Tubular handling system

Abstract

A system for facilitating the connection of a first tubular to a second tubular used in the oil and gas exploration and extraction industries includes a tubular handling device having a body having a profile shaped to accept a first tubular into a throat area and opposing scissor plates with overlapping tips. The system further includes a tubular engagement apparatus to engage and raise a tubular to a vertical position, and a spider apparatus including a plurality of slip assemblies. The slip assemblies include a slip back with an inclined load bearing surface, and a slip with a load bearing surface in sliding abutment with the inclined load bearing surface of the slip back.

Description

FIELD

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a system for facilitating the connection of tubulars used in the oil and gas exploration and extraction industries.

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY

In the construction of oil or gas wells it is usually necessary to line the wellbore with a string of steel pipes commonly known as a “tubular” or tubing or generically as oil country tubular goods (“OCTG”). Because of the length of the tubular string required, individual sections of tubular are typically progressively added to the string in the wellbore as it is lowered into a well from a drilling rig or platform. The section to be added is restrained from falling in to the well by some tubular engagement means, typically a spider, and is lowered into the well to position the threaded pin of the tubular adjacent the threaded box of the tubular in the wellbore. The sections are then joined by relative rotation of the sections until such time as the desired total length has been achieved.

In one aspect, embodiments disclosed herein relate to a system for facilitating the connection of a first tubular to a second tubular used in the oil and gas exploration and extraction industries. The system includes a tubular handling device having a body having a profile shaped to accept a first tubular into a throat area and opposing scissor plates with overlapping tips, whereby each scissor plate rotates about a fixed axis and is actuated to open and close around the first tubular. The system further includes a tubular engagement apparatus having a first member comprising a plurality of indentations disposed in a surface of the first member, each indentation comprising an inclined surface relative to a longitudinal axis of the first member, a second member concentrically disposed relative to the first member, the second member comprising a plurality of openings, and a plurality of non-spherical rolling supports, each support disposed within an indentation of the first member, and each rolling support corresponding to an opening in the second member, wherein movement of the second member relative to the first member urges the rolling supports along the inclined surfaces of indentations of the first member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein,

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a drilling or workover rig;

FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate embodiments of a tubular engagement apparatus;

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of a tubular handling device;

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a tubular engagement apparatus and a tubular handling device; and

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a spider apparatus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a system for facilitating the connection of tubulars used in the oil and gas exploration and extraction industries. The system may include one or more combinations of a tubular engagement apparatus, a tubular handling apparatus, and a flush mounted spider apparatus. Other embodiments may also include a fluid safety valve coupled to the tubular engagement apparatus. A fluid safety valve has been described by, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/326,061, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a drilling or workover rig 100. The rig includes a top drive 110, a tubular engagement apparatus 200, a tubular handling apparatus 300, and a spider apparatus 400 mounted in the rig floor 105. The tubular handling device 300 may be used as an elevator to latch onto tubular T from a V-door 115 to allow the tubular to be raised to a vertical position. The tubular handling device 300 may be attached to link arms 120, which may be manipulated to pivot via hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 125. Shock dampening cylinders 130 are configured to maintain the tubular handling device 300 in a substantially perpendicular position in relation to the link arms 120 while providing a degree of flexibility. As the tubular handling device latches onto the tubular, it must be allowed to become perpendicular with the tubular for proper engagement. Thus the tubular handling device may not be always be exactly perpendicular to the link tilts for brief periods of time surrounding the actual latching. As the tubular is being lifted, the shock dampening cylinders 130 are configured to urge the tubular handling device 300 back to its original perpendicular orientation. FIG. 4 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a tubular engagement apparatus 200 and tubular handling device 300, and link arms 120 therebetween.

FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate embodiments of a tubular engagement apparatus 200 comprising a first member 202 having a plurality of ramped or inclined surfaces 204, a second member 206 having a plurality of openings 208, and a plurality of non-spherical rolling supports 210 mounted upon and aligned with respective inclined surfaces 204 of the first member 202. The rolling supports 210 may be constrained by the second member 206 while allowing the rolling supports 210 to travel up or down the ramped or inclined surfaces 204. The tubular engagement apparatus shown in FIG. 2A may be configured to grip the internal surface of a tubular and the tubular engagement apparatus shown in FIG. 2B may be configured to grip the external surface of a tubular. A tubular engagement apparatus has been described by, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/980,769, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a tubular handling device 300. The tubular handling device 300 includes two scissor plates 302 that rotate about an axis through hole 303. Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 304 provides the force necessary to open and close the scissor plates 302 about a tubular. Pad eyes 306 provide a means to connect the tubular handling device to the link arms 120 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 4), or equivalent bail arms, or cables, etc. depending upon the application it is to be used in. Pad eyes 308 provide a means to connect the tubular handling device 300 to the shock dampening cylinders 130 (FIG. 1) when used as an elevator. Safety latch mechanism 310 provides a means to insure that the scissor plates do not open or release a tubular unintentionally in the case of hydraulic or pneumatic failure. Die blocks 312 may be included and held in place via die retainers (not shown for clarity) onto the scissor plates 302. A tubular handling device or “THD” has been described by, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/636,505, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

FIG. 5 illustrates a cross section view of an embodiment of a gripping apparatus 400. The gripping apparatus 400 may be used as a flush mounted spider to operate in a rig floor 105 (FIG. 1). Slips 402 are in sliding engagement with slip backs 404. Die inserts 406 may be attached to slips 402. Double acting hydraulic cylinders 412 are disposed in a cavity formed between slips 402 and slip backs 404. The hydraulic cylinders 412 may be threadedly connected to a lower surface of slips 402. The upper portion of the hydraulic piston 410 is the largest area of the piston, thus providing a maximum force in a downward direction for a given applied pressure. This provides a greater force to stroke the hydraulic cylinder to latch and grip a tubular than the force to release the grip on a tubular and retract the cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder rod 412 protrudes through a bore in the lower portion of the cylinder. The slip backs 404 contain a cavity 408 to allow pressure conduits access to the retract port of the hydraulic cylinders. A tubular T is disposed in the opening of the gripping apparatus along the central axis. A spider apparatus has been described by, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/636,541, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

The claimed subject matter is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments described herein. Indeed, various modifications of the invention in addition to those described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for facilitating the connection of a first tubular to a second tubular used in the oil and gas exploration and extraction industries, the system comprising: a tubular handling device comprising: a body having a profile shaped to accept a first tubular into a throat area; andopposing scissor plates with overlapping tips, whereby each scissor plate rotates about a fixed axis and is actuated to open and close around the first tubular;a tubular engagement apparatus comprising: a first member comprising a plurality of indentations disposed in a surface of the first member, each indentation comprising an inclined surface relative to a longitudinal axis of the first member;a second member concentrically disposed relative to the first member, the second member comprising a plurality of openings; anda plurality of non-spherical rolling supports, each support disposed within an indentation of the first member, and each rolling support corresponding to an opening in the second member, wherein movement of the second member relative to the first member urges the rolling supports along the inclined surfaces of indentations of the first member;wherein the tubular handling device and the tubular engagement apparatus are operably connected so that the tubular handling device engages and retrieves the first tubular from a V-door to raise the first tubular to a vertical position, and wherein once in the vertical position, the tubular engagement apparatus engages an interior surface or an exterior surface of the first tubular; anda spider apparatus comprising a plurality of slip assemblies evenly distributed about a central axis, wherein each slip assembly comprises a slip back with an inclined load bearing surface, a slip with a load bearing surface in sliding abutment with the inclined load bearing surface of the slip back, one or more die inserts with gripping surfaces, and a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder;wherein the slips and slip backs have cavities that together form a cylindrical cavity in the slip assembly between the slips and slip backs and the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders are mounted in the cylindrical cavity to be in axial alignment with the movement of the slip as the slips travel up or down the inclined surfaces of the slip backs.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the tubular engagement apparatus further comprises rolling supports having a curved profile outermost surface.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tubular engagement apparatus non-spherical rolling supports are configured to engage an interior surface or an exterior surface of the first tubular.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tubular handling device further comprises: a die block secured to each die retainer, wherein each die block is configured to be readily replaced to accommodate a range of tubular outside diameters or profiles.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more link arms attached to the tubular handling device and configured to be manipulated to pivot via cylinders.

6. The system of claim 5, further comprising one or more shock dampening cylinders connected between the tubular handling device and the one or more link arms, wherein the shock dampening cylinders are configured to maintain the tubular handling device in a substantially perpendicular position relative to the link arms.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the spider apparatus supports a second tubular in a substantially vertical position.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the first tubular manipulated by the tubular engagement apparatus is aligned with the second tubular supported by the spider apparatus, and the first tubular and the second tubular are connected.