Patent Application
20210354614
Transportation of cargo is important in many industries. Trucks and trailers are widely used for transporting cargo or loads. One of the difficulties in transporting loads is unloading the cargo. For many loads or cargo, special and/or heavy equipment is necessary to unload the cargo from the truck or trailer. However, unloading equipment is not always available at the delivery site. Unavailability of unloading equipment wastes time and may severely restrict the size, weight, or other features of cargo that may be transported on a particular truck/trailer setup. Alternatively, the need for unloading equipment that would not otherwise be available may require special efforts to make unloading equipment available at a delivery site, e.g., by hiring and scheduling unloading equipment, or by carrying unloading equipment on the truck/trailer setup that will be used for transportation. For example, a flatbed semi-trailer may be used to transport multiple pallets with heavy loads. The flatbed semi-trailer may be equipped to carry a forklift in addition to the pallets loaded with cargo. At a delivery site, the forklift is used to lift the pallets from the raised bed of the flatbed semi-trailer and then set the pallets on the ground.
Although it may make sense in some applications to carry a forklift, often it is not economical or is undesirable for other reasons. For example, often only a small number of pallets or other items must be transported. Although 1-4 pallets could be transported on a modestly sized trailer pulled by a pickup truck, the need for unloading equipment often results in the inefficient practice of using a huge flatbed semi-trailer to transport only 1-4 pallets—because a forklift for unloading must be transported to the delivery site in addition to the pallets. Also, it is often desirable to limit the size of a cargo transportation trailer when the delivery location may have weight, size, or movement restrictions. Again, the need for transporting a forklift or other unloading equipment may make such deliveries impossible and/or uneconomical, or may require delivery at a sub-optimal location, or may make the delivery operation unnecessarily difficult or time consuming.
Tilting trailers are known in the art. However, tilting trailers are often ineffective for palletized cargo for multiple reasons. First, the friction between the bottom of a loaded pallet and the surface of a trailer bed may be so great that it is difficult to tilt the trailer sufficiently to overcome the friction so that the pallet slides off the tilted trailer under the force of gravity. Second, using a traditional tilting trailer, once the trailer is tilted sufficiently—so that a pallet begins sliding—it is difficult or impossible to control the speed at which the pallets slides down the tilted trailer bed and onto the ground. Because of the angle of the tilted trailer relative to the ground, the distance between the lower end of the tilted trailer and the ground, and the characteristics of the loaded pallet (e.g., height, weight, shape, weight distribution, fragility), uncontrolled sliding of the loaded pallet, as well as the impact with the ground, is dangerous, may result in damage to the pallet or cargo on the pallet, and/or may result in tipping of the pallet. Also, with a traditional tilting trailer solution, it is impossible to move a pallet back toward the front of the trailer after it has slid or otherwise been moved toward the back of the trailer.
What is needed is an improved system and method for loading and unloading cargo, including both palletized cargo and loose cargo (e.g., rocks, gravel, soil), onto a trailer or off a trailer.
A system and method are disclosed for improved loading and unloading of cargo onto and from a trailer. The system may be referred to herein as a “Trailer Loading/Unloading System.”
In one embodiment, the Trailer Loading/Unloading System may comprise a tilting flatbed trailer having one or more push bars configured to push palletized cargo off the trailer and prevent rapid descent or undesireable slipping of palletized cargo.
A push bar may be secured between two chains, with one chain on each side of the trailer bed. The chains may loop by running above the trailer bed in one direction and below the trailer bed in the opposite direction. The chains may loop around a front chain guide shaft and a rear chain guide shaft. The front chain guide shaft and rear chain guide shaft may be secured to the underside of the trailer in a manner that allows the shafts to spin. The shafts may have sprockets around which the chains loop.
A push bar may be a two inch by two inch (2″×2″) square steel tube, and may be secured between the two chains using adapter hardware. The trailer may further include a motor, which may be an adapted winch or drive motor, for driving the front chain guide shaft, and thereby moving a push bar along the top of the surface of the trailer's cargo bed.
The trailer may include a controller, e.g., a remote, for controlling the motor.
The trailer may further include an elevating system, e.g., a hydraulic lift actuator, disposed to elevate the front of the trailer, thereby tilting the trailer toward the rear.
The trailer may further include one or more ground extensions for fully or partially bridging the gap between the rear of the bed of the trailer and the ground when the trailer is in a tilted state.
The trailer may include more than one push bar, and may be configured for transporting, loading, and unloading of more than one pallet or cargo unit.
In one exemplary method, a trailer may be unloaded by (1) elevating the front of the trailer so that the trailer is in a tilted state, e.g., a 12-19 degree incline; (2) activating the motor to drive the push bar(s) toward the rear of the trailer, thereby pushing the palletized cargo toward the rear of the trailer; and (3) pulling the trailer forward when the palletized cargo is touching the ground.
The motor may be activated to turn in the opposite direction to move the push bar(s) toward the front of the trailer, thereby allowing for positioning of palletized cargo in either direction.
In one embodiment, the push bars, which may be referred to as cross-supports, may be spaced to allow for placing a pallet or other item on top of the cross-supports.
In another embodiment, a layer or loop of belting may be secured around the cross-supports to provide a covering for the cross-supports, thereby allowing for handling of loose materials, e.g., gravel, rocks, or soil.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/935,765, filed on Mar. 26, 2018, titled “Trailer Loading and Unloading System,” and the first inventor of which is Randall Marble.
A system and method are disclosed for loading and unloading cargo, including palletized cargo, onto and off a trailer.
In one embodiment, the disclosed Trailer Loading/Unloading System comprises a flatbed trailer (which may be a tilting trailer); two chain loops, one running along each side of the cargo hold of the trailer; a rear chain guide shaft secured to the underside of the rear end of the trailer bed; a front chain drive shaft secured to the underside of the front of the trailer bed; a chain drive motor configured to turn the front chain drive shaft; and at least one push bar secured between the two chain loops.
The following table is for convenience only, and should not be construed to supersede any potentially inconsistent disclosure herein.
Tilting flatbed trailer (“trailer”) 100, as shown in
In one embodiment, trailer bed 110 may have a width of 72 inches and a length of 132 inches. For reference, one common pallet size is 40 inches wide×48 inches long. A trailer bed 100 with these dimensions is large enough, according to one embodiment of the Trailer Loading/Unloading System disclosed herein, to transport two standard 40 inch×48 inch (40″×48″) pallets. Other embodiments may include trailers that are large enough at least for three or four pallets.
Although surface 111 of trailer bed 110 may be many materials (e.g., wood, steel, other metal, metal composites, or other materials known in the art), in one embodiment, surface 111 may be three sixteenths inch ( 3/16″) steel sheet to decrease friction and promote sliding of pallets. Depending on characteristics of a particular application, different materials may be used for surface 111. Factors may include desired slipperiness/friction characteristics, durability, smoothness, cost, color, performance when wet, or other factors.
In one embodiment, surface 111 of trailer bed 110 may be smooth. Depending on characteristics of a particular application, surface 111 may have grooves running the length (i.e., front to back) of trailer 110, or may be corrugated, or may have other features.
As shown in
As shown in
Sprockets are designed to be complementary to chains 120 and 130. For example, sprockets 144 and 146 may comprise teeth sized to fit in the voids in the links of chains 120 and 130. In one embodiment, sprockets 144 and 146 may each a tooth cross section length of to fit the voids in the links of chains 120 and 130.
The distance between left sprocket 144 and right sprocket 146 may be 56 inches, which is the width of a standard pallet (48 inches) plus an extra four inches on each side of the pallet as working space.
As shown in
As shown in
Front chain drive shaft 150 may include motor adapter sprocket 158. As shown in
The teeth on motor adapter sprocket 158 are complementary to motor drive chain 161, which is driven by motor 160.
Motor 160 may be any kind of motor or other powered device known in the art for driving a chain. In one embodiment, motor 160 may be a winch including an adapter 162 for driving chain 161, which in turn drives motor adapter sprocket 158, including front chain drive shaft 150.
Motor 160 may be controlled by one of many control interfaces known in the art. In one embodiment, motor 160 may be controlled by motor control 163, which may be a dual signal handheld remote control.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
In some embodiments, more than one push bar may be secured between chains 120 and 130. For example, for a trailer 100 that is large enough for two pallets, two push bars may be secured between different sets of corresponding links in chains 120 and 130. Using more than one push bar may allow pallets to be pushed independently, i.e., without the pallets pushing each other. Also, if push bars are installed such that a push bar is both in front of and behind a pallet, then the pallet may be both pushed toward rear 102 of trailer 100 and toward front 101 of trailer 100. This is useful for several reasons. For example, if trailer 100 is carrying two pallets, then a first pallet, e.g., the pallet closest to rear 102 of trailer 100, may be unloaded by activating motor 160 to move chains 120 and 130 and secured push bars toward rear 102 of trailer 100. When the first pallet has been unloaded, motor 160 may be activated in the opposite direction, i.e., to move chains 120 and 130 and secured push bars toward front 101 of trailer 100. This may allow for balancing the trailer when it is carrying only one loaded pallet instead of two.
Trailer 100 may also include jack 180. As shown in
In one embodiment, jack 180 and motor 160 may be powered by one or more batteries secured to trailer 100. For example, two vehicle batteries may be secured to trailer 100 to provide power to jack 180 and motor 160. In one embodiment, these batteries may be charged primarily by the power system of the truck or other vehicle that is attached to trailer 100 for pulling and otherwise moving trailer 100. Trailer 100 may include a battery charger, which may also be connected to a power system for a vehicle. Turning on the battery charger periodically, e.g., once a week, to top of the batteries may prolong battery life. As will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art, many alternative power systems or variations on power systems could be employed for powering jack 180 and motor 160.
In one embodiment, trailer 100 may include a control for controlling jack 180 and/or motor 160. The control may be a hand-held dual signal radio remote control configured to control both jack 180 and motor 160. Using a hand-held radio remote control avoids inconvenience, unwieldiness, and interference that may result from using a control that connects to the jack 180 and/or motor 170 using a cable, cord, or wire. Because trailer 100 has moving parts, it may be dangerous and/or inconvenient to control such moving parts with a control that is connected via a cable, cord or wire. Further, having a remote control with an interface and controls for both jack 180 and motor 160 may increase convenience and efficiency for several reasons. First, it is generally easier to manipulate one control than two separate controls. Second, with an interface and controls for both jack 180 and motor 160 on the same remote, it may be easier to operate both jack 180 and motor 160 simultaneously. This may be desirable to increase efficiency by activating motor 160 to push palletized cargo toward the rear of trailer 100 while jack 180 is raising/tilting trailer 100.
In one embodiment, as shown in
In one embodiment, bed 110 of tilting trailer 100 may be secured to a pivot point at the rear of the rear axle of tilting trailer 100. Securing bed 110 at the rear of the rear axle may mitigate or avoid obstruction by the rear axle when bed 110 tilts toward the rear as described herein.
Using the Trailer Loading/Unloading System as disclosed herein, pallets and other loads may be conveniently unloaded from trailer 100.
In one exemplary unloading method, as shown in flowchart 300 in
At step 310, a user may use jack 180 to push front 101 of trailer 100 upward from tongue 106 such that trailer bed 110 is tilted downward toward rear 102 of trailer 100.
At step 320, a user may activate motor 160 to move chains 120 and 130, as these chains run above trailer bed 110, toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110. As chains 120 and 130 move toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110, push bars 170, 171, and 172 also move toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110. As push bars 170 and 171 move toward rear 102 of trailer bed 100, they engage pallets 190 and 191, pushing them toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110.
At step 330, a user may de-activate motor 160 when rear edge of pallet 191 comes into contact with the ground 195.
At step 340, a user may pull trailer 100 forward, e.g., by driving forward in the truck or other vehicle to which trailer 100 is secured. Because rear edge of pallet 191 is now in contact with ground 195, the rear edge of pallet 191 catches on ground 195, and the friction or “catch” between the rear edge of pallet 191 and ground 195 causes pallet 191 to slide off trailer bed 110 as trailer 100 is pulled forward. Motor 160 may also be activated to assist pallet 191 in sliding off trailer bed 110, so that push bar 172 pushes pallet 191 toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110 while trailer 100 is being pulled forward. As trailer 100 is pulled forward, and push bar 172 possibly pushes pallet 191 toward rear 102 of trailer bed 110 and ground 195, pallet 192 is eventually completely unloaded from trailer 100 onto the ground.
At step 350, trailer 100 may be pulled forward to clear the area on ground 195 where pallet 191 is located.
Alternatively, prior to unloading pallet 190, at step 360 jack 180 may be activated in the reverse direction, i.e., to level trailer bed 110.
Optionally, at step 370, prior to leveling of trailer bed 110, during leveling of trailer 110, or after leveling of trailer 110, motor 160 may be activated to move chains 120 and 130, and secured push bars 170, 171, and 172, along the top of trailer bed 110 toward front 101 of trailer 100. During this movement, push bar 172 may engage pallet 190 and push pallet 190 toward front 101 of trailer bed 100, thereby allowing for placement of pallet 190 so that trailer 100 is balanced.
At step 380, trailer 100 may be moved to a different location for unloading of pallet 190, which may take place in the same manner that pallet 191 was unloaded.
At step 390, pallet 190 may be unloaded from trailer bed 110 similarly to the unloading of pallet 191.
Although the disclosure herein relates for the most part to unloading of pallets or other cargo, the Trailer Loading/Unloading System as described herein also has benefits for loading. For example, the motor and push bars may be used to position a pallet or cargo on a trailer.
Even though the disclosure herein is directed toward a trailer, it could also be applied to a truck bed, semi-trailer, dry box trailer, or flatbed trailer, or any other trailer with similar characteristics.
The disclosure herein applies analogously to loads other than traditional pallets, but that may have features and/or characteristics similar to pallets and/or palletized loads.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in
In one embodiment, as shown in
In general, cross-support 870a may be secured at a first end to link 821a and at a second end to opposing link 831a. As described herein above for push bar 170 and links 121n and 131n (see
Cross-support 870a may have many shapes, dimensions, cross-sectional profiles, patterns, and other features. Cross-support 870a may also be non-uniform in cross-sectional profile or in other features and/or characteristics. In general, although cross-support 870a may have many different shapes, sizes, and dimensions, several considerations may guide design and features of cross-support 870a: weight, ease of attaching to links, movement with chain loops, strength, profile, usability, safety. In general, decreasing weight (as long as other necessary performance requirements are satisfied) is desirable to decrease the weight of trailer 800. Some shapes, designs, and/or patterns may be more amenable to attachment to links 821a and 831a. If a cross-support design is wider than a link, it may partially or completely prevent or obstruct movement of the cross-support around the front end and back end of chain loops 820 and 830. In general, the wider the cross-support, the more likely the cross-support will partially or completely prevent or obstruct movement of the cross-support around the front end and back end of chain loops 820 and 830. Although decreasing weight is desirable, sufficient material must be maintained to meet performance (e.g., strength, rigidity) requirements. Profile may be significant for safety and/or usability. For example, having a lower top/height may prevent tripping. Additionally, using a lower profile lowers the center of gravity for a pallet, cargo, or other load. Additionally, it may be desirable for the top surface of cross-support 870a to be the same height relative to bed surface 811 as the tops of the links of chains 820 and 830.
Cross-support 870a may be made from steel or any other substantially rigid and sufficiently strong material. In one embodiment, cross-support 870a may be made from c-channel steel having the following dimensions: Height may be 1.0 inches and width may be 2.00 inches. As shown in
In one embodiment, to facilitate transport, movement, loading, and unloading of conventional pallets (e.g., 40 inch×48 inch pallets), cross-supports 870a-n may be spaced at approximately 12-inch intervals. Spacing at 12-inch intervals guarantees at least three cross-supports beneath a 40-inch pallet. For a steel c-channel cross-supports as described herein, spacing at 12-inch intervals, three such c-channel cross-supports may be sufficient to support at least a 4,000 pound pallet/load, which is significantly more than the industry standard 3,500 pound per-pallet maximum.
In general, cross-support spacing may be adjusted, altered, or tuned based on cross-support characteristics, load characteristics, and trailer characteristics. For example, the interval between two cross-supports could be greater than 12 inches based on information that a pallet will have a maximum weight that can be supported by such spacing. A person of skill in the art will appreciate that cross-support features, characteristics, and spacing may be modified, scaled, and tuned for specific applications.
In an alternative embodiment, a flexible material may cover some or all of the cross-supports so that the flexible material moves with, or substantially with, the cross-supports and/or chain loops or other drive system.
As shown in
In one embodiment, belt 915 may be sufficiently wide to reach and/or cover chain loop 920 and chain loop 930 (hidden by belt 915 in
In one embodiment, belt 915 may comprise a complete loop in which the ends of belt 915 are secured to each other to form a complete loop. In one embodiment, the belt ends may be secured to each other using a loop-and-pin system, or may be secured to the same cross-support, or may be secured using hardware, or may be secured any other way known in the art.
In general, if the belt is sufficiently tight, the tension/friction between belt 915 and cross-supports 970a-n is sufficient so that belt 915 does not slip along cross-supports 970a-n or slips only minimally or in some amount that is within acceptable limits or tolerances.
In some embodiments, belt 915 may be mechanically secured to cross-supports 970a-n or to chain loops 920 and/or 930 so that belt 915 moves with chain loops 920 and 930.
In one embodiment, belt 915 may be secured to cross-supports 970a-n using self-threading bolts.
In one embodiment, cross-supports 970a-n may be similar to cross-supports 870a-n. Cross-supports 970a-n may have the same height as tops of chain loops 920 and 930, which may facilitate smooth movement of belt 915.
In one embodiment, as shown in
Using a belt allows for movement and unloading of both large solid objects, e.g., pallets, and more fluid/loose loads, e.g., soil, gravel, rocks, etc.
At step 1010, a pallet or other object (e.g., loose material such as gravel, rocks, or soil) may be placed on belt 915, which covers cross-supports 970a-n.
At step 1020, the cross-support drive system may be activated to move cross-supports 970a-n and belt 215 toward the rear of trailer 900, thereby moving the pallet toward the rear of the trailer.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15935765 | Mar 2018 | US |
| Child | 17387345 | US |
