Patent Application
20210095132
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to treatment of inorganic particulate materials with an antimicrobial agent, including the preparation of such materials and use thereof.
Inorganic particulate materials have long been treated with agents of various kinds, including anti-microbial agents. Such treatments have primarily been performed in a solution, such as an aqueous solution, in order to allow sufficient time for cation exchange. The solution method then requires removal of the solvent introduced with the solution from the inorganic particulate material. In particular, the treatment of inorganic particulate materials, such as kaolin, with an anti-microbial agent is typically performed by impregnating the inorganic particulate material with a solution containing the anti-microbial agent.
Thus, given the inefficiencies, added complexity and increased cost of solution based treatments of inorganic particulate materials, there is an incentive to discover and develop other methods for treating inorganic particulate materials.
The present disclosure includes a method of treating an inorganic particulate material with an antimicrobial agent, including: introducing a first feed including the inorganic particulate material and water to an air swept dryer; introducing a second feed including the antimicrobial agent to the air swept dryer; and at least partially drying the inorganic particulate material of the first feed in the presence of the antimicrobial agent of the second feed forming a treated inorganic particulate material, wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto and/or into the surface of the inorganic particulate material.
In a further aspect of the disclosure, the inorganic particulate material is a particulate phyllosilicate mineral.
In a further aspect of the disclosure, the antimicrobial agent can include a metal, or metal salt, selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, zinc and combinations thereof.
In a further aspect of the disclosure, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed is in the form of a powder having a median particle size by laser scattering D50 of less than about 5 microns.
In a further aspect of the disclosure, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed is in the form of lumps having an average aggregate size of about 1 to about 3 cm.
In a further aspect of the disclosure, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed is in the form of a spray dried material having an average aggregate size of about 50 to about 250 microns.
A further aspect of the disclosure includes a method of treating an inorganic particulate material with an antimicrobial agent, including: at least partially pulverizing and drying the inorganic particulate material having an average aggregate size of about 1 to about 3 centimeters in the presence of the antimicrobial agent, and in the presence of less than about 25 wt % water forming a treated inorganic particulate material; wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto the surface and/or into the pores of the treated inorganic particulate material.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate various exemplary aspects of the disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
Particular aspects of the present disclosure are described in greater detail below. The terms and definitions provided herein control, if in conflict with terms and/or definitions incorporated by reference.
In the Summary above and in the Detailed Description, and the claims below, and in the accompanying drawings, reference is made to particular features (including method steps) of the disclosure. It is understood that the present disclosure includes all possible combinations of such particular features. For example; where a particular feature is disclosed in the context of a particular aspect or embodiment, or a particular claim, that feature can also be used, to the extent possible in combination with and additionally or alternatively in the context of other particular aspects or embodiments of the disclosure and, in the disclosure generally.
As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, composition, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, composition, article, or apparatus. The term “exemplary” is used in the sense of “example” rather than “ideal.”
As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural reference unless the context dictates otherwise. The terms “approximately” and “about” refer to being nearly the same as a referenced number or value. As used herein, the terms “approximately” and “about” should be understood to encompass ±5% of a specified amount or value.
When a range is used herein as “ranging from (a first number)” to (a second number),” “between (a first number) and (a second number),” or “(a first number)-(a second number),” this refers to a range whose lower limit is the first number, and whose upper limit is the second number. As used herein, the term “at least” followed by a number denotes the start of a range beginning with that number, which may be a range having an upper limit or no upper limit depending on the variable term being defined. For example, “at least 1” includes 1 and more than 1.
Particle Size Distribution (PSD)
The particle size of powder is defined by laser diffraction. A parallel laser beam passes through a dispersed particulate sample suspended in air and the angular variation in intensity of the scattered light is measured. Small particles scatter light at large angles relative to the initial laser beam and large particles scatter light at smaller angles. The angular scattering intensity data is then analyzed using Fraunhofer light scattering theory to calculate the size of the particles. The median particle size is defined by the value D50, wherein 50 percent (by volume) of the particle population has a size below the D50 value. D50 is the median average spherical diameter of the particles.
The present disclosure includes processes and systems for treating inorganic particulate materials with an anti-microbial agent and comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of: i) introducing a first feed comprising the inorganic particulate material and water to an air swept dryer; ii) introducing a second feed comprising the antimicrobial agent to the air swept dryer; and iii) at least partially drying the inorganic particulate material of the first feed in the presence of the antimicrobial agent of the second feed forming a treated inorganic particulate material, wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto and/or into the surface of the treated inorganic particulate material. The second feed can be an aqueous feed or a dry feed.
In accordance with an embodiment, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed can be in the form of a powder having a median particle size as a dry suspension by light scattering (hereinafter referred to as “D50”) of less than about 5 or less than about 4 or less than about 3, or less than about 2 or less than about 1 microns. In accordance with this embodiment, the at least partial drying the inorganic particulate material of the first feed in the presence of the antimicrobial agent of the second feed is in the presence of water in the range of from about 0.1 to about 10 or about 1 to about 8 or about 3 to about 7 wt % water.
In accordance with an embodiment, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed can be in the form of a spray dried material having an average aggregate size of about 50 to about 250, or about 70 to about 230, or about 100 to about 200 microns. In accordance with this embodiment, the at least partial drying the inorganic particulate material of the first feed in the presence of the antimicrobial agent of the second feed is in the presence of water in the range of from about 0.2 to about 15 or about 1 to about 11 or about 3 to about 10 wt % water.
In accordance with an embodiment, the inorganic particulate material introduced in the first feed can be in the form of lumps having an average aggregate size of about 1 to about 3 cm, or of about 1.2 to about 2.7 cm, or of about 1.5 to about 2.5 cm. The inorganic particulate material can be at least partially pulverized in the air swept dryer forming the treated inorganic particulate material in the form of powder with a D50 of less than about 5 or less than about 4 or less than about 3 or less than about 2 microns. In accordance with this embodiment, the at least partial drying the inorganic particulate material of the first feed in the presence of the antimicrobial agent of the second feed is in the presence of water in the range of from about 5 to about 25 or about 10 to about 23 or about 13 to about 20 wt % water.
In accordance with an embodiment, the first feed can contain from about 0.1 to about 20 wt % water. For inorganic particulate materials in the form of a powder as described herein, the first feed can contain from about 0.1 to about 2, or about 0.3 to about 1.5 or about 0.5 to about 1 wt % water. For inorganic particulate materials in the form of a spray dried material as described herein, the first feed can contain from about 0.1 to about 5, or about 0.2 to about 3 or about 0.3 to about 2 wt % water. For inorganic particulate materials in the form of lumps as described herein, the first feed can contain from about 5 to about 20, or about 7 to about 18 or about 8 to about 15 wt % water.
In accordance with an embodiment, a method of treating an inorganic particulate material with an antimicrobial agent, comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of: i) at least partially pulverizing and drying the inorganic particulate material having a median particle size by laser scattering D50 of less than about 5 or less than about 4 or less than about 3, or less than about 2 or less than about 1 microns in the presence of the antimicrobial agent, and in the presence of about 0.1 to about 10 or about 1 to about 8 or about 3 to about 7 wt % water forming a treated inorganic particulate material; wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto the surface and/or into the pores of the treated inorganic particulate material.
In accordance with an embodiment, a method of treating an inorganic particulate material with an antimicrobial agent, comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of: i) at least partially pulverizing and drying the inorganic particulate material having an average aggregate size of about 50 to about 250, or about 70 to about 230, or about 100 to about 200 microns in the presence of the antimicrobial agent, and in the presence of from about 0.2 to about 15 or about 1 to about 11 or about 3 to about 10 wt % water forming a treated inorganic particulate material; wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto the surface and/or into the pores of the treated inorganic particulate material.
In accordance with an embodiment, a method of treating an inorganic particulate material with an antimicrobial agent, comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of: i) at least partially pulverizing and drying the inorganic particulate material having an average aggregate size of about 1 to about 3, or about 1.2 to about 2.7 cm, or about 1.5 to about 2.5 cm in the presence of the antimicrobial agent, and in the presence of less than about 25 or 23 or 20 wt % water forming a treated inorganic particulate material; wherein at least a portion of the antimicrobial agent is exchanged onto the surface and/or into the pores of the treated inorganic particulate material.
In accordance with an embodiment, the first and second feeds can be combined prior to introduction to the air swept dryer.
With reference to
With reference to
In accordance with the embodiments disclosed in the instant application, the inorganic particulate material can be a particulate phyllosilicate mineral. The particulate phyllosilicate mineral can be selected from the group consisting of kaolin, talc, mica, bentonite, and combinations thereof.
In accordance with the embodiments disclosed in the instant application, the antimicrobial agent comprises a metal or metal salt selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, zinc and combinations thereof. The antimicrobial agent can comprise silver nitrate.
In accordance with an embodiment, the treated inorganic particulate material can comprise less than about 2 wt % or less than 1 wt % or less than 0.5 wt % water, and at least about 10 microgram/gram (μg/g) or at least about 100 μg/g or at least about 0.1 wt % or at least about 0.5 wt % or at least about 0.8 wt % or at least about 1 wt % of the antimicrobial agent.
In accordance with an embodiment, the outlet temperature from the air swept dryer can be in the range of from about 50 to about 200° C., or about 60 to about 150° C., or about 80 to about 130° C.
In accordance with an embodiment, the antimicrobial agent can be added to the inorganic particulate material during the pulverizing and drying.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present disclosure without, however, being limiting in nature. It is understood that the present disclosure encompasses additional aspects and embodiments consistent with the foregoing description and following examples.
A kaolin feed having 8.5% moisture and a D50 of 1.5 μm was used in the following trials as described in Table 1. The kaolin feed was charged to an air swept dryer (which was an Atritor cell-mill model CM250) at a rate of 125 kg/hr at an inlet temperature of 180° C. along with a combustion gas. A silver nitrate solution was then added into the air-swept dryer and mixed along with the kaolin. The kaolin and solution were pulverized within a few seconds inside the air swept drier (110 in
The addition of an increasing volume of AgNO3 solution did not influence the final moisture that was at −0.6 wt % for each of the runs, and did not influence the exchange of silver into the kaolin as the concentrations and leaching were similar for 20, 40, and 101 mL of solution injected per minute for a concentration of 200 μg/g,
The antibacterial efficiency of the treated kaolin was tested in a matt paint reference formulation for in-can stability at different levels. Seven different paints were made and tested for their stability against bacteria. Paints A-C were controls: A and B containing biocides whereas C did not contain any biocides. Paints D-G contained silver treated kaolins A, C, D, E from Table 1 according to the invention.
A test of sterility was made prior to the in-can challenge test to make sure that none of the Paints A-G were contaminated prior to testing. The test consisted of placing 0.1 g (equal to around 0.1 ml) of the Paints A-G on the following culture media:
Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) for bacterial counts (incubation: 5 days at 30° C.±2° C.)
Malt Extract+Chloramphenicol agar, selective medium for yeast and mould counts (incubation: 5 days at 23° C.±2° C.).
The microbial counts are expressed in “colony forming units” per gram or per milliliter of product (CFU/g or CFU/ml) and 10 CFU/g is the detection limit. All samples were below 10 CFU/g.
An in-can test was performed in order to test the antibacterial properties of the treated kaolin in paint. This test follows the method for evaluating the resistance of water-based paints to bacterial growth in the wet-state developed by the international bio-deterioration research group (IBRG). For this test, samples were stored at ambient temperature for the duration of the test. Five (5) inoculations were performed once a week over six (6) weeks: 1 ml of the inoculum was added to 50 g of paint. The inoculum was composed of the described microorganism in Table 2.
Alcaligenes faecalis
Burkholderia cepacia
Enterobacter aerogenes
Proteus hauseri
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Pseudomonas putida
Candida lipolytica
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Aspergillus brasiliensis
Penicillium ochrochloron
To assess contamination following each inoculation, a 0.1 ml amount of the sample was surface-plated in triplicate on the following culture media:
The results are summarized in Table 3 below.
1Acticide MBS biocide
2Rocima 350 fungicide
Embodiments of the present disclosure may be as defined in the following numbered paragraphs:
It is intended that the specification and examples therein be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17275198.4 | Dec 2017 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/086721 | 12/21/2018 | WO | 00 |
