Transmitters for wireless power transmission

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10103582
  • Patent Number
    10,103,582
  • Date Filed
    Friday, May 10, 2013
    11 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, October 16, 2018
    5 years ago
Abstract
The present disclosure may provide various electric transmitter arrangements which may be used to provide wireless power transmission (WPT) while using suitable WPT techniques such as pocket-forming. In some embodiments, transmitters may include one or more antennas connected to at least one radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) and one microcontroller. In other embodiments, transmitters may include a plurality of antennas, a plurality of RFIC or a plurality of controllers. In addition, transmitters may include communications components which may allow for communication to various electronic equipment including phones, computers and others.
Description
FIELD OF INVENTION

The present disclosure relates to electronic transmitters, and more particularly to transmitters for wireless power transmission.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Electronic devices such as laptop computers, smartphones, portable gaming devices, tablets and so forth may require power for performing their intended functions. This may require having to charge electronic equipment at least once a day, or in high-demand electronic devices more than once a day. Such an activity may be tedious and may represent a burden to users. For example, a user may be required to carry chargers in case his electronic equipment is lacking power. In addition, users have to find available power sources to connect to. Lastly, users must plugin to a wall or other power supply to be able to charge his or her electronic device. However, such an activity may render electronic devices inoperable during charging. Current solutions to this problem may include inductive pads which may employ magnetic induction or resonating coils. Nevertheless, such a solution may still require that electronic devices may have to be placed in a specific place for powering. Thus, electronic devices during charging may not be portable. For the foregoing reasons, there is a need for a wireless power transmission system where electronic devices may be powered without requiring extra chargers or plugs, and where the mobility and portability of electronic devices may not be compromised.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure provides various transmitter arrangements which can be utilized for wireless power transmission using suitable techniques such as pocket-forming. Transmitters may be employed for sending Radio frequency (RF) signals to electronic devices which may incorporate receivers. Such receivers may convert RF signals into suitable electricity for powering and charging a plurality of electric devices. Wireless power transmission allows powering and charging a plurality of electrical devices without wires.


A transmitter including at least two antenna elements may generate RF signals through the use of one or more Radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) which may be managed by one or more microcontrollers. Transmitters may receive power from a power source, which may provide enough electricity for a subsequent conversion to RF signal.


A wireless power transmitter for charging an electronic device, comprising


communication signals between the transmitter and the device; RF integrated circuitry in the transmitter for generating at least two RF power waves to form pockets of energy directed to the device controlled by the exchange of communication signals; and


reception circuitry for converting the AC RF power waves into DC voltages for charging or powering the device.


In an embodiment, a transmitter arrangement including each antenna element coupled to a single RFIC may be provided.


In a further embodiment, a transmitter including four antenna elements coupled to a RFIC may be provided.


In an even further embodiment, a transmitter including a row and/or column of antenna elements coupled to a RFIC may be provided.


In another embodiment, a transmitter including each two antenna elements coupled to a RFIC, which may be connected in a cascade arrangement another RFIC may be provided.


In yet another embodiment, a transmitter which may include a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) layers may be provided.


In yet another embodiment, a transmitter which may include a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) layers, which may be built as a brick shaped transmitter may be provided.


Transmitter arrangements provided in the present disclosure, as well as possible implementation schemes may provide wireless power transmission while eliminating the use of wires or pads for charging devices which may require tedious procedures such as plugging to a wall, and may turn devices unusable during charging. In addition, electronic equipment may require less components as typical wall chargers may not be required. In some cases, even batteries may be eliminated as a device may fully be powered wirelessly.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures which are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Unless indicated as representing the background art, the figures represent aspects of the disclosure.



FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless power transmission example situation using pocket-forming.



FIG. 2 illustrates a component level embodiment for a transmitter.



FIG. 3 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where antenna elements are couple to single radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC).



FIG. 4 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where 4 antenna elements are couple to radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC).



FIG. 5 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where each row or column of antenna elements is coupled to radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC).



FIG. 6 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where each antenna elements are coupled to radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC) in a cascade configuration.



FIG. 7 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where antenna elements form a multilayer transmitter.



FIG. 8 illustrates a transmitter arrangement where antenna elements form a multilayer transmitter built as a brick shaped transmitter.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

“Pocket-forming” may refer to generating two or more RF waves which converge in 3-d space, forming controlled constructive and destructive interference patterns.


“Pockets of energy” may refer to areas or regions of space where energy or power may accumulate in the form of constructive interference patterns of RF waves.


“Null-space” may refer to areas or regions of space where pockets of energy do not form because of destructive interference patterns of RF waves.


“Transmitter” may refer to a device, including a chip which may generate two or more RF signals, at least one RF signal being phase shifted and gain adjusted with respect to other RF signals, substantially all of which pass through one or more RF antenna such that focused RF signals are directed to a target.


“Receiver” may refer to a device including at least one antenna element, at least one rectifying circuit and at least one power converter, which may utilize pockets of energy for powering, or charging an electronic device.


“Adaptive pocket-forming” may refer to dynamically adjusting pocket-forming to regulate power on one or more targeted receivers.


DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, which are not to scale or to proportion, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings and claims, are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and/or and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure.



FIG. 1 illustrates wireless power transmission 100 using pocket-forming. A transmitter 102 may transmit or broadcast controlled Radio RF waves 194 which may converge in 3-d space. These Radio frequencies (RF) waves may be controlled through phase and/or relative amplitude adjustments to form constructive and destructive interference patterns (pocket-forming). Pockets of energy 108 may be formed at constructive interference patterns and can be 3-dimensional in shape whereas null-spaces may be generated at destructive interference patterns. A receiver 106 may then utilize pockets of energy 108 produced by pocket-forming for charging or powering an electronic device, for example a laptop computer 110 and thus effectively providing wireless power transmission. In other situations there can be multiple transmitters 102 and/or multiple receivers 106 for powering various electronic equipment for example smartphones, tablets, music players, toys and others at the same time. In other embodiments, adaptive pocket-forming may be used to regulate power on electronic devices.



FIG. 2 depicts a basic block diagram of a transmitter 200 which may be utilized for broadcasting wirelessly the RF power waves for wireless power transmission. Such transmitter 200 may include one or more antenna elements 202, one or more Radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) 204, one or more microcontroller 206, a communication component 208, a power source 210 and a housing 212, which may allocate all the requested components for transmitter 200. Components in transmitter 200 may be manufactured using meta-materials, micro-printing of circuits, nano-materials, and the like.


Transmitter 200 may be responsible for the pocket-forming, adaptive pocket-forming and multiple pocket-forming through the use of the components mentioned in the foregoing paragraph. Transmitter 200 may send wireless power transmission to one or more receivers in form of radio signals, such signals may include any radio signal with any frequency or wavelength.


Antenna elements 202 may include flat antenna elements 202, patch antenna elements 202, dipole antenna elements 202 and any other suitable antenna for wireless power transmission. Suitable antenna types may include, for example, patch antennas with heights from about ⅛ inch to about 6 inches and widths from about ⅛ inch to about 6 inches. Shape and orientation of antenna elements 202 may vary in dependency of the desired features of transmitter 200, orientation may be flat in X, Y, and Z axis, as well as various orientation types and combinations in three dimensional arrangements. Antenna elements 202 materials may include any suitable material that may allow Radio signal transmission with high efficiency, good heat dissipation and the like. Number of antenna elements 202 may vary in relation with the desired range and power transmission capability on transmitter 200, the more antenna elements 202, the wider range and higher power transmission capability.


Antenna elements 202 may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz as these frequency bands conform to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations part 18 (Industrial, Scientific and Medical equipment). Antenna elements 202 may operate in independent frequencies, allowing a multichannel operation of pocket-forming.


In addition, antenna elements 202 may have at least one polarization or a selection of polarizations. Such polarization may include vertical pole, horizontal pole, circularly polarized, left hand polarized, right hand polarized, or a combination of polarizations. The selection of polarizations may vary in dependency of transmitter 200 characteristics. In addition, antenna elements 202 may be located in various surfaces of transmitter 200.


Antenna elements 202 may operate in single array, pair array, quad array and any other suitable arrangement, which may be designed in accordance with the desired application.


RFIC 204 may include a plurality of RF circuits which may include digital and/or analog components, such as, amplifiers, capacitors, oscillators, piezoelectric crystals and the like. RFIC 204 may control features of antenna elements 202, such as gain and/or phase for pocket-forming and manage it through direction, power level, and the like. The phase and the amplitude of pocket-forming in each antenna elements 202 may be regulated by the corresponding RFIC 204 in order to generate the desired pocket-forming and null steering. In addition RFIC 204 may be connected to microcontroller 206, which may include a digital signal processor (DSP), PIC-Class microprocessor, central processing unit, computer and the like. Microcontroller 206 may control a variety of features of RFIC 204 such as, time emission of pocket-forming, direction of the pocket-forming, bounce angle, power intensity and the like. Furthermore, microcontroller 206 may control multiple pocket-forming over multiple receivers or over a single receiver. Furthermore, transmitter 200 may allow distance discrimination of wireless power transmission.


In addition, microcontroller 206 may manage and control communication protocols and signals by controlling communication component 208. Microcontroller 206 may process information received by communication component 208 which may send and receive signals to and from a receiver in order to track it and concentrate the pocket of energy 108 on it. In addition, other information may be transmitted from and to receiver 106; such information may include authentication protocols among others. Communication component 208 may include and combine Bluetooth technology, infrared communication, WI-FI, FM radio among others. Microcontroller 206 may determine optimum times and locations for pocket-forming, including the most efficient trajectory to transmit pocket forming in order to reduce losses because obstacles. Such trajectory may include direct pocket-forming, bouncing, and distance discrimination of pocket-forming.


Transmitter 200 may be fed by a power source 210 which may include AC or DC power supply. Voltage, power and current intensity provided by power source 210 may vary in dependency with the required power to be transmitted. Conversion of power to radio signal may be managed by microcontroller 206 and carried out by RFIC 204, which may utilize a plurality of methods and components to produce radio signals in a wide variety of frequencies, wavelength, intensities and other features. As an exemplary use of a variety of methods and components for radio signal generation, oscillators and piezoelectric crystals may be used to create and change radio frequencies in different antenna elements 202. In addition, a variety of filters may be used for smoothing signals as well as amplifiers for increasing power to be transmitted.


Transmitter 200 may emit RF power waves that are pocket-forming with a power capability from few watts to a predetermined number of watts required by a particular chargeable electronic device. Each antenna may manage a certain power capacity. Such power capacity may be related with the application.


In addition to housing 212, an independent base station may include microcontroller 206 and power source 210, thus, several transmitters 200 may be managed by a single base station and a single microcontroller 206. Such capability may allow the location of transmitters 200 in a variety of strategic positions, such as ceiling, decorations, walls and the like.


Antenna elements 202, RFIC 204 and microcontrollers 206 may be connected in a plurality of arrangements and combinations, which may depend on the desired characteristics of transmitter 200.



FIG. 3 depicts a flat transmitter 300 in a front view and a rear view. Transmitter 300 may include antenna elements 202 and RFIC 204 in a flat arrangement. RFIC 204 may be directly embedded behind each antenna elements 202; such integration may reduce losses due the shorter distance between components.


In transmitter 300, the phase and the amplitude of each pocket-forming in each antenna elements 202 may be regulated by the corresponding RFIC 204 in order to generate the desired pocket-forming and null steering. RFIC 204 singled coupled to each antenna elements 202 may reduce processing requirement and may increase control over pocket-forming, allowing multiple pocket-forming and a higher granular pocket-forming with less load over microcontroller 206; thus, a higher response of higher number of multiple pocket-forming may be allowed. Furthermore, multiple pocket-forming may charge a higher number of receivers and may allow a better trajectory to such receivers.


As described in FIG. 1, RFIC 204 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206 as well as microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 300.



FIG. 4 depicts a flat transmitter 400 in a front view and a rear view. Transmitter 400 may include antenna elements 202 and RFIC 204 in a flat arrangement. A subset of 4 antenna elements 202 may be connected to a single RFIC 204.


The lower number of RFIC 204 present in the transmitter 400 may correspond to desired features such as: Lower control of multiple pocket forming, lower levels of granularity and a less expensive embodiment.


As described in FIG. 1, RFIC 204 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206. Furthermore, microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 400.



FIG. 5 depicts a flat transmitter 500 in a front view and a rear view. Transmitter 500 may include antenna elements 202 and 204 in a flat arrangement. A row or column of antenna elements 202 may be connected to a single RFIC 204.


The lower number of RFIC 204 present in the transmitter 500 may correspond to desired features such as: Lower control of multiple pocket-forming, lower levels of granularity and a less expensive embodiment. RFIC 204 connected to each row or column may allow a less expensive transmitter 500, which may produce pocket-forming by changing phase and gain between rows or columns.


As described in FIG. 1. RFIC 204 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206. Furthermore, microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 500.



FIG. 6 depicts a flat transmitter 600 in a front view and a rear view. Transmitter 600 may include antenna elements 202 and RFIC 204 in a flat arrangement. A cascade arrangement is depicted, 2 antenna elements 202 may be connected to a single RFIC 204 and this in turn to a single RFIC 204, which may be connected to a final RFIC 602 and this in turn to one or more microcontroller 206.


Flat transmitter 600 using a cascade arrangement of RFIC 204 may provide greater control over pocket-forming and may increase response for targeting receivers 106. Furthermore, a higher reliability and accuracy may be achieved because multiple redundancy of RFIC 204.


As described in FIG. 1. RFIC 602 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206. Furthermore, microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 600.



FIG. 7 depicts a transmitter 700, which may include a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) layers 702 which may include antenna elements 202 for providing greater control over pocket-forming and may increase response for targeting receivers 106.


Multiple PCB layers 702 may increase the range and the amount of power that could be transferred by transmitter 700. PCB layers 702 may be connected to a single microcontroller 206 or to dedicated microcontrollers 206. Similarly RFIC 204 may be connected antenna elements 202 as depicted in the foregoing embodiments.


As described in FIG. 1. RFIC 204 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206. Furthermore, microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 700.



FIG. 8 depicts a brick transmitter 800, which may include a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) layers 802 inside it, which may include antenna elements 202 for providing greater control over pocket-forming and may increase response for targeting receivers 106. Furthermore, range of wireless power transmission may be increased by the brick transmitter 800.


Multiple PCB layers 802 may increase the range and the amount of RF power waves that could be transferred or broadcasted wirelessly by transmitter 700 due the higher density of antenna elements 202. PCB layers 702 may be connected to a single microcontroller 206 or to dedicated microcontrollers 206 for each antenna element 202. Similarly RFIC 204 may control antenna elements 202 as depicted in the foregoing embodiments. Furthermore, brick shape of transmitter 800 may increase action ratio of wireless power transmission; thus, brick transmitter 800 may be located on a plurality of surfaces such as, desks, tables, floors, and the like. In addition, brick transmitter 800 may include several arrangements of PCB layers 802, which may be oriented in X, Y, Z axis and a combination these.


As described in FIG. 1. RFIC 204 may be coupled to one or more microcontrollers 206. Furthermore, microcontrollers 206 may be included into an independent base station or into the transmitter 800.


While the invention has been shown and described with reference to the embodiments as disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments may be contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

Claims
  • 1. A transmitter for wireless power transmission, comprising: a plurality of antennas configured to transmit a plurality of radio frequency (RF) power waves including first power waves and second power waves;a first radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) that is communicatively coupled to a first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, wherein the first RFIC is configured to: generate the first power waves via the first subset of two or more antennas using a first RF oscillator and a first RF amplifier on the first RFIC, andcontrol transmission of the first power waves by causing the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the first power waves with a first amplitude, a first phase and a first frequency;a second RFIC that is communicatively coupled to a second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, distinct from the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, wherein the second RFIC is distinct from the first RFIC and is configured to: generate the second power waves via the second subset of two or more antennas using a second RF oscillator and a second RF amplifier on the second RFIC, andcontrol transmission of the second power waves by causing the second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the second power waves with a second phase, a second amplitude and a second frequency that are adjusted with respect to the first phase, the first amplitude and the first frequency; anda microcontroller, distinct and separate from the first and second RFICs, communicatively coupled to the first RFIC and the second RFIC, wherein the microcontroller is configured to manage operation of the first RFIC and the second RFIC such that the plurality of power waves form multichannel constructive interference patterns at a first location having a receiver and a destructive interference pattern at a second location without the receiver, while transmitting from at least one of the plurality of antennas.
  • 2. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, wherein the transmitter further includes a housing, a power source circuit within the housing and an electrical plug extending from the housing for connecting to a wall outlet or other electrical source of power.
  • 3. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of antennas comprise at least one of meta-materials, micro-printed circuits, nano-materials, and printed circuit boards.
  • 4. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, further comprising: a communications component configured to receive communication signals from the receiver, wherein the communication signals include status information of the receiver, andwherein the microcontroller is further programmed, based upon the status information, to control at least one of the first RFIC or the second RFIC to adjust transmission of at least one of the first power waves or the second power waves to at least one of: aim the constructive interference patterns at the location proximate to the receiver, avoid obstacles between the transmitter and the receiver, adjust the direction of at least one of the plurality of power waves, adjust the angle of bounce from walls or other surfaces to the receiver, and adjust the power intensity of the constructive interference patterns.
  • 5. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, further comprising: a communications component configured to receive communication signals from the receiver, wherein the communication signals include status information of the receiver, andwherein the microcontroller is further programmed, based upon the status information, to communicate with the receiver to track the receiver and to concentrate the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location having the receiver.
  • 6. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, further comprising: a communications component configured to receive communication signals from the receiver, wherein the communication signals include status information of the receiver, andwherein the power capability of the at least one of the plurality of power waves is based upon the status information.
  • 7. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, further including a plurality printed circuit boards (PCB boards) including multiple antennas on each PCB board of the plurality of PCB boards for greater control over forming a constructive interference pattern and for increasing the response time for tracking and targeting the receiver.
  • 8. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein: the first subset of two or more antennas is a first column of antennas of the plurality of antennas within the transmitter, andthe second subset of two or more antennas is a second column of antennas, distinct from the first column of antennas, of the plurality of antennas within the transmitter.
  • 9. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to: determine a time at which the constructive interference patterns at the first location of the receiver should be formed; andcause the first and second RFICs to generate and control transmission of the first and second power waves, respectively, to form the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location of the receiver at the determined time.
  • 10. The transmitter of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is further configured to: process information received from the receiver to identify the first location as a location at which the constructive interference patterns should be formed; andcause the first and second RFICs to generate and control transmission of the first and second power waves, respectively, to form the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location.
  • 11. The transmitter for wireless power transmission of claim 1, further comprising a third RFIC including a third RF oscillator and a third RF amplifier on the third RFIC, wherein the third RFIC is distinct from the first and the second RFICs and is coupled to the first and second RFICs respectively.
  • 12. A method of wireless power transmission, the method comprising: transmitting, by a plurality of antennas of a transmitter, a plurality of radio frequency (RF) power waves including first power waves and second power waves;generating, by a first RF oscillator and a first RF amplifier on a first radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) that is communicatively coupled to a first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, the first power waves,controlling, by the first RFIC, transmission of the first power waves by causing the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the first power waves with a first amplitude, a first phase and a first frequency;generating, by a second RF oscillator and a second RF amplifier on a second RFIC, distinct from the first RFIC, that is communicatively coupled to a second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, distinct from the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, the second power waves;controlling, by the second RFIC, transmission of the second power waves by causing the second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the second power waves with a second phase, a second amplitude and a second frequency that are adjusted with respect to the first phase, the first amplitude and the first frequency; andmanaging operation, by a microcontroller, distinct and separate from the first and second RFICs, communicatively coupled to the first RFIC and the second RFIC, the first RFIC and the second RFIC such that the plurality of power waves form multichannel constructive interference patterns at a first location having a receiver and a destructive interference pattern at a second location without the receiver, while continuously transmitting from at least one of the plurality of antennas.
  • 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of antennas include patch or other suitable antennas that operate in a frequency band having a range of about 900 MHz to about 5.8 GHz.
  • 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of antennas have at least one polarization or a selection of polarizations including vertical pole, horizontal pole, circularly polarized, left hand polarized, right hand polarized, or a combination of polarizations.
  • 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising: receiving, by a communications component of the transmitter configured to receive communication signals from the receiver, status information; andforming the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location based at least in part upon the received status information.
  • 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising controlling, by the microcontroller, at least one of the first RFIC or the second RFIC such that at least one of the first power waves or the second power waves are adjusted to avoid an obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • 17. The method of claim 12, further comprising: transmitting and receiving communication signals by a communications component of the transmitter, wherein the communication signals include Bluetooth, infrared, Wi-Fi, FM radio or Zigbee signals.
  • 18. The method of claim 12, further comprising: determining, by the microprocessor, a time at which the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location of the receiver should be formed; andcausing, by the microprocessor, the first and second RFICs to generate and control transmission of the first and second power waves, respectively, to form the constructive interference patterns at the first location of the receiver at the determined time.
  • 19. The method of claim 12, further comprising: processing, by the microprocessor, information received from the receiver to identify the first location as a location at which the multichannel constructive interference patterns should be formed; andcausing, by the microprocessor, the first and second RFICs to generate and control transmission of the first and second power waves, respectively, to form the multichannel constructive interference patterns at the first location.
  • 20. A system for wireless power transmission for charging an electronic device, comprising: a transmitter comprising: a plurality of antennas configured to transmit a plurality of radio frequency (RF) power waves including first power waves and second power waves;a first radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) that is communicatively coupled to a first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, wherein the first RFIC is configured to: generate the first power waves via the first subset of two or more antennas using a first oscillator and a first RF amplifier on the first RFIC, andcontrol transmission of the first power waves by causing the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the first power waves with a first amplitude, a first phase and a first frequency;a second RFIC that is communicatively coupled to a second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, distinct from the first subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas, wherein the second RFIC is distinct from the first RFIC and is configured to: generate the second power waves via the second subset of two or more antennas using a second oscillator and a second RF amplifier on the second RFIC, andcontrol transmission of the second power waves by causing the second subset of two or more antennas of the plurality of antennas to transmit the second power waves with a second phase, a second amplitude and a second frequency that are adjusted with respect to the first phase, the first amplitude and the first frequency; anda microcontroller, distinct and separate from the first and second RFICs, communicatively coupled to the first RFIC and the second RFIC, wherein the microcontroller is configured to manage operation of the first RFIC and the second RFIC such that the plurality of power waves form multichannel constructive interference patterns at a first location having a receiver and a destructive interference pattern at a second location without the receiver, while transmitting from at least one of the plurality of antennas; anda receiver associated with an electronic device, wherein the receiver comprises: at least one antenna configured to receive power from the multichannel constructive interference patterns in the form of an alternating current;a rectifier connected to the at least one antenna for converting the alternating current into a DC voltage; anda DC-DC converter configured to regulate the charging power to a battery connected to the DC-DC converter or to a power source for powering an electronic device.
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/677,706 filed Jul. 31, 2012, entitled Transmitters For Power Transmission, 61/668,799 filed Jul. 6, 2012, entitled Receivers For Power Transmission and 61/720,798 filed Oct. 31, 2012, entitled Scalable Antenna. Assemblies For Power Transmission, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by these references.

US Referenced Citations (913)
Number Name Date Kind
787412 Tesla Apr 1905 A
3167775 Guertler Jan 1965 A
3434678 Brown et al. Mar 1969 A
3696384 Lester Oct 1972 A
3754269 Clavin Aug 1973 A
4101895 Jones, Jr. Jul 1978 A
4360741 Fitzsimmons et al. Nov 1982 A
4944036 Hyatt Jul 1990 A
4995010 Knight Feb 1991 A
5200759 McGinnis Apr 1993 A
5211471 Rohrs May 1993 A
5548292 Hirshfield et al. Aug 1996 A
5556749 Mitsuhashi et al. Sep 1996 A
5568088 Dent Oct 1996 A
5646633 Dahlberg Jul 1997 A
5697063 Kishigami et al. Dec 1997 A
5712642 Hulderman Jan 1998 A
5936527 Isaacman Aug 1999 A
5982139 Parise Nov 1999 A
6046708 MacDonald, Jr. et al. Apr 2000 A
6127799 Krishnan Oct 2000 A
6127942 Welle Oct 2000 A
6163296 Lier et al. Dec 2000 A
6289237 Mickle et al. Sep 2001 B1
6329908 Frecska Dec 2001 B1
6421235 Ditzik Jul 2002 B2
6437685 Hanaki Aug 2002 B2
6456253 Rummeli et al. Sep 2002 B1
6476795 Derocher et al. Nov 2002 B1
6501414 Arndt et al. Dec 2002 B2
6583723 Watanabe et al. Jun 2003 B2
6597897 Tang Jul 2003 B2
6615074 Mickle et al. Sep 2003 B2
6650376 Obitsu Nov 2003 B1
6664920 Mott et al. Dec 2003 B1
6798716 Charych Sep 2004 B1
6803744 Sabo Oct 2004 B1
6856291 Mickle et al. Feb 2005 B2
6911945 Korva Jun 2005 B2
6960968 Odendaal et al. Nov 2005 B2
6967462 Landis Nov 2005 B1
6988026 Breed et al. Jan 2006 B2
7003350 Denker et al. Feb 2006 B2
7027311 Vanderelli et al. Apr 2006 B2
7068991 Parise Jun 2006 B2
7183748 Unno et al. Feb 2007 B1
7191013 Miranda et al. Mar 2007 B1
7196663 Bolzer et al. Mar 2007 B2
7205749 Hagen et al. Apr 2007 B2
7222356 Yonezawa et al. May 2007 B1
7274334 o'Riordan et al. Sep 2007 B2
7274336 Carson Sep 2007 B2
7351975 Brady et al. Apr 2008 B2
7359730 Dennis et al. Apr 2008 B2
7392068 Dayan Jun 2008 B2
7403803 Mickle et al. Jul 2008 B2
7443057 Nunally Oct 2008 B2
7451839 Perlman Nov 2008 B2
7463201 Chiang et al. Dec 2008 B2
7614556 Overhultz et al. Nov 2009 B2
7639994 Greene et al. Dec 2009 B2
7643312 Vanderelli et al. Jan 2010 B2
7652577 Madhow et al. Jan 2010 B1
7679576 Riedel et al. Mar 2010 B2
7702771 Ewing et al. Apr 2010 B2
7786419 Hyde et al. Aug 2010 B2
7812771 Greene et al. Oct 2010 B2
7830312 Choudhury et al. Nov 2010 B2
7844306 Shearer et al. Nov 2010 B2
7868482 Greene et al. Jan 2011 B2
7898105 Greene et al. Mar 2011 B2
7904117 Doan et al. Mar 2011 B2
7925308 Greene et al. Apr 2011 B2
7948208 Partovi et al. May 2011 B2
8055003 Mittleman et al. Nov 2011 B2
8070595 Alderucci et al. Dec 2011 B2
8072380 Crouch Dec 2011 B2
8092301 Alderucci et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099140 Arai Jan 2012 B2
8115448 John Feb 2012 B2
8159090 Greene et al. Apr 2012 B2
8159364 Zeine Apr 2012 B2
8180286 Yamasuge May 2012 B2
8228194 Mickle Jul 2012 B2
8234509 Gioscia et al. Jul 2012 B2
8264101 Hyde et al. Sep 2012 B2
8264291 Morita Sep 2012 B2
8276325 Clifton et al. Oct 2012 B2
8278784 Cook et al. Oct 2012 B2
8284101 Fusco Oct 2012 B2
8310201 Wright Nov 2012 B1
8338991 Von Novak et al. Dec 2012 B2
8362745 Tinaphong Jan 2013 B2
8380255 Shearer et al. Feb 2013 B2
8410953 Zeine Apr 2013 B2
8411963 Luff Apr 2013 B2
8432062 Greene et al. Apr 2013 B2
8432071 Huang et al. Apr 2013 B2
8446248 Zeine May 2013 B2
8447234 Cook et al. May 2013 B2
8451189 Fluhler May 2013 B1
8452235 Kirby et al. May 2013 B2
8457656 Perkins et al. Jun 2013 B2
8461817 Martin et al. Jun 2013 B2
8467733 Leabman Jun 2013 B2
8497601 Hall et al. Jul 2013 B2
8497658 Von Novak et al. Jul 2013 B2
8552597 Song et al. Aug 2013 B2
8558661 Zeine Oct 2013 B2
8560026 Chanterac Oct 2013 B2
8604746 Lee Dec 2013 B2
8614643 Leabman Dec 2013 B2
8621245 Shearer et al. Dec 2013 B2
8626249 Kuusilinna et al. Jan 2014 B2
8629576 Levine Jan 2014 B2
8653966 Rao et al. Feb 2014 B2
8674551 Low et al. Mar 2014 B2
8686685 Moshfeghi Apr 2014 B2
8712355 Black et al. Apr 2014 B2
8712485 Tam Apr 2014 B2
8718773 Wills et al. May 2014 B2
8729737 Schatz et al. May 2014 B2
8736228 Freed et al. May 2014 B1
8770482 Ackermann et al. Jul 2014 B2
8772960 Yoshida Jul 2014 B2
8823319 Von Novak, III et al. Sep 2014 B2
8832646 Wendling Sep 2014 B1
8854176 Zeine Oct 2014 B2
8860364 Low et al. Oct 2014 B2
8897770 Frolov et al. Nov 2014 B1
8903456 Chu et al. Dec 2014 B2
8917057 Hui Dec 2014 B2
8923189 Leabman Dec 2014 B2
8928544 Massie et al. Jan 2015 B2
8937408 Ganem et al. Jan 2015 B2
8946940 Kim et al. Feb 2015 B2
8963486 Kirby et al. Feb 2015 B2
8970070 Sada et al. Mar 2015 B2
8989053 Skaaksrud et al. Mar 2015 B1
9000616 Greene et al. Apr 2015 B2
9001622 Perry Apr 2015 B2
9006934 Kozakai et al. Apr 2015 B2
9021277 Shearer et al. Apr 2015 B2
9030161 Lu et al. May 2015 B2
9059598 Kang et al. Jun 2015 B2
9059599 Won et al. Jun 2015 B2
9077188 Moshfeghi Jul 2015 B2
9083595 Rakib et al. Jul 2015 B2
9088216 Garrity et al. Jul 2015 B2
9124125 Leabman et al. Sep 2015 B2
9130397 Leabman et al. Sep 2015 B2
9130602 Cook Sep 2015 B2
9142998 Yu et al. Sep 2015 B2
9143000 Leabman et al. Sep 2015 B2
9143010 Urano Sep 2015 B2
9178389 Hwang Nov 2015 B2
9225196 Huang et al. Dec 2015 B2
9240469 Sun et al. Jan 2016 B2
9242411 Kritchman et al. Jan 2016 B2
9244500 Cain et al. Jan 2016 B2
9252628 Leabman et al. Feb 2016 B2
9270344 Rosenberg Feb 2016 B2
9282582 Dunsbergen et al. Mar 2016 B1
9294840 Anderson et al. Mar 2016 B1
9297896 Andrews Mar 2016 B1
9318898 John Apr 2016 B2
9368020 Bell et al. Jun 2016 B1
9401977 Gaw Jul 2016 B1
9409490 Kawashima Aug 2016 B2
9444283 Son et al. Sep 2016 B2
9450449 Leabman et al. Sep 2016 B1
9461502 Lee et al. Oct 2016 B2
9520725 Masaoka et al. Dec 2016 B2
9520748 Hyde et al. Dec 2016 B2
9522270 Perryman et al. Dec 2016 B2
9537354 Bell et al. Jan 2017 B2
9537357 Leabman Jan 2017 B2
9537358 Leabman Jan 2017 B2
9538382 Bell et al. Jan 2017 B2
9544640 Lau Jan 2017 B2
9559553 Bae Jan 2017 B2
9564773 Pogorelik et al. Feb 2017 B2
9590317 Zimmerman et al. Mar 2017 B2
9590444 Walley Mar 2017 B2
9620996 Zeine Apr 2017 B2
9647328 Dobric May 2017 B2
9711999 Hietala et al. Jul 2017 B2
9723635 Nambord et al. Aug 2017 B2
9793758 Leabman Oct 2017 B2
9793764 Perry Oct 2017 B2
9806564 Leabman Oct 2017 B2
9819230 Petras et al. Nov 2017 B2
9866279 Bell et al. Jan 2018 B2
20010027876 Tsukamoto et al. Oct 2001 A1
20020001307 Nguyen et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020024471 Ishitobi Feb 2002 A1
20020028655 Rosener et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020034958 Oberschmidt et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020054330 Jinbo et al. May 2002 A1
20020072784 Sheppard et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020095980 Breed et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020103447 Terry Aug 2002 A1
20020133592 Matsuda Sep 2002 A1
20020172223 Stilp Nov 2002 A1
20030005759 Breed et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030058187 Billiet et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030076274 Phelan et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030179152 Watada et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030179573 Chun Sep 2003 A1
20030192053 Sheppard et al. Oct 2003 A1
20040019624 Sukegawa Jan 2004 A1
20040020100 O'Brian et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040036657 Forster et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040066251 Eleftheriades et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040107641 Walton et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040113543 Daniels Jun 2004 A1
20040119675 Washio et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040130425 Dayan et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040130442 Breed Jul 2004 A1
20040142733 Parise Jul 2004 A1
20040145342 Lyon Jul 2004 A1
20040196190 Mendolia et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040203979 Attar et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040207559 Milosavljevic Oct 2004 A1
20040218759 Yacobi Nov 2004 A1
20040259604 Mickle et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040263124 Wieck et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050007276 Barrick Jan 2005 A1
20050030118 Wang Feb 2005 A1
20050046584 Breed Mar 2005 A1
20050055316 Williams Mar 2005 A1
20050093766 Turner May 2005 A1
20050116683 Cheng Jun 2005 A1
20050117660 Vialle et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050134517 Gottl Jun 2005 A1
20050171411 KenKnight Aug 2005 A1
20050198673 Kit et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050227619 Lee et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050232469 Schofield Oct 2005 A1
20050237249 Nagel Oct 2005 A1
20050237258 Abramov et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050282591 Shaff Dec 2005 A1
20060013335 Leabman Jan 2006 A1
20060019712 Choi Jan 2006 A1
20060030279 Leabman et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060033674 Essig, Jr. et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060071308 Tang et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060092079 de Rochemont May 2006 A1
20060094425 Mickle et al. May 2006 A1
20060113955 Nunally Jun 2006 A1
20060119532 Yun et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136004 Cowan et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060160517 Yoon Jul 2006 A1
20060183473 Ukon Aug 2006 A1
20060190063 Kanzius Aug 2006 A1
20060192913 Shutou et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060199620 Greene et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060238365 Vecchione et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060266564 Perlman et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060266917 Baldis et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060278706 Hatakayama et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060284593 Nagy et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060287094 Mahaffey et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070007821 Rossetti Jan 2007 A1
20070019693 Graham Jan 2007 A1
20070021140 Keyes Jan 2007 A1
20070060185 Simon et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070070490 Tsunoda et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070090997 Brown et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093269 Leabman et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070097653 Gilliland et al. May 2007 A1
20070103110 Sagoo May 2007 A1
20070106894 Zhang May 2007 A1
20070109121 Cohen May 2007 A1
20070139000 Kozuma Jun 2007 A1
20070149162 Greene et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070164868 Deavours et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173196 Gallic Jul 2007 A1
20070173214 Mickle et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070178857 Greene et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070178945 Cook et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070182367 Partovi Aug 2007 A1
20070191074 Harrist et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070191075 Greene et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070197281 Stronach Aug 2007 A1
20070210960 Rofougaran et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070222681 Greene et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070257634 Leschin et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070273486 Shiotsu Nov 2007 A1
20070296639 Hook et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070298846 Greene et al. Dec 2007 A1
20080014897 Cook et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080024376 Norris et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080062062 Borau et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080062255 Gal Mar 2008 A1
20080067874 Tseng Mar 2008 A1
20080074324 Puzella et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080089277 Aledander et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080110263 Klessel et al. May 2008 A1
20080113816 Mahaffey et al. May 2008 A1
20080122297 Arai May 2008 A1
20080123383 Shionoiri May 2008 A1
20080129536 Randall et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140278 Breed Jun 2008 A1
20080169910 Greene et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080197802 Onishi Aug 2008 A1
20080204342 Kharadly Aug 2008 A1
20080204350 Tam et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080210762 Osada et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080211458 Lawther et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080233890 Baker Sep 2008 A1
20080248758 Schedelbeck et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080248846 Stronach et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080258993 Gummalla et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080266191 Hilgers Oct 2008 A1
20080278378 Chang et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080309452 Zeine Dec 2008 A1
20090002493 Kates Jan 2009 A1
20090019183 Wu et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090036065 Siu Feb 2009 A1
20090047998 Alberth, Jr. Feb 2009 A1
20090058354 Harrison Mar 2009 A1
20090058361 John Mar 2009 A1
20090058731 Geary et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090067208 Martin et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090096412 Huang Apr 2009 A1
20090096413 Partovi Apr 2009 A1
20090102292 Cook et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090102296 Greene et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090108679 Porwal Apr 2009 A1
20090128262 Lee et al. May 2009 A1
20090157911 Aihara Jun 2009 A1
20090200985 Zane et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206791 Jung Aug 2009 A1
20090207090 Pettus et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090207092 Nysen et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090218884 Soar Sep 2009 A1
20090218891 McCollough Sep 2009 A1
20090219903 Alamouti et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090243397 Cook et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090264069 Yamasuge Oct 2009 A1
20090280866 Lo et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090281678 Wakamatsu Nov 2009 A1
20090284082 Mohammadian Nov 2009 A1
20090284083 Karalis et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090284220 Toncich et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090284227 Mohammadian et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090284325 Rossiter et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090286475 Toncich et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090291634 Saarisalo Nov 2009 A1
20090299175 Bernstein et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090315412 Yamamoto et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090322281 Kamijo et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100001683 Huang et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100007307 Baarman et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100007569 Sim et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100019686 Gutierrez, Jr. Jan 2010 A1
20100019908 Cho et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100026605 Yang et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100027379 Saulnier et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100029383 Dai Feb 2010 A1
20100033021 Bennett Feb 2010 A1
20100033390 Alamouti et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100041453 Grimm, Jr. Feb 2010 A1
20100044123 Perlman et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100054200 Tsai Mar 2010 A1
20100060534 Oodachi Mar 2010 A1
20100066631 Puzella et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100075607 Hosoya Mar 2010 A1
20100079005 Hyde et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082193 Chiappetta Apr 2010 A1
20100087227 Francos et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100090656 Shearer et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100109443 Cook et al. May 2010 A1
20100117926 DeJean, II May 2010 A1
20100119234 Suematsu et al. May 2010 A1
20100123618 Martin et al. May 2010 A1
20100123624 Minear et al. May 2010 A1
20100127660 Cook et al. May 2010 A1
20100142418 Nishioka et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100142509 Zhu et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100148723 Cook et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100151808 Toncich et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100156721 Alamouti et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100156741 Vazquez et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100164296 Kurs et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100164433 Janefalker et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100171461 Baarman et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100174629 Taylor et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100176934 Chou et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100181961 Novak et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100181964 Huggins et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100194206 Burdo et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100201189 Kirby et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100201201 Mobarhan Aug 2010 A1
20100201314 Toncich et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100207572 Kirby et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100210233 Cook et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100213895 Keating et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100214177 Parsche Aug 2010 A1
20100225270 Jacobs et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100227570 Hendin Sep 2010 A1
20100237709 Hall et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100244576 Hillam et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100256831 Abramo et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100259110 Kurs et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100259447 Crouch Oct 2010 A1
20100264747 Hall et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100277003 Von Novak et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100277121 Hall et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100289341 Ozaki et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100295372 Hyde et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100308767 Rofougaran et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100309079 Rofougaran et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100309088 Hyvonen et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100315045 Zeine Dec 2010 A1
20100316163 Forenza et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100327766 Recker et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100328044 Waffenschmidt et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332401 Prahlad et al. Dec 2010 A1
20110013198 Shirley Jan 2011 A1
20110018360 Baarman et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110028114 Kerselaers Feb 2011 A1
20110031928 Soar Feb 2011 A1
20110032149 Leabman Feb 2011 A1
20110032866 Leabman Feb 2011 A1
20110034190 Leabman Feb 2011 A1
20110034191 Leabman Feb 2011 A1
20110043047 Karalis et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110043163 Baarman et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110043327 Baarman et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110050166 Cook et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110055037 Hayashigawa et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110056215 Ham Mar 2011 A1
20110057607 Carobolante Mar 2011 A1
20110074342 MacLaughlin Mar 2011 A1
20110074349 Ghovanloo Mar 2011 A1
20110074620 Wintermantel Mar 2011 A1
20110078092 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110090126 Szini et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110109167 Park et al. May 2011 A1
20110114401 Kanno et al. May 2011 A1
20110115303 Baarman et al. May 2011 A1
20110115432 El-Maleh May 2011 A1
20110115605 Dimig et al. May 2011 A1
20110121660 Azancot et al. May 2011 A1
20110122018 Tarng et al. May 2011 A1
20110122026 DeLaquil et al. May 2011 A1
20110127845 Walley et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110127952 Walley et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110133655 Recker et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110133691 Hautanen Jun 2011 A1
20110148578 Aloi et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110151789 Viglione et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110154429 Stantchev Jun 2011 A1
20110156494 Mashinsky Jun 2011 A1
20110156640 Moshfeghi Jun 2011 A1
20110163128 Taguchi et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110175455 Hashiguchi Jul 2011 A1
20110175461 Tinaphong Jul 2011 A1
20110181120 Liu et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110182245 Malkamaki et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184842 Melen Jul 2011 A1
20110188207 Won et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110194543 Zhao et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110195722 Walter et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110199046 Tsai et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110215086 Yeh Sep 2011 A1
20110217923 Ma Sep 2011 A1
20110220634 Yeh Sep 2011 A1
20110221389 Won et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110222272 Yeh Sep 2011 A1
20110243040 Khan et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110243050 Yanover Oct 2011 A1
20110244913 Kim et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110248573 Kanno et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110248575 Kim et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110249678 Bonicatto Oct 2011 A1
20110254377 Widmer et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110254503 Widmer et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110259953 Baarman et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110273977 Shapira et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110278941 Krishna Nov 2011 A1
20110279226 Chen et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110281535 Low et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282415 Eckhoff et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110285213 Kowalewski Nov 2011 A1
20110286374 Shin et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110291489 Tsai et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110302078 Failing Dec 2011 A1
20110304216 Baarman Dec 2011 A1
20110304437 Beeler Dec 2011 A1
20110304521 Ando et al. Dec 2011 A1
20120013196 Kim et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120013198 Uramoto et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120013296 Heydari et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120019419 Prat et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120043887 Mesibov Feb 2012 A1
20120051109 Kim et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120051294 Guillouard Mar 2012 A1
20120056486 Endo et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120056741 Zhu et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120068906 Asher et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120074891 Anderson et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120231856 Lee et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120080957 Cooper et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120086284 Capanella et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120095617 Martin et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120098350 Campanella et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120098485 Kang et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120099675 Kitamura et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120103562 Clayton May 2012 A1
20120104849 Jackson May 2012 A1
20120105252 Wang May 2012 A1
20120112532 Kesler et al. May 2012 A1
20120119914 Uchida May 2012 A1
20120126743 Rivers, Jr. May 2012 A1
20120132647 Beverly et al. May 2012 A1
20120133214 Yun et al. May 2012 A1
20120146426 Sabo Jun 2012 A1
20120146576 Partovi Jun 2012 A1
20120146577 Tanabe Jun 2012 A1
20120147802 Ukita et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120150670 Taylor et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120153894 Widmer et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120157019 Li Jun 2012 A1
20120161531 Kim et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120161544 Kashiwagi et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120169276 Wang Jul 2012 A1
20120169278 Choi Jul 2012 A1
20120173418 Beardsmore et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120181973 Lyden Jul 2012 A1
20120182427 Marshall Jul 2012 A1
20120187851 Huggins et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120193999 Zeine Aug 2012 A1
20120201153 Bharadia et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120201173 Jian et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120206299 Valdes-Garcia Aug 2012 A1
20120212072 Miyabayashi et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214462 Chu et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214536 Kim et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120200399 Chae Sep 2012 A1
20120228956 Kamata Sep 2012 A1
20120235636 Partovi Sep 2012 A1
20120242283 Kim et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120248886 Kesler et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120248891 Drennen Oct 2012 A1
20120249051 Son et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120262002 Widmer et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120267900 Huffman et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120268238 Park et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120274154 DeLuca Nov 2012 A1
20120280650 Kim et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120292993 Mettler et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120293021 Teggatz et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120293119 Park et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120299389 Lee et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120299540 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120299541 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120299542 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120300588 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120300592 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120300593 Perry Nov 2012 A1
20120306705 Sakurai et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120306707 Yang et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120306720 Tanmi et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120309295 Maguire Dec 2012 A1
20120309308 Kim et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120309332 Liao Dec 2012 A1
20120313449 Kurs Dec 2012 A1
20120326660 Lu Dec 2012 A1
20130002550 Zalewski Jan 2013 A1
20130024059 Miller et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130026981 Van Der Lee Jan 2013 A1
20130026982 Rothenbaum Jan 2013 A1
20130032589 Chung Feb 2013 A1
20130033571 Steen Feb 2013 A1
20130038124 Newdoll et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130038402 Karalis et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130043738 Park et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130044035 Zhuang Feb 2013 A1
20130049471 Oleynik Feb 2013 A1
20130049475 Kim et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130049484 Weissentern et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130057078 Lee Mar 2013 A1
20130057205 Lee et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130057210 Negaard et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130057364 Kesler et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130063082 Lee et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130063143 Adalsteinsson et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130069444 Waffenschmidt et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130077650 Traxler et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130078918 Crowley et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130082651 Park et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130082653 Lee et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130083774 Son et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130088082 Kang et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130088090 Wu Apr 2013 A1
20130088192 Eaton Apr 2013 A1
20130088331 Cho Apr 2013 A1
20130093388 Partovi Apr 2013 A1
20130099389 Hong et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130099586 Kato Apr 2013 A1
20130106197 Bae et al. May 2013 A1
20130107023 Tanaka et al. May 2013 A1
20130119777 Rees May 2013 A1
20130119929 Partovi May 2013 A1
20130120217 Ueda et al. May 2013 A1
20130132010 Winger et al. May 2013 A1
20130134923 Smith May 2013 A1
20130137455 Xia May 2013 A1
20130141037 Jenwatanavet et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130148341 Williams Jun 2013 A1
20130149975 Yu et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130154387 Lee et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130155748 Sundstrom Jun 2013 A1
20130157729 Tabe Jun 2013 A1
20130169061 Microshnichenko et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130169219 Gray Jul 2013 A1
20130169348 Shi Jul 2013 A1
20130171939 Tian et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130175877 Abe et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130178253 Karaoguz Jul 2013 A1
20130181881 Christie et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130193769 Mehta et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130197320 Albert et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130200064 Alexander Aug 2013 A1
20130207477 Nam et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130207604 Zeine Aug 2013 A1
20130207879 Rada et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130210357 Qin et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130221757 Cho et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130234530 Miyauchi Sep 2013 A1
20130234536 Chemishkian et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130234658 Endo et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130241306 Aber et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130241468 Moshfeghi Sep 2013 A1
20130241474 Moshfeghi Sep 2013 A1
20130249478 Hirano Sep 2013 A1
20130249479 Partovi Sep 2013 A1
20130254578 Huang et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130264997 Lee et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130268782 Tam et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130270923 Cook et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130278209 Von Novak Oct 2013 A1
20130285477 Lo et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130285606 Ben-Shalom et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130288600 Kuusilinna et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130293423 Moshfeghi Nov 2013 A1
20130307751 Yu-Juin et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130310020 Kazuhiro Nov 2013 A1
20130311798 Sultenfuss Nov 2013 A1
20130328417 Takeuchi Dec 2013 A1
20130334883 Kim et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130339108 Ryder et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130343251 Zhang Dec 2013 A1
20140001846 Mosebrook Jan 2014 A1
20140001875 Nahidipour Jan 2014 A1
20140001876 Fujiwara et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140006017 Sen Jan 2014 A1
20140008992 Leabman Jan 2014 A1
20140008993 Leabman Jan 2014 A1
20140009108 Leabman Jan 2014 A1
20140009110 Lee Jan 2014 A1
20140011531 Burstrom et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140015336 Weber et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140015344 Mohamadi Jan 2014 A1
20140021907 Yu et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140021908 McCool Jan 2014 A1
20140035524 Zeine Feb 2014 A1
20140035526 Tripathi et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140035786 Ley Feb 2014 A1
20140049422 Von Novak et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140055098 Lee et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140057618 Zirwas et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140062395 Kwon et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140086125 Polo et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140091756 Ofstein et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140091968 Harel et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140111147 Soar Apr 2014 A1
20140113689 Lee Apr 2014 A1
20140117946 Muller et al. May 2014 A1
20140118140 Amis May 2014 A1
20140128107 An May 2014 A1
20140132210 Partovi May 2014 A1
20140133279 Khuri-Yakub May 2014 A1
20140139034 Sankar et al. May 2014 A1
20140139039 Cook et al. May 2014 A1
20140139180 Kim et al. May 2014 A1
20140141838 Cai et al. May 2014 A1
20140142876 John et al. May 2014 A1
20140143933 Low et al. May 2014 A1
20140145879 Pan May 2014 A1
20140145884 Dang et al. May 2014 A1
20140152117 Sanker Jun 2014 A1
20140159651 Von Novak et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140159652 Hall et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140159662 Furui Jun 2014 A1
20140159667 Kim et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140169385 Hadani et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140175893 Sengupta et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140176054 Porat et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140176061 Cheatham, III et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140177399 Teng et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140184148 Van Der Lee et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140184155 Cha Jul 2014 A1
20140184163 Das et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140184170 Jeong Jul 2014 A1
20140191568 Partovi Jul 2014 A1
20140194092 Wanstedt et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140194095 Wanstedt et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140206384 Kim et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140210281 Ito et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140217967 Zeine et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140225805 Pan et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140232320 Ento July et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140232610 Shigemoto et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140239733 Mach et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140241231 Zeine Aug 2014 A1
20140245036 Oishi Aug 2014 A1
20140246416 White Sep 2014 A1
20140247152 Proud Sep 2014 A1
20140252813 Lee et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140252866 Walsh et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140265725 Angle et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140265727 Berte Sep 2014 A1
20140265943 Angle et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140266025 Jakubowski Sep 2014 A1
20140273892 Nourbakhsh Sep 2014 A1
20140281655 Angle et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140292090 Cordeiro et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140300452 Rofe et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140312706 Fiorello et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140325218 Shimizu et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140327320 Muhs et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140327390 Park et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140346860 Aubry et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140354063 Leabman Dec 2014 A1
20140354221 Leabman Dec 2014 A1
20140355718 Guan et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140357309 Leabman et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140368048 Leabman Dec 2014 A1
20140368161 Leabman et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140368405 Ek et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140375139 Tsukamoto Dec 2014 A1
20140375253 Leabman et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140375255 Leabman Dec 2014 A1
20140375258 Arkhipenkov Dec 2014 A1
20140375261 Manova-Elssibony et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140376646 Leabman et al. Dec 2014 A1
20150001949 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150002086 Matos et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150003207 Lee et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150008980 Kim et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150011160 Uurgovan et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150015180 Miller et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150015182 Brandtman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150015192 Leabamn Jan 2015 A1
20150015194 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150015195 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150021990 Myer et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150022008 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150022009 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150022010 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150023204 Wil et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150028688 Masaoka Jan 2015 A1
20150028694 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150028697 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150028875 Irie et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150029397 Leabman et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150035378 Calhoun et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150035715 Kim et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150041459 Leabman et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150042264 Leabman et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150042265 Leabman et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150044977 Ramasamy et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150046526 Bush et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150061404 Lamenza et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076917 Leabman et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076927 Leabman et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150077036 Leabman et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150077037 Leabman et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150091520 Blum et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150091706 Chemishkian et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150097663 Sloo et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150102681 Leabman et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150102764 Leabman et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150102769 Leabman et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150102973 Hand et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150108848 Joehren Apr 2015 A1
20150109181 Hyde et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150115877 Aria et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150115878 Park Apr 2015 A1
20150123483 Leabman et al. May 2015 A1
20150123496 Leabman et al. May 2015 A1
20150128733 Taylor et al. May 2015 A1
20150130285 Leabman May 2015 A1
20150130293 Hajimiri et al. May 2015 A1
20150148664 Stolka et al. May 2015 A1
20150155737 Mayo Jun 2015 A1
20150155738 Leabman et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150162751 Leabman et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150162779 Lee et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150171513 Chen et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150171656 Leabman et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150171658 Manova-Elssibony et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150171931 Won et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150177326 Chakraborty et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150188352 Peek et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150199665 Chu Jul 2015 A1
20150207333 Baarman et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150222126 Leabman et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150236520 Baarman Aug 2015 A1
20150244070 Cheng et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150244187 Horie Aug 2015 A1
20150244201 Chu Aug 2015 A1
20150244341 Ritter et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150249484 Mach et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150255989 Walley et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150263534 Lee et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150263548 Cooper Sep 2015 A1
20150270741 Leabman et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150280484 Radziemski et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150288438 Maltsev et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150311585 Church et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150312721 Singh Oct 2015 A1
20150318729 Leabman Nov 2015 A1
20150326024 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326025 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326063 Leabman et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326068 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326069 Petras et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326070 Petras et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326072 Petras et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150326142 Petras et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150327085 Hadani Nov 2015 A1
20150333528 Leabman Nov 2015 A1
20150333529 Leabman Nov 2015 A1
20150333573 Leabman Nov 2015 A1
20150333800 Perry et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340759 Bridgelall et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340903 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340909 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340910 Petras et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340911 Bell et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150341087 Moore et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150349574 Leabman Dec 2015 A1
20150358222 Berger et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150365137 Miller et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150365138 Miller et al. Dec 2015 A1
20160005068 Im et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160012695 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160013656 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160013677 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160013678 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160013855 Campos Jan 2016 A1
20160020636 Khlat Jan 2016 A1
20160020649 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160020830 Bell et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160042206 Pesavento et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160054396 Bell et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160054440 Younis Feb 2016 A1
20160056635 Bell Feb 2016 A1
20160056640 Mao Feb 2016 A1
20160056669 Bell Feb 2016 A1
20160056966 Bell Feb 2016 A1
20160065005 Won et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160079799 Khlat Mar 2016 A1
20160094091 Shin et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160094092 Davlantes et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160099601 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099602 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099609 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099610 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099611 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099612 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099613 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099614 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099755 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099756 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099757 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160099758 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160100124 Leabman et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160100312 Bell et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160126752 Vuori et al. May 2016 A1
20160126776 Kim et al. May 2016 A1
20160141908 Jakl et al. May 2016 A1
20160164563 Khawand et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160181849 Govindaraj Jun 2016 A1
20160181867 Daniel et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160181873 Mitcheson et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160191121 Bell Jun 2016 A1
20160204622 Leabman Jul 2016 A1
20160204642 Oh Jul 2016 A1
20160238365 Wixey et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160299210 Zeine Oct 2016 A1
20160323000 Liu et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160336804 Son et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160339258 Perryman et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160359367 Rothschild Dec 2016 A1
20170005481 Von Novak, III Jan 2017 A1
20170005516 Leabman et al. Jan 2017 A9
20170005524 Akuzawa et al. Jan 2017 A1
20170005530 Zeine et al. Jan 2017 A1
20170025903 Song et al. Jan 2017 A1
20170026087 Tanabe Jan 2017 A1
20170043675 Jones et al. Feb 2017 A1
20170047784 Jung et al. Feb 2017 A1
20170085120 Leabman et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170085437 Condeixa et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170092115 Sloo et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170110914 Bell Apr 2017 A1
20170163076 Park et al. Jun 2017 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (50)
Number Date Country
203826555 Sep 2014 CN
104090265 Oct 2014 CN
2000216655 Feb 2002 DE
1028482 Aug 2000 EP
1081506 Mar 2001 EP
2397973 Jun 2010 EP
2346136 Jul 2011 EP
2545635 Jan 2013 EP
2404497 Feb 2005 GB
2006157586 Jun 2006 JP
2007043432 Feb 2007 JP
2008167017 Jul 2008 JP
20060061776 Jun 2006 KR
20070044302 Apr 2007 KR
100755144 Sep 2007 KR
20110132059 Dec 2011 KR
20110135540 Dec 2011 KR
20120009843 Feb 2012 KR
20120108759 Oct 2012 KR
1020130026977 Mar 2013 KR
9952173 Oct 1999 WO
WO 200111716 Feb 2001 WO
2004077550 Sep 2004 WO
2003091943 Nov 2006 WO
WO 2006122783 Nov 2006 WO
2008156571 Dec 2008 WO
WO2010022181 Feb 2010 WO
WO 2010039246 Apr 2010 WO
WO 2010138994 Dec 2010 WO
2011112022 Sep 2011 WO
WO 2011112022 Sep 2011 WO
WO 2012177283 Dec 2012 WO
2013035190 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013031988 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013042399 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013052950 Apr 2013 WO
WO 2013105920 Jul 2013 WO
2014075103 May 2014 WO
WO 2014075103 May 2014 WO
WO 2014132258 Sep 2014 WO
WO 2014182788 Nov 2014 WO
WO 2014182788 Nov 2014 WO
2014197472 Dec 2014 WO
2014209587 Dec 2014 WO
WO 2015038773 Mar 2015 WO
WO 2015097809 Jul 2015 WO
WO 2015161323 Oct 2015 WO
WO 2016024869 Feb 2016 WO
WO 2016048512 Mar 2016 WO
WO 2016187357 Nov 2016 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (157)
Entry
Zhai et al. “A practical wireless charging system based on ultra-wideband retro-reflective beamforming,” 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Toronto, ON, 2010, pp. 1-4.
International Search Report dated Jan. 27, 2015 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/037170, 4 pages.
International Search Report dated Sep. 12, 2014 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/037072, 3 pages.
International Search Report dated Oct. 16, 2014 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041546, 4 pages.
International Search Report dated Oct. 13, 2014 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041534, 4 pages.
International Search Report dated Nov. 12, 2014 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/046956, 4 pages.
Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority dated Nov. 12, 2014 corresponding to International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/046956, 6 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Feb. 2, 2016 in International Application No. PCT/US15/67287, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion dated Mar. 4, 2016 in International Application No. PCT/US15/67291, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority dated Mar. 3, 2016 in International Application No. PCT/US15/67275, 33 pages.
Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration issued in International Application No. PCT/US15/67245 dated Mar. 17, 2016.
Supplementary European Search Report, dated Jul. 21, 2016 in European Patent Application No. EP 14818136.5, 9 pages.
L.H. Hsieh et al., Development of a Retrodirective Wireless Microwave Power Transmission System, IEEE, 2003, pp. 393-396.
B.D. Van Veen et al., Beamforming: A Versatile Approach to Spatial Filtering, IEEE ASSP Magazine, Apr. 1988, pp. 4-24.
M. Leabman, Adaptive Band-Partitioning for Interference Cancellation in Communication Systems, Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Feb. 1997, pp. 1-70.
International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration dated Mar. 17, 2016 in International Application No. PCT/US2015/067245, 13 pages.
Energous Corp., Written Opinion, PCT/US2014/037170 , dated Sep. 15, 2014, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/037170, dated Nov. 10, 2015, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., Written Opinion, PCT/US2014/041534, dated Oct. 13, 2014, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/041534, dated Dec. 29, 2015, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/046956, dated Jan. 19, 2016, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., Written Opinion, PCT/US2014/037072, dated Sep. 12, 2014, 5 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/037072, dated Nov. 10, 2015, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/041546, dated Oct. 16, 2014, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/068568, dated Mar. 20, 2015, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/068568, dated Jun. 14, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/055195, dated Dec. 22, 2014, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/055195, dated Mar. 22, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067291, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 4 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/067242, dated Mar. 16, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067242, dated Jun. 27, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/067243, dated Mar. 10, 2016, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067243, dated Jun. 27, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/037109, dated Apr. 8, 2016, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/037109, dated Apr. 12, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067275, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067245, dated Jun. 27, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/041546, dated Dec. 29, 2015, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/67250, dated Mar. 30, 2016, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/67250, dated Mar. 30, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/067325, dated Mar. 10, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067325, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/040697, dated Oct. 1, 2014, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/040697, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/040705, dated Sep. 23, 2014, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/040705, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO PCT/US2015/067249, dated Mar. 29, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067249, dated Jun. 27, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO PCT/US2015/067246, dated May 11, 2016, 18 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067246, dated Jun. 27, 2017, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO PCT/US2014/059317, dated Feb. 24, 2015, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/059317, dated Apr. 12, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO PCT/US2014/049669, dated Nov. 13, 2014, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/049669, dated Feb. 9, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/041323, dated Oct. 1, 2014, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/041323, dated Dec. 22, 2015, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/048002, dated Nov. 13, 2014, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/048002, dated Feb. 12, 2015 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/062682, dated Feb. 12, 2015, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/062682, dated May 3, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/049666, dated Nov. 10, 2014, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/049666, dated Feb. 9, 2016, 5 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/046961, dated Nov. 24, 2014, 16 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/046961, dated Jan. 19, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/067279, dated Mar. 11, 2015, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067279, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/041342, dated Jan. 27, 2015, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/041342, dated Dec. 15, 2015, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/046941, dated Nov. 6, 2014, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/046941, dated Jan. 19, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/062661, dated Jan. 27, 2015, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/062661, dated May 3, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/059871, dated Jan. 23, 2015, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/059871, dated Apr. 12, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/045102, dated Oct. 28, 2014, 14 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/045102, dated Jan. 12, 2016, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/059340, dated Jan. 15, 2015, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/059340, dated Apr. 12, 2016, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2015/067282, dated Jul. 5, 2016, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067282, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/041558, dated Oct. 10, 2014, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/041558, dated Dec. 29, 2015, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/045119, dated Oct. 13, 2014, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/045119, dated Jan. 12, 2016, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO PCT/US2014/045237, dated Oct. 13, 2014, 16 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/045237, dated Jan. 12, 2016, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/054897, dated Feb. 17, 2015, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/054897, dated Mar. 15, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2015/067334, dated Mar. 3, 2016, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2015/067334, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 5 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/047963, dated Nov. 7, 2014, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/047963, dated Jan. 26, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/054891, dated Dec. 18, 2014, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/054891, dated Mar. 15, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/054953, dated Dec. 4, 2014, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/054953, dated Mar. 22, 2016, 5 pgs.
Energous Corp.,ISRWO , PCT/US2015/067294, dated Mar. 29, 2016, 7 pgs.
Energous Corp.,IPRP , PCT/US2015/067294, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp.,ISRWO , PCT/US2014/062672 dated Jan. 26, 2015, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/062672 dated May 10, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp.,ISRWO , PCT/US2014/044810 dated Oct. 21, 2014, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/044810, dated Jan. 5, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2015/067271, dated Mar. 11, 2016, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2015/067271, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 5 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/040648, dated Oct. 10, 2014, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/040648, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/049673, dated Nov. 18, 2014, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP , PCT/US2014/049673, dated Feb. 9, 2016, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO , PCT/US2014/068282, dated Mar. 19, 2015, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/068282, dated Jun. 7, 2016, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2014/068586, dated Mar. 20, 2015, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2014/068586, dated Jun. 14, 2016, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068504, dated Mar. 30, 2017, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068495, dated Mar. 30, 2017, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., IPRP, PCT/US2015/067287, dated Jul. 4, 2017, 6 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068551, dated Mar. 17, 2017, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068498, dated May 17, 2017, 8 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068993, dated Mar. 13, 2017, 12 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068565, dated Mar. 8, 2017, 11 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/068987, dated May 8, 2017, 10 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2016/069316 , dated Mar. 16, 2017, 15 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. EP16189052.0, dated Jan. 31, 2017, 11 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. EP16189319-3, dated Feb. 1, 2017, 9 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. EP14822971, dated Feb. 1, 2017, 9 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. EP16189987, dated Feb. 1, 2017, 8 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16196205.5, dated Mar. 28, 2017, 7 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16189300, dated Feb. 28, 2017, 4 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16189988.5, dated Mar. 1, 2017, 4 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16189982.5, dated Jan. 27, 2017, 9 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16189974, dated Mar. 2, 2017, 5 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 16193743, dated Feb. 2, 2017, 5 pgs.
European Search Report, EP Patent Application No. 14868901.1, dated Jul. 7, 2017, 5 pgs.
Panda, SIW based Slot Array Antenna and Power Management Circuit for Wireless Energy Harvesting Applications, IEEE APSURSI, Jul. 2012, 2 pgs.
Singh, Wireless Power Transfer Using Metamaterial Bonded Microstrip Antenna for Smart Grid WSN: In Fourth International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communications (ICACC), Aug. 27-29, 2014, Abstract 299.
T. Gill et al. “A System for Change Detection and Human Recognition in Voxel Space using the Microsoft Kinect Sensor,” 2011 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop. 8 pgs.
J. Han et al. Enhanced Computer Vision with Microsoft Kinect Sensor: A Review, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics vol. 43, No. 5. pp. 1318-1334.
Zhai, “A Practical wireless charging system based on ultra-wideband retro-reflective beamforming” 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Toronto, ON 2010, pp. 1-4.
Mao: BeamStar: An Edge-Based Approach to Routing in Wireless Sensors Networks, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, IEEE Service Center, Los Alamitos, CA US, vol. 6, No. 11, Nov. 1, 2007, 13 pgs.
Smolders—Institute of Electrical 1-15 and Electronics Engineers: “Broadband microstrip array antennas” Digest of the Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. Seattle, WA Jun. 19-24, 1994. Abstract 3 pgs.
Paolo Nenzi et al; “U-Helix: On-chip short conical antenna”, 2013 7th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), ISBN:978-1-4673-2187-7, IEEE, Apr. 8, 2013, 5 pgs.
Adamiuk G et al; “Compact, Dual-Polarized UWB-Antanna, Embedded in a Dielectric” IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, IEEE Service Center, Piscataway, NJ, US vol. 56, No. 2, ISSN: 0018-926X, abstract; Figure 1, Feb. 1, 2010, 8 pgs.
Mascarenas et al.; “Experimental Studies of Using Wireless Energy Transmission for Powering Embedded Sensor Nodes.” Nov. 28, 2009, Journal of Sound and Vibration, pp. 2421-2433.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2018/012806 , dated Mar. 23, 2018, 9 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2017/046800 , dated Sep. 11, 2017, 13 pgs.
Energous Corp., ISRWO, PCT/US2017/065886, dated Apr. 6, 2018, 13 pgs.
Order Granting Reexamination Request Control No. 90013793 Aug. 31, 2016, 23 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., PGR2016-00023—Institution Decision, Nov. 29, 2016, 29 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., PGR2016-00024—Institution Decision, Nov. 29, 2016, 50 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., PGR2016-00024—Judgement-Adverse, Jan. 20, 2017, 3 pgs.
ReExam Ordered Control No. 90013793 Feb. 2, 2017, 8 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., Declaration of Stephen B. Heppe in Support of Petition for Post-Grant Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,124,125, PGR2016-00024, May 31, 2016, 122 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., Petition for Post-Grant Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,124,125, May 31, 2016, 92 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., Patent Owner Preliminary Response, Sep. 8, 2016, 95 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., Petition for Post Grant Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,124,125, May 31, 2016, 86 pgs.
Ossia Inc. vs Energous Corp., Declaration of Stephen B. Heppe in Support of Petition for Post-Grant Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,124,125, PGR2016-00023, May 31, 2016, 144 pgs.
European Search Report. EP15876036, dated May 3, 2018, 9 pgs.
Li et al. High-Efficiency Switching-Mode Charger System Design Considerations with Dynamic Power Path Management, Mar./Apr. 2012 Issue, 8 pgs.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20140009108 A1 Jan 2014 US
Provisional Applications (3)
Number Date Country
61677706 Jul 2012 US
61668799 Jul 2012 US
61720798 Oct 2012 US