Patent Application
20220296441
This invention relates to a tracked vehicle, also called a crawler vehicle, designed for transporting reduced mobility persons, i.e. disabled or handicapped persons. In particular, this invention relates to a vehicle specially designed for transporting two people, including one reduced mobility person seated in a wheelchair.
The technical field of the invention is the one of transportation of people, in particular seated in a wheelchair, inside or outside a building, on a variety of ground configurations.
In the field of transportation of people seated in a wheelchair, US-A-2010/133018 discloses an all-terrain vehicle designed for handicapped individuals and including two endless belts associated with a relatively complex suspension system, potentially fragile. On the other hand, U.S. Pat. No. 4,960,180 discloses a wheelchair provided with an endless track drive for travel over rough ground. Such a wheelchair can be powered with an electric motor.
A problem with these known devices is that their turning radius is large, as compared to the size of the vehicle. In particular, if one tries to make a short turn on a soft ground, the movements of the endless belts tend to damage the ground on a large area. This can be a problem, for instance if such a vehicle is used for touring a handicapped person in an opened space, such as a public garden, where one risks damaging the garden alleys.
This invention aims at solving this problem by proposing a new tracked vehicle whose suspension system is reliable and allows shaft turning, without damaging, on a large area, the ground on which the vehicle is moving.
To this aim, the invention relates to a tracked vehicle for the transportation of at least one reduced mobility person, this vehicle comprising a passenger compartment and an endless track drive on each side of this passenger compartment. Each endless track drive comprises an endless belt, an electric motor connected to a drive pulley in engagement with the belt, an idle pulley, a sub-frame supporting the drive pulley and the idle pulley, respectively around a first rotation axis and a second rotation axis parallel to the first rotation axis, and a suspension system. According to the invention, the suspension system includes two articulated arms mounted on the sub-frame with a possibility of rotation around a first articulation axis and a second articulation axis, these articulation axes being parallel to the first and second rotation axes. Each articulated arm is equipped with several rollers in permanent contact with an upper surface of a lower strand of the endless belt, between the two pulleys, and with a set of teeth in meshing engagement with the set of teeth of the other arm. The suspension system also includes elastic means for biasing the sets of teeth of the two articulated arms toward the lower strand of the endless belt.
Owing to the invention, the elastic means push the two articulated arms toward the lower strand of the endless belt in a central zone of the endless track drive where the respective sets of teeth cooperate. Because of the meshing engagement between the sets of teeth, the two articulated arms have a coordinated movement, which concentrates the mechanical effort exerted by the elastic means on a central zone of the lower strand of the endless belt, near the rollers. This allows reducing the actual length of the contact zone between the lower surface of the lower strand of the endless belt and the ground. Thus, when the vehicle is making a turn, it interacts with the ground on a relatively small surface, which avoids damaging the ground on a large area.
According to further aspects of the invention, which are optional, such a tracked vehicle might incorporate one or several of the following features:
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly upon reading of the following description of one embodiment of a tracked vehicle implementing the invention, provided solely as an example and made in reference to the appended drawings, in which:
The vehicle 2 represented on
X2 denotes a longitudinal axis of the vehicle 2. This axis is aligned on the direction of movement of the vehicle when the vehicle moves in a straight direction. Axis X2 is horizontal when the vehicle 2 lies on a flat and horizontal ground surface S. Y2 denotes a transverse axis of the vehicle 2, this transverse axis being perpendicular to axis X2 and horizontal when the vehicle 2 lies on a horizontal and flat surface S. Z2 denotes a second transverse axis of the vehicle 2 which is perpendicular to axes X2 and Y2 and vertical when the vehicle 2 lies on a flat and horizontal surface S. P2 denotes a longitudinal median plane of the vehicle 2. This plane P2 includes axes X2 and Z2.
The driver D1 and the reduced mobility person P1 are both seated in a passenger compartment 6 defined by a cradle 8, or vehicle body, formed by a metallic box 82 and a plastic finishing profile 84. The metallic box 82 is manufactured by assembling several sheet metal plates, by welding and/or screwing.
According to a non-represented alternative embodiment of the invention, the vehicle body 8 or cradle can be made of a single piece, in particular by the metallic box 82 alone.
The passenger compartment 6 defines two locations, a first location 62 adapted for accommodating the reduced mobility person P1 seated in the wheelchair W and a second location 64 forming the driver's post, adapted for accommodating the driver D1. These two locations 62 and 64 are defined one after the other, along axis X2. The location 62 of the reduced mobility person P1 is situated on the front of the vehicle 2 and the driver's post 64 is situated on the back of the vehicle, the driver D1 being preferably seated slightly above the reduced mobility person P1, in order to have a unobstructed view to the front.
As shown on
The left side of the vehicle is the one located on the left of the driver D1 and of the reduced mobility person P1 seated in the passenger compartment 6. The left side of the vehicle 2 is visible on
A first endless track drive 10 is located on the left of the passenger compartment 6. A second endless track drive 12 is located on the right side of the vehicle 2.
The endless track drives 10 and 12 have basically the same structure. Hereafter, one describes the left endless track drive 10 in details. This description can be transposed to the right endless track drive 12.
The vehicle 2 includes a main frame 14 made of a first rigid part 142, located between the two endless track drives 10 and 12, and a second rigid part 144 extending upwardly above the first part 142, on the rear of the vehicle 2. The first and second rigid parts 142 and 144 of the main frame are made of sheet metal plates assembled together by welding and/or screwing.
The second part 144 of the main frame 14 defines a reception volume V144 for receiving batteries 16 mounted on the main frame 14, in order to supply the vehicle with electricity, in particular the endless track drives 10 and 12 and the piloting interface of the driver's post. As visible on
The first and second parts 142 and 144 and the main fame 14 are rigidly assembled together, e.g. by screwing.
The first part 142 of the main frame has a U shape with a base 1424 having a longitudinal axis A1424 parallel to axis Y2 and two branches, which extend toward the front of the vehicle 2. Only one of these branches is visible on
The left endless track drive 10 is mounted on the left non-visible branch of the first part 142 of the main frame 14, whereas the right endless track drive 12 is mounted on the right branch 1426 visible on
The left endless track drive 10 includes an endless belt 102 made of a synthetic material such as reinforced rubber. The outside surface of the endless belt 102 is provided with two parallel series of engagement patterns 104 for improving the adherence of the endless belt 102 on the ground.
The endless track drive 10 also includes an electric motor 106 supplied with electric courant by the batteries 16 and whose output shaft is connected to a drive pulley 108 provided with radial outer teeth 1082 in engagement with corresponding reliefs 1022 provided on the inner surface of the endless belt 102, opposite to the outer surface, where the engagement patterns 104 are located.
The drive pulley 108 is supported by a sub-frame 110, which is rigidly mounted on the left non-visible branch of the first part 142 of the main frame 14. This sub-frame 110 defines the rotation axis Y108 of the drive pulley 108, this rotation axis being parallel to axis Y2.
The sub-frame 110 also defines a rotation axis Y112, parallel to axis Y2, for an idle pulley 112 in contact with the inner surface of the endless belt 102.
A tensioning mechanism 114 is mounted on the sub-frame 110 and allows modifying the distance between axes Y108 and Y112, this distance being measured along axis X2. This mechanism allow modifying the tension of the endless belt 102.
The drive pulley 108 and the idle pulley 112 define the geometry of the endless belt 102 which forms an upper strand 102A, a lower strand 1028 in contact with the surface S of the ground, a front curve 102C and a back curve 102D.
The endless track drive 10 also includes a first arm 116 articulated on the sub-frame 110 around an articulation axis Y116 parallel to axis Y2. This first articulated arm 116 is equipped with two sets of rollers 118. Any set of rollers mentioned in this description includes two rollers, respectively located on the left and on the right of the arm on which they are mounted. The two sets of rollers 118 are located, along axis X2, between the two pulleys 108 and 112, actually between their articulations axes Y108 and Y112. These rollers are in permanent contact with the upper surface S102 of the lower strand 102B, that is the inner surface of the endless belt 102 at the level of the lower strand 102B. On the width of the belt 102, the rollers 118 are in contact with the surface S102 at a location in register with the engagement patterns 104.
By “permanent contact”, one means in this description that the rollers are always in contact with the surface S102 when the vehicle 2 lies on the ground, at still stand or in movement, in straight line or in a curve, under normal working conditions of the vehicle.
As visible on
Each plate 1164A and 1164B is provided with a toothed portion 1166A, respectively 1166B, in the form of an arc of a circle centered on articulation axis Y116. Each toothed portion 1166A or 1166B is made on an edge of the corresponding plate 1164A or 1164B, this edge being opposite to the shaft 1162. The toothed portions 1166A and 1166B together form a set of teeth 1166 of the first articulated arm 116.
A second arm 120 is articulated on the sub-frame 110 around an articulation axis Y120 parallel to axis Y2. This second articulated arm 120 is equipped with two sets of two rollers 118, which are located, along axis X2, between the two pulleys 108 and 112, actually between their articulation axes Y108 and Y112
In this example, the sets of rollers 118 of both articulated arms 116 and 120 are located, along axis X2, between articulation axes Y116 and Y120.
The second articulated arm 120 is also equipped with another set of rollers 119 located in front of articulation axis Y120 along axis X2, still between axes Y108 and Y112, but outside of the range between axes Y116 and Y120. This set of rollers 119 is optional.
Rollers 118 and 119 of the second articulated arm 120 are also in permanent contact with the upper surface S102 of the lower strand 1028 of the endless belt 102.
The second arm 120 includes a shaft 1202 extending along a longitudinal axis A120 and articulated on the sub-frame 110 near a first end 1202A, actually between one set of rollers 118 and the set of rollers 119. Axis A120 is radial with respect to articulation axis Y120. The shaft 1202 is has a rectangular cross section and is provided, at a second end 12028, with a fork structure 1204 with two plates 1204A and 1204B extending on either lateral side of the longitudinal axis A120 of the shaft 1202. Each plate 1204A or 1204B is equipped, on an edge opposite to the shaft 1202, with a toothed portion 1206A, respectively 12068. These toothed portions are in the form of an arc of a circle centered on articulation axis Y120. The structure of the fork structure 1204 is similar to the one of the fork structure 1164. The toothed portions 1206A and 1206B together form a set of teeth 1206 for the second articulated arm 120.
The sets of teeth 1166 and 1206 are in meshing engagement. In other words, articulation axes Y116 and Y120 are located on sub-frame 110 in such a way and the dimensions of the first and second articulated arms 116 and 120 are such that the two sets of teeth 1166 and 1206 remain in engagement when the two articulated arms 116 and 120 rotate, respectively around axes Y116 and Y120.
The two fork structures 1164 and 1204 allow distributing the mechanical efforts on the two articulated arms 116 and 120 on both longitudinal sides of the shafts 1162 and 1202. This avoids overstressing these two arms.
The second arm 120 is provided with a sole 1208, which extends between the two plates 1204A and 1204B and connects these two plates together, along their edges close to the lower strand 102B of the belt 102. This sole 1208 is visible on
Two coil springs 122 and 124 are inserted between this sole 1208 and a bracket 1102, which belongs to the sub-frame 110.
The two springs are compressed between the bracket 1102 and the sole 1208, so that they exert an effort E1 directed toward the surface S102 of the lower strand 1028, thus toward the surface S of the ground. This effort results in a primary torque T120 exerted on the second articulated arm 120, which tends to rotate this arm around articulation axis Y120 in a direction which pushes its rollers 118 against the lower strand 1028. Since the two sets of teeth 1166 and 1206 are in meshing engagement, this torque is transferred to the first articulated arm 116 in the form of a secondary torque T116. This secondary torque T116 tends to rotate the first articulated arm 116 around articulation axis Y116, in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the second articulated arm, which also tends to push the rollers 118 of this first articulated arm against the lower strand 102B.
Thus, parts 110 and 116 to 124 together form a suspension system for the endless track drive 10. In particular, this suspension systems allows keeping the lower strand 102B of the endless belt 102 in contact with the ground, even if the ground surface is irregular.
Because of the two torques T116 and T120 exerted by the two springs 122 and 124, the lower strand 102B of the endless belt 102 tends to bend to take a curved configuration with its concavity turned upwardly.
As partly shown on
A protection plate 126 is immobilized by two screws 128 on each plate 1164 and 1164B of the fork structure 1164 and extends towards the second articulated arms 120, so that it isolates the two set of teeth 1166 and 1206 from the environment. This protection plate covers an engagement zone between the sets of teeth, which is a volume where they are in meshing engagement. This avoids dust or mud from penetrating between the teeth of these two set of teeth. On
The description given here above for the left endless track drive 10 applies, mutatis mutandis, to the right endless track drive 12 which also includes an endless belt 102, an electric motor 106, a drive pulley 108, a sub-frame 110, an idle pulley 112, a tensioning mechanism 114, and first and second articulated arms 116 and 120, each equipped with rollers 118. Each articulated arms 116 or 120 of the right endless track drive 12 has a set of teeth in meshing engagement with the set of teeth of the other arm.
An effort similar to effort E1 identified here above for the left endless track drive 10 is applied by the two articulated arms 116 and 120 on the lower strand of the endless belt 102 of the right endless track drive 12, under the action of two coil springs forming biasing means, for biasing the sets of teeth toward this lower strand.
As a result of the structure of the suspension system formed in each endless track drive 10 or 12, the two articulated arms 116 and 120 are pushed by the elastic means 122 and 124 toward the lower strand 102B of the endless belt 102, in a central zone of the endless track drive, where the respective sets of teeth 1166 and 1206 cooperate, in particular between articulation axes Y116 and Y120 along axis X2. Because of the meshing engagement between the sets of teeth 1166 and 1206, the two articulated arms have a coordinated movement which concentrates the mechanical effort E1 exerted by the elastic means 122 and 124 on a central zone of the lower strand of the endless belt, at the level of the sets of rollers 118. This allows reducing the actual length of the contact zone between the lower surface of the lower strand and the ground, in particular on a loose ground. Thus, when the vehicle is making a turn, it interacts with the ground on relatively small surfaces, which avoid damaging the ground on a large area.
Since the sub-frames 110 of the two endless track drives 10 and 12 are mounted on the branches 1246 and equivalent of the first rigid part 142, the main frame 14 is supported, with respect to the ground, by the endless track drives 10 and 12, via the these two sub-frames.
The cradle 8 is supported with respect to the second part 144 of the main frame 14 by a parallelogram structure 18 which includes a first U-shaped support member 182 and a second U-shaped support member 184. The first U-shaped support member 182 includes a base 1822 centered on a longitudinal axis A1822 parallel to axis Y2 and two branches 1824 and 1826. These branches form two arms located on either side of the cradle 8 and extending toward the front of the vehicle 2. This U-shaped support member is rigidly connected to two brackets 183 articulated, around an axis Y183 parallel to axis Y2, on the second part 144 of the main frame 144. Thus, the first U-shaped support member 182 is pivotally mounted on the main frame 14, via the brackets 183. An articulation bearing 1828 is provided at the free and of each branch 1824 or 1826, in order to create an articulation with the cradle 8, around an axis Y182 parallel to axes Y2 and Y183. The second U-shaped support member 184 includes a base 1842 centered on a longitudinal axis A1842 parallel to axis Y2 and two branches 1844 and 1846. These branches form two arms located on either side of the cradle 8 and extending toward the front of the vehicle 2. This U-shaped support member is rigidly connected to two brackets 185 articulated, around an axis Y185 parallel to axis Y2, on the second part 144 of the main frame 144. Thus, the second U-shaped support member 184 is pivotally mounted on the main frame 14, via the brackets 185. An articulation bearing 1848 is provided at the free and of each branch 1844 or 1846, in order to create an articulation with the cradle 8, around an axis Y184 parallel to axes Y2 and Y183.
A damping mechanism 20 includes a U-shaped bracket 202 with a base 2022 extending along a longitudinal axis A2022 parallel to axis Y2 and two branches 2024 and 2026 extending toward the front of the vehicle, on either side of the cradle 8. The damping mechanism is rigidly mounted on the second part 144 of the main frame 14. On its free end, each branch 2024 or 2026 is equipped with a damping unit 2027, which includes two coil springs 2028 and one cover plate 2029. When it is mounted in the vehicle 2, the cradle 8 rests against the two cover plates 2029. This allows dampening relative movements and/or vibrations between the cradle 8 and main frame 14.
An actuator 22 is provided in the form of an electric cylinder. This electric cylinder 22 extends between the main frame 14 and the cradle 8, so that its rod 222 can move the cradle 8 with respect to the main frame 14, in the limits of the possibilities of movement defined by the parallelogram structure 18. Actually, since the cradle 8 is mounted on the parallelogram structure 18, the actuator 22 moves the cradle and the parallelogram structure at the same time, with respect to the main frame 14.
A fixed bracket 246 extends between the two rails, in a direction parallel to axis X2, and supports a profile 248 with a U-shaped cross section. The profile 248 has a first portion 2482 parallel to the floor 822 and a second portion 2484 angled at about 105° with respect to the first portion. A complementary profile 250, with a U-shaped cross section, is articulated onto the bracket 246 around an axis Y250 parallel to axis Y2. The structure of bracket 246 and profiles 248 and 250 is comparable to the one used on some trailers for holding a wheel of a motorbike.
A cart 262 is mounted on rails 242 and 244 with a possibility of a translation parallel to axes Y242 and Y244. The cart 262 supports a profile 264 similar to profile 248, with a U-shaped cross section and two portions angled with respect to each other. The cart 262 also supports a complementary profile 266, identical to complementary profile 250 and articulated on an axis Y268 superimposed with axis Y250. Profiles 264 and 266 work in the same way as profiles 248 and 250, for holding a wheel of a wheelchair.
A crossbeam structure 268 connects bracket 246 and cart 262. The respective ends of the two rods 2682 and 2684 of this crossbeam structure 268 are engaged in slots 247 and 263 respectively provided on the bracket 246 and on the cart 262, these slots extending parallel to axis X2.
Thus, the mechanism 24 allows adjusting the distance between profiles 248-250 and profiles 264-266 to the axial track of the wheelchair W, by moving the cart 262 along the rails 242 and 244, with respect to the bracket 246. Thanks to the crossbeam structure, the cart has only a translational movement parallel to axes Y242 and Y244, so that the profiles remain parallel to plane P2, which guarantees an easy introduction or extraction of the wheels of the wheelchair. This provides a good versatility for the tracked vehicle 2, which can be used with different types of wheelchairs, in particular for children and adults.
As shown by the comparison of
Also, as shown on
The front panel 86 is optional. It is also possible to use the vehicle body without such a panel. In such a case, in the configuration of
This possibility of lowering the front part 8A of the cradle 8, and possibly the front panel 86, between the two endless track drives 10 and 12 derives from the U-shape of the first part 142 of the main body 14. With such a U-shape, the main body does not hinder the downward movement of the front part 8A of the vehicle body 8 towards the ground.
The invention is represented here in case the passenger compartment includes a single front location for accommodating one reduced mobility person. According to a non-represented alternative embodiment, two such locations can be provided on the front of the vehicle for accommodating two persons seated next to each other, in a wheelchair or on a standard seat. More than two such front locations are also conceivable.
Alternatively, the driver and the reduced mobility person can seat next to each other in the passenger compartment, instead of one behind the other.
In a variant, the mechanism 24 can be removed and a standard seat can be mounted instead, in the passenger compartment, for accommodating a reduced mobility person who does not need a wheelchair.
According to the non-represented alternative embodiment of the invention, a single coil spring 122 is used, in each endless track drive, for exerted the effort E1.
In a variant, instead of one or several coil spring(s), one can use another type of elastic biasing means, such as one or several leaf spring(s) or one or several elastomeric block(s).
The number of sets of rollers 118 and 119 mounted on the first and second articulated arms can be different from 2 for the first articulated arm and 3 for the second articulated arm, as long as at least one set of rollers is present on each articulated arm.
In a variant, the sole, which receives the biasing effort exerted by the elastic means, is provided on the first articulated arm 116.
In a variant, the protection plates 126 are mounted on the second articulated arm 120. In another variant, one protection plate 126 is mounted on the first articulated arm 116 and the other protection plate 126 located on the other side of the sets of teeth, is mounted on the second articulated arm 120.
In a variant, the articulated arms 116 and 120 are not equipped with fork structures and include only one toothed section each.
The embodiment, variants and alternatives embodiments considered here above may be combined in order to generate new embodiments of the invention.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19306063.9 | Sep 2019 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/074298 | 9/1/2020 | WO |
