Patent Grant
6968062
This invention relates to a transmitting apparatus adapted for carrying out transmission of audio signals by using infrared rays, and a reproducing apparatus using a headphone device, which is adapted to receive audio signals transmitted from such transmitting apparatus to reproduce the audio signals thus received.
Audio signals in cinema are caused to be signals of multi-channel structure, and are recorded on the assumption that such multi-channel audio signals are reproduced by speaker units placed at both sides in left and right directions of the screen and speaker units placed at the backward side in left and right directions or both sides in the left and right directions of listener. By reproducing audio signals recorded in the state caused to be of multi-channel structure by a large number of speaker units disposed by a fixed arrangement as stated above, position of sound source within the screen and position of sound image actually heard are in correspondence with each other so that sound field having natural expansion or spreading is established.
When audio signals caused to be of multi-channel structure are also appreciated by using headphone device used in the state affixed on the head portion of listener, sound image is localized within the head of listener, resulting in extremely unnatural sound image localization. Moreover, also similarly in the case where music which does not involve image, etc. is appreciated by the headphone device, sound is heard from within the head unlike the case of speaker reproduction. Thus, in natural sound field is similarly formed, and there result an unnatural reproduction of sound.
Further, since headphone devices conventionally widely used are connected to audio equipment or image equipment through external connection cords, when such headphone device is affixed onto the head portion, connection cord is extended from the head portion. For this reason, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory fitting feeling.
In order to eliminate disagreement of feeling of fitting, etc. resulting from the fact that such connection cord is used, it is conceivable that a transmitting circuit using infrared rays is provided at audio equipment or image equipment adapted to output audio signals, and there is used a headphone device adapted to receive audio signals transmitted from this transmitting circuit by infrared rays to reproduce them.
Meanwhile, in the case where transmission system of audio signals using infrared rays is employed, when screening object of light such as human being passing between infrared ray transmitting unit of audio equipment, etc. and headphone device affixed to the listener is interposed, transmission of audio signals to the headphone device is interrupted, so reproduction sound is interrupted. In addition, when listener who has affixed headphone device walks about, it becomes impossible to precisely and continuously receive infrared rays transmitted from transmitting circuit provided at audio equipment, resulting in the possibility that reproduction sound may be interrupted.
In view of the above, this invention eliminates problems taking place by employment of conventionally proposed infrared transmission system to contemplate providing a transmitting apparatus capable of carrying out continuous transmission of audio signals and a reproducing apparatus using a headphone device which can carry out reproduction of audio signals without producing break or interruption of reproduction sound.
In order to attain such an object, a transmitting apparatus according to this invention comprises a memory into which digital audio signals are written and from which these written signals are repeatedly read out after undergone time axis compression every unit time period, a modulation circuit for carrying out modulation by signals which have been read out from this memory, and an infrared light emitting element for converting modulated signal outputted from the modulation circuit into infrared rays to output them.
In addition, a reproducing apparatus using a headphone device according to this invention comprises headphone device including a light receiving element adapted to receive infrared rays outputted from an infrared light emitting element of a transmitting unit to output modulated signal outputted from a modulation circuit, a demodulation circuit for demodulating the modulated signal outputted from the light receiving element to output repetitive signals, a memory into which valid signals of the repetitive signals outputted from this demodulation circuit are written and from which these written signals are read out after undergone time axis expansion, a D/A converter circuit for allowing the signal which has been read out from the memory to undergo D/A conversion to output an analog audio signal, and an electroacoustic conversion unit supplied with the analog audio signal outputted from the D/A converter circuit.
In the transmitting apparatus and the reproducing apparatus according to this invention, even if infrared rays outputted from the infrared light emitting element of the transmitting apparatus are temporarily interrupted, such an approach is employed to repeatedly transmit and receive audio signals, thereby making it possible to receive, by the reproducing apparatus, audio signals transmitted from the transmitting apparatus in the state where transmission of those signals is not interrupted to securely output continuous reproduction sounds.
Still further objects of this invention and more practical merits obtained by this invention will become more apparent from the description of embodiments which will be given below.
A transmitting apparatus and a reproducing apparatus according to this invention will be described below in more practical manner with reference to the attached drawings.
Transmitting apparatus 10 according to this invention is constituted as shown in
In the following description, reference symbols SLF, SRF SLB, SRB are audio signals of 4-channels, and when these signals SLF, SRF, SLB, SRB are respectively delivered to speaker units serving as electroacoustic conversion units disposed in left forward direction, right forward direction, left backward direction and right backward direction of listener, reproduction sound field of 4-channel stereo is realized.
In the transmitting apparatus 10 according to this invention, analog audio signals SLF˜SRB are delivered to A/D converter circuits 121 to 124 through input terminals 111 to 114, and are caused to undergo A/D conversion at these A/D converter circuits 121 to 124. The audio signals SLF˜SRB which have been caused to undergo A/D conversion are delivered to a channel converting circuit 13 constituted by, e.g., DSP (Digital Signal Processor). Although the detail of the channel converting circuit 13 will be described later, the channel converting circuit 13 converts audio signals SLF˜SRB into audio signals SL2, SR2 in which reproduction sound field of 4-channel stereo can be obtained by two speaker units. Namely, the channel converting circuit 13 serves to convert signals SLF˜SRB into signals SL2, SR2 so as to realize reproduction sound field equivalent to reproduction sound field obtained when audio signals SLF, SRF, SLB, SRB of 4 channels are delivered to speaker units disposed in left forward direction, right forward direction, left backward direction and right backward direction of listener. While audio signals SLF˜SRB, SL2, SR2 are digital signals at this time point, explanation has been given on the assumption that they are analog signals for avoidance of complexity of the description. This will similarly apply to the following description.
Further, audio signals SL2, SR2 are delivered to a sound field converting circuit 14. While the detail of the sound field converting circuit 14 will be described later, it is constituted by, e.g., DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and serves to convert audio signals SL2, SR2 into audio signals SL, SR where sound image localization is obtained outside the head when listener listens to them by the headphone device. Namely, the sound field converting circuit 14 serves to convert audio signals SL2, SR2 into audio signals SL, SR where sound image localization is obtained outside the head so as to realize reproduction sound field equivalent to reproduction sound field obtained when audio signals SL2, SR2 are delivered to speaker units disposed in the left forward direction and the right forward direction of listener in order that audio signals SL, SR are delivered to the headphone device. These audio signals SL, SR are delivered to an encoder circuit 15, at which they are converted into digital audio signal SDA of 1 channel alternately having audio signals SL, SR by one sample. This signal SDA is delivered to a memory circuit 16 for signal repetition and time axis compression. Namely, as shown in
Moreover, the memory circuit 16 is also supplied with read-out signal, wherein this read-out signal has speed about five times greater than that of write signal. In this case, read address signal is also included in the read signal. Further, the read address is address delayed by one frame with respect to the write address, and is repeated by five times every one frame time period. Accordingly, from the memory circuit 16, as shown in
The signal SSX is delivered to a modulation circuit 18 as modulation signal, at which it is converted into, e,g., MSK signal SMD. This signal SMD is delivered to an infrared light emitting element 21 using infrared LED through a drive amplifier 19. From the infrared light emitting element 21, infrared rays LIR of which light quantity is modulated by the signal SMD are outputted.
On the other hand, in headphone device 50, as shown in
In this way, as shown in
The signal SDA thus read out is delivered to a decoder circuit 58, at which it is separated into original digital audio signals SL, SR. These signals SL, SR are delivered to D/A converter circuits 63L, 63R through addition circuits 61L, 61R for time difference and addition circuits 62L, 62R for level difference which will be described later, at which they are D/A converted into analog audio signals SL, SR. These audio signals SL, SR are delivered to speaker units 65L, 65R constituting left and right electroacoustic conversion units through amplifiers 64L, 64R.
The headphone device 50 to which this invention is applied is caused to be of head mount type fitted so as to cover the head portion as shown in
The headphone device 50 constituted in this way can receive audio signals SLF˜SRB transmitted by infrared rays LIR, and external connection cord for supply of audio signal becomes unnecessary, resulting in the fact that wireless structure is realized.
The transmitting apparatus 10 which transmits, by using infrared rays LIR, audio signals SLF˜SRB received by the headphone device 50 according to this invention repeatedly transmits the same frame as shown in
Further, the transmitting apparatus 10 converts, by the channel converting circuit 13, audio signals SLF˜SRB of 4 channels into audio signals SL2, SR2 in which there is obtained reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where those audio signals SLF˜SRB are delivered to four speaker units and are reproduced thereat even when they are delivered to two speaker units to further convert, by the sound field converting circuit 14, these signals SL2, SR2 into audio signals SL, SR in which there is obtained reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where they are delivered to two speaker units to reproduce them even when headphone device is employed. Accordingly, when audio signals SL, SR are delivered to speaker units 65L, 65R, reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where they are delivered to four speaker units and are reproduced can be reproduced.
Explanation will now be given in connection with the processing that the channel converting circuit 13 converts the number of channels. In this case, the example where the channel converting circuit 13 is constituted by discrete circuits is indicated.
Here, as shown in
When it is assumed that
When input audio signal SX corresponding to the sound source SX is delivered to speaker unit disposed at position of sound source SL through filter which realizes the transfer function portion of the first formula (1) and the signal SX is delivered to speaker unit disposed at position of sound source SR through filter which realizes the transfer function portion of the second formula (2), sound image by the audio signal SX can be localized at position of the sound source SX.
In view of the above, the channel converting circuit 13 can be constituted, as shown in
Explanation will now be given in connection with the case where the sound field converting circuit 14 is constituted by discrete circuits.
Here, in the case where sound source SM is disposed in the forward direction of listener M as shown in
In view of the above, as shown in
In this way, by the channel converting circuit 13, audio signals SLF˜SRB of four channels are converted into audio signals SL2, SR2 in which there is obtained reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where they are reproduced by using four speaker units even when they are reproduced by using two speaker units. Further, by the sound field converting circuit 14, these signals SL2, SR2 are converted into audio signals SL, SR in which there is obtained reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where they are reproduced by two speaker units even when headphone device is employed. Accordingly, when audio signals SL, SR are delivered to speaker units 65L, 65R, there is reproduced reproduction sound field equivalent to the case where they are reproduced by using four speaker units.
It is to be noted that in the case where such an approach is only employed, localization position of sound image reproduced by speaker units 65L, 65R is fixed with respect to listener who has affixed the headphone device 50. Thus, when the listener moves his head, sound image also moves together. In view of this, the headphone device 50 is provided with additional circuits 61L˜62R as described above. Even if listener changes direction of the head, such an approach is employed that position of sound image with respect to the outside is not changed. Namely, the additional circuits 61L, 61R are constituted by, e.g., variable delay circuit and the additional circuits 62L, 62R are constituted by, e.g., variable gain circuit.
Moreover, signals SMD, SMD outputted from amplifiers 52L, 52R are delivered to level detection circuits 66L, 66R, at which levels of the signals SMD, SMD are detected. Their detection results are delivered to a comparison circuit 67. Thus, signal S67 indicating level difference between signals SMD, SMD is taken out. In this case, when direction in which listener who has affixed headphone device 50 is directed deviates from the direction of infrared light emitting element 21 of the transmitting apparatus 10, polarity and magnitude of the signal S67 are changed in correspondence with direction and magnitude of that deviation. Accordingly, the signal S67 results in detection signal indicating direction in which listener is directed.
The signal S67 indicating level difference between signals SMD, SMD is delivered to an A/D converter circuit 68, at which it is caused undergo A/D conversion into digital detection signal S68. The detection signal S68 which has been caused to undergo A/D conversion is delivered to a microcomputer 69. The microcomputer 69 converts the detection signal S68 into signal S69 of control data for actually localizing sound image and delivers this signal S69 to addition circuits 61L, 61R for time difference and addition circuits 62L, 62R for level difference as respective control signals for time difference and level difference. In this case, if listener turns to the right, e.g., when sound source is positioned in the forward direction of listener who has affixed the headphone device 50, time lag of sound wave incident to the left ear becomes small and the level becomes large. Accordingly, the characteristic of the additional circuit 61L is controlled as indicated by polygonal line B in
For example, even when listener changes direction of the head in the case where he listens to music of orchestra, that orchestra is not moved, resulting in natural state such that direction of the head is changed in front of the orchestra. Further, in the case where reproduction of audio signal is being carried out along with video signal by digital video disc player for carrying out reproduction of audio signal along with video signal, even when direction of the head is changed, localization position of sound image can be in correspondence with position of image.
As described above, since the transmitting unit 10 and the headphone device 50 according to this invention are used to thereby have ability to transmit audio signals SLF˜SRB to the headphone device 50 by infrared rays LIR to receive these signals by the headphone device 50, the headphone device 50 is permitted to be of wireless structure. In that case, even when infrared rays LIR that the headphone device 50 receives are interrupted as indicated by mark x in
Further, since the transmitting unit 10 according to this invention is adapted to carry out conversion of the number of channels by the channel conversion circuit 13 and to carry out conversion of sound field by the sound filed converting circuit 14, it is possible to reproduce reproduction sound field similarly equivalent to the case where audio signals transmitted from the transmitting unit are reproduced by using four speaker units when they are received and reproduced by the headphone device 50 according to this invention.
Further, the headphone device 50 according to this invention can localize sound image at a fixed position of the outside irrespective of direction of the head even when listener changes direction of the head.
In addition, even if coefficients of digital filters 41L˜42R of the sound field converting circuit 14 are changed in accordance with movement of the head, position of sound image with respect to the outside can be fixed. In that case, however, if the head of listener is moved a little, it is required to update coefficients of digital filters 41L˜42R every time. As a result, a large number of high speed product sum operation circuits and memory circuits are required. On the contrary, in the headphone device 50 according to this invention, since changes of transfer functions HML, HMR with respect to movement of the head are replaced or simulated by changes of time difference and level difference with respect to audio signals SL, SR, it becomes possible to greatly simplify the circuit scale.
Another example of the transmitting unit 10 according to this invention will now be described. This transmitting unit 10 is adapted to be connected to audio signal source of multi-channel structure and analog audio signal source of 2 channels.
Namely, in
Moreover, at the time of reproduction of the digital video disc player 100, digital audio signal SDD is delivered to an input terminal 11 of the transmitting unit 10 through coaxial cable from the player 100, and is further delivered to a decoder circuit 12, at which it is decoded into respective audio signals SLF˜SLOW. These audio signals SLF˜SLOW are delivered to the channel converting circuit 13. In the case where this channel converting circuit 13 is constituted by discrete circuits, it is constituted as shown in
Thus, the channel converting circuit 13 shown in
Further, digital audio signals SLB, SRB from the decoder circuit 12 are delivered to digital filters 33L˜34L through adding circuits 313, 314. In addition, digital audio signal SLOW from the decoder circuit 12 is subjected to processing such that its level is caused to be, e.g., ¼ level by an attenuation circuit 319. The level converted signal thus obtained is then delivered to adding circuits 311 to 314, at which it is distributed to audio signals SLF˜SRB.
In this example, circuits of succeeding stage from filters 31L˜34R are caused to be of configuration similar to the channel converting circuit 13 of
In this way, audio signals SLF˜SLOW are converted into audio signals SL2, SR2 of 2 channels. Namely, these audio signals SL2, SR2 are formed by reproducing, by two speaker units, reproduction sound field equivalent to reproduction sound field obtained when such signals are delivered to speaker units respectively disposed at left forward portion, central forward portion, right forward portion, left backward portion and right backward portion of listener and speaker unit for lower frequency band in the channel conversion circuit 13.
Further, at the time of reproduction of the digital video disc player 100, audio signals SL2, SR2 from the channel converting circuit 13 are delivered to sound field converting circuit 14 through input selectors 22L, 22R, at which they are converted into audio signals SL, SR for headphone device. On the other hand, at the time of reproduction of analog audio signals L, R of 2 channel stereo, those audio signals L, R are delivered to A/D converter circuits 24L, 24R through input terminals 23L, 23R, at which they are caused to undergo A/D conversion into digital audio signals L, R. The audio signals L, R thus obtained are delivered to the sound field converting circuit 14 through input selectors 22L, 22R, at which they are converted into analog audio signals SL, SR for headphone device.
Signal processing similar to that of the transmitting unit 10 shown in
Also in this case, the headphone device 50 is permitted to be of wireless structure. Moreover, even if infrared rays LIR that the headphone device 50 receives are interrupted, listener can normally listen to reproduction sound. Further, even when headphone device is employed, it is possible to reproduce reproduction sound field equivalents to the case of 6-channel stereo or 2-channel stereo.
The transmitting unit 10 and the headphone device 50 according to this invention may respectively carry out transmission/reception of digital audio signal SDA after undergone data compression as shown in
As shown in
In this case, the digital audio signal SDA which has been read out is caused to undergo time axis compression, but such signal is caused to undergo data compression so that data quantity becomes equal to about ⅕ as compared to digital audio signal SDA when outputted from the encoder circuit 15. Accordingly, the digital audio signal SDA which has been read out from the memory circuit 16 can have date rate equal to that of digital audio signal SDA which has been outputted from the encoder circuit 15 or value nearly equal thereto.
The digital audio signal SDA which has been read out from the memory circuit 16 is delivered to addition circuit 17, at which processing similar to the case of the transmitting unit 10 shown in
On the other hand, at the headphone device 50, infrared rays LIR transmitted from the transmitting unit 10 are received by, e.g., light receiving elements 51L, 51R. At times subsequent thereto, processing similar to the case of the headphone device 50 shown in
Also in the transmitting device 10 shown in
It is to be noted that while, in the above-described example, if infrared rays LIR are within the arrival range thereof, the audio signal transmitted from one transmitting unit 10 can be received by plural headphone devices 50, only specific headphone device 50 may receive audio signal. To realize this, as shown in
Moreover, while, in the above-described example, as shown in
Further, such a configuration may be employed that, in the transmitting unit 10, interleave processing and addition processing of error correction code are implemented to signal SDA to transmit such a signal, and in the headphone device 50, deinterleave processing and error correction processing are implemented to the received signal SDA. By employing such a configuration, it is possible to improve tolerance with respect to receiving fault of infrared rays LIR.
Further, there may be employed a configuration such that light receiving element (TOS link) is used at input terminal 11 provided at the transmitting unit 10 to allow digital audio signal SDD delivered to the transmitting unit 10 to be an optical signal. Further, piezoelectric vibration gyro-scope or geometric azimuth sensor, etc. may be provided at the headphone device 50 to detect direction of the head of listener.
In addition, such an approach may be employed that when localization position of sound image is fixed in accordance with detection signal S67 of movement of the head of listener, that signal S67 is transmitted from the headphone device 50 to the transmitting unit 10 by infrared rays, etc., and, in the transmitting unit 10, transfer functions of digital filters 41L˜42R in the sound field converting circuit 14 are controlled in accordance with received detection signal S67. In this case, addition cricuits 61L˜62R may be omitted.
Since the transmitting apparatus according to this invention can transmit, by infrared rays, audio signals to the headphone device according to this invention to receive them by the headphone device, the headphone device is permitted to be of wireless structure. In addition, even in the case where infrared rays transmitted from the transmitting apparatus are temporarily interrupted as the result of the fact that listener who has affixed headphone device walks about or the like, audio signals can be received by the reproducing unit provided with headphone device without interruption to securely listen to them as continuous reproduction sound.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| P10-207354 | Jul 1998 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP99/03972 | 7/23/1999 | WO | 00 | 3/13/2000 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO00/05921 | 2/3/2000 | WO | A |
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| 6021205 | Yamada et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
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