The present invention relates to apparatus and systems for restricting access to containers and vehicles, and more particularly, to devices for preventing unauthorized entry into unattended trailers.
Trailers serve a wide variety of personal and business needs, ranging from camping and other recreational activities, moving furniture, appliances and other personal property, to carrying tools and equipment to and from construction sites and storage at the sites. A trailer typically has a pair of hinge supported doors at its rearward end, extending substantially the full height from the deck of the trailer to its roof. The doors are securely closed by a vertically extending rod, with a lever or handle attached to the rod and pivotable into a door closing position. A latch and lock, e.g. a padlock, can be used to secure the handle in the door closing position. Some trailers include additional, single hinge supported doors along one of their side walls, with a similar vertical rod, handle and latch arrangement to secure the door.
For many uses, this locking arrangement is sufficient. However, whenever a trailer is left unattended for an appreciable amount of time, for example at a construction site or other remote location, it becomes susceptible to attempts to gain unauthorized entry, increasing the risk of theft or vandalism to the contents of the trailer.
In recognition of the need for better security, systems have been developed to augment the protection provided by the rod/handle arrangements. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,934,116 (Moore) shows a system with two block sections, one secured to each door of a trailer, and a rectangular bar contained in the block sections and spanning the distance between them. U.S. Pat. No. 6,834,896 (Smith) shows tubular locking assemblies designed to prevent rotation of the vertical rods away from the positions that secure the doors.
Locking devices designed to prevent entry into vehicles are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,349,573 (Johnson) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,035,458 (Boensch). With regard to stationary containers, U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,551 (Kochackis) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,108,166 (Klix) show cages designed to enhance vending machine security by completely surrounding the vending machines.
Although the foregoing systems may be suitable for a variety of uses, they fail to address certain objects achieved by trailer locking systems configured according to the present invention.
The present invention has several aspects, each directed to one or more of the following objects:
The first of these objects is to provide a trailer locking system that does not require any modification of the trailer, and does not require a permanent mounting of locking system hardware to the trailer.
Another object is to provide a trailer locking system that a single individual can easily configure into a secure and positive locking engagement with the trailer.
A further object is to provide a universal locking system readily useable with a variety of trailers in a given size range.
Yet another object is to provide a trailer locking system having additional utility as a carrier.
One aspect of the invention is a locking system for securing a trailer having a substantially horizontal deck, a perimeter wall extending upwardly from the deck, a roof cooperating with the deck and perimeter wall to enclose an interior of the trailer, an entrance along the perimeter wall, a door mounted to the perimeter wall for closing the entrance, and wheels or other means of supporting the deck above ground.
The locking system includes a plurality of substantially rigid frame members. A coupling structure is provided for releasably securing the frame members to one another to form a trailer locking frame. A support structure, mounted to the trailer locking frame, is adapted to support the locking frame in a locking position in substantially surrounding relation to a perimeter wall of a trailer in close proximity to the perimeter wall, and with a portion of the locking frame extending across an entrance of the trailer to prevent the opening of a door at the entrance to gain entry into the trailer so long as the frame members are so secured. A retaining component is mounted with respect to the trailer locking frame and extends beneath a deck of the trailer when the locking frame is in the locking position, thereby being disposed to engage the deck in response to movement of the locking frame upwardly from the locking position to prevent further upward travel of the locking frame relative to the trailer.
Several advantages arise from the fact that the locking frame in the locking position substantially surrounds, but does not necessarily contact, the perimeter wall. There is no need for a tight fit or exact alignment of the locking frame with the perimeter wall or any particular segment of the perimeter wall, such as the segment where a trailer door is located. Consequently there is no need modify or adapt the trailer to accommodate the locking frame, and no need to mount locking system hardware to the trailer. In addition, the locking frame is usable with virtually any trailer within a given size range.
The preferred support structure is a plurality of elongate support legs extending downwardly from the locking frame, more particularly from selected frame members. The preferred retaining component comprises substantially horizontal extensions fixed to bottom portions of the support legs. This allows a frame member and its associated legs and extensions to be configured as a self-standing structure. For an individual working alone, this considerably eases the task of assembling the frame members into the locking frame.
Another aspect of the invention is a trailer locking apparatus. The apparatus includes a plurality of substantially rigid frame members adapted for assembly into a trailer locking arrangement. A plurality of coupling plates are mounted integrally to free end portions of the frame members and adapted to form pairs of adjacent confronting coupling plates when the frame members are assembled into the locking arrangement. The coupling plates have respective locking apertures, and the locking apertures of each confronting coupling plate pair are alignable to receive a locking device for forming a releasable locking engagement of the coupling plate pair. A first coupling plate of each coupling plate pair supports a locking pin that extends longitudinally away from the first coupling plate and is spaced apart transversely from its associated locking aperture. A second coupling plate of the coupling plate pair includes a pin-receiving aperture spaced apart transversely from its associated locking aperture to receive the locking pin and thereby prevent any substantial rotation of the coupling plates relative to one another about longitudinal axes when the coupling plates are in said releasable locking engagement.
Thus, confronting pairs of the coupling plates cooperate to enhance security of the trailer locking apparatus through greater resistance to rotation of adjacent frame members relative to one another. This improves security, not only in free standing locking systems, but also for systems in which at least one of the frame members is permanently fixed to the trailer.
Preferably the frame members along their free end portions have longitudinal axes, and the coupling plates are mounted with their major planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axes. This positions the coupling plates for more effective resistance to frame member rotation.
Yet another aspect of the present invention is a trailer lock and carrier system for use with a trailer having a deck, a perimeter wall extending upwardly from the deck, a roof cooperating with the deck and perimeter wall to enclose an interior of the trailer, an entrance along the perimeter wall, and a door mounted to the perimeter wall for closing the entrance.
The lock and carrier system includes a plurality of substantially rigid frame members. A coupling structure is provided for releasably securing the frame members to one another to form a trailer locking frame. The system further includes a locking frame support assembly including an upright support member fixed at a lower end region thereof to a selected one of the frame members, and a top support member fixed to an upper end region of the upright support member. A mounting component is adapted to mount the locking frame support assembly integrally to a trailer with the top support member extending over a roof of the trailer and with the upright support member extending downwardly from the top support member along a perimeter wall of the trailer to locate the selected frame member in close proximity to the perimeter wall, thereby to support the locking frame in a locking position with a portion of the locking frame extending across an entrance of the trailer to prevent the opening of a door at the entrance to gain entry into the trailer, so long as the frame members are so secured.
Preferably the portion of the locking frame extending across the trailer entrance is composed of a frame member other than one of the selected frame members. Then, a user can gain access to the trailer by disconnecting a single frame member from the trailer locking frame, in lieu of disassembling the frame. Accordingly it is more convenient to lock and unlock the system. The locking frame is carried by the trailer and disposed completely above the ground. As a result, the trailer can be used to transport cargo without removing or altering the system. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the locking frame support assembly comprises a forward subassembly and a rearward subassembly, each with a top support member extending substantially horizontally over the roof, and first and second upright support members extending downwardly along the perimeter wall from opposite end regions of the top support member. In this arrangement, the top support members cooperate to provide a roof top carrier for equipment and supplies, for example ladders, pipe sections and lumber.
Thus in accordance with the present invention, trailer locking systems provide enhanced security against unauthorized entry, are more convenient to use, and can be adapted to different styles of trailers within a given size range without the need to mount hardware to or otherwise modify the trailer itself. In addition, as exemplified in alternative embodiments, locking systems with components permanently attached to trailers can provide rooftop carriers.
Further features and advantages will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description and drawings, in which:
Turning now to the drawings, there is shown in
Entrances to the trailer interior are formed through side wall 34 and back wall 32. The back entrance is closed by opposed rear doors 38 and 40, each supported pivotally by hinges 42. A portion of door 38 is shown cut away to reveal deck 26. The rear doors are kept tightly closed by a cam action rod 44, a handle 46 secured to rod 44 to pivot about an axis perpendicular to the rod length, and a latch 48 designed to capture the handle and maintain the rod in the closed position.
The side entrance is closable as shown by a side door 50 supported pivotably by hinges 52, and kept closed by a cam action rod 54, handle 56 and latch 58. While padlocks or other locking devices can be secured to latches 48 and 58 to lock the trailer, locking system 16 provides the enhanced security called for when the trailer is left unattended for extended time periods. Trailer locking system 16 is conveniently considered to include two primary functional components: a locking frame that surrounds the trailer, and a support structure for supporting the locking frame at a desired height. The locking system is composed of four sections, three of which incorporate both locking frame and support structure functions.
A front section 60 (
Another useful feature of leg extensions 74 and 76 is that they are capable of supporting section 60 upright as shown in
At the free ends of end regions 66 and 68 are coupling components, including respective coupling plates 78 and 80, and respective stabilizing pins 82 and 84. The pins are fixed to their associated plates and extend longitudinally, i.e. in the length direction of the end regions, while the coupling plates are oriented transversely to more effectively resist rotation about longitudinal axes. A locking aperture 85 is formed through each coupling plate.
As seen in
The system components further include another side section 120 substantially identical to side section 104, with a frame member 122 and a vertical leg 123 to support the frame member.
In all of the sections, the frame members, legs and leg extensions preferably are formed of tubular steel, with elongate linear tubing sections welded together to form the L-shaped and C-shaped members. The coupling plates likewise are formed of steel, and are welded to their associated frame members. Other suitable materials include stainless steel, steel alloys, aluminum, fiberglass, and high tempered plastics.
Returning to
A rectangular locking frame of system 126 is composed of a C-shaped front frame member 144, a C-shaped back frame member 146, linear side frame members 148 and 150 disposed along a side wall 152 of the trailer including a side door 154, and a side frame member 156 on the opposite side of the trailer. Adjacent frame members are releasably coupled by coupling plates and locking devices in the manner previously described.
Locking system 126 is mounted permanently to trailer 127 in the sense that it is secured through mounting structure to the trailer walls using spacers and carriage bolts.
With reference to
Vertical end regions 134 and 136 can be secured to the side walls in similar fashion, or alternatively can be equipped with spacers forming a frictional engagement with the trailer side walls. This latter approach allows at least limited sliding or pivoting of vertical end regions 134 and 136 to provide clearance when stabilizing pins are used to couple adjacent frame members.
Because locking system 126 is substantially permanently attached to trailer 127 rather than supported by the ground, there is no need to disassemble the system to allow the trailer to be moved to another location. The system is transported in place, along with the trailer. Further, medial regions 132 and 138 cooperate to provide a pair of rails extending across the roof of the trailer, to function as a trailer top carrier for transporting equipment and materials, e.g. ladders, pipe sections and lumber. In addition, equipment and supplies can be secured to vertical end regions 134, 136, 140 and 142 for transport with the trailer.
Thus in accordance with the present invention, trailer locking systems can reduce the risk of unauthorized entry, can be used to secure different trailers within a given size range, and are convenient to use. The locking systems include embodiments that require no mounting of hardware or other modifications to the trailer, and other embodiments in which the locking system also functions as a carrier.