BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a door in a closed position.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the door of FIG. 1 but with the door shown at an intermediate position between open and closed.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the door of FIG. 1 but with the door shown at its open position.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5
a is similar to FIG. 5, but showing additional inventive features.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 6
a is similar to FIG. 6, but showing additional inventive features.
FIG. 7 is a front view similar to FIG. 2 but showing a forklift crashing into the door's panel.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6 but showing a portion of the drive strip about to breakaway from the track.
FIG. 9 is a front view similar to FIG. 3 but showing a retention strip being changed.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a drive strip with a projection assembly being installed.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional side view similar to FIG. 10 but showing an alternate drive strip with integral projections.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6 but with the drive strip of FIG. 11.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another drive strip with integral projections.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 13 but slightly modified.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 13 but showing a different embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 5 but showing a different storage track configuration.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIGS. 5 and 16 but showing yet another storage track configuration.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 18-18 of FIG. 4.
FIGS. 19 and 20 show an alternative embodiment of a drive gear for a door according to the description.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXAMPLE
A door system 10, shown in FIGS. 1-5, includes a panel 12 that moves generally vertically between a closed position (FIGS. 1 and 4) and an open position (FIGS. 3 and 5). FIG. 2 shows panel 12 at an intermediate position relative to a doorway 14 in a wall 16.
The panel shown in FIGS. 1-5 illustratively includes a flexible sheet of a heavy duty industrial fabric as is common in the art. The drive strip and guide/retention system forming part of the inventive aspect of this the description are not limited to combination with a flexible sheet such as a fabric curtain to form the panel. Rather, the system disclosed herein could be used to drive and guide a variety of other panel structures of which it would form a part—such as a so-called rolling steel door with generally rigid, horizontally-extending slats that are hingedly interconnected. The drive system could also be a part of a unitary rigid panel. Use as a part of a flexible fabric panel having additional structure is also possible—such as rigid bars for stiffening, or sections of internal foam or other insulative material to allow use of the door in cold storage type applications.
Whatever overall configuration of panel is used, to raise or lower panel 12, a motor 18 rotates at least one drive gear 20 (FIG. 4) that engages a plurality of spaced apart projections 22 disposed along one or both lateral edges of panel 12. In this embodiment, projections 22 are disposed on and extend from drive strips 24 that form a part of and preferably extend continuously along the lateral edges of panel 12. The term “projections” has been used to describe the roughly spherical members (see FIG. 4) mounted on the drive strip 24 since the members project from (in this case both sides of) the generally planar surface of strip 24 so that they can be engaged by and thus driven by drive gear 20 to move the door panel 12. The projection from the surface of drive strip 24 also allows the projections 22 to engage structure in the track of the door to both guide than panel between open and closed positions, and to provide retention of the panel within the track for applied forces, and separation of the panel from the track for applied forces exceeding predetermined thresholds, such as upon application of a crash force to the door. The material that has been identified to best achieve these various design goals for the projections 22 is an impact modified nylon 6/6 with an embedded silicone lubricant, available under model number RTP200HSI2 from RTP Company.
The material forming the drive strip 24 itself, in some embodiments, requires a balance of various characteristics. Since the application of a drive force to the edge of the panel only directly occurs when a projection or projections 22 are in contact with drive gear 20, drive strip 24 needs adequate rigidity to be capable of transmitting that drive force along at least a portion of its length. At the same time, depending on the storage configuration of the door, the panel 12 including drive strips 24 may need to turn corners and/or assume a coiled or other configuration, as in FIGS. 4 and 5. Thus, while the drive strip needs adequate rigidity to transmit driving forces along at least a portion of the edge, it also needs sufficient flexibility to curve around drive gear 20 and/or assume various curved storage configurations. We have found that the balancing of these requirements for an application of some of the inventive aspects of the system as shown in FIGS. 1-5 is best achieved by forming drive strip 24 of a copolymer polypropylene material. It should also be noted that the amount of rigidity required of strip 24 may be reduced by virtue of the fact that strip 24 is guided and retained within track 26. The engagement with track 26 may help keep strip 24 flat (not buckled) and allow it to thus transmit the drive force more effectively.
Preferably, drive strip 24 is co-extensive in length with the remainder of the door panel of which it forms a part. In some applications, however, it may be desirable for the strip 24 to extend somewhat less than this full length. Even so, a given drive strip 24 is preferably continuous or unbroken along its length. In some embodiments, it might be preferable to have multiple continuous drive strips forming an edge of the panel. As depicted herein, drive strip 24 is formed as a separate member, and is then permanently affixed to the remainder of panel 12 by any of a variety of attachment processes (sewing, gluing, heat-sealing, etc.) When the remainder of panel 12 is formed of a flexible material, the overall panel is thus flexible. In other embodiments (such as the flexible drive strip mounted to a rigid panel) this may not be the case.
The drive gear 20 is seen in cross-section in several of the figures. In general, it has a cylindrical shape with depressions for receiving projections 22 to thus drive the panel 12. Toward this end, some form of motor (appropriately geared) is provided to drive the gear 20 in rotation. In this case, the depressions in the gear 20 are in the form of laterally-extending grooves 21, seen in cross-section in FIG. 5a, for example. The grooves 21 are complementary in shape to the half of the projections 22 that engage the drive. The entire drive gear 20 may be molded from a material such as urethane. To date, the best material identified for forming drive gear 20 is a PTMEG urethane with a TDI prepolymer—formed from a combination of TD-D75E and EXT-1027-1 compounds available from ITWC. As an alternative to a molded or cast part, blank pieces may be machined and/or assembled to form drive gear 20. An example of this is shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, which depict a drive gear in the form of a spool 20′. To form grooves 21′ corresponding to grooves 21 in FIG. 5a, pins 23 extend across the larger flange of the spool such that the volume between the pins 23 corresponds to the engaged grooves 21′.
Door system 10 includes many unique features that make it superior to other doors. System 10, for instance, can be made impact resistant by allowing its panel 12 to safely breakaway from its guide track 26 in the event of an impact. In such breakaway embodiments, door system 10 can be selectively configured to achieve different levels of breakaway force. In a currently preferred design, panel 12 remains completely intact even after breaking away from an entirely stationary guide track, such as track 26.
Other unique features of door system 10 include: track 26 including a chamber 28 (FIG. 6) that protectively houses a sensor 30; a panel storage track 32 that supports panel 12 in a loose wrap that helps prevent a plastic panel window 34 from contacting itself or the remaining curtain material when coiling or coiled to prevent scratching and which permits ventilation that can reduce condensation within the wrapped panel; a selectively configurable storage track 36 (FIGS. 16 and 17); a flexible seal 38 (FIG. 6) disposed within track 26; and a unique drive mechanism that includes drive gear 20 engaging projections 22 on drive strip 24 (which is preferably a continuous strip). Additional details of the aforementioned features plus other features will now be explained with the following more detailed description.
To help guide the movement of panel 12, two drive strips 24 forming the lateral edges of panel 12 extend into track 26 on either side of doorway 14. Referring to FIG. 6, track 26 preferably has a generally uniform cross-sectional shape that allows it to be formed, for example, by an extrusion process, although other fabrication methods could be used. The track 26 has features that provide various functions, such as guiding drive strips 24 along track 26, supporting one or more flexible retention strips 40 that help hold and guide drive strip 24 within track 26, and housing sensor 30. In some cases, an additional wall-mounting bracket 42 can be welded or otherwise attached to the extruded portion of track 26. In the current embodiment, track 26 and bracket 42 are both extruded aluminum.
Still referring to FIG. 6, track 26 includes a channel 44 along which drive strip 24 travels. To help contain drive strip 24 within a panel passageway 46 of channel 44, flexible retention strip 40 captures the plurality of projections 22 within channel 44. In this manner, projections 22 serve the dual function of engaging drive gear 20 to drive panel 12 while also providing a guiding and retaining function for the panel by virtue of their engagement with track 26 and retention strips 40. In a currently preferred embodiment, two retention strips 40 are attached to each track 26 such that two distal edges 48 are spaced apart to define a slot 50 through which drive strip 24 extends. By selecting the strip's material or thickness, strip 24 can be made to have a certain amount of flexibility so that if panel 12 is impacted, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the strip's flexibility allows the impact to force strip 24 and projections 22 out from within channel 46 to a dislodged position without damage or any significant permanent distortion of the door parts. If the impact dislodges panel 12 near the bottom of panel 12, as shown in FIG. 7, projections 22 may allow the panel's lower portion to progressively break away from the bottom-up in a zipper-like fashion (i.e. one projection after another), thus reducing the force necessary to initiate or continue a breakaway. When the drive strip 24 and projections 22 are within the channel 46, the engagement of multiple projections 22 simultaneously with the retention strip 40 allows the door to have a high overall resistance to a more broadly distributed force such as that created by wind.
After a portion of panel 12 is dislodged, projections 22 of drive strip 24 are readily fed back into channel 46 by simply driving the door to its open position. As a partially dislodged panel 12 rises to the open position, an auto-refeed device 52 (FIG. 4) forces projections 22 back inline with track 26. In some embodiments, auto-refeed device 52 comprises two guide plates 54 and a vertical space 56 between plates 54 and an upper edge 59 of track 26. Space 56 provides an open path for projections 22 to pass from their dislodged position to their normally inline position within track 26, and guide plates 54 have a lead-in edge 58 that helps direct projections 22 back into their normally aligned position. One of skill in the art will appreciate that a variety of shapes or edges could be applied to plates 54 to facilitate re-entry of projections 22 into track 26. Guide plates 54 are preferably more rigid than retention strips 40.
Referring back to FIG. 6, when sensor 30 is to be installed within chamber 28 of track 26, retention strips 40 may need to be transparent or the retention strip may include a hole 60 through which a beam 62 of sensor 30 may pass. The term, “sensor” represents any element that emits, receives or reflects a signal that can pass through air. Typically, a photoelectric eye is used for this purpose, although other sensors could be employed. Photoelectric eye 30 can be used for detecting when an obstruction may be in the path of the door's panel 12. Upon sensing such an obstruction, photoelectric eye 30 might trigger an appropriate response, such as stopping or reversing the descent of panel 12. Supply and/or signal wiring 64 can be conveniently fed through chamber 28. Moreover, housing sensor or phototeye 30 within the chamber 28 keeps it protected from dust and other performance-limiting contaminants as well as protecting it from impact. It should be appreciated that, while a specific shape of track has been shown with a specific chamber 28, that a wide variety of track shapes including such a chamber of chambers could be provided without departing from the inventive concepts herein.
Although various means could be used for attaching retention strip 40 to track 26, in a currently preferred embodiment, a proximal edge 66 of each strip 40 is held within a retaining structure illustratively in the form of groove 68 defined by track 26. Retention strip 40 can be made of various materials including, but not limited to, an extruded piece of LEXAN, which is a registered trademark of General Electric of Pittsfield, Mass. Strip 40 can be extruded to form proximal edge 66 as an enlarged bead that helps hold strip 40 within groove 68. A small flange 70 on track 26 helps hold retention strip 40 across the opening of channel 44. While this arrangement is currently preferred for holding the retention strip, other arrangement, such as using mechanical or other fasteners to attach retention strip 40 to track 26 could also be used. In addition, an alternative for of the retention strip 40 is shown in FIG. 6a. In this embodiment, strip 40 includes an enlarged bead 67 at the distal edge thereof. The presence of such beads at the distal edge of the strips 40 may reduce wear from the panel passing thereby and may also facilitate a wedging action between projections 22 and the strip 40 for a breakaway condition (see FIG. 8).
Referring to FIG. 9, the threshold of the force needed for panel 12 to break away can be changed by replacing a first retention strip 40a with a second retention strip 40b, wherein strips 40a and 40b have different degrees of flexibility by virtue of the strip's shape, thickness and/or material properties. Strip 40a can be readily removed and strip 40b can be readily installed by sliding strips 40a and 40b vertically along groove 68. During the removal and installation process, the flexibility of strips 40a and 40b can aide in maneuvering the strips around obstacles.
FIG. 10 shows one way drive strip 24 can be provided with projections 22. In this example, each projection comprises a two-piece assembly similar to a threaded nut and bolt. One piece 22a has an externally threaded shank 72 that screws into an internally threaded mating piece 22b to create a threaded joint that helps fasten projections 22 to drive strip 24. Piece 22a is inserted into one of a series of holes 74 in strip 24, and mating piece 22b is then screwed onto shank 72 to hold the projection assembly in place. An adhesive 76 can be added to create a more solid connection between pieces 22a and 22b as well as a more solid connection between projection 22 and strip 24. While the adhesive is shown as applied to the threads of projections 22, it could be applied to other surfaces thereof, or to strip 24. Alternatively, a tape or other high friction material could be placed between the halves of the projections 22 to enhance the grip. A tape could even be applied along the length of strip 24. Relatively thin sections 78 between adjacent projections provide drive strip 24 with sufficient flexibility. Since the wear between drive gear 20 and drive strip 24 is distributed over many projections but just a few gear depressions of grooves 21, drive gear 20 is preferably made of metal or some other material that is harder or more wear resistant than projections 22. At the same time, the multiple contact events between the projections 22 and drive gear 20 may produce undesirable operating noise if drive gear 20 is formed of a harder material such as a metal. Accordingly, it may be desirable to form drive gear 20 of a generally softer material to reduce noise, although this could give the gear less than ideal wear characteristics. In short, the inventive concept is not limited by the relative hardness of the projections 22 and drive gear 20.
In an alternate embodiment, shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a drive strip 80 includes a plurality of projections 82 that are integrally formed into strip 80 by some suitable process such as vacuum forming or pressing. As is apparent from the drawing, these projections only project from on plane of the drive strip 24. As is also shown, the “plane” of drive strip 24 need not extend under the projection 22 therefrom. Another modification well within the scope of the disclosure would be to provide a track 84 that includes only one retention strip 40, as shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 13 illustrates yet another embodiment of a drive strip 84, wherein projections 86 are created by cutting notches 88 in an extruded strip. Notches 88 provide drive strip 84 with the ability to flex around a drive gear and various shaped tracks. FIG. 14 shows a similar drive strip 90, but in this example, a flexible material 12 forming the remainder of the panel extends across the full width of strip 90 to reinforce projections 86. FIG. 15 shows another embodiment where projections 94 are created by machining notches 96 into an extruded piece.
With projections 82, 86 or 94 on just one side of the drive strip, broad sealing contact could exist between a non-projection side of the drive strip and a facing surface 98 of track 84, thereby perhaps eliminating the need for seal 38 of FIG. 6. If, however, seal 38 is installed within track 26, seal 38 preferably comprises a flexible sealing strip 100 made of wear resistant material. Sealing strip 100 can be backed by a foam pad 102 or some other member that urges strip 100 in sealing contact against the edge of drive strip 24., thereby inhibiting air from leaking past panel 12 via track 26. FIG. 6a shows an alternative embodiment of a side seal. In this case, a loop 101 of fabric or other flexible material is disposed within track 26. The fabric loop 101 may have adequate structure to maintain its cross-sectional shape to provide a sealing function, but foam or captured air (or other compressible fluid) may be disposed inside to enhance this functionality. To prevent air from passing over the top of panel 12, a head seal 104 can be installed as shown in FIG. 4. Alternatively, a similar form of head seal could be carried on the panel 12 so that it would contact the wall or lintel at a similar vertical location to that shown in FIG. 4 with the door in the closed position.
FIGS. 16 and 17 show how different track segments 106 and 108 can be selectively arranged to create various storage track configurations. Countless other shapes of track segments and assembly configurations are well within the scope of the disclosure, including at least those shown in previously-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 7,028,741. In many cases, however, the storage track and drive gear are preferably arranged so that flexible panel 12 upon moving from the closed position to the open position bends one way about drive gear 20 to ensure at least 45-degrees of positive engagement therewith and then bends an opposite way to be stored in a generally out-of-the-way location. While the embodiments of FIGS. 16 and 17 show the panel disposed between the drive gear 20 and the wall above the opening, other arrangements are possible. For example, drive gear 20 could be between the panel 12 and the wall.
When a more compact storage configuration is preferred, panel 12 can be stored in the coiled arrangement of FIG. 5. Then panel is shown being pushed into this configuration in FIG. 4. In this case, storage track 32 comprises a scroll retention plate 110 that defines a scroll slot 112 into which drive strip 24 extends. Referring further to FIG. 18, scroll plate 110 can be fastened to a supporting side plate 114 by way of threaded fasteners 116. In some embodiments, fastener 116 comprises a threaded screw 18 and a nut 120 that clamp a sleeve 122 between plates 110 and 114. Sleeve 122 maintains a space 124 within which projections 22 can be contained between plates 110 and 114. To reduce the frictional drag between drive strip 24 and scroll plate 110 as drive gear 20 pushes strip 24 into storage track 32, slot 112 near an open-air central region 126 is wider than slot 112 near an outer periphery 128 of scroll plate 110 (compare dimensions 130 and 132).
A modification to further address the issue of friction in operation of a door as depicted in the drawings is shown in FIG. 5a. Here, free-wheeling rollers 133 are added adjacent to the scroll slot 112 of FIG. 4. These rollers not only provide less friction to the passing panel or drive strip as compared to contact of the panel or drive strip with the slot 112, but may also hold the panel and/or its drive strip separated from the surface of slot 112.
The employment of such free-wheeling rollers to reduce friction may also be desirable in other areas of the door. The embodiments shown herein, for example, depict a bearing guide 135 adjacent drive gear 20 (FIG. 5a). This bearing guide has a radiused interior complementary in dimension to the drive gear 20, and is disposed at a small gap from gear 20 through which panel 12 passes. Accordingly, bearing guide 135 helps hold projections 22 in contact with grooves 21 in drive gear 20 as panel 12 including drive strip 24 passes by. To still allow for this action, but to reduce overall friction, it may be desirable to included free-wheeling rollers similar to rollers 133 on or adjacent to bearing guide 135 to achieve similar benefits to employing rollers 13 elsewhere.
In some instances, it may not be possible or practical to reduce the frictional load on the system. In such instances, other techniques can be employed to address the issue. For example, a panel 12 stored in the spiral configuration of FIGS. 4/5 may generate significant friction as it coils up. Portions of the panel (particularly near the bottom thereof) are not as coiled, or remain generally flat even when the panel is coiled (such as the section of the panel just past drive gear 20 in FIG. 5). In such areas of the door, it may be desirable to have drive strip 24 have greater thickness (illustratively double thickness) to allow it to transmit a greater thrust force without buckling—thus allowing higher portions of the panel to be pushed into the spiral storage configuration even with a large frictional load. These techniques for minimizing or addressing friction are applicable to other storage configurations as well.
Panel 12 being stored in a loosely coiled arrangement, as shown in FIG. 5, not only helps prevent condensation from being trapped between adjacent wraps, but the spaced-apart wraps helps prevent window 34 from being scratched by proximal facing surfaces of panel 12.
To prevent centrifugal force from creating a whipping action at an upper edge 134 of panel 12 as panel 12 rapidly wraps into scroll track 32, a stiffener 136 can be attached to edge 134. Stiffener 136 is any member that is more rigid than panel 12. Examples of stiffener 136 include, but are not limited to, a metal or plastic channel member, angle member, bar, etc.
To help prevent panel 12 from sagging near the top of the doorway, a rotatable drum 138 (FIG. 1) or roller can be disposed along a rotational axis 140 of drive gear 20. In a currently preferred embodiment, drum 138 is installed between two laterally disposed drive gears 20, wherein drum 138 and the two drive gears 20 rotate as a unit. To help protect the exposed surfaces of drum 138 and panel 12 from wear, drum 138 can be covered. In one embodiment, it is covered with a material that is substantially the same as panel 12, although a wide variety of fabric materials or other coating could be used. For appearance and to prevent rubbing surfaces from marring or discoloring each other, the exposed surfaces of drum 138 and panel 12 may be the same color.
Although the invention is described with respect to a preferred embodiment, modifications thereto will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of the invention, therefore, is to be determined by reference to the following claims:
Patent Application
20070277942
