Patent Application
20170039306
The present invention relates to a technology for optimizing specifications of a newly constructed traffic system by a simulation using a calculator.
As a conventional technology for supporting optimization of a railroad system, there is a technology related to a train service simulation device capable of displaying energy consumption of a substation or a train running pattern in specific specifications (for example, see PTL 1).
In addition, as a conventional technology for a traffic flow simulation, there is a technology for estimating a demand traffic volume approximate to an actual traffic volume using a travel time obtained on a congested road based on an ideal travel time obtained by calculation and an actual travel time measured on the road in a specific section, and performing a traffic flow simulation based on the estimated demand traffic volume (for example, see PTL 2).
PTL 1: JP 2006-254536 A
PTL 2: JP 2013-137715 A
A traffic system of a railroad, a monorail, a surface car, etc. involves a high initial cost for infrastructure development and a high running cost for infrastructure maintenance. Therefore, there is a desire to construct a traffic system that ensures a required transport volume at an initial cost and running cost as low as possible.
With regard to the above object, for example, a train service simulation device capable of displaying energy consumption of a substation or a train running pattern in specific specifications has been proposed as described in PTL 1 to support optimization of a railroad system which is a traffic system.
However, a traffic system such as a railroad system is complex, and the number of design parameters is significantly large. Thus, a user has difficulty in determining optimum specifications of the railroad system through a manual operation from a result of the train service simulation device. In addition, various constraints are present in designing the railroad system, and there is difficulty in performing optimization by taking all the constraints into consideration in advance. It is a problem to provide a device capable of flexibly responding to a change in a constraint in the traffic system.
In order to solve the above issue, for example, a traffic system optimization device according to the present invention includes: an optimization condition setting unit that has a function of designating a condition as a range on a map when specifications of a traffic system are optimized; an optimization execution unit that optimizes the specifications of the traffic system by a simulation using a calculator under an optimization condition set by the optimization condition setting unit; an optimization result analysis unit that groups optimal solutions analogous to each other obtained by the optimization execution unit; and an analysis result display unit that has at least a function of displaying a range of a design variable for each group of an optimal solution grouped by the optimization result analysis unit on the map.
According to the invention, it is possible to support selection of optimum specifications of a traffic system, and to flexibly respond to a change in a constraint when the change is present.
As described above, for example, a traffic system optimization device of the invention includes an optimization condition setting unit that has a function of designating a condition as a range on a map when specifications of a traffic system are optimized, an optimization execution unit that optimizes the specifications of the traffic system by a simulation using a calculator under an optimization condition set by the optimization condition setting unit, an optimization result analysis unit that groups optimal solutions analogous to each other obtained by the optimization execution unit, and an analysis result display unit that has at least a function of displaying a range of a design variable for each group of an optimal solution grouped by the optimization result analysis unit on the map.
In the above-described configuration, the optimization condition setting unit may include a cost database in which data necessary to determine an initial cost of a railroad system such as a price of each component of the railroad system and data necessary to determine a running cost of the railroad system such as electric charges, personnel expenses, etc. are recorded, a design parameter setting unit that has a function of determining a specification to be set as a design parameter and optimized among specifications of the railroad system, and designating a range thereof on a map, a constraint condition setting unit that sets a constraint condition in optimization, and an objective function setting unit that sets an objective function in optimization. In addition, the optimization execution unit may include a parameter optimization unit, a rail service simulation unit that calculates power consumption or transportation capacity of the railroad system in a given design parameter, a cost calculation unit that calculates an initial cost or a running cost of the traffic system based on at least one of the data recorded in the cost database, a design parameter given by the parameter optimization unit, and an output of the rail service simulation unit, and an objective function calculation unit that calculates a value of an objective function according to a method of calculating an objective function set by the objective function setting unit based on at least one of an output of the rail service simulation unit and an output of the cost calculation unit. In addition, the optimization result analysis unit includes an analogous optimal solution grouping unit that groups analogous optimal solutions using a clustering method. In addition, the analysis result display unit may include a pareto solution display unit that displays a pareto solution obtained by the optimization execution unit and an optimal solution group to which each pareto solution belongs on a graph using a variable set by a user as an axis, and an optimization details display unit that displays various detailed information of each optimal solution group on a map.
In addition, in the above-described configuration, the traffic system optimization device may further include a traffic condition database in which data related to a traffic condition of a city where the traffic system is constructed is recorded. Here, the data pertains to a traffic volume in at least a portion of a traffic system component including each intersection and a road. In addition, the optimization execution unit may include a traffic movement simulator that evaluates a change in a congestion condition on a road before and after the traffic system is constructed.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described as respective examples in detail using drawings.
Hereinafter, a description will be given of Example 1 corresponding to a first embodiment of the invention.
The traffic system optimization device in the present example mainly includes an input unit 110, an output unit 120, a calculation processing unit 130, a memory unit 140, and a cost database 2110. These units may be connected to each other through a network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.
Specifically, the input unit 110 corresponds to a communication cable, a hard disk drive device, a CD-ROM device, a DVD device, a memory card reader, and various input devices such as a keyboard, etc., and is used when a user of the present device inputs some data to the present device.
The memory unit 140 is used to record information necessary when the present device performs calculation, a calculation result, etc.
Data necessary to determine an initial cost of the railroad system such as a price of each component of the railroad system, data necessary to determine a running cost of the railroad system such as electric charges or personnel expenses, etc. are recorded in the cost database 2110.
Specifically, the calculation processing unit 130 is a central processing unit (CPU), and executes information processing in the traffic system optimization device. An optimization condition setting means 160, an optimization execution means 170, an optimization result analysis means 180, an analysis result display means 190, etc. are executed in the calculation processing unit 130.
In the present example, the optimization condition setting means 160 includes a design parameter setting means 210, a constraint condition setting means 220, and an objective function setting means 230.
The design parameter setting means 210 provides a user interface in which a specification to be optimized by the user is set as a design parameter and a range thereof is designated when specifications of the railroad system are optimized. The design parameter setting means 210 includes at least a user interface that allows designation of a range in which a facility or an apparatus included in the railroad system can be constructed or installed on a map of a city where the railroad system is constructed.
The constraint condition setting means 220 provides a user interface for selecting a parameter corresponding to a constraint condition and inputting a maximum value or a minimum value thereof, or a user interface for inputting a constraint equation by the user when specifications of the railroad system are optimized.
The objective function setting means 230 provides a user interface for designating a calculation result as an objective function by the user among calculation results of a rail service simulation means 250 and a cost calculation means 260. In addition, it is possible to include a user interface for designating a scheme of calculating an objective function from calculation results of the rail service simulation means 250 and the cost calculation means 260. Further, a plurality of objective functions may be designated.
In addition, in the present example, the optimization execution means 170 includes a parameter optimization execution means 240, the rail service simulation means 250, the cost calculation means 260, and an objective function calculation means 270.
The rail service simulation means 250 evaluates power consumption, transportation capacity, etc. of the railroad system in a design parameter given by the parameter optimization means 240.
The cost calculation means 260 calculates an initial cost or a running cost of the traffic system based on the data recorded in the cost database 2110, the design parameter given by the parameter optimization means 240, and the result of the rail service simulation means 250.
The objective function calculation means 270 calculates a value of an objective function according to a method of calculating an objective function set by the objective function setting means 230 based on the results of the rail service simulation means 250 and the cost calculation means 260.
The parameter optimization means 240 performs multi-objective optimization to optimize a design parameter using, for example, an optimization scheme such as a widely known genetic algorithm based on a value of the design parameter or an objective function value corresponding thereto.
In addition, in the present example, the optimization result analysis means 180 includes an analogous optimal solution grouping means 280.
The analogous optimal solution grouping means 280 groups analogous optimal solutions to prepare an optimal solution group using, for example, a clustering method such as the widely known k-means method based on values of a design parameter and an objective function.
In addition, in the present example, the analysis result display means 190 includes a pareto solution display means 290 and an optimal solution details display means 2100.
The pareto solution display means 290 displays a pareto solution and an optimal solution group to which each pareto solution belongs on a graph using a variable designated by the user as an axis. A variable that can be selected as the axis may correspond to the design parameter, or may be the objective function or the constraint condition. In addition, a plurality of graphs may be simultaneously displayed. The pareto solution display means 2100 has at least a function of designating a variable serving as an axis at the time of display, and a function of distinguishably displaying an optimal solution for each optimal solution group using a marker, a color, etc.
The optimal solution details display means 2100 displays various detailed information of an optimal solution belonging to each optimal solution group. The optimal solution details display means 2100 has at least a function capable of displaying a design parameter, which is displayable on a map, on the map among design parameters of an optimal solution belonging to an optimal solution group, and displaying a range of an optimal design parameter.
Next, a flow of processing of the present example will be described.
First, the user sets a design parameter, a range thereof, a constraint condition, and a method of calculating an objective function using user interfaces provided by the design parameter setting means 210, the constraint condition setting means 220, and the objective function setting means 230 (S410, S420, and S430)
For example, the user designates a range in which a starting station, a way station, a terminal station, or a facility such as a substation can be constructed on the map of the city where the railroad system is constructed using the user interface provided by the design parameter setting means 210 (510). For example, a range of a design parameter, etc. which cannot be designated as a range on the map is designated through a user interface illustrated in 520.
In addition, the user designates a parameter of the traffic system serving as a constraint condition, designates a maximum value or a minimum value thereof, or inputs an equation serving as the constraint condition using the user interface provided by the constraint condition setting means 220 (530)
In addition, the user designates a parameter of the traffic system serving as an objective function or inputs a calculation formula for calculation of the objective function using the user interface provided by the objective function setting means 270 (540).
In
Subsequently, the design parameter optimization means sets the design parameter to an appropriate value (S440).
Subsequently, the rail service simulation means 250 estimates power consumption or a transport volume of the railroad system in the value of the design parameter set in S440 (S450).
Subsequently, the cost calculation means 260 calculates the initial cost or the running cost of the railroad system using a result of the rail service simulation means 250, the data recorded in the cost database 2110, etc. (S460).
Subsequently, the objective function calculation means 270 calculates an objective function value based on a parameter or a calculation formula designated by the user through the objective function setting means 230 using calculation results of S450 and S460 (S470).
When the objective function value is calculated, the present device determines whether the design parameter is an optimal value from the objective function value, a change in the objective function value, etc. When the design parameter is determined to be not optimum, the design parameter optimization means 240 changes the value of the design parameter to an appropriate value (S440), and executes S450 to S470 again.
When the design parameter is determined to be optimum, the analogous optimal solution grouping means 280 groups a plurality of optimal solutions analogous to each other obtained as a result of S440 to S470 (S480). Specifically, a difference dij between two optimal solutions i and j is calculated by Equation 1 using objective function values of the optimal solutions, and optimal solutions, a difference of which is small, are grouped using, for example, the clustering method such as the widely known k-mean method.
Herein, yki denotes a value of a k-th objection function of an i-th optimal solution, and ykj denotes a value of a k-th objection function of a j-th optimal solution. For example, when optimization is performed by setting the transport volume and the power consumption of the railroad system as objective functions, and a pareto solution illustrated in
Subsequently, the user displays the optimal solutions grouped by the analogous solution optimal solution grouping means 280 using the pareto solution display means 290 and the optimal solution details display means 2100.
Specifically, the user selects an axis to be displayed and displays an optimal solution obtained as a result of optimization using the user interface provided by the pareto solution display means 290 (S490). An example of display of an optimal solution by the pareto solution display means 2100 is illustrated in
The user may display detailed information of an optimal solution group using the optimal solution details display means 2100 by selecting a design solution group from the user interface provided by the pareto solution display means 290, etc. (S4100).
An example thereof is illustrated in
According to the present example described above, the user may determine a location at which a station, a track, a facility, etc. of the railroad system are to be installed, and may flexibly respond to a case in which an installation location needs to be changed due to various reasons since the location is displayed as a range.
Hereinafter, a description will be given of Example 2 corresponding to a second embodiment of the invention. The present example is an example of a traffic system optimization device capable of performing optimization of specifications in consideration of an influence on a traffic condition of a city where a traffic system is constructed in addition to evaluation of an initial cost and a running cost of a traffic system such as a railroad system. In description below, a railroad system which is a traffic system will be given as an example, and a device for optimizing the railroad system will be described. However, a traffic system to be optimized by the traffic system optimization device of the invention is not restricted to the railroad system.
In the traffic system optimization device illustrated in
The traffic system optimization device in the present example mainly includes an input unit 110, an output unit 120, a calculation processing unit 130, a memory unit 140, a traffic condition database 820, and a cost database 2110. These units may be connected to each other through a network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.
Data related to a traffic condition of a city where the railroad system is constructed is recorded in the traffic condition database 820. Here, the data corresponds to a traffic volume at each intersection or on a road, etc.
An optimization execution means 170 includes a design parameter optimization means 240, a rail service simulation means 250, a traffic movement simulation means 810, a cost calculation means 260, and an objective function calculation means 270.
The traffic movement simulation means 810 evaluates a change in a congestion condition on a road before and after the traffic system is constructed, etc. based on the data recorded in the traffic condition database 820, a simulation result of the rail service simulation means 250, and a design parameter value given by the parameter optimization means 240 using, for example, the technology described in PTL 2.
Next, a description will be given of a flow of processing of the present example.
First, in the present example, the traffic movement simulation means estimates a congestion condition on a road of a city before the railroad system is constructed using the data of the traffic condition database (S1010).
In processing steps S410, S420, and S430, the user sets a design parameter, a constraint condition, and an objective function using user interfaces provided by a design parameter setting means, a constraint condition setting means, and an objective function setting means. Examples of the user interfaces at this time are illustrated in
In the present example, for example, a congestion condition on the road of the city before the railroad system is constructed may be displayed on a screen (for example, a map, etc.), on which a range of a design parameter, etc. can be designated, and a range of the design parameter may be designated on the screen (1110). For example, a range of a design parameter which cannot be designated as a range on the map is designated through a user interface illustrated in 1120.
In addition, the user designates a parameter of the traffic system serving as a constraint condition, designates a maximum value or a minimum value thereof, or inputs an equation serving as the constraint condition using a user interface provided by the constraint condition setting means 220 (1130).
In addition, the user designates a parameter of the traffic system serving as an objective function or inputs a calculation formula for calculation of the objective function using the user interface provided by the objective function setting means 270 (1140).
In processing step S1020, the traffic movement simulation means 810 estimates a change in a congestion condition on the road due to an influence of construction of the railroad system based on a result of the rail service simulation means 250, the date recorded in the traffic condition database 820, the design parameter, etc. (S1020).
In processing step S4100, detailed information of each optimal solution group is displayed by the optimal solution details display means 2100. An example thereof is illustrated in
According to the present example described above, the user may determine a location at which a station, a track, a facility, etc. of the railroad system are to be installed after determining the degree of improvement of a traffic condition of the city by the railroad system.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/061114 | 4/21/2014 | WO | 00 |
