Patent Application
20130087429
The invention relates to a treatment machine for containers, e.g. bottles, cans or the like, comprising at least one drive unit and a manipulation unit for the containers which is connected to the drive unit, wherein at least the drive unit is equipped with a hollow bore.
A treatment machine for containers means any machine which is suitable for treating containers, that is to say for example for filling one or more containers with a desired content in the context of a filling machine, for cleaning the containers in the context of a cleaning machine, for applying labels as in the case of a labelling machine, etc. In the context of the generic teaching according to WO 2008/145363 A1, use is made of a special drive unit which is configured for example as a reluctance motor. As a result, the aforementioned hollow bore is available in the interior of the drive unit, which hollow bore in the generic teaching is used for coupling to a drive shaft. The drive shaft as such serves for transmitting rotary movements of the drive unit to the manipulation unit.
The manipulation unit may be for example a starwheel for receiving and storing containers on the circumference thereof for the purpose of filling or cleaning said containers, applying labels thereto, etc. A screw shaft which is used to apply a screw cap to the top of a bottle to be closed can also be referred to as a manipulation unit. A manipulation unit therefore encompasses any unit by means of which the container to be processed is held, gripped, cleaned, printed or otherwise manipulated.
The measures in the generic prior art according to WO 2008/145363 A1 have proven to be successful in principle. However, there is still a need to make the structure of known treatment machines smaller. Associated with this is the further need to satisfy hygiene requirements to the greatest possible extent. In fact, the container treatment machines in question need to be cleaned regularly. This requires a compact exterior as well as smooth surfaces in order to counteract any build-up of dirt and mould. The previous approaches in the prior art are not entirely convincing in this regard and leave room for further improvement. This is where the invention comes into play.
The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a treatment machine for containers so that a particularly compact and easy-to-clean structure is provided.
In order to solve this technical problem, a generic treatment machine for containers is characterised in the context of the invention in that the hollow bore is designed to accommodate machine-specific subassemblies and/or machine-specific lines.
The invention therefore proceeds firstly from a special drive unit which is equipped with said hollow bore. This is advantageously achieved with a special electric motor, namely a reluctance motor, which in the context of the invention usually forms the centrepiece of the drive unit. In actual fact, a reluctance motor is a special type of electric motor in which the rotor is usually made from a soft-magnetic material, e.g. iron, and the stator contains the solenoid. Since the rotor is not equipped with permanent magnets and does not have current flowing through it, it can advantageously be provided with the described hollow bore. In contrast, the stator is designed to be stationary.
In this way, the configuration can be such that the hollow bore is formed in a rotating hollow shaft, which in turn is usually held in the rotor so as to rotate therewith. As an alternative and according to one particularly advantageous embodiment, the hollow shaft is designed to be stationary and is connected to a likewise stationary drive housing via a carrier for example. Furthermore, the hollow bore is usually located centrally in relation to the drive unit. The drive unit as such is usually rotationally symmetrical, wherein the hollow bore comes to lie with its centre on the axis of rotation. Moreover, the hollow bore is usually configured in such a way that it passes through both the drive unit and the manipulation unit. In principle, however, the hollow bore may also pass through only the drive unit and may open into the manipulation unit. Furthermore, the drive unit and/or the manipulation unit usually surrounds the hollow bore and, with it, the hollow shaft.
Due to the outlined design of the drive unit with the stator and rotor, the configuration is usually such that the rotor is connected to the manipulation unit (so as to rotate therewith). This can generally and usually be brought about in such a way that the hollow bore is formed in the rotating hollow shaft, which in turn is respectively connected to the manipulation unit and the rotor.
In this case, the rotor is usually located inside the stator or is enclosed by the stator. The rotor in turn encloses the hollow shaft, which defines the hollow bore in the interior. That is to say that the stator, the rotor and the hollow shaft defining the hollow bore are usually arranged concentrically in relation to the common axis of rotation, relative to which the drive unit and, with it, the hollow shaft including the hollow bore enclosed by the hollow shaft are rotationally symmetrical.
As already explained, the hollow shaft is usually connected to the manipulation unit if the hollow shaft itself rotates. In this case, the manipulation unit is usually connected to the hollow shaft so as to rotate therewith. As an alternative to this, however, the manipulation unit may also be connected directly to the rotor of the drive unit. In both cases, an intermediate transmission may be provided which works on the manipulation unit.
In general, however, the drive unit acts directly on the manipulation unit. That is to say that the drive unit acts as a direct drive for the manipulation unit. This takes place only with the optional interposition of the hollow shaft. In this case, the hollow shaft establishes the desired connection between on the one hand the rotor of the drive unit and on the other hand the manipulation unit.
As already explained, treatment machines for containers need to be cleaned regularly and themselves act as cleaning machines for the containers in question. In any case, this is a question of an easy-to-clean surface and at the same time a compact structure. This is achieved with particular advantage in the case where the manipulation unit is sealed off relative to a drive housing which accommodates the drive unit. Usually an internal sealing takes place. Such a sealing takes account of the fact that the drive housing is mostly designed to be stationary, while the manipulation unit carries out a movement, usually a rotary movement, relative to the stationary drive housing. In order to achieve rotational sealing at this point, the manipulation unit is usually rotatably mounted on a lid of the drive housing.
In this case, the configuration will usually be such that the lid is equipped with a raised edge. This raised edge on the lid of the drive housing generally engages in an annular groove in the manipulation unit. This annular groove is consequently located in the interior of the manipulation unit, wherein a sealing is additionally ensured at this point. The sealing thus takes place in the interior of the manipulation unit relative to the raised edge of the lid of the drive housing. As a result, a particularly effective sealing on the one hand of the drive housing and on the other hand of the manipulation unit is provided.
In order to toughen up the mounting, the raised edge is advantageously equipped with a wear ring. Together with the raised edge on the lid of the drive housing, this wear ring generally substantially fills the annular groove. In this case, the wear ring generally faces towards a wall of the annular groove and therefore absorbs primarily the friction relative to the stationary lid with the raised edge, said friction being associated with rotary movements of the manipulation unit. Furthermore, advantageously at least one seal, generally a radial shaft seal, is usually provided between the wear ring in question and the manipulation unit. In addition, the wear ring is sealed off by a further seal relative to the raised edge on the lid of the drive housing.
As already explained, the hollow bore in the context of the invention is advantageously used as an accommodation space or accommodation area for machine-specific subassemblies and/or machine-specific lines. The machine-specific subassemblies are for example, without limitation, mechanical drive elements, sensors, etc. as necessary constituents of the machine. In fact there can be received in the hollow bore for example mechanical drive elements such as cams, transmissions, gearwheel arrangements, etc., by means of which for example an additional movement can be applied for example to bottles carried by the manipulation unit. In fact these mechanical drive elements are able for example additionally to swivel, to rotate, to lift, etc. a bottle guided in a circle by the manipulation unit.
Furthermore, the machine-specific subassemblies advantageously accommodated in the hollow bore are sensors, such as for example light barriers, rotational speed sensors, etc., by means of which the position, rotational speed, etc. of the manipulation unit can be determined These may also include initiators, such as for example switches, locators, etc., by means of which certain machine-specific actions can be controlled and started. For example, it is conceivable to use the rotation angle position of the manipulation unit to start and to stop a process of filling bottles guided in revolution by the manipulation unit.
In addition, further machine-specific subassemblies such as cantilever arms, flanges, additional motors, etc. can be introduced or placed into the hollow bore in order to toughen up the treatment machine in question for its ultimately desired intended purpose.
Quite apart from this, the hollow bore may alternatively or additionally be designed to accommodate machine-specific lines, that is to say lines which are required for operation of the machine.
These lines may be supply lines for media, electricity, data, etc. In actual fact, an embodiment in which a supply line for media, for example filling media, cleaning media, etc., is passed through the hollow bore has proven to be particularly advantageous. In addition, however, data may also be exchanged via the supply line in question, or the supply line is suitable for supplying electrical power to drives located for example on or at the manipulation unit.
All of these supply lines and/or machine-specific subassemblies can advantageously be placed inside the hollow bore because the hollow bore or the space defined by the hollow bore is designed to be stationary and is generally located centrally in the drive housing. Furthermore, the hollow bore usually passes through the drive housing from the bottom to the top. This is moreover not changed by the fact that the hollow bore in question is formed in the rotating hollow shaft.
In any case, the hollow bore is particularly advantageously suitable for accommodating the supply lines described above which are per se stationary, as well as for accommodating and storing machine-specific subassemblies as described which are likewise usually stationary. As a result, the hollow bore is in practice provided as an additional accommodation space inside the drive housing and is therefore provided in a protected manner. Machine-specific subassemblies as well as lines and supply lines located within the hollow bore are thus expressly not exposed to any dirt.
As a result, a particularly compact structure is provided and at the same time a design with little indentation is achieved. This is particularly important from the hygiene point of view and also taking account of the fact that such treatment machines must be cleaned frequently. In other words, there is provided in the context of the invention a special design of a treatment machine or transport machine for containers which is characterised by a particularly compact structure and has a special hygienic design. In any case, in practice all of the lines previously guided outside the drive housing and all of the machine-specific subassemblies previously placed outside can in practice be stored inside the drive housing and can therefore be protected. As a result, the machine-specific subassemblies and lines in question are accommodated in a manner surrounded by the drive housing, which not only promotes a compact structure but also and in particular considerably facilitates the cleaning of the treatment machine configured in this way.
As a further advantage, mention must be made of the fact that any cleaning nozzles can be placed in a manner proceeding directly and centrally from the hollow bore. This facilitates the attachment and positioning of said nozzles because the bottles to be treated are also moved relative to the centre with the hollow bore present there. The drive unit in question can in this connection be used as a bottle transfer frame, by means of which for example the bottles can be transported or moved in revolution on starwheels. Moreover, as a result of this configuration, further subassemblies such as heating containers for example can be accommodated inside the drive housing. Such a heating container serves for example to heat for cleaning purposes water that is fed via the supply line. In addition, via suitably configured lines or supply lines, it is also possible to feed gases for treating the bottles. Said gases include for example nitrogen which is filled into the bottles in order to drive out oxygen located therein. Supply lines placed in the hollow bore can also be used to feed carbon dioxide in order inter alia to achieve a carbonation of beverages.
Quite apart from this, the compact design of the treatment machine according to the invention promotes the accessibility of the manipulation unit, which may be configured for example as a starwheel. In any case, there are no longer any protruding and externally attached supply lines or subassemblies to create any disruption at this point, since in the context of the invention these are accommodated by the centrally provided hollow bore. The main advantages can be seen in this.
According to one advantageous embodiment, the hollow bore, as already described, can be designed to accommodate a supply line for media to be bottled. The treatment machine is then generally a filling machine. As an alternative or in addition, however, the hollow bore may also serve for accommodating one or more supply lines for cleaning fluid or general cleaning media. In this case, the treatment machine is configured as a cleaning machine. Finally, the invention also relates to a method for operating a treatment machine for containers, as presented in the context of claim 15.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which shows just one example of embodiment. In the drawing:
The figures show a treatment machine for containers 1. In the example of embodiment, the containers 1 to be treated are bottles, for example PET bottles 1. However, this is of course not limiting and serves merely by way of example. The treatment of the containers 1 that is to be carried out primarily provides for a cleaning of the treatment machine and/or containers 1 in question. In this case, therefore, the machine can be referred to in particular as a filling machine or as a so-called rinser. The invention is of course not limited to this, as already explained in the introduction.
The treatment machine in question is equipped with at least one drive unit 2, 3 which can best be seen in
The drive unit 2, 3 has a hollow bore 5. In actual fact, in the context of the example of embodiment, the hollow bore 5 is formed in a stationary hollow shaft 6. In principle, however, the hollow shaft 6 may also rotate. In the example of embodiment, and as seen in
As already described in the introduction, the stator 2 is designed to be stationary and in the example is connected to the drive housing 7. The latter is stationary like the stator 2. In contrast, the rotor 3 carries out the described rotations around the axis of rotation R. Because the manipulation unit is connected to the rotor 3 (so as to rotate therewith), it is likewise set in rotation together with the rotor 3. It can be seen that essentially the drive housing 7, the stator 2, the rotor 3 and also the hollow shaft 6 are rotationally symmetrical, namely in relation to the common axis of rotation R. Furthermore, the drive housing 7, the stator 2, the rotor 3 and also the hollow shaft 6 are concentric in relation to the axis of rotation R in question. At least the stator 2, the rotor 3 and the hollow shaft 6 are concentric in relation to the axis of rotation R because the drive housing 7 is not or need not necessarily be rotationally symmetrical.
Since the drive unit 2, 3 is configured as a reluctance motor, the hollow bore 5 can be defined centrally in the drive unit 2, 3 and the hollow shaft 6 can also be accommodated at this point. As a result, the hollow bore 5 according to the invention is provided inside the hollow shaft 6 in order to be able to accommodate machine-specific subassemblies and/or lines 8. The machine-specific subassemblies inside the hollow bore 5 may be mechanical drive elements, sensors, etc. In the context of the illustrated examples, only machine-specific lines or supply lines 8 are accommodated in the hollow bore 5. In the context of the example, the respective supply line 8 is a supply line 8 for media and in this case particularly for cleaning media. In principle, however, lines in the form of supply lines for electricity, for data exchange, etc. may also be arranged inside the hollow bore 5. However, this is not shown in detail.
It can be seen that in the context of the illustrated examples the hollow bore 5 passes through both the drive unit 2, 3 and also the manipulation unit 4. In the example shown in
The drive unit 2, 3 in each case encircles the hollow bore 5 and thus also the hollow shaft 6 defining the hollow bore 5. Furthermore, the hollow bore 5 is configured centrally in relation to the rotationally symmetrical drive unit 2, 3. As already explained, the rotor 3 is set in rotation by a revolving electromagnetic field generated by the stator 2. The rotor 3 can be coupled to the hollow shaft 6 so as to rotate therewith, said hollow shaft likewise rotating in such a case. In general, however, the hollow shaft 6 is designed to be stationary and the rotor 3 is connected to the manipulation unit 4, usually being coupled in such a way as to rotate with the latter. As a result, the manipulation unit 4 is acted upon directly by the drive unit 2, 3.
With reference to the enlarged views shown in
The sealing of the manipulation unit 4 relative to the drive housing 7 or the lid 7′ of the drive housing 7 which holds the manipulation unit 4 is then achieved in that the lid 7′ engages with the raised edge 10 in an annular groove 11 in the manipulation unit 4. To this end, the raised edge 10 is equipped with a wear ring 12. The wear ring 12 externally surrounds the raised edge 10 and almost completely fills an intermediate space between the raised edge 10 and an inner face of the annular groove 11. Rotations of the manipulation unit 4 around the axis of rotation R are therefore primarily absorbed by the wear ring 12 in question.
An O-ring seal 13 in the edge 10 ensures that the wear ring 12 is sealed off relative to the raised edge 10. To this end, the O-ring seal 13 is arranged in a manner sunk into the raised edge 10, approximately centrally in relation to the wear ring 12. A further seal 14 is provided opposite this O-ring seal 13. That is to say that the wear ring 12 is held sealingly between the seal or O-ring seal 13 on the one hand and the further seal 14 on the other hand. The seal 14 is a radial shaft seal which, like the O-ring 13, is on the whole rotationally symmetrical in relation to the axis of rotation R. The seal 14 is held in a receiving space which radially widens the annular groove 11.
In addition, a capillary barrier 15 is provided at the edge of the manipulation unit 4. In conjunction with said seals 13, 14, the capillary barrier 15 ensures that no fluid, for example cleaning fluid, can enter the interior of the drive housing 7 via the intermediate space between the lid 7′ and the underside of the manipulation unit 4.
In addition, the drive housing 7 is equipped with one or more centring rings 16 around the circumference. These circumferential centring rings 16 ensure that the lid 7′ is received and held centrally in relation to the axis of rotation R at the top of the otherwise pot-shaped drive housing 7. An additional further seal 17 in the region of a top flange of the drive housing 7 on the one hand and a flange of the lid 7′ on the other hand ensures the necessary sealing at this point.
In any case, the supply line 8 for cleaning media is accommodated in the example inside the hollow bore 5 and can on the whole be configured in a stationary manner. As a result, branches 19 from the supply line 8 in question can be formed without any problem, which branches can be used to spray the bottles 1 and/or individual constituents of the treatment machine. This can be seen in particular in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2010 027 337.6 | Jul 2010 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP11/02490 | 5/18/2011 | WO | 00 | 12/14/2012 |
