated Sep. 25, 2012.
Creative Kingdoms LLC v. ITC, The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, No. 2014-1072, dated Dec. 19, 2014.
Exintaris, et al., “Ollivander's Magic Wands : HCI Development,” available at http://www.cim.mcgill.ca/˜jer/courses/hci/project/2002/www.ece.mcgill.ca/%257Eurydice/hci/notebook/final/MagicWand.pdf (2002).
Expert Report of Branimir R. Vojcic, Ph.D. on Behalf of Complainants Creative Kingdoms, LLC and New Kingdoms, LLC, dated Nov. 17, 2011.
Expert Report of Kenneth Holt on Behalf of Respondents Nintendo of America, Inc. and Nintendo Co., Ltd., dated Nov. 3, 2011.
Expert Report of Nathaniel Polish, Ph.D. on Behalf of Respondents Nintendo of America, Inc. and Nintendo Co., Ltd., dated Nov. 3, 2011.
IGN Article—Mad Catz Rumble Rod Controller, Aug. 20, 1999.
Initial Determination on Violation of Section 337 and Recommended Determination on Remedy and Bond, dated Aug. 31, 2012.
Marrin, Teresa, “Toward an Understanding of Musical Gesture: Mapping Expressive Intention with the Digital Baton,” Masters Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts and Sciences (1996).
Nintendo N64 Controller Pak Instruction Booklet, 1997.
Paradiso, et al., “Musical Applications of Electric Field Sensing”, available at http://pubs.media.mit.edu/pubs/papers/96_04_cmj.pdf (1996).
Paradiso, Joseph A., “The Brain Opera Technology: New Instruments and Gestural Sensors for Musical Interaction and Performance” (Nov. 1998) (electronic copy available at http://pubs.media.mit.edu/pubs/papers/98_3_JNMR_Brain_Opera.pdf).
Petition of the Office of Unfair Import Investigations for Review-In-Part of the Final Initial Determination, dated Sep. 17, 2012.
Pre-Hearing Statement of Complainants Creative Kingdoms, LLC and New Kingdoms, LLC, dated Jan. 13, 2012.
Public Version of Commission Opinion from United States International Trade Commission, dated Oct. 28, 2013.
Respondents Nintendo Co., Ltd. and Nintendo of America Inc.'s Contingent Petition for Review of Initial Determination, dated Sep. 17, 2012.
Respondents Nintendo Co., Ltd. and Nintendo of America Inc.'s Objections and Supplemental Responses to Complainants Creative Kingdoms, LLC and New Kingdoms, LLC's Interrogatory Nos. 35, 44, 47, 53, and 78, dated Oct. 13, 2011.
Respondents Nintendo Co., Ltd. and Nintendo of America Inc.'s Response to Complainants' and Staff's Petitions for Review, dated Sep. 25, 2012.
Response of the Office of Unfair Import Investigations to the Petitions for Review, dated Sep. 25, 2012.
Response to Office Action dated Sep. 18, 2009 for U.S. Appl. No. 11/404,844.
Specification of the Bluetooth System—Core v1.0b, Dec. 1, 1999.
Verplaetse,“Inertial Proprioceptive Devices: Self-Motion Sensing Toys and Tools,” IBM Systems Journal, vol. 35, Nos. 3&4 (Sep. 1996).
“At-home fishing”, http://www.virtualpet.com/vp/media/fishing/homef.jpg (accessed on Jan. 14, 2010).
“Coleco Vision: Super Action™ Controller Set,” www.vintagecomputing.com/wp-content/images/retroscan/coleco_sac_1_large.jpg. (downloaded from Internet on Sep. 2, 2011; available at http://www.vintagecomputing.com on Sep. 4, 2006).
“Controllers—Atari Space Age Joystick,” AtariAge: Have You Played Atari Today? www.atariage.com/controller_page.html?SystemID=2600& ControllerID-12., Sep. 1, 2006.
“Controllers—BoosterGrip,” AtariAge: Have You Played Atari Today? www.atariage.com/controller_page.html?SystemID=2600& ControllerID=18., (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011; allegedly available as early as Sep. 1, 2006).
“Electronic Plastic: BANDAI—Power Fishing” “Power Fishing Company: BANDAI,” 1 page, http://www.handhelden.com/Bandai/ PowerFishing.html., 1984 (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
“Game Controller” Wikipedia, Jan. 5, 2005.
“Get Bass,” Videogame by Sega, The International Arcade Museum and the KLOV (accessed at http://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?game_id=7933 on Jul. 29, 2011).
“Glove-based input interfaces” Cyberglove/Cyberforce, http://www.angelfire.com/ca7/mellott124/glovel.htm (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
“Harry Potter Magic Spell Challenge,” Tiger Electronics, 2001.
“Imp Coexists With Your Mouse,” Byte, p. 255, Jan. 1994.
Kirby Tilt ‘n’ Tumble (GCN-GBA Spaceworld 2001, You Tube Video, uploaded by adonfjv on Sep. 5, 2006 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rLhlwp2iGk on Sep. 7, 2011; digital video available upon request).
“MEMS enable smart golf clubs,” Small Times, Jan. 6, 2005, accessed at http://dpwsa.electroiq.com/index/display/semiconductors-article-display/269788/articles/small-times/consumer/2005/01/mems-enable-smart-golf-clubs.html on Jul. 29, 2011.
“Miacomet and Interact Announce Agreement to Launch Line of Real Feel™ Sport Controllers”, PR Newswire (May 13, 1999), accessed at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=54621351 on Sep. 7, 2011.
“The N.I.C.E. Project,” YouTube video uploaded by evltube on Nov. 20, 2007 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihGXa21qLms on Sep. 8, 2011; digital video available upon request).
“212 Series Encoders” HT12A/HT12E by HOLTEK—Product Specification, Apr. 2000.
“212 Series of Decoders” HT12D/HT12F by HOLTEK—Product Specification, Nov. 2002.
“ASCII Entertainment releases the Grip,” ASCII Entertainment Software—Press News—Coming Soon Magazine, May 1997 (electronic version accessed at http://www.csoon.com/issue25/p_ascii4.htm on Sep. 6, 2011).
“Enchanted Spell-Casting Sorcerers Wand” by Ken Holt as featured on www.inventionconnection.com online advertisement, Dec. 2002.
“Interview with Pat Goschy, the “Real” Nintendo Wii Inventor,” YouTube video uploaded by agbulls on Jan. 14, 2008 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKtZysYGDLE on Feb. 11, 2011; digital video available upon request).
“Micro Tilt Switch” D6B by Omron® Product Specification, Jan. 2007.
“Nintendo Wii Controller Invented by Americans: Midway Velocity Controller Technology Brief,” You Tube Video presentation dated Jun. 28, 2000; uploaded by drjohniefever on Sep. 8, 2007 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjLhSrSxFNw on Jun. 30, 2010; digital video available upon request).
“Raise High the 3D Roof Beam: Kids shape these PC games as they go along.” by Anne Field, article as featured in Business Week 2001. (Nov. 26, 2001).
“Serial-in Parallel-out Shift Register” SN54/74LS164 by Motorola—Product Specification, Fifth Edition, 1992.
“Sony PS2 Motion Controller 5 years ago (2004),” YouTube Video uploaded by r1oot on Jul. 8, 2009 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbSzmRt7HhQ&feature=related on Sep. 6, 2011; digital video available upon request).
“The Big Ideas Behind Nintendo's Wii,” Business Week, Nov. 16, 2006 (accessed at http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/nov2006/tc20061116_750580.htm on Aug. 31, 2011).
“The Magic Labs Conjure Wands” as featured on www.magic-lab.com Product Specification, Dec. 2002.
“Tilt Switch” by Fuji & Co. as featured on www.fuji-piezo.com online advertisement, May 2001.
“Toy Wand Manufacturer Selects MEMSIC Sensor: Magic Labs cuts costs with MEMSIC sensor” Press Release by MEMSIC, Inc. as featured on www.memsic.com, May 2002.
“Wii Mailbag,” IGN.com, Jan. 26, 2006 (accessed at http://uk.wii.ign.com/mail/2006-01-26.html on Aug. 31, 2011).
Acar, et al., “Experimental evaluation and comparative analysis of commercial variable-capacitance MEMS accelerometers,” Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 13 (1), pp. 634-645, May 2003.
Achenbach, “Golfs New Measuring Stick,” Golfweek, 1 page., Jun. 11, 2005.
ACT LABS, Miacomet Background, Jan. 27, 2001, http://web.archive.org/web/200101271753/http://www.act-labs.com/ realfeel_background.htm, (accessed on Sep. 7, 2011).
Agard, “Advances in Strapdown Inertial Systems,” Agard Lecture Series No. 133, Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, Neuilly-Sur-Seine (France) May 1984.
AirPad Controller Manual, (AirPad Corp. 2000).
Airpad Motion Reflex Controller for Sony Playstation—Physical Product, (AirPad Corp. 2000).
Algrain, “Estimation of 3-D Angular Motion Using Gyroscopes and Linear Accelerometers,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 27, No. 6, pp. 910-920, Nov. 1991.
Algrain, et al., “Accelerometer Based Line-of-Sight Stabilization Approach for Pointing and Tracking System,” Second IEEE Conference on Control Applications, Sep. 13-16, 1993 Vancouver, B.C., pp. 159-163 Sep. 13-16, 1993.
Algrain, et al., “Interlaced Kalman Filtering of 3-D Angular Motion Based on Euler's Nonlinear Equations,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 30, No. 1, Jan. 1994.
Allen, et al., “A General Method for Comparing the Expected Performance of Tracing and Motion Capture Systems,” {VRST} '05: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, Nov. 7-9, 2005 Monterey, California Nov. 7-9, 2005.
Allen, et al., “Tracking: Beyond 15 Minutes of Thought,” SIGGRAPH 2001 Course 11, Aug. 2001.
Analog Devices “ADXL202E Low-Cost .+−.2 g Dual-Axis Accelerometer with Duty Cycle Output” Data Sheet, Rev. A, Oct. 2000.
Analog Devices “ADXL330 Small, Low Power, 3-Axis ±2 g MEMS Accelerometer” Data Sheet, Rev. PrA Oct. 2005.
Analog Devices “ADXL50 Monolithic Accelerometer with Signal Conditioning” Data Sheet Mar. 1996.
Analog Devices “ADXRS150±150°/s Single Chip Yaw Rate Gyro with Signal Conditioning” Data Sheet, Rev. B, Mar. 2004.
Analog Devices “ADXRS401 ±75°/s Single Chip Yaw Rate Gyro with Signal Conditioning” Data Sheet, Rev. O, Jul. 2004.
Analog Devices “MicroConverter®, Multichannel 12-Bit ADC with Embedded Flash MCU, ADuC812” Data Sheet (Feb. 2003), available at http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/ADUC812.pdf.
Analog Devices, “ADXL150/ADXL250, ±5g to ±50g, Low Noise, Low Power, Single/Dual Axis MEMS® Accelerometers,” Data Sheet, Rev. 0 (Apr. 1998).
Ang, et al., “Design and Implementation of Active Error Canceling in Hand-held Microsurgical Instrument,” Paper presented at 2001 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (Oct./Nov. 2001).
Ang, et al., “Design of All-Accelerometer Inertial Measurement Unit for Tremor Sensing in Hand-held Microsurgical Instrument,” Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, Sep. 14-19, 2003, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 1781-1786, Sep. 14-19, 2003.
Apostolyuk, Vladislav, “Theory and Design of Micromechanical Vibratory Gyroscopes,” MEMS/NEMS Handbook, Springer, vol. 1, pp. 173-195 (May 2006).
Ascension Technology, 6D Bird Class B Installation and Operation Guide, Apr. 30, 2003.
ASCII, picture of one-handed controller, 2 pages, Feb. 6, 2006.
Ator, “Image-Velocity Sensing with Parallel-Slit Reticles,” Journal of the Optical Society of America, vol. 53, No. 12, pp. 1416-1422, Dec. 1963.
Azarbayejani, et al, “Real-Time 3-D Tracking of the Human Body,” M.I.T. Media Laboratory Perceptual Computing Section Technical Report No. 374, Appears in Proceedings of Image'Com 96, Bordeaux, France, May 1996.
Azarbayejani, et al., “Visually Controlled Graphics,” M.I.T. Media Laboratory Perceptual Computing Section Technical Report No. 374, Appears in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 602-605, Jun. 1993.
Azuma et al., “Improving Static and Dynamic Registration in an Optical See-Through HMD,” Paper Presented at SIGGRAPH '94 Annual Conference in Orlando, FL, Mar. 1994.
Azuma, “Predictive Tracking for Augmented Reality,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Computer Science, Feb. 1995.
Azuma, et al., “A Frequency-Domain Analysis of Head-Motion Prediction,” Paper Presented at SIGGRAPH '95 Annual Conference in Los Angeles, CA, Feb. 1995.
Azuma, et al., “A motion-stabilized outdoor augmented reality system,” Proceedings of IEEE Virtual Reality '99, Houston, TX, Mar. 13-17, 1999, pp. 252-259.
Azuma, et al., “Making Augmented Reality Work Outdoors Requires Hybrid Tracking,”Proceedings of the International Workshop on Augmented Reality, San Francisco, CA, Nov. 1, 1998.
Bachmann et al., “Inertial and Magnetic Posture Tracking for Inserting Humans into Networked Virtual Environments,” Virtual Reality Software and Technology archive, Paper Presented at ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology in Banff, Alberta, Canada, Dec. 2000.
Bachmann et al., “Orientation Tracking for Humans and Robots Using Inertial Sensors” Paper Presented at 199 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics & Automation (CIRA '99), Mar. 1999.
Bachmann, “Inertial and Magnetic Angle Tracking of Limb Segments for Inserting Humans into Synthetic Environments,” Dissertation, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA (Dec. 2000).
Badler, et al., “Multi-Dimensional Input Techniques and Articulated Figure Positioning by Multiple Constraints,” Interactive 3D Graphics, Oct. 1986; pp. 151-169.
Baker et al., “Active Multimodal Control of a ‘Floppy’ Telescope Structure,” Proc. SPIE vol. 4825, pp. 74-81 (2002).
Balakrishnan, “The Rockin' Mouse: Integral 3D Manipulation on a Plane,” Published in Proceedings of 1997 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'97), pp. 311-318, Jun. 1997.
Ballagas, et al., “iStuff: A Physical User Interface Toolkit for Ubiquitous Computer Environments,” Paper presented at SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Apr. 2003.
Baraff, “An Introduction to Physically Based Modeling: Rigid Body Simulation I—Unconstrained Rigid Body Dynamics,” SIGGRAPH 97 Course Notes, Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University (Aug. 1997).
Baudisch, et al., “Soap: a Pointing Device that Works in Mid-air,” Proc. UIST'06, Oct. 15-18, 2006, Montreux, Switzerland (Oct. 2006).
BBN Report No. 7661, “Virtual Environment Technology for Training (VETT),” The Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Research Consortium (VETREC), pp. III-A-27 to III-A-40 (Mar. 1992).
Behringer, “Improving the Registration Precision by Visual Horizon Silhouette Matching,” Paper presented at First IEEE Workshop on Augmented Reality (Feb. 1998).
Behringer, “Registration for Outdoor Augmented Reality Applications Using Computer Vision Techniques and Hybrid Sensors,” Paper presented at IEEE Virtual Reality (VR '99) Conference in Houston, TX (Mar. 1999).
BEI GyrochipTM Model QRS11 Data Sheet, BEI Systron Donner Inertial Diision, BEI Technologies, Inc., (Sep. 1998).
Benbasat, “An Inertial Measurement Unit for User Interfaces,” Massachusetts Institute of Technology Masters Thesis, (Sep. 2000).
Benbasat, et al., “An Inertial Measurement Framework for Gesture Recognition and Applications,” Paper Presented at International Gesture Workshop on Gesture and Sign Languages in Human-Computer Interaction (GW '01), London, UK (Sep. 2001).
Bhatnagar, “Position trackers for Head Mounted Display systems: A survey” (Technical Report), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Mar. 1993).
Bianchi, “A Tailless Mouse, New cordless Computer Mouse Invented by ArcanaTech,” Inc.com, Jun. 1, 1992 (accessed at http://www.inc.com/magazine/19920601/4115.html on Jun. 17, 2010).
Bishop, “The Self-Tracker: A Smart Optical Sensor on Silicon,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1984), 65 pages.
Bjork, Staffan et al., “Pirates! Using the Physical World as a Game Board,” Reportedly presented as part of INTERACT 2001: 8th TC.13 IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Tokyo Japan (Jul. 9-13, 2001).
Bluffing Your Way in Pokemon, Oct. 14, 2002, 7 pages.
Bona, et al., “Optimum Reset of Ship's Inertial Navigation System,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Abstract only (1965) (accessed at http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier-AD0908193 on Jun. 17, 2010).
Borenstein, et al., “Where am I? Sensors and Methods for Mobile Robot Positioning” (Apr. 1996).
Borovoy, R. , et al., “Things that Blink: Computationally Augmented Name Tags,” IBM Systems Journal, vol. 35, Nos. 3 & 4, 1996; pp. 488-495 (May 1996).
Borovoy, Richard et al., “Groupware: Nametags That Tell About Relationships,” Chi 98, Apr. 1998, pp. 329-330.
Boser, “3-Axis Accelerometer with Differential Sense Electronics,” Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, available at http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/.about.boser/pdf/3axis.pdf (Feb. 1997).
Boser, “Accelerometer Design Example: Analog Devices XL-05/5,” Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, available at http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/.about.boser/pdf/x105.pdf (1996).
Bowman, et al., “An Introduction to 3-D User Interface Design,” MIT Presence, vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 96-108 (Feb. 2001).
Briefs, (New & Improved), (Brief Article), PC Magazine, Oct. 26, 1993.
Britton et al., “Making Nested Rotations Convenient for the User,” SIGGRAPH '78 Proceedings of the 5th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 222-227 (Aug. 1978).
Britton, “A Methodology for the Ergonomic Design of Interactive Computer Graphic Systems, and its Application to Crystallography” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Dept. of Computer Science (1977).
Brownell, Richard, Review: Peripheral-GameCube-G3 Wireless Controller, gamesarefun.com, Jul. 13, 2003 (accessed at http://www.gamesarefun.com/gamesdb/perireview.php?perireviewid=1 on Jul. 29, 2011).
Buchanan, Levi: “Happy Birthday, Rumble Pak,” IGN.com, Apr. 3, 2008 (accessed at http://retro.ign.com/articles/864/864231p1.html on Jul. 29, 2011).
Business Wire, “Feature/Virtual reality glasses that interface to Sega channel,Time Warner, TCI; project announced concurrent with COMDEX,” Nov. 14, 1994 (accessed at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1994_Nov_14/ai_15923497/?tag=content;col1 on Jul. 7, 2010).
Business Wire, “Free-space ‘Tilt’ Game Controller for Sony Playstation Uses Scenix Chip; SX Series IC Processes Spatial Data in Real Time for On-Screen,” Dec. 6, 1999 (accessed at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1999_Dec_6/ai_58042965/?tag=content;col1 on Jul. 7, 2010)).
Business Wire, “Logitech Magellan 3D Controller,” Apr. 14, 1997 (accessed at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=19306114 on Feb. 10, 2011).
Business Wire, “Mind Path Introduces GYROPOINT RF Wireless Remote,” Jan. 27, 2000 (accessed at http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/operations-office/6381880-1.html on Jun. 17, 2010).
Business Wire, “Pegasus' Wireless PenCell Writes on Thin Air with ART's Handwriting Recognition Solutions,” Business Editors/High Tech Writers Telecom Israel 2000 Hall 29, Booth 19-20, Nov. 7, 2000 (accessed at http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-66658008.html on Jun. 17, 2010).
Business Wire, “RPI ships low-cost pro HMD Plus 3D Mouse and VR PC graphics card system for CES,” Jan. 9, 1995 (accessed at http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-16009561.html on Jun. 17, 2010).
Business Wire, “InterSense Inc. Launches InertiaCube2—The World's Smallest Precision Orientation Sensor with Serial Interface,” Aug. 14, 2001 (accessed at http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-77183067.html/print on Sep. 7, 2011.).
Buxton et al., “A Study in Two-Handed Input,” Proceedings of CHI '86, pp. 321-326 (1986) (accessed at http://www.billbuxton.com/2hands.html on Jul. 29, 2011).
Buxton, Bill, “A Directory of Sources for Input Technologies” (last updated Apr. 19, 2001), http://web.archive.org/web/20010604004849/http://www.billbuxton.com/InputSources.html (accessed on Sep. 8, 2011).
Buxton, Bill, “Human input/output devices,” in M. Katz (ed.), Technology Forecast: 1995, Menlo Park, CA: Price Waterhouse World Firm Technology Center, pp. 49-65 (Sep. 1994).
Canaday, “R67-26 The Lincoln Wand,” IEEE Transactions on Electronic Computers, vol. EC-16, No. 2, p. 240 (Apr. 1967) (downloaded from IEEE Xplore on Jul. 7, 2010).
Caruso, “Application of Magnetoresistive Sensors in Navigation Systems,” Sensors and Actuators, SAE SP-1220, pp. 15-21 (Feb. 1997); text of article accessed at http://www.ssec.honeywell.com/position-sensors/datasheets/sae.pdf.
Caruso, “Applications of Magnetic Sensors for Low Cost Compass Systems,” Honeywell, SSEC, Paper presented at IEEE 2000 Position Location and Navigation Symposium (Mar. 2000), accessed at http://www.ssec.honeywell.com/magnetic/datasheets/lowcost.pdf.
Caruso, et al., “A New Perspective on Magnetic Field Sensing,” Sensors Magazine, Dec. 1, 1998 (accessed at http://www.sensorsmag.com/sensors/electric-magnetic/a-new-perspective-magnetic-field-sensing-855 on Jun. 17, 2010).
Caruso, et al., “Vehicle Detection and Compass Applications using AMR Magnetic Sensors”, Paper presented at 1999 Sensors Expo in Baltimore, Maryland (May 1999), available at http://masters.donntu.edu.ua/2007/kita/gerus/library/amr.pdf.
Chatfield, “Fundamentals of High Accuracy Inertial Navigation,” vol. 174 Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. (1997).
Cheng, “Direct interaction with Large-Scale Display Systems using Infrared Laser Tracking Devices,” Paper presented at Australasian Symposium on Information Visualisation, Adelaide, Australia (Jan. 2003).
Cheok, et al., “Micro-Accelerometer Based Hardware Interfaces for Wearable Computer Mixed Reality Applications,” 6th International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC'02), 8 pages.
Cho, et al., “Magic Wand: A Hand-Drawn Gesture Input Device in 3-D Space with Inertial Sensors,” Proceedings of the 9th Intl Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR-9 2004), IEEE (Aug. 2004).
Clark, James H., “Designing Surfaces in 3-D,” Graphics and Image Processing-Communications of the ACM, Aug. 1976; vol. 19; No. 8; pp. 454-460.
Clark, James H., “Three Dimensional Man Machine Interaction,” Siggraph '76, Jul. 14-16 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1 page.
CNET News.com, “Nintendo Wii Swings Into Action,” May 25, 2006 (accessed at http://news.cnet.com/2300-1043_3-6070295-4.html on Aug. 5, 2011).
Cooke, et al., “NPSNET: Flight simulation dynamic modeling using quaternions,” Presence, vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 404-420, (Jan. 25, 1994).
Crecente, Brian, “Motion Gaming Gains Momentum,” kotaku.com, Sep. 17, 2010 (accessed at http://kotaku.com/5640867/motion-gaming-gains-momentum on Aug. 31, 2011).
Cruz-Neira, et al., “Scientists in Wonderland: A Report on Visualization Applications in the CAVE Virtual Reality Environment,” 1993 IEEE.
CSIDC Winners—“Tablet-PC Classroom System Wins Design Competition,” IEEE Computer Society Press, vol. 36, Issue 8, pp. 15-18, IEEE Computer Society, Aug. 2003.
Cutrone, “Hot products: Gyration GyroPoint Desk, GyroPoint Pro gyroscope-controlled wired and wireless mice,” Results from the Comdex Show Floor, Computer Reseller News, Dec. 4, 1995 (accessed from LexisNexis research database on Feb. 17, 2011; see pp. 8 and 9 of reference submitted herewith).
Deering, Michael F. , “HoloSketch A Virtual Reality Sketching Animation Tool,” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, Sep. 1995; vol. 2, No. 3; pp. 220-238.
Deruyck, et al., “An Electromagnetic Position Sensor,” Polhemus Navigation Sciences, Inc., Burlington, VT (Nov. 1973) (Abstract from DTIC Online).
Dichtburn, “Camera in Direct3D” Toymaker (Feb. 6, 2005), http://web.archive.org/web/20050206032104/http:/toymaker.info/games/html/camera.html (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Digital ID Cards the next generation of ‘smart’ cards will have more than a one-track mind. Wall Street Journal, Jun. 25, 2001.
Donelson, et al., “Spatial Management of Information”, Proceedings of 1978 ACM SIGGRAPH Conference in Atlanta, Georgia, pp. 203-209 (Aug. 1977).
Druin et al., Robots: Exploring New Technologies for Learning for Kids; 2000; Chapter One: To Mindstorms and Beyond; 27 pages (Jun. 2000).
Drzymala, Robert E., et al., “A Feasibility Study Using a Stereo-Optical Camera System to Verify Gamma Knife Treatment Specification,” Proceedings of 22nd Annual EMBS International Conference, Jul. 2000; pp. 1486-1489.
Durlach, et al., “Virtual Reality: Scientific and Technological Challenges,” National Academy Press (1995).
Emura, et al., “Sensor Fusion based Measurement of Human Head Motion,” 3rd IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (Jul. 1994).
Ewalt, David M., “Nintendo's Wii is a Revolution,” Review, Forbes.com, Nov. 13, 2006 (accessed at http://www.forbes.com/2006/11/13/wii-review-ps3-tech-media-cx_de_1113wii.html on Jul. 29, 2011).
Ferrin, “Survey of Helmet Tracking Technologies,” Proc. SPIE vol. 1456, p. 86-94 (Apr. 1991).
Fielder, Lauren “E3 2001: Nintendo unleashes GameCube software, a new Miyamoto game, and more,” GameSpot, May 16, 2001 (accessed at http://www.gamespot.com/news/2761390/e3-2001-nintendo-unleashes-gamecube-software-a-new-miyamoto-game-and-more?tag=gallery_summary%3Bstory on Jul. 29, 2011).
U.S. Appl. No. 09/520,148, filed Mar. 7, 2000 by Miriam Mawle.
Foremski, T., “Remote Control Mouse Aims at Interactive TV” Electronics Weekly, Mar. 9, 1994.
Foxlin, “Head-tracking Relative to a Moving Vehicle or Simulator Platform Using Differential Inertial Sensors,” Proceedings of Helmet and Head-Mounted Displays V, SPIE vol. 4021, AeroSense Symposium, Orlando, FL, Apr. 24-25, 2000 (2000).
Foxlin, “Inertial Head Tracker Sensor Fusion by a Complementary Separate-bias Kalman Filter,” Proceedings of the IEEE 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium, pp. 185-194, 267 (Mar./Apr. 3, 1996).
Foxlin, “Generalized architecture for simultaneous localization, auto-calibration, and map-building,” IEEE/RSJ Conf. on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2002), Oct. 2-4, 2002, Lausanne, Switzerland (Oct. 2002).
Foxlin, “Motion Tracking Requirements and Technologies,” Chapter 8, from Handbook of Virtual Environment Technology, Kay Stanney, Ed., Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Jan. 2002) (extended draft version available for download at http://www.intersense.com/pages/44/119/).
Foxlin, “Pedestrian Tracking with Shoe-Mounted Inertial Sensors,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 38-46, (Nov./Dec. 2005).
Foxlin, et al., “An Inertial Head-Orientation Tracker with Automatic Drift Compensation for Use with HMD's,” Proceedings of the 1994 Virtual Reality Software and Technology Conference, Aug. 23-26, 1994, Singapore, pp. 159-173 (1994).
Foxlin, et al., “Constellation™: A Wide-Range Wireless Motion-Tracking System for Augmented Reality and Virtual Set Applications,” ACM SIGGRAPH 98, Orlando, Florida, Jul. 19-24, 1998 (1998).
Foxlin, et al., “Miniature 6-DOF Inertial System for Tracking HMDs,” SPIE vol. 3362, Helmet and Head-Mounted Displays III, AeroSense 98, Orlando, FL, Apr. 13-14, 1998 (1998).
Foxlin, et al., “WearTrack: A Self-Referenced Head and Hand Tracker for Wearable Computers and Portable VR,” Proceedings of International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC 2000), Oct. 16-18, 2000, Atlanta, GA (2000).
Foxlin, et al., “FlightTracker: A Novel Optical/Inertial Tracker for Cockpit Enhanced Vision, Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality,” Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2004), Nov. 2-5, 2004, Washington, D.C. (2004).
Foxlin, et al., “Miniaturization, Calibration & Accuracy Evaluation of a Hybrid Self-Tracker,” IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2003), Oct. 7-10, 2003, Tokyo, Japan (2003).
Foxlin, et al., “VIS-Tracker: A Wearable Vision-Inertial Self-Tracker,” IEEE VR2003, Mar. 22-26, 2003, Los Angeles, CA (2003).
Frankle, “E3 2002: Roll O Rama,” Roll-o-Rama GameCube Preview at IGN, May 23, 2002 (accessed at http://cube.ign.com/articles/360/360662p1.html on Sep. 7, 2011).
Friedmann, et al., “Device Synchronization Using an Optimal Linear Filter,” SI3D'92: Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics, pp. 57-62 (Mar./Apr. 1992).
Friedmann, et al., “Synchronization in virtual realities,” M.I.T. Media Lab Vision and Modeling Group Technical Report No. 157, Jan. 1991 to appear in Presence, vol. 1, No. 1, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1991).
FrontSide Field Test, “Get This!” Golf Magazine, Jun. 2005, p. 36.
Fuchs, Eric, “Inertial Head-Tracking,” MS Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (Sep. 1993).
Furniss, Maureen, “Motion Capture,” posted at http://web.mit.edu/m-i-t/articles/index_furniss.html on Dec. 19, 1999; paper presented at the Media in Transition Conference at MIT on Oct. 8, 1999 (accessed on Sep. 8, 2011).
gamecubicle.com News Article, Nintendo WaveBird Controller, http://www.gamecubicle.com/news-Nintendo_gamecube_wavebird_controller.htm, May 14, 2002 (accessed on Aug. 5, 2011).
Geen, et al., “New MEMS® Angular-Rate-Sensing Gyroscope,” Analog Dialogue 37-03, pp. 1-3 (2003).
Gelmis, J., “Ready to Play, The Future Way,” Buffalo News, Jul. 23, 1996 (accessed from LexisNexis research database on Sep. 6, 2011).
Grimm, et al., “Real-Time Hybrid Pose Estimation from Vision and Inertial Data,” Proceedings of the First Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (CRV'04), IEEE Computer Society (Apr. 2004).
Gyration Ultra Cordless Optical Mouse, Setting Up Ultra Mouse, Gyration Quick Start Card part No. DL-00071-0001 Rev. A. Gyration, Inc., Jun. 2003.
Gyration Ultra Cordless Optical Mouse, User Manual, Gyration, Inc., Saratoga, CA (2003).
Gyration, “Gyration MicroGyro 100 Developer Kit Data Sheet,” http://web.archive.org/web/19980708122611/www.gyration.com/html/devkit.html (Jul. 1998).
Gyration, Inc., GyroRemote GP240-01 Professional Series (Sep. 2003).
Harada, et al., “Portable Absolute Orientation Estimation Device with Wireless Network Under Accelerated Situation” Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, New Orleans, LA, Apr. 2004, pp. 1412-1417(Apr. 2004).
Harada, et al., “Portable orientation estimation device based on accelerometers, magnetometers and gyroscope sensors for sensor network,” Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI 2003), pp. 191-196, (Aug. 2003).
Haykin, et al., “Adaptive Tracking of Linear Time-Variant Systems by Extended RLS Algorithms, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,” vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 1118-1128 (May 1997).
Heath, “Virtual Reality Resource Guide AI Expert,” v9 n5 p32(14) (May 1994) (accessed at http://ftp.hitl.washington.edu/scivw-ftp/commercial/VR-Resource-Guide.txt on Jun. 17, 2010).
HiBall-3100—“Wide-Area, High-Precision Tracker and 3D Digitizer,” www.3rdtech.com/HiBall.htm (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Hinckley, “Synchronous Gestures for Multiple Persons and Computers,” Paper presented at ACM UIST 2003 Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology in Vancouver, BC, Canada (Nov. 2003).
Hinckley, et al., “A Survey of Design Issues in Spatial Input,” Paper presented at 7th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (Nov. 1994).
Hinckley, et al., “Sensing Techniques for Mobile Interaction,” Proceedings of the 13th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (ACM UIST), San Diego, CA, (Nov. 2000).
Hinckley, et al., “The VideoMouse: A Camera-Based Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Input Device” ACM UIST'99 Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology, CHI Letters vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 103-112 (Sep. 1999).
Hinckley, Ken, “Haptic Issues for Virtual Manipulation,” Ph.D. Dissertation University of Virginia, Dept. of Computer Science (Jan. 1997).
Hind, Nicholas, “Cosmos: A composition for Live Electronic Instruments Controlled by the Radio Baton and Computer Keyboard (Radio Baton and Magic Glove),” A Final Project Submitted to the Department of Music of Stanford University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor Musical Arts/UMI Microform 9837187, Jan. 1998.
Hoffman, Hunter G., “Physically Touching Virtual Objects Using Tactile Augmentation Enhances the Realism of Virtual Environments,” IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium '98, Atlanta, Georgia, Mar. 14-18, 1998, 5 pages (Mar. 1998).
Hogue, Andrew, “MARVIN: A Mobile Automatic Realtime visual and Inertial tracking system,” Master's Thesis, York University (May 2003), available at http://www.cse.yorku.ca/˜hogue/marvin.pdf.
Holden, Maureen K. et al., “Use of Virtual Environments in Motor Learning and Rehabilitation,” Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Handbook of Virtual Environments: Design, Implementation, and Applications, Chap. 49, pp. 999-1026, Stanney (ed), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (Jan. 2002).
Holloway, Richard Lee, “Registration Errors in Augmented Reality Systems,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Dept. of Computer Science (1995).
Immersion CyberGlove product, Immersion Corporation, http://www.cyberglovesystems.com (Jul. 2001).
Immersion, “Immersion Ships New Wireless CyberGlove(R) II Hand Motion-Capture Glove; Animators, Designers, and Researchers Gain Enhanced Efficiency and Realism for Animation, Digital Prototyping and Virtual Reality Projects,” Business Wire, Dec. 7, 2005 (available at http://ir.immersion.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=181278).
Interfax Press Release, “Tsinghua Tongfang Releases Unique Peripheral Hardware for 3D Gaming,” Apr. 2002, 1 page. (Apr. 2002).
Intersense, “InterSense InertiaCube2 Devices,” (Specification) (image) (2001).
Intersense, “InterSense InertiaCube2 Manual for Serial Port Model” (2001).
Intersense, “IS-900 Product Technology Brief,” http://www.intersense.com/uploadedFiles/Products/White.sub.--Papers/IS900- .sub.--Tech.sub.--Overview.sub.--Enhanced.pdf (1999).
Intersense, “InterSense Inc., The New Standard in Motion Tracking,” Mar. 27, 2004, http://web.archive.org!web12004040500550Z/http://intersense.com (accessed on May 19, 2009).
Intersense, “InterSense Mobile Mixed Reality Demonstration,” YouTube Video dated Oct. 2006 on opening screen; uploaded by InterSenseInc. on Mar. 14, 2008 (accessed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daVdzGK0nUE&feature=channel_page on Sep. 8, 2011; digital video available upon request).
Intersense, “IS-900 Precision Motion Trackers,” Jun. 14, 2002, http://web.archive.org/web/20020614110352/http://www.isense.com/products/prec/is900/ (accessed on Sep. 8, 2011).
Intersense, Inc., “Comparison of Intersense IS-900 System and Optical Systems,” Whitepaper, Jul. 12, 2004., available at http://www.jazdtech.com/techdirect/research/InterSense-Inc.htm?contentSetId=60032939&supplierId=60018705.
Jacob, “Human-Computer Interaction—Input Devices,” ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 177-179 (Mar. 1996); link to text of article provided at http://www.cs.tufts.edu/˜jacob/papers/.
Jakubowski, et al., “Increasing Effectiveness of Human Hand Tremor Separation Process by Using Higher-Order Statistics,” Measurement Science Review, vol. 1, No. 1 (2001).
Ji, H. “Study on the Infrared Remote-Control Lamp-Gesture Device,” Yingyong Jiguang/Applied Laser Technology, v. 17, n. 5, p. 225-227, Language: Chinese-Abstract only, Oct. 1997.
Jiang, “Capacitive position-sensing interface for micromachined inertial sensors,” Dissertation at Univ. of Cal. Berkeley, 2003.
Ju, et al., “The Challenges of Designing a User Interface for Consumer Interactive Television Consumer Electronics Digest of Technical Papers.,” IEEE 1994 International Conference on Volume , Issue , Jun. 21-23, 1994 pp. 114-115 (Jun. 1994) (downloaded from IEEE Xplore on Jul. 13, 2010).
Keir, et al., “Gesture-recognition with Nonreferenced Tracking,” IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces, pp. 151-158, Mar. 25-26, 2006.
Kennedy, P.J. “Hand-held Data Input Device,” IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 5826-5827, Apr. 1984.
Kessler, et al., “The Simple Virtual Environment Library: an Extensible Framework for Building VE Applications,” Presence, MIT Press vol. 9, No. 2. pp. 187-208 (Apr. 2000).
Kindratenko, “A Comparison of the Accuracy of an Electromagnetic and a Hybrid Ultrasound-Inertia Position Tracking System,” MIT Presence, vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 657-663, Dec. 2001.
Klein et al., “Tightly Integrated Sensor Fusion for Robust Visual Tracking,” British Machine Vision Computing, vol. 22, No. 10, pp. 769-776, Feb. 2004.
Kohlhase, “NASA Report, The Voyager Neptune travel guide,” Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication 89-24, (Jun. 1989).
Kormos, D.W., et al., “Intraoperative, Real-Time 3-D Digitizer for Neurosurgical Treatment and Planning,” IEEE (Feb. 1993) (Abstract only).
Kosak, Dave, “Mind-Numbing New Interface Technologies,” Gamespy.com, Feb. 1, 2005 (accessed at http://www.gamespy.com/articles/584/584744p1.html on Aug. 31, 2011).
Krumm et al., “How a Smart Environment can Use Perception,” Paper presented at UBICOMP 2001 Workshop on Perception for Ubiquitous Computing (2001).
Kuipers, Jack B., “SPASYN—An Electromagnetic Relative Position and Orientation Tracking System,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 462-466 (Dec. 1980).
Kunz, Andreas M. et al., “Design and Construction of a New Haptic Interface,” Proceedings of DETC '00, ASME 2000 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, Sep. 10-13, 2000.
La Scala, et al., “Design of an Extended Kalman Filter Frequency Tracker,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 44, No. 3 (Mar. 1996).
Larimer et al., “VEWL: A Framework for building a Windowing Interface in a Virtual Environment,” in Proc. of IFIP TC13 Int. Conf. on Human-Computer Interaction.Interact'2003 (Zürich, http://people.os.vt.edu/˜bowman/papers/VEWL_final.pdf, 2003.
Laughlin, et al., “Inertial Angular Rate Sensors: Theory and Applications,” SENSORS Magazine Oct. 1992.
Lee, et al., “Innovative Estimation Method with Measurement Likelihood for all—Accelerometer Type Inertial Navigation System,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 38, No. 1, Jan. 2002.
Lee, et al., “Tilta-Pointer: the Free-Space Pointing Device,” Princeton COS 436 Project (Fall 2004); retrieved from Google's cache of http://www.milyehuang.com/cos436/project/specs.html on May 27, 2011.
Lee, et al., “Two-Dimensional Position Detection System with MEMS Accelerometer for Mouse Applications,” Design Automation Conference, 2001, Proceedings, 2001 pp. 852-857, Jun. 2001.
Leganchuk, et al., “Manual and Cognitive Benefits of Two-Handed Input: An Experimental Study,” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 326-259, Dec. 1998.
Leonard, “Computer Pointer Controls 3D Images in Free Space,” Electronic Design, pp. 160, 162, 165, Nov. 1991.
Liang, et al., “On Temporal-Spatial Realism in the Virtual Reality Environment,” ACM 1991 Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (Nov. 1991).
Link, “Field-Qualified Silicon Accelerometers from 1 Milli g to 200,000 g,” Sensors, Mar. 1993.
Liu, et al., “Enhanced Fisher Linear Discriminant Models for Face Recognition,” Paper presented at 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'98), Queensland, Australia (Aug. 1998).
Lobo, et al., “Vision and Inertial Sensor Cooperation Using Gravity as a Vertical Reference,” IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 25, No. 12, pp. 1597-1608, Dec. 2003.
Logitech, “Logitech Tracker—Virtual Reality Motion Tracker,” downloaded from http://www.vrealities.com/logitech.html on Jun. 18, 2010.
Logitech, Inc. “3D Mouse & Head Tracker Technical Reference Manual,” Nov. 1992.
Logitech's WingMan Cordless RumblePad Sets PC Gamers Free, Press Release, Sep. 2, 2001 (accessed at http://www.logitech.com/en-us/172/1373 on Aug. 5, 2011).
Louderback, J. “Nintendo Wii”, Reviews by PC Magazine, Nov. 13, 2006 (accessed at http://www.pcmag.com/article/print/193909 on Sep. 8, 2011).
Luethi, P. et al., “Low Cost Inertial Navigation System” (2000); downloaded from http://www.electronic-engineering.ch/study/ins/ins.html on Jun. 18, 2010.
Luinge, “Inertial sensing of human movement,” Thesis, University of Twente, Twente University Press, (Oct. 2002).
Luinge, et al., “Estimation of orientation with gyroscopes and accelerometers,” Proceedings of the First Joint BMES/EMBS Conference, 1999, vol. 2, p. 844 (Oct. 1999).
MacKenzie, et al., “A two-ball mouse affords three degrees of freedom,” Extended Abstracts of the CHI '97 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 303-304. New York: ACM (Oct. 1997).
MacKinlay, “Rapid Controlled Movement Through a Virtual 3D Workspace,” ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics archive, vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 171-176 (Aug. 1990).
MacLean, “Designing with Haptic Feedback”, Paper presented at IEEE Robotics and Automation (ICRA '2000) Conference in San Francisco, CA, Apr. 22-28, 2000.
Maggioni, C., “A novel gestural input device for virtual reality,” IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (Cat. No. 93CH3336-5), 118-24, Jan. 1993.
Marks, Richard (Jan. 21, 2004) (Windows Media v7). EyeToy: A New Interface for Interactive Entertainment, Stanford University (accessed at http://lang.stanford.edu/courses/ee380/2003-2004/040121-ee380-100.wmv on Sep. 7, 2011; digital video available upon request).
Marrin, “Possibilities for the Digital Baton as a General Purpose Gestural Interface,” Late-Breaking/Short Talks, Paper presented at CHI 97 Conference in Atlanta Georgia, Mar. 22-27, 1997 (accessed at http://www.sigchi.org/chi97/proceedings/short-talk/tm.htm on Aug. 5, 2011).
Marrin, Teresa et al., “The Digital Baton: A Versatile Performance Instrument,” Paper presented at International Computer Music Conference, Thessaloniki, Greece (Sep. 1997) (text of paper available at http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/p/pod/dod-idx?c=icmc;idno=bbp2372.1997.083).
Marti, et al., “Biopsy navigator: a smart haptic interface for interventional radiological gestures” Proceedings of the Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS 2003) Conference, International Congress Series, vol. 1256, pp. 788-793 (Jun. 2003) (e-copy of text of paper available at http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/29966/files/CARS03-GM.pdf).
Masliah, “Measuring the Allocation of Control in 6 Degree of Freedom Docking Experiment,” Paper presented at SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, The Hague, Netherlands (Apr. 2000).
Maybeck, “Stochastic Models, Estimation and Control,” vol. 1, Chapter 1, Introduction (1979).
Merians, et al., “Virtual Reality—Augmented Rehabilitation for Patients Following Stroke,” Physical Therapy, vol. 82, No. 9, Sep. 2002.
Merrill, “FlexiGesture: A sensor-rich real-time adaptive gesture and affordance learning platform for electronic music control,” Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jun. 2004.
Meyer, et al., “A Survey of Position Tracker,” MIT Presence, vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 173-200, (Nov. 1992).
Miller, Paul, “Exclusive shots of Goschy's prototype ‘Wiimote’ controllers,” Engadget, Jan. 15, 2008 (accessed at http://www.engadget.com/2008/01/15/exclusive-shots-of-goschys-prototype-wiimote-controllers/ on Aug. 31, 2011).
Miller, Ross, “Joystiq interview: Patrick Goschy talks about Midway, tells us he ‘made the Wii’,” Joystiq.com, Jan. 16, 2008 (accessed at http://www.joystiq.com/2008/01/16/joystiq-interview-patrick-goschy-talks-about-midway-tells-us-h/ on Aug. 31, 2011).
Mizell, “Using Gravity to Estimate Accelerometer Orientation,” Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC'03), IEEE Computer Society (Oct. 2003).
Morgan, C., “Still chained to the overhead projector instead of the podium,” (TV Interactive Corp's LaserMouse Remote Pro infrared mouse) (clipboard) (brief article) (product announcement) Government Computer News, Jun. 13, 1994.
Morris, “Accelerometry—a technique for the measurement of human body movements,” J Biomechanics vol. 6, pp. 729-736 (Nov. 1973).
Moser, “Low Budget Inertial Navigation Platform (2000),” www.tmoser.ch/typo3/11.0.html (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Mulder, “Human movement tracking technology,” Technical Report, NSERC Hand Centered Studies of Human Movement project, available through anonymous ftp in fas.sfu.ca:/pub/cs/graphics/vmi/HMTT.pub.ps.Z., Burnaby, B.C, Canada: Simon Fraser University (Jul. 1994).
Myers, et al., “Interacting at a Distance: Measuring the Performance of Laser Pointers and Other Devices,” CHI 2002, Apr. 2002.
Naimark, et al., “Encoded LED System for Optical Trackers,” Paper presented at Fourth IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2005), Oct. 5-8, 2005, Vienna Austria (2005) (electronic version of text of paper available for download at http://www.intersense.com/pages/44/129/).
Naimark, et al., “Circular Data Matrix Fiducial System and Robust Image Processing for a Wearable Vision-Inertial Self-Tracker,” IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2002), Darmstadt, Germany (Sep./Oct. 2002).
Navarrette, et al., “Eigenspace-based Recognition of Faces: Comparisons and a new Approach,” Paper Presented at 11th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing (Sep. 2001).
New Strait Times Press Release, “Microsoft's New Titles,” Mar. 1998, 1 page.
News Article, “New Game Controllers Using Analog Devices' G-Force Tilt to be Featured at E3”, Norwood, MA (May 10, 1999) (accessed at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=54592268 on Jun. 17, 2010).
Nintendo Tilt Controller Ad, Electronic Gaming Monthly, 1994, 1 page.
Nintendo, Game Boy Advance SP System Instruction Booklet (2003).
Nintendo, Nintendo Game Boy Advance System Instruction Booklet (2001-2003).
Nintendo, Nintendo Game Boy Advance Wireless Adapter, Sep. 26, 2003.
Nintendo Feature: History of Pokémon Part 2 1998-1999; Crossing the Pacific, Pokemon style, Posted by Tom East—Official Nintendo Magazine, May 17, 2009.
Nishiyama, “A Nonlinear Filter for Estimating a Sinusoidal Signal and its Parameters in White Noise: On the Case of a Single Sinusoid,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 45, No, 4, pp. 970-981 (Apr. 1997).
Nishiyama, “Robust Estimation of a Single Complex Sinusoid in White Noise-H ∞ Filtering Approach,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 47, No. 10, pp. 2853-2856 (Oct. 1999).
Odell, “An Optical Pointer for Infrared Remote Controllers,” (1995) (downloaded from IEEE Xplore on Jul. 7, 2010).
Ojeda, et al., “No GPS? No Problem!” University of Michigan Develops Award-Winning Personal Dead-Reckoning (PDR) System for Walking Users, available at http://www.engin.umich.edu/research/mrl/urpr/In_Press/P135.pdf, (2004 or later).
Omelyan, “On the numerical integration of motion for rigid polyatomics: The modified quaternion approach” Computers in Physics, vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 97-103 (Jan./Feb. 1998).
Ovaska, “Angular Acceleration Measurement: A Review,” Paper presented at IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, St. Paul, MN, May 18-21, 1998 (1998).
Pai, et al., “The Tango: A Tangible Tangoreceptive Whole-Hand Interface,” Paper presented at Joint Eurohaptics and IEEE Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, Pisa, Italy, Mar. 18-20, 2005 (2005).
Pajama Sam: No Need to Hide When It's Dark Outside Infogrames, Sep. 6, 2002.
Paley, W. Bradford, “Interaction in 3D Graphics,” SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter, col. 32, No. 4 (Nov. 1998) (accessed at http://www.siggraph.org/publications/newsletter/v32n4/contributions/paley.html on Aug. 2, 2011).
Paradiso, et al., “Interactive Therapy with Instrumented Footwear,” CHI 2004, Apr. 24-29, 2004, Vienna, Austria.
Park, Adaptive control strategies for MEMS gyroscopes (Dissertation), Univ. Cal. Berkley (Dec. 2000).
PC World, “The 20 Most Innovative Products of the Year,” Dec. 27, 2006 (accessed at http://www.pcworld.com/printable/article/id,128176/printable.html on Aug. 2, 2011).
PCTracker, Technical Overview, available at http://www.est-kl.com/fileadmin/media/pdf/InterSense/PCTracker_Tech_Overview.pdf (date unknown).
Perry, Simon, “Nintendo to Launch Wireless Game Boy Adaptor,” Digital Lifestyles, http://digital-lifestyles.info/2003/09/26/Nintendo-to-launch-wireless-game-boy-adaptod, Sep. 26, 2003 (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Phillips, “Forward/Up Directional Incompatibilities During Cursor Placement Within Graphical User Interfaces,” Ergonomics, vol. 48, No. 6, May 15, 2005.
Phillips, “LPC2104/2105/2106, Single-chip 32-bit microcontrollers; 128 kB ISP/IAP Flash with 64 kB/32 kB/16 kB RAM,” 32 pages, Dec. 22, 2004.
Phillips, “TECHWATCH: On the Right Track: A unique optical tracking system gives users greater freedom to explore virtual worlds,” Computer Graphics World, vol. 23, Issue 4 (Apr. 2000).
Pierce, et al., “Image Plane Interaction Techniques in 3D Immersive Environments,” Paper presented at 1997 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics, Providence, RI (Apr. 1997).
Pilcher, “AirMouse Remote Controls,” IEEE Conference on Consumer Electronics (Jun. 1992).
Pique, “Semantics of Interactive Rotations,” Interactive 3D Graphics, Proceedings of the 1986 workshop on Interactive 3D graphics, pp. 259-269 (Oct. 1986).
Piyabongkarn, “The Development of a MEMS Gyroscope for Absolute Angle Measurement,” Dissertation, Univ. Minnesota, Nov. 2004 (Abstract only).
Polhemus, “Polhemus 3Space Fastrak devices” (image) (2001).
Poison Enterprises Research Services, http://www.virtualpet.com/vp/media/fishing/fishing.htm, “Fishing Games: The Evolution of Virtual Fishing Games and related Video Games/Computer Games,” 15 pages, 2003.
PowerGlove product Program Guide, Mattel, 1989 (Text of Program Guide provided from http://hiwaay.net/˜lkseitz/cvtg/power_glove.shtml; the text was typed in by Lee K. Sietz; document created Aug. 25, 1988; accessed on Aug. 2, 2011).
PR Newswire, “Five New Retailers to Carry Gyration's Gyropoint Point and Gyropoint Pro,” Jul. 8, 1996 (accessed at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=54592268 on Jun. 18, 2010).
PR Newswire, “Three-Axis MEMS-based Accelerometer From STMicroelectronics Targets Handheld Terminals,” Feb. 18, 2003 (accessed at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=54592268 on Aug. 3, 2011).
Pryor, et al., “A Reusable Software Architecture for Manual Controller Integration,” IEEE Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Univ of Texas, pp. 3583-3588 (Apr. 1997).
Raab, et al., “Magnetic Position and Orientation Tracking System,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. AES-15, No. 5, pp. 709-718 (Sep. 1979).
Radica Legends of the Lake™ Instruction Manual (2003).
Rebo, et al., “Helmet-Mounted Virtual Environment Display System,” Proc. SPIE vol. 1116, pp. 80-84, Sep. 1989.
Regan, “Smart Golf Clubs,” baltimoresun.com, Jun. 17, 2005.
Rekimoto, “Tilting Operations for Small Screen Interfaces,” Tech Note presented at 9th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST'96) (Nov. 1996) (electronic copy available for download at http://www.sonycsl.co.jp/person/rekimoto/papers/uist96.pdf.
Resnick, et al., “Digital Manipulatives: New Toys to Think With,” CHI 98; Apr. 1998; pp. 281-287.
Response filed May 3, 2010 to Office Action dated Feb. 5, 2010 for U.S. Appl. No. 12/222,787, filed Aug. 15, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,774,155 (including Rule 1.132 Declaration by Steve Mayer).
Reunert, “Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes: Principles and Applications,” SENSORS, Aug. 1993, pp. 37-38.
Ribo, et al., “Hybrid Tracking for Outdoor Augmented Reality Applications,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 54-63, Nov./Dec. 2002.
Riviere, et al., “Adaptive Canceling of Physiological Tremor for Improved Precision in Microsurgery,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 45, No. 7, pp. 839-846 (Jul. 1998).
Roberts, “The Lincoln Wand,” 1966 Proceedings of the Fall Joint Computer Conference (1966), available for electronic download at http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/AFIPS, Apr. 1966,105.
Robinette, et al., “Implementation of Flying, Scaling, and Grabbing in Virtual Worlds,” ACM Symposium (Jun. 1992).
Robinette, et al., “The Visual Display Transformation for Virtual Reality,” University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Sep. 1994).
Roetenberg, “Inertial and magnetic sensing of human motion,” Thesis, University of Twente (May 2006).
Roetenberg, et al., “Inertial and Magnetic Sensing of Human Movement Near Ferromagnetic Materials,” Paper presented at Second IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, Mar. 2003 (electronic copy available at http://www.xsens.com/images/stories/PDF/Inertial%20and%20magnetic%20sensing%20of%20human%20movement%20near%20ferromagnetic%20materials.pdf.
Rolland, et al., “A Survey of Tracking Technology for Virtual Environments,” University of Central Florida, Center for Research and Education in Optics Lasers (CREOL) (Jan. 2001).
Romer, Kay et al., Smart Playing Cards: A Ubiquitous Computing Game, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Dec. 2002, vol. 6, Issue 5-6, pp. 371-377, London, England.
Rothman, Wilson, “Unearthed: Nintendo's Pre-Wiimote Prototype,” gizmodo.com, Aug. 29, 2007 (accessed at http://gizmodo.com/gadgets/exclusive/unearthed-nintendo-2001-prototype-motion+sensing-one+handed-controller-by-gyration-294642.php on Aug. 31, 2011).
Rothman, Wilson, “Wii-mote Prototype Designer Speaks Out, Shares Sketchbook,” Gizmodo.com, Aug. 30, 2007 (accessed at http://gizmodo.com/gadgets/exclusive/wii+mote-prototype-designer-speaks-out-shares-sketchbook-295276.php on Aug. 31, 2011).
RPI Entertainment Pods Improve Virtual Experience, Computer Business Review, Jan. 17, 1995.
Sakai, et al., “Optical Spatial Filter Sensor for Ground Speed,” Optical Review, vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 65-67 (Jan. 1995).
Santiago, Alves, “Extended Kalman filtering applied to a full accelerometer strapdown inertial measurement unit,” M.S. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Santiago (Sep. 1992).
Satterfield, Shane, “E3 2002: Nintendo announces new GameCube games,” GameSpot, http://www.gamespot.com/gamecube/action/rollorama/news/2866974/e3-2002-nintendo-announces-new-gamecube-games, May 21, 2002 (accessed on Aug. 11, 2011).
Sawada, et al., “A Wearable Attitude—Measurement System Using a Fiberoptic Gyroscope,” MIT Presence, vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 109-118, Apr. 2002.
Saxena, et al., “In Use Parameter Estimation of Inertial Sensors by Detecting Multilevel Quasi-Static States,” Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 595-601 (2005).
Sayed, “A Framework for State-Space Estimation with Uncertain Models,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 46, No. 7, Jul. 2001.
Schofield, Jack, et al., Games reviews, “Coming up for airpad,” The Guardian (Feb. 3, 2000) (accessed at http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2000/feb/03/online supplement5/print on Jun. 18, 2010).
Sega/Sports Sciences, Inc., “Batter Up, It's a Hit,” Instruction Manual, Optional Equipment Manual (1994).
Sega/Sports Sciences, Inc., “Batter Up, It's a Hit,” Photos of baseball bat (1994).
Selecttech Airmouse, “Mighty Mouse”, Electronics Today International, p. 11 (Sep. 1990).
Shoemake, Ken, “Quaternions,” available online at http://campar.in.tum.de/twiki/pub/Chair/DwarfTutorial/quatut.pdf (date unknown).
Skiens, Mike, “Nintendo Announces Wireless GBA Link”, Bloomberg, Sep. 25, 2003 (accessed at http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/9011).
Smartswing, “SmartSwing: Intelligent Golf Clubs that Build a Better Swing,” http://web.archive.org/web/20040728221951/http://www.smartswinggolf.com/ (accessed on Sep. 8, 2011).
Smartswing, “The SmartSwing Learning System Overview,” Apr. 26, 2004, http://web.archive.org/web/2004426215355/http://www.smartswinggolf.com/tls/index.html (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Smartswing, “The SmartSwing Learning System: How it Works,” 3 pages, Apr. 26, 2004, http://web.archive.org/web/20040426213631/http://www.smartswinggolf.com/tls/how_it_works.html (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Smartswing, “The SmartSwing Product Technical Product: Technical Information,” Apr. 26, 2004, http://web.archive.org/web/20040426174854/http://www.smartswinggolf.com/products/technical_info.html (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Smartswing, Training Aid, Austin, Texas, Apr. 2005.
Sorenson, et al., “The Minnesota Scanner: A Prototype Sensor for Three-Dimensional Tracking of Moving Body Segments,” IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Animation, vol. 5, No. 4 (Aug. 1989).
Star Wars Action Figure with CommTech Chip by Hasbro (1999).
Stars Wars Episode 1 CommTech Reader Instruction Manual (1998).
Stovall, “Basic Inertial Navigation,” NAWCWPNS TM 8128, Navigation and Data Link Section, Systems Integration Branch (Sep. 1997).
Sulic, “Logitech Wingman Cordless Rumblepad Review,” Gear Review at IGN, Jan. 14, 2002 (accessed at http://gear.ign.com/articles/317/317472p1.html on Aug. 1, 2011).
Sutherland, “A Head-Mounted Three Dimensional Display,” Paper presented at AFIPS '68 Fall Joint Computer Conference, Dec. 9-11, 1968, (1968); electronic paper available at www.cise.ufl.edu/˜lok/teaching/dcvef05/papers/sutherland-headmount.pdf.
Sutherland, Ivan E., “Sketchpad: A Man-Machine Graphical Communication System,” Proceedings of the AFIPS Spring Joint Computer Conference, Detroit, Michigan, May 21-23, 1963, pp. 329-346 (source provided is reprinting of text accessed at http://www.guidebookgallery.org/articles/sketchpadamanmachinegraphicalcommunicationsystem on Sep. 8, 2011).
Tech Designers Rethink Toys: Make Them Fun Wall Street Journal, Dec. 17, 2001.
Templeman, James N., “Virtual Locomotion: Walking in Place through Virtual Environments,” Presence, vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 598-617, Dec. 1999.
Timmer, “Modeling Noisy Time Series: Physiological Tremor,” International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, vol. 8, No. 7 (1998).
Timmer, et al., “Characteristics of Hand Tremor Time Series,” Biological Cybernetics, vol. 70, No. 1, pp. 75-80 (May 1993).
Timmer, et al., “Cross-Spectral Analysis of Tremor Time Series,” International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, vol. 10, No. 11 pp. 2595-2610 (Nov. 2000); electronic text available at http://www.fdmold.uni-freiburg.de/groups/timeseries/tremor/pubs/cs_review.pdf.
Timmer, et al., “Pathological Tremors: Deterministic Chaos or Nonlinear Stochastic Oscillators?” Chaos, vol. 10, No. 1 pp. 278-288 (Mar. 2000).
Timmer, et al., Cross-Spectral Analysis of Physiological Tremor and Muscle Activity: II Application to Synchronized Electromyogram, Biological Cybernetics, vol. 78 (Jun. 1998) (copy provided obtained from http://arxiv.org/abs/chao-dyn/9805012).
Titterton, et al., “Strapdown Inertial Navigation Technology,” Peter Peregrinus Ltd., pp. 1-56 and pp. 292-321 (May 1997).
Toy Designers Use Technology in New Ways as Sector Matures, WSJ.com, Dec. 17, 2001.
Traq 3D, “Healthcare,” http://www.traq3d.com/Healthcare/Healthcare.aspx (accessed on Jan. 21, 2010).
Ulanoff, Lance, “Nintendo's Wii is the Best Product Ever,” PC Magazine, Jun. 21, 2007 (accessed at http://www.pcmag.com/print_article2/0,1217,a=210070,00.asp?hidPrint=true on Aug. 1, 2011).
UNC Computer Science Department, “News & Notes from Sitterson Hall,” UNC Computer Science, Department Newsletter, Issue 24, Spring 1999 (Apr. 1999) (accessed at http://www.cs.unc.edu/NewsAndNotes/Issue24/ on Jun. 18, 2010).
Urban, “BAA 96-37 Proposer Information,” DARPA/ETO (1996) (accessed at http://www.fbodaily.com/cbd/archive/1996/08(August)/19-Aug-1996/Aso1001.htm on Jul. 27, 2010).
US Dynamics Corp, “Spinning Mass Mechanical Gyroscopes,” Aug. 2006.
US Dynamics Corp, “The Concept of ‘Rate’, (more particularly, angular rate pertaining to rate gyroscopes) (rate gyro explanation),” Aug. 2006.
US Dynamics Corp, “US Dynamics Model 475 Series Rate Gyroscope Technical Brief,” Dec. 2005.
US Dynamics Corp, “US Dynamics Rate Gyroscope Interface Brief (rate gyro IO)” Aug. 2006.
Van Den Bogaard, Thesis, “Using linear filters for real-time smoothing of rotational data in virtual reality application,” dated Aug. 2, 2004, available at http://www.science.uva.nl/research/ias/alumni/m.sc.theses/theses/RobvandenBogaard.pdf.
Van Laerhoven et al., “Using an Autonomous Cube for Basic Navigation and Input,” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Multimodal interfaces, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, pp. 203-210, Nov. 5-7, 2003.
Van Rheeden, et al., “Noise Effects on Centroid Tracker Aim Point Estimation,” IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 177-185 (Mar. 1988).
Vaz, et al., “An Adaptive Estimation of Periodic Signals Using a Fourier Linear Combiner,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 1-10 (Jan. 1994).
Verplaetse, “Inertial-Optical Motion-Estimating Camera for Electronic Cinematography,” Master's Thesis, MIT, Media Arts and Sciences (Jun. 1997).
Villoria, Gerald, “Hands on Roll-O-Rama Game Cube,” Game Spot, http://www.gamespot.com/gamecube/action/rollorama/news.html?sid=2868421&com_act=convert&om_clk=newsfeatures&tag=newsfeatures;title;1&m, May 29, 2002 (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Virtual Fishing, Operational Manual, 2 pages, Tiger Electronics, Inc. (1998).
Vorozcovs, et al., “The Hedgehog: A Novel Optical Tracking Method for Spatially Immersive Displays,” MIT Presence, vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 108-121, Feb. 2006.
VTI, Mindflux-VTI CyberTouch, http://www.mindflux.com/au/products/vti/cybertouch.html (1996).
Wang, et al., “Tracking a Head-Mounted Display in a Room-Sized Environment with Head-Mounted Cameras,” Paper presented at SPIE 1990 Technical Symposium on Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing (Apr. 1990).
Ward, et al., “A Demonstrated Optical Tracker With Scalable Work Area for Head-Mounted Display Systems,” Paper presented at 1992 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics (Mar. 1992).
Watt, Alan, 3D Computer Graphics, Chapter 1: “Mathematical fundamentals of computer graphics,” 3rd ed. Addison-Wesley, pp. 1-26 (Dec. 2000).
Welch, “Hawkeye Zooms in on Mac Screens with Wireless Infrared Penlight Pointer,” MacWeek, May 3, 1993 (excerpt of article accessed at http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article/print/1G1-13785387 on Jun. 18, 2010).
Welch, et al., “High-Performance Wide-Area Optical Tracking: The HiBall Tracking System,” MIT Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments (Feb. 2001).
Welch, et al., “SCAAT: Incremental Tracking with Incomplete Information,” Paper presented at SIGGRAPH 97 Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (Aug. 1997), available at http://www.cs.unc.edu/˜welch/media/pdf/scaat.pdf.
Welch, et al., “The HiBall Tracker: High-Performance Wide-Area Tracking for Virtual and Augmented Environments,” Paper presented at 1999 Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology in London, Dec. 20-22, 1999, available at http://www.cs.unc.edu/˜welch/media/pdf/VRST99_HiBall.pdf.
Welch, et al., “Complementary Tracking and Two-Handed Interaction for Remote 3D Medical Consultation with a PDA,” Paper presented at Trends and Issues in Tracking for Virtual Environments Workshop at IEEE Virtual Reality 2007 Conference (Mar. 2007), available at http://www.cs.unc.edu/˜welch/media/pdf/Welch2007_TwoHanded.pdf.
Welch, et al., “Motion Tracking: No Silver Bullet, but a Respectable Arsenal,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 24-38 (Nov./Dec. 2002), available at http://www.cs.unc.edu/˜tracker/media/pdf/cga02_welch_tracking.pdf.
Welch, Hybrid Self-Tracker: An Inertial/Optical Hybrid Three-Dimensional Tracking System, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Department of Computer Science, TR 95-048 (1995).
Widrow, et al., “Fundamental Relations Between the LMS Algorithm and the DFT,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol. CAS-34, No. 7 (Jul. 1987).
Wiley, M., “Nintendo Wavebird Review,” Jun. 11, 2002, http://gear.ign.com/articles/361/361933p1.html (accessed on Aug. 1, 2011).
Williams, et al., “Physical Presence: Palettes in Virtual Spaces,” Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series, vol. 3639, No. 374-384 (May 1999), available at http://www.fakespacelabs.com/papers/3639_46_LOCAL.pdf.
Williams, et al., “Implementation and Evaluation of a Haptic Playback System,” vol. 3, No. 3, Haptics-e, May 2004.
Williams, et al., “The Virtual Haptic Back Project,” presented at the IMAGE 2003 Conference, Scottsdale, Arizona, Jul. 14-18, 2003.
Wilson, “Wireless User Interface Devices for Connected Intelligent Environments,” http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/awilson/publications/old/ubicomp%202003.pdf (Oct. 2003).
Wilson, “WorldCursor: Pointing in Intelligent Environments with the World Cursor,” http://www.acm.org/uist/archive/adjunct/2003/pdf/demos/d4-wilson.pdf (2003).
Wilson, “XWand: UI for Intelligent Environments,” http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/awilson/wand/default.htm, Apr. 2004.
Wilson, et al., “Demonstration of the Xwand Interface for Intelligent Spaces,” UIST '02 Companion, pp. 37-38 (Oct. 2002).
Wilson, et al., “Gesture Recognition Using the Xwand,” http://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/pub4/wilson_daniel_h_2004_1/wilson_daniel_h_2004_1.pdf (Apr. 2004).
Wilson, et al., “Xwand: UI for Intelligent Spaces,” Paper presented at CHI 2003 Conference, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, Apr. 5-10, 2003, available at http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/awilson/publications/WilsonCHI2003/CHI%202003%20XWand.pdf (2003).
Wired Glove, Wikipedia article, 4 pages, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_glove, Nov. 18, 2010.
Wormell, “Unified Camera, Content and Talent Tracking in Digital Television and Movie Production,” Presented at NAB 2000, Las Vegas, NV, Apr. 8-13, 2000 (available for download at http://www.intersense.com/pages/44/116/) (2003).
Wormell, et al., “Advancements in 3D Interactive Devices for Virtual Environments,” Presented at the Joint International Immersive Projection Technologies (IPT)/Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Environments (EGVE) 2003 Workshop, Zurich, Switzerland, May 22-23, 2003 (available for download at http://www.intersense.com/pages/44/123/) (2003).
Worringham, et al., “Directional Stimulus-Response Compatibility: A Test of Three Alternative Principles,” Ergonomics, vol. 41, Issue 6, pp. 864-880 (Jun. 1998).
Yang, et al., “Implementation and Evaluation of ‘Just Follow Me’: An Immersive, VR-Based, Motion-Training System,” MIT Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, vol. 11, No. 3, at 304-23 (MIT Press), Jun. 2002.
You et al., “Hybrid Inertial and Vision Tracking for Augmented Reality Registration,” http://graphics.usc.edu/cgit/pdf/papers/Vr1999.PDF (Mar. 1999).
You et al., “Orientation Tracking for Outdoor Augmented Reality Registration,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE, vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 36-42 (Nov. 1999).
Youngblut, et al., “Review of Virtual Environment Interface Technology,” Institute for Defense Analyses (Mar. 1996).
Yun, et al., “Recent Developments in Silicon Microaccelerometers,” SENSORS, 9(10) University of California at Berkeley, Oct. 1992.
Zhai, “Human Performance in Six Degree of Freedom Input Control,” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto (1995).
Zhai, “User Performance in Relation to 3D Input Device Design,” Computer Graphics 32(4), pp. 50-54, Nov. 1998; text downloaded from http://www.almaden.ibm.com/u/zhai/papers/siggraph/final.html on Aug. 1, 2011.
Zhou, et al., “A survey—Human Movement Tracking and Stroke Rehabilitation,” Technical Report: CSM-420, ISSN 1744-8050, Dept. of Computer Sciences, University of Essex, UK, Dec. 8, 2004.
Zhu et al., “A Real-Time Articulated Human Motion Tracking Using Tri-Axis Inertial/Magnetic Sensors Package,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 12, No. 2, Jun. 2004.
Zowie Playsets, http://www.piernot.com/proj/zowie/ (accessed on Jul. 29, 2011).
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20180318723 A1 Nov 2018 US
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
60241893 Oct 2000 US
Continuations (7)
Number Date Country
Parent 15255678 Sep 2016 US
Child 15907734 US
Parent 15076388 Mar 2016 US
Child 15255678 US
Parent 14621711 Feb 2015 US
Child 15076388 US
Parent 14226127 Mar 2014 US
Child 14621711 US
Parent 12355489 Jan 2009 US
Child 14226127 US
Parent 11241812 Sep 2005 US
Child 12355489 US
Parent 10045582 Oct 2001 US
Child 11241812 US