Patent Application
20210001168
The present invention relates to an improved gymnastic machine with closed circuit sliding belt.
In greater detail, the invention concerns a gymnastic machine with a closed circuit sliding belt which is an exercise surface and which enables the user to carry out gymnastic exercises such as running, walking and the like, which gymnastic machine includes technical solutions that make it very compact.
In these gymnastic machines, the sliding belt is moved by an electric motor, which moves a front or rear transmission shaft on the machine.
This type of gymnastic machine is designed and realised in particular for carrying out gymnastic exercises, such as running or walking, where the user carrying out the exercise imparts an active force.
The description below relates to a sliding belt machine for carrying out walking and running exercises, but it is very clear that the same should not be considered limited to this specific use.
As is well-known, at present there exist gymnastic machines with a sliding belt comprising electric motors which set the sliding belt in rotation.
The electric motors at present installed on gymnastic machines with sliding belt of known type comprise complex kinematic chains, and rigid mechanisms for transformation and transmission of the motion that lead to large volumes and high degrees of wear among the parts.
Consequently, also the overall external structure of the gymnastic machine has considerable dimensions.
This leads to the machines being rather voluminous. In the professional environment, this leads to a need to reserve adequate space in professional environments where the gymnastic machine is installed, such as gymnasia and the like.
In the domestic environment, on the other hand, the need to save space is even more essential.
A further disadvantage of gymnastic machines comprising electric motors of known type is due to yielding and wear of the mechanical components the known motor is made up of.
A still further disadvantage of gymnastic machines of known type is the fact that the electric motors installed reach maximum efficiency at a high revolution count and limited motor torques, so as to limit volumes, so it is not possible to couple the motor directly to the front or rear shaft.
In effect, in order to house the electric motors at present installed in these types of gymnastic machines, typically having a magnetic flow of radial type, it is necessary to include housings, with a relative hood, usually arranged forward of the sliding belt, which consequently increases the surface that the machine occupies.
Radial-flow motors, for this type of machine, are in general utilised for reasons of power and inertia. In particular, as regards the inertia, it must be prevented that while a user is walking on the belt and accidentally switches the machine off, the belt itself blocks immediately, thus risking loss of balance for the user. On the other hand, it is advantageous to preserve a part of inertia in movement, so as to make more gradual the speed variation of the belt and so as gradually to enable the user to adapt to said changes.
In light of the above, the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved gymnastic machine with sliding belt having a smaller volume.
A further aim of the present invention is to provide a gymnastic machine with a sliding belt which requires fewer maintenance interventions.
It is therefore specific object of the present invention a gymnastic machine comprising a base structure having a front transmission assembly and a rear transmission assembly, wherein said base structure comprises two lateral longitudinal members between which a sliding belt slides, a sliding belt, associated to said base structure, on which a user can perform a gymnastic exercise, wherein said sliding belt is configured to rotate by means of said front transmission assembly and said rear transmission assembly according to a sliding direction, wherein said sliding belt is arranged between said two lateral longitudinal members and an electric motor, having at least a stator and at least a rotor, said electric motor being kinematically coupled to said front transmission assembly, or to said rear transmission assembly, for moving said sliding belt, said gymnastic machine being characterized in that said electric motor is of axial type.
Always according to the invention, said stator may be directly or indirectly fixed to one of said lateral longitudinal members.
Still according to the invention, said at least one stator may comprise a plurality of electric coils, and said electric motor may comprise a drive shaft rotatably coupled to said stator.
Further according to the invention, said electric motor may comprise a first rotor, provided with a plurality of permanent magnets, keyed to said drive shaft, and a second rotor, provided with a plurality of permanent magnets, keyed to said drive shaft.
Advantageously according to the invention, said rear transmission assembly may comprise a rear shaft, and said first rotor may be coupled to said rear shaft.
Always according to the invention, said first rotor and said second rotor may be keyed on said drive shaft and said stator may be arranged between said first rotor and second rotor.
Still according to the invention, said drive shaft may be coupled to said rear shaft by means of coupling elements or shape couplings.
Further according to the invention, said first rotor may comprise a hub for coupling between said rear shaft and said electric motor, and said second rotor may be keyed on said hub.
Advantageously according to the invention, said first rotor may be provided with a smooth portion and a toothed portion for coupling with said sliding belt.
Always according to the invention, said machine may comprise transmission means for transmission of the drive of said electric motor to said rear transmission assembly.
Still according to the invention, said rear transmission assembly may comprise a rear shaft, and said transmission means may comprise a transmission belt and a transmission pulley, solidly coupled to said rear shaft.
Further according to the invention, said lateral longitudinal member may have a vertical wall having an opening, and said electric motor may be installed at said opening, so as to enable passage of said drive shaft.
Advantageously according to the invention, said lateral member may comprise two supports arranged on the sides of said opening.
Always according to the invention, said electric motor may comprise a casing, having a first flange, for fixing said electric motor to said vertical wall of said lateral longitudinal member.
Still according to the invention, said machine may comprise a lateral adjustment second flange, for the adjustment of the position of said electric motor with respect to one of said supports.
Further according to the invention, said machine may comprise a rear portion of said electric motor is inserted through said opening afforded on said vertical wall of said lateral longitudinal member.
Advantageously said at least one rotor may have a greater mass in the perimeter portion, to increase the inertia.
The present invention is now described, by way of example and without limiting the scope of the invention, with particular reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
The similar parts will be indicated in the various drawings with the same numerical references.
With reference to
Said gymnastic machine 1 essentially comprises a base structure 2, having a frame 21, comprising a first 211 and a second end 212.
The frame 21 also comprises two lateral longitudinal members 27 and 28 that are parallel and between which a sliding belt 22 is mounted, according to a sliding direction indicated by the axis X, which goes from said first end 211 towards the second end 212, by means of the drive force provided by an electric motor 3.
The gymnastic machine 1 further comprises a rest structure 4, coupled to said base structure 2, used by the user as a rest during the carrying-out of the gymnastic exercises.
Said sliding belt 22, also known as a slat conveyor belt due to the conformation of the exercise surface, comprises a plurality of slats flanked one following another according to a transversal direction to the sliding direction X of said sliding belt 22 and hinged to one another.
Each of said slats of said sliding belt 22 is rested on and fixed to a first belt 25 and a second belt 26.
Said sliding belt 22 is moved by means of a front transmission assembly 23 arranged at said first end 211 of said frame 21, and a rear transmission assembly 24, arranged at said second end 212 of said frame 21.
In particular, said front transmission assembly 23 comprises a first front pulley 231 and a second front pulley 232 and a front shaft 233 to which said first front pulley 231 and second front pulley 232 are fixed.
Likewise, said rear transmission assembly 24 comprises a first rear shaft 241, and a second rear pulley 242 keyed to a rear shaft 243.
Said first rear pulley 241 has an external surface which has a smooth portion 241a and a toothed portion 241b.
Likewise, said second rear pulley 242 has an external surface which has a smooth portion 242a and a toothed portion 242b.
Said front transmission assembly 23 and rear transmission assembly 24 are connected to one another respectively by means of said first belt 25 and second belt 26.
In particular, said first belt 25 is coupled to said first front pulley 231 and first rear pulley 241, while said second belt 26 is coupled to said second front pulley 232 and second rear pulley 242.
Said first belt 25 comprises a smooth internal portion, which slides on said first front pulley 231 and on the smooth portion 241a of said first rear pulley 241, and an external toothed portion engaged on said toothed portion 241b of said first rear pulley 241.
Likewise said second belt 26 comprises a smooth internal portion, which slides on said second front pulley 232 and on the smooth portion 242a of said second rear pulley 242, and an external toothed portion engaged on the toothed portion 242b of said second rear pulley 242.
With reference in particular to
Alternatively, without forsaking the scope of protection of the present invention, said electric motor 3 can also be coupled to said front transmission assembly 23.
Said electric motor 3 is of axial or axial flow type. By axial electric motor is meant a motor the magnetic flow of which “flows” parallel to the axis di rotation of the rotor. In effect, in radial electric motors, the vector of the magnetic flow, obviously variable over time, is directed perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
Generally, from the structural point of view, the axial electric motors also comprise at least a fixed stator element and at least a rotor element which rotates with respect to the stator.
The electric coils are arranged and wound on the stator, while permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor.
In axial electric motors the magnetic field flow is directly parallel with respect to the axis of symmetry and rotation of the motor.
The surfaces useful for the generation of drive torque, i.e. the surfaces where the electric coils and permanent magnets are arranged, are perpendicular to the axis of the motor.
It is possible to provide different embodiments for an axial electric motor 3. In the particular embodiment described in the present invention, with reference to
Said stator 33, which has a central hole 331, is fixed to said frame 21, and in particular a lateral longitudinal member 27, as better described in the following, by means of fixing organs, and comprises a plurality of housings 33a, 33b, . . . , 33n for housing the electric coils.
With reference to
Without forsaking the scope of protection of the present invention, said plurality of permanent magnets can be arranged differently.
Said first rotor 31 said second rotor 32 and stator 33 are arranged superposed. Said first rotor 31 and second rotor 32 are further keyed to the drive shaft 34, for example by means of a forced coupling.
Said drive shaft 34 is rotatably coupled with said stator 33, for example by means of a bearing in correspondence with the central hole 331.
Said drive shaft 34 is coupled to said rear shaft 243 by means of shape couplings or by means of a torque joint 35 so that they are solidly constrained to one another.
When the electric coils of said stator 33 are powered, the electromagnetic field generated interacts with said plurality of permanent magnets 31a, 31b, . . . , 31n of said first rotor and with said plurality of permanent magnets 32a, 32b, . . . , 32n of said second rotor 32, generating prevalently axial lines of magnetic field, parallel to the axis of extension or longitudinal axis of said rear shaft 243, thus generating a drive torque which sets said first 31 and second rotor 32 in rotation, which in turn set said torque joint 35 and said rear shaft 243 in rotation.
With reference to
In particular, an end of said rear shaft 243 passes through said first rotor 31, stator 33 and second rotor 32, and is keyed to said first rotor 31 by hooking means such as a tab 243a which inserts in a grooved body 311 or hub, solidly constrained to said first rotor 31.
Said stator 33 is fixed to said frame 21 and in particular to one of said lateral longitudinal members 27 or 28, and is thus coupled to said hub 311, for example by means of a bearing, so that said hub 311 can rotate.
Said second rotor 32 is keyed on said hub 311 of the first rotor 31 so that, when said applied drive torque sets said first rotor 31 and second rotor 32 in rotation, the rotors rotate solidly with said hub 311 and said rear shaft 243.
Now with reference to
Said transmission pulley 37 is solidly coupled to said rear shaft 243.
Said transmission pulley 37 and axial electric motor 3 are connected to one another by said transmission belt 36.
In particular, the longitudinal member 27 has a vertical wall 271 and two walls 272 and 273 parallel and facing, arranged perpendicular to said vertical wall 271 and forming therewith a substantially C-shaped transversal section.
An opening 274 is afforded on the vertical wall 271, at which the electric motor 3 is arranged and inserted.
In particular, it can be seen the drive shaft 34 having a toothed part to be coupled with a corresponding toothing 244 of the rear shaft 241, by means of the transmission belt 36.
Both rotors 31 and 32 are splined to the drive shaft 34.
Further, said opening 274 is laterally delimited by two supports 275. As the longitudinal members 27 (or 28) are subjected to considerable mechanical stresses during the gymnastic exercises, the arrangement of the electric motor 3 internally of one thereof, for obtaining an overall space saving of the gymnastic machine 1, can cause weakening thereof. Therefore said two supports 275 enable increase the rigidity of the longitudinal member 27.
Further, the electric motor 3 is closed in a die-cast casing 38 made in two parts 38′ and 38″, also comprising a first flange 381, for fixing the electric motor 3 with screws and corresponding holes obtained on the vertical wall 271 of the respective longitudinal member 27, and a second adjustment lateral flange 382, for adjusting said electric motor 3 with one of said supports 275, for tensioning the transmission belt 36.
This configuration enables fixing the electric motor 3 to the longitudinal member 27. The die-cast casing 38 has a rear circular portion 383 that is cylindrical and has a shape substantially analogue to that of said opening 274 afforded on said vertical wall 271 of said longitudinal member 27.
The coupling modality of the die-cast casing 38 to the relative longitudinal member 27 by means of the first flange 381 has the function of supporting and stiffening the longitudinal member 27, together with the two supports 275.
As can be observed, owing to the smaller volumes of the electric motor 3, it is possible to realise an assembly housed internally of the footprint defined by the so-called “low part” which identifies the travel surface given by the sliding belt 22. In this way it is possible to do without the front hood, where the motor is usually housed.
In fact, to house the electric motor 3 on the flank, instead of in the front part of the gymnastic machine 1, it was necessary to interfere with the “structural continuity” of the lateral longitudinal member 27, by creating the opening 274 on the vertical wall 271, which is required to be rather large, in consideration of the width of the vertical wall 271.
The casing 38 of the electric motor 3 is conformed in such a way that, once fixed to the longitudinal member 27 by means of the flange 381 and respective four screws, the casing 38 “closes” the opening 274, restoring the torsional rigidity of the longitudinal member 27.
The dimensions of said opening 274 enable entering with said rear circular portion 383 in said opening 274, which is located between the longitudinal member 27 and the sliding belt 22.
The coupling of the electric motor 3 to the longitudinal member 27 by means of said casing 38 is called indirect coupling.
With this configuration it is possible to exploit said rear circular portion 383, which has a large diameter, in order to house inertial mass useful in reaching a desired inertia value, by realising thicker rotors and thus, with a given diameter, with greater inertia.
As regards the necessary inertia which must be guaranteed on the gymnastic machine 1 according to the invention, it is known that in order to have a safety stop in the case, for example, of a sudden power failure of the electric motor 3, as well as to make the belt speed variations more gradual, indicating with IR the inertia required by the gymnastic machine 1, with IM the inertia to the motor axis and with the transmission ratio between the electric motor 3 and the rear cylinder 241, the inertia that the rotors should have is obtained from the formula:
IM=IR/τ
2
The greater part of the motor inertia is given by the rotors 31 and 32. This is a novel element, as it enables eliminating any eventual second transmission stage necessary for driving only a flywheel, as with gymnastic machines according to the prior art.
Among other things, in order to maximise the inertia, the rotors 31 and 32 have shape such that the part with the greatest thickness is the part furthest from the axis of rotation. In other words, on the more perimetric portions of the rotors 31 and 32 (i.e. with larger diameters) more mass is distributed, to have greater inertia at the same weight (refer in particular to
Now with reference to
Said toothed rotor 31′ has a cogging 31′a, engaged to said belt 2, flanked to a smooth portion 31′b.
In said third embodiment, therefore, said second rear pulley 242, is replaced by said toothed rotor 31′.
For this third embodiment also, couplings are provided between said rear shaft 243 and said drive shaft 34, by means of a torque joint 35 or by extending said rear shaft 243 in said axial electric motor 3, thus providing said hub 311 and said tab 243a.
This configuration with the toothed rotor 31′ enables keeping the dimensions of the gymnastic machine 1 modest, including laterally.
The operation of the improved sliding belt gymnastic machine 1 described above is as follows.
When a user intends to carry out a gymnastic exercise to run or walk, he or she accedes to said gymnastic machine 1, by positioning on said sliding belt 22. On the basis of the type of exercise selected, the sliding belt 22 moves, driven by the axial electric motor 3 which sets the rear shaft 243 in rotation.
The rotation of said rear shaft 243 sets the front shaft 233 in rotation by means of said first belt 25 and second belt 26.
In the first embodiment of the gymnastic machine 1, the current flowing in the electric coils of the stator 33 induces a magnetic field which interacts with the plurality of permanent magnets 31a, 31b, . . . , 31n of said first rotor 31 and the plurality of permanent magnets 32a, 32b, . . . , 32n of said second rotor 32 which thus begin rotating.
In particular, when the electric coils of said stator 33 are powered, the electromagnetic field generated interacts with said plurality of permanent magnets 31a, 31b, . . . , 31n of said first rotor and with said plurality of permanent magnets 32a, 32b, . . . , 32n of said second rotor 32, creating prevalently axial lines of magnetic field, parallel to the axis of extension of said rear shaft 243, thus creating a drive torque which sets said first 31 and second rotor 32 in rotation.
When said first 31 and second 32 rotor rotate, they set said torque joint 35 in rotation, which in turn sets said rear shaft 243 in rotation.
In the coupling by means of said tab 243a, as described in the foregoing, the drive torque exerted sets the first rotor 31 and second rotor 32 in rotation, and the latter rotate solidly with said hub 311 and said rear shaft 243.
Consequently, also the first rear pulley 241 and second rear pulley 242 rotate, causing said first belt 25 and second belt 26 to slide, which transmit the drive to said front transmission assembly 23.
In the second embodiment of the gymnastic machine 1, the movement of said first rotor 31 and second rotor 32, caused by said drive torque, set the transmission pulley 37 in rotation by means of the transmission belt 36.
The rotation of said transmission pulley 37 causes the rotation of said rear shaft 243, which transmits the drive to the other elements as described for the first embodiment.
The functioning of the gymnastic machine 1 according to the third embodiment is alike to the functioning of the first embodiment.
The axial electric motor 3 with the structure described with reference to
For example, rotors 31 and 32 or at least one of them in
As is clear from the above description, said improved gymnastic machine with sliding belt comprises an axial electric motor which enables a reduction of the volume of the machine and lower wear.
The axial electric motor present in the machine object of the invention is characterised by high efficiency, even at low revolutions, providing high drive torques, so that it can be directly coupled to the rear shaft or the front shaft.
The axial electric motor enables obtaining high specific drive torque, even with smaller dimensions/volume as the active parts are located close to the external circumference and therefore distant from the rotation axis.
The present invention is described by way of example only, without limiting the scope of application, according to its preferred embodiments, but it shall be understood that the invention may be modified and/or adapted by experts in the field without thereby departing from the scope of the inventive concept, as defined in the claims herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102018000003111 | Feb 2018 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2019/050043 | 2/27/2019 | WO | 00 |
