The invention relates generally to a transmission of a motor vehicle. In addition, the invention relates generally to a transmission system of a motor vehicle.
US 2017/0129323 A1 describes a transmission of a motor vehicle, particularly a hybrid vehicle. The transmission includes a first input shaft, to which a first prime mover is coupleable, and a second input shaft, to which a second prime mover is coupleable. Moreover, the transmission includes an output shaft, to which a drive output is coupleable. The first input shaft is an integral part of a first sub-transmission for the first prime mover. The second input shaft is an integral part of a second sub-transmission for the second prime mover. Each of the sub-transmissions is a spur gear drive according to US 2017/0129323 A1. The two sub-transmissions are coupleable to one another via a shift element arranged on a countershaft.
The transmission according to US 2017/0129323 A1 needs a relatively large installation space and has a relatively high weight.
A new type of transmission of a motor vehicle and a transmission system having the new type of transmission are disclosed herein.
The transmission includes a first input shaft for a first prime mover.
In addition, the transmission includes a second input shaft for a second prime mover.
The transmission has a first sub-transmission including the first input shaft for the first prime mover.
The transmission has a second sub-transmission including the second input shaft for the second prime mover, wherein the second sub-transmission is a planetary transmission having components including at least a sun gear, a ring gear, and a carrier. Depending on the definition, at least planetary gears are also included if these are not defined as part of the carrier.
The first sub-transmission for the first prime mover is a spur gear drive having intermeshing gearwheels, where the first prime mover is preferably an internal combustion engine.
The transmission includes at least one countershaft. Preferably, in one example embodiment, the transmission has two countershafts.
The second sub-transmission for the second prime mover is a planetary transmission, where the second prime mover is preferably an electric machine.
An engaging device is associated with the planetary transmission, wherein, in a first engagement position of the engaging device, a first component of the planetary transmission is connected to the second input shaft and, in a second engagement position of the engaging device, a second component of the planetary transmission is connected to the second input shaft. Due to the engaging device, a changing ratio of the second sub-transmission is achieved.
A particularly compact is implemented for the transmission according to the invention. The reasoning therefor is that, among other things, the second sub-transmission is a planetary transmission. The countershafts are relatively short due to the second sub-transmission being a planetary transmission. One further installation space-related advantage is implemented in one example embodiment when each of the shift elements associated with the second sub-transmission is a double shift element.
According to one advantageous refinement, the second output shaft is permanently coupled to a countershaft via a gearwheel arranged coaxially to the first input shaft. Preferably this is the sole point of connection to the output.
Preferably, in one embodiment, precisely two fixed gears are arranged on the first input shaft. The two fixed gears are preferably arranged in a double engagement, i.e., each fixed gear meshes with two idler gears, which is particularly compact.
Preferably, in some embodiments, the gearwheel arranged on the countershaft, which is coupled to the second input shaft, is a fixed gear.
Advantageously, the second prime mover is connected to the ring gear of the planetary transmission. As a result, the planetary transmission is simplified.
Advantageously, in one embodiment, a separating clutch associated with the first input shaft is provided for the decoupleable connection of the first prime mover to the first input shaft.
According to one advantageous refinement, a third prime mover is present, which is an electric machine, wherein the third prime mover is operatively connected to the first input shaft. For the case in which a further, third prime mover is present, which is preferably an electric machine, as is the case with the second prime mover, further advantages are achieved. Thus, in particular, the third prime mover as an electric machine is operable as a starter generator and improve the function of the transmission and/or of the transmission system including the transmission. For the case in which a separating clutch is additionally present between the first prime mover, which is an internal combustion engine, and the first input shaft, purely electric powershifts is provided when the separating clutch is disengaged. As a result, the operation of a transmission system including the transmission is further improved.
Preferred refinements result from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in greater detail with reference to the drawing, without being limited thereto, in which:
Reference will now be made to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are shown in the drawings. Each embodiment is provided by way of explanation of the invention, and not as a limitation of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be combined with another embodiment to yield still another embodiment. It is intended that the present invention include these and other modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein.
The transmission system 1 includes, in addition to the transmission 2, a first prime mover 3 and a second prime mover 4, wherein the first prime mover 3 is preferably an internal combustion engine VM and the second prime mover 4 is preferably an electric machine (e.g., first electric machine EM1). Thus, the transmission system from
The transmission 2 includes two sub-transmissions 5, 6. The first sub-transmission 5 acts as a sub-transmission for the first prime mover 3, which is preferably the internal combustion engine VM, wherein the first prime mover 3 is coupleable to a first input shaft 7 of the first sub-transmission 5 of the transmission 2.
A damping device TD is arranged between the internal combustion engine VM and the first input shaft 7. The damping device TD includes a torsion damper, =a damper, and/or a slipping clutch, where the torsion damper is a dual-mass flywheel and the damper is a rotational speed-adaptive damper.
The second sub-transmission 6 acts as a sub-transmission for the second prime mover 4, which is the first electric machine EM1, wherein the second prime mover 4 is coupleable to a second input shaft 8 of the transmission 2 of the second sub-transmission 6.
In addition, the transmission 2 includes an output shaft 9, which is common to both sub-transmissions 5, 6 and to which a drive output 10 is coupled. A differential is part of the drive output 10, as shown in
The first sub-transmission 5 includes a first countershaft 11 in addition to the first input shaft 7, to which, in the exemplary embodiment shown in
Other gearwheels 13, 14, and 15 are positioned coaxially to the first input shaft 7. The gearwheels 13, 14 are fixed gears with respect to the first input shaft 7. The gearwheel 15 is not a fixed gear with respect to the first input shaft 7 since there is no rotationally fixed connection. It is also not an idler gear, however, since a shift element is not provided for connecting the gearwheel 15 to the first input shaft 7. The gearwheel 15 is therefore mounted exclusively on the first input shaft 7.
Two shift elements B, D are associated with the second countershaft 9. The two shift elements B, D are preferably formed by a double shift element 51, wherein only one of these shift elements B, D is ever engaged at a time.
When the shift element D is engaged, an idler gear 20 is coupled to the second countershaft 9 in a rotationally fixed manner. When the shift element B is engaged, however, an idler gear 21 is coupled to the second countershaft 9 in a rotationally fixed manner.
Two shift elements A, C are associated with the first countershaft 11. These two shift elements A, C are preferably formed by a double shift element S2, wherein only one of these shift elements A, C is ever engaged at a time.
When the shift element C is engaged, the idler gear 16 is coupled to the first countershaft 11 in a rotationally fixed manner. When the shift element A is engaged, however, the idler gear 17 is coupled to the first countershaft 11 in a rotationally fixed manner.
In this way, four gear steps for ratios i1, i2, i3, and i4 are made available with little installation space solely by the first sub-transmission 5.
The gearwheels 16, 17, and 18 of the first countershaft 11 engage, as described above, exclusively into the gearwheels 13, 14, 15 positioned coaxially to the first input shaft 7.
The gearwheel 19 meshes into the differential of the drive output 10. The gearwheel 20 meshes into the fixed gear 13 of the first input shaft 7, and the gearwheel 21 meshes into the fixed gear 14 of the first input shaft 7.
Accordingly, the first sub-transmission 5 is a spur gear drive made up of intermeshing gearwheels for the first prime mover 3, which is preferably the internal combustion engine VM.
The second sub-transmission 6 is connected to the first sub-transmission 5 via the gear stage is having gearwheels 15, 18. The ratio between the first electric machine EM1 and the first countershaft 11 is influenced via the engagement position of an engaging device S3. Depending on whether and which of shift elements E, F is engaged, either a carrier 23 or a ring gear 22, respectively, as components of a planetary transmission PG, is coupled to the second input shaft 8 and, then, to the first countershaft 11.
The second sub-transmission 6 is a planetary transmission PG for the second prime mover 4, which is preferably the first electric machine EM1. The planetary transmission PG includes the ring gear 22, the carrier 23, and a sun gear 24.
The ring gear 22 of the planetary transmission PG connects to the second input shaft 8 of the transmission 2, namely of the second sub-transmission 6 thereof. In
The output side of the planetary transmission 6 is formed by the carrier 23 or by the ring gear 22. The sun gear 24 is coupled so as to be permanently fixed to the housing.
The shift elements E, F are associated with the second sub-transmission 6. Depending on the engagement position of the shift elements E, F, one of the components of the planetary transmission PG is coupled to the second input shaft 8. With the shift element E engaged, the carrier 23 is coupled to the second input shaft 8. With the shift element F engaged, the ring gear 22 is coupled to the second input shaft 8.
In summary, the following is said about the embodiment according to
The two gears for the first electric machine EM1 are formed with the aid of a planetary transmission PG. The ring gear 22 represents the input and the carrier 23 represents the output. The sun gear 24 is permanently fixed to the housing. The first electric machine EM1 is connected to the ring gear 22. The shift element E connects the second input shaft 8 to the carrier 23, enabling a first electric gear E1 to be engaged. The shift element F connects the second input shaft 8 to the ring gear 22 and to the rotor of the first electric machine EM1, enabling a second electric gear E2 to be engaged. The second input shaft 8 is permanently connected to the drive output via a spur gear stage ic. This represents the sub-transmission 6 for the first electric machine EM1. The shift elements E,F are combinable as a double shift element E/F in the engaging device S3.
When both the shift elements E, F are disengaged, both the first electric machine EM1 and the planetary transmission PG are decoupled and cause no drag losses during the driving operation under purely internal combustion engine power (states 11-14 in
In the present invention, the planetary transmission PG is arranged coaxially to the first input shaft 7 and the spur gear stage ic with respect to the first countershaft 11 is connectable to the output of the planetary transmission (e.g., the carrier 23 or the ring gear 22). It is advantageous to utilize the first countershaft 11 and not the second countershaft 9, since a gear stage iab1 provides a higher ratio than a gear stage iab2. A high ratio for the first electric machine EM1 is advantageous as a higher rotational speed and less torque is possible.
The mode of operation is as follows:
As a result:
The transmission 2 is utilized for a driving operation under purely electric power, a driving operation under purely internal combustion engine power, and a hybrid operation. The gear shift matrix from
The ratio values in the gear stage matrix from
If the separating clutch KO is a friction clutch, further advantages result:
As a result, the planetary transmission PG is not decouplable and also is not interlockable. At higher driving speeds, high rotational speeds arise at the ring gear 22 and at the planetary gears.
The gear shift matrix and functions are identical to the embodiment according to
This yields the following advantages:
As a result, the planetary transmission PG is not decouplable and also is not interlockable. At higher driving speeds, high rotational speeds arise at the ring gear 22 and at the planetary gears (due to the high ratio of the spur gear stage ic).
This modification is implementable in all described embodiments.
In this embodiment, the planetary transmission is not decouplable, however.
This has the advantage that the efficiency for the first electric machine EM1 is good in the first electric gear E1 (shift element E engaged), since no power remains in the planetary transmission, since it is interlocked. However, the planetary transmission is not decouplable.
All embodiments have the following features or can have the following features:
The first electric machine EM1, which is arranged, in particular, coaxially to the input shafts, is fitted, in entirety, at the end of the transmission. An actuator for actuating the engaging device S3 having the shift elements E/F reaches the engaging device S3 from the outside on the transmission side. This is particularly useful in the case of a particularly large and powerful, first electric machine EM1 when the engaging device S3 having the shift elements E/F as well as the planetary transmission PG are at least partially radially nestable within the rotor of the first electric machine EM1. This has the advantage that axial installation space is saved.
The input shaft 7 does not need to extend to the end of the transmission 2. Alternatively, the input shaft 7 ends at the fixed gear of the spur gear stages i1/i2. It is structurally useful, however, for mounting-related reasons, to lengthen the input shaft 7 as indicated in the diagram.
It is advantageous to provide an additional starter generator (e.g., the second electric machine EM2) fixedly connected to the internal combustion engine VM, since charging at a standstill is not possible with the first electric machine EM1.
The second electric machine EM2 is preferably connected to an intermediate gear at the fixed gear of the spur gear stages i3/i4, which has a larger diameter than the fixed gear of the spur gear stages i1/i2.
Alternatively, the second electric machine EM2 is connected, as a coaxial electric machine, to the input shaft 7.
Alternatively, the second electric machine EM2 could be mounted at the belt drive of the internal combustion engine VM.
Alternatively, the second electric machine EM2 could be connected to an additional fixed gear on the first input shaft 7. As another alternative, the second electric machine EM2 could be connected to an idler gear of the countershafts 9 or 11, since a permanent operative connection to the first input shaft 7 arises in this way.
The following functions are covered with the second electric machine EM2, provided that the second electric machine EM2 is present:
internal combustion engine start during purely electric driving.
Modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments illustrated or described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. In the claims, reference characters corresponding to elements recited in the detailed description and the drawings may be recited. Such reference characters are enclosed within parentheses and are provided as an aid for reference to example embodiments described in the detailed description and the drawings. Such reference characters are provided for convenience only and have no effect on the scope of the claims. In particular, such reference characters are not intended to limit the claims to the particular example embodiments described in the detailed description and the drawings.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2020 205 090.2 | Apr 2020 | DE | national |
The present application is related and has right of priority to German Patent Application No. 10 2020 205 090.2 filed on Apr. 22, 2020 and is a nationalization of PCT/EP2021/057363 filed in the European Patent Office on Mar. 23, 2021, both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2021/057363 | 3/23/2021 | WO |