Patent Application
20190178101
The application relates generally to turbine shrouds and, more particularly, to turbine shroud cooling.
Turbine shroud segments are exposed to hot gases and, thus, require cooling. Cooling air is typically bled off from the compressor section, thereby reducing the amount of energy that can be used for the primary purposed of proving trust. It is thus desirable to minimize the amount of air bleed of from other systems to perform cooling. Various methods of cooling the turbine shroud segments are currently in use and include impingement cooling through a baffle plate, convection cooling through long EDM holes and film cooling.
Although each of these methods have proven adequate in most situations, advancements in gas turbine engines have resulted in increased temperatures and more extreme operating conditions for those parts exposed to the hot gas flow.
In one aspect, there is provided a turbine shroud segment for a gas turbine engine having an annular gas path extending about an engine axis; the turbine shroud segment comprising: a body having a radially outer surface and a radially inner surface extending axially between a leading edge and a trailing edge and circumferentially between a first and a second lateral edge; a first serpentine channel disposed axially along the first lateral edge; and a second serpentine channel disposed axially along the second lateral edge, the first serpentine channel and the second serpentine channel each defining a tortuous path including axially extending passages between a front inlet proximate the leading edge and a rear outlet at the trailing edge of the body.
In another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a turbine shroud segment having an arcuate body extending axially between a leading edge and a trailing edge and circumferentially between a first lateral edge and a second lateral edge; the method comprising: casting the arcuate body over a sacrificial core to form first and second axial serpentine channels respectively along the first and second lateral edges; the first and second axial serpentine channels being embedded in the arcuate body and bounded by opposed radially inner and radially outer surfaces of the cast arcuate body, the first and second serpentine channels having inlets disposed at a front end of the arcuate body proximate the leading edge thereof and outlets at the trailing edge.
Reference is now made to the accompanying figures in which:
As shown in
Each shroud segment 26 has a monolithic cast body extending axially from a leading edge 30 to a trailing edge 32 and circumferentially between opposed axially extending edges 34 (
The shroud segment 26 has an internal cooling scheme obtained from a casting/sacrificial core (not shown). The cooling scheme extends axially from the front end of the shroud body adjacent the leading edge 30 to the trailing edge 32 thereof. As shown in
Each inlet 54 may comprise one or more inlet passages extending through the radially outer surface 38 of the shroud segment 26. As shown in
Each outlet 56 may comprise one or more outlet passages extending axially through the trailing edge 32 of the shroud segment 26. In the illustrated embodiment, the outlets 56 of the first and second serpentine channels 50, 52 are disposed in a central area of the trailing edge 32 between the lateral edges 34 inboard relative to the inlets 54.
Each serpentine channel 50, 52 comprises a first axially extending passage 60 interconnected in fluid flow communication with a second axially extending passage 62 by a first bend passage 64 and a third axially extending passage 66 interconnected in fluid flow communication with the second axially extending passage 62 by a second bend passage 68. The first axially extending passage 60 is disposed adjacent to the associated lateral edge 34 of the shroud segment 26. The second axially extending passage 62 is disposed laterally inboard relative to the first passage 60. The third axially extending passage 66 is, in turn, disposed laterally inboard relative to the second passage 62 and extends rearwardly to the outlets 56 in the trailing edge 32 of the shroud segment 26. It can be appreciated that the third passages 66 of the first and second serpentine channels 50, 52 are adjacent to each other and disposed in the central area of the shroud segment between the lateral edges 34. It is understood that each serpentine channels could have more than three axially extending passages and two bend passages.
The lateral edges 34 of the shroud segment are hotter than the central area thereof. By providing the first passage of each serpentine channel along the lateral edges, cooler air is available for cooling the hot lateral edges. This contributes to maintain a more uniform temperature distribution throughout the shroud segment.
The first bend passage 64 is disposed proximate the trailing edge 32. The second bend passage 68 is disposed proximate the leading edge 30. A turning vane 70 is provided in the first and second bend passages 64, 68 to avoid flow separation. The turning vanes 70 are configured to redirect the flow of coolant from a first axial direction to a second axial direction 180 degrees opposite to the first axial direction. Outlet holes (not shown) could be provided in the outer radius of the first bend passages 64 for exhausting a fraction of the coolant flow through the trailing edge 32 of the shroud segment 26 as the coolant flows through the first bend passages 64.
As best shown in
The turbulators in the third axial passage 66 of each of the first and second serpentine channels 50, 52 can be provided in the form of axially spaced-part V-shaped chevrons 76. The chevrons 76 can be axially aligned with the apex of the chevrons 76 pointing in the upstream direction.
The first and second serpentine channels 50, 52 can also each include a cross-over wall 78 having a transverse row of cross-over holes 80 for metering and accelerating coolant flow at the entry of the third axial passage 66. The cross-over walls 78 may be disposed at the exit of the second bend passages 68 just upstream of the chevrons 76. The cross-sectional area of the cross-over holes 80 is selected to be less than the cross-section area of the associated inlet 54 to provide the desired metering and flow accelerating functions. It is also contemplated to provide a cross-over wall in the first or second axial passage 60, 62.
The pedestals 72, the chevrons 76 and the cross-over walls 78 allow increasing and tailoring the heat transfer coefficient and, thus, provide for a more uniform temperature distribution across the shroud segment 26. Different heat transfer coefficients can be provided over the surface area of the shroud segment to account for differently thermally loaded shroud regions.
The shroud segments 26 may be cast via an investment casting process. In an exemplary casting process, a sacrificial core (not shown), for instance a ceramic core, is used to form the first and second serpentine channels 50, 52 (including the pedestals 54, the turning vanes 70, the cross-over walls 78 and the chevrons 76), the cooling inlets 54 as well as the cooling outlets 56. The core is over-molded with a material forming the body of the shroud segment 26. That is the shroud segment 26 is cast around the core. Once, the material has formed around the core, the core is removed from the shroud segment 26 to provide the desired internal configuration of the shroud cooling scheme. The core may be leached out by any suitable technique including chemical and heat treatment techniques. As should be appreciated, many different construction and molding techniques for forming the shroud segments are contemplated. For instance, the cooling inlets 54 and outlets 56 could be drilled as opposed of being formed as part of the casting process. Also some of the inlets 60 and outlets 62 could be drilled while others could be created by corresponding forming structures on the core. Various combinations are contemplated.
According to one example, a method of manufacturing a turbine shroud segment comprises: casting an arcuate body over a sacrificial core to form first and second axial serpentine channels respectively along first and second lateral edges of the body; the first and second axial serpentine channels being embedded in the arcuate body and bounded by opposed radially inner and radially outer surfaces of the cast arcuate body, the first and second serpentine channels having inlets disposed at a front end of the arcuate body proximate a leading edge thereof and outlets at a trailing edge of the shroud body.
The above description is meant to be exemplary only, and one skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made to the embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention disclosed. Any modifications which fall within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in light of a review of this disclosure, and such modifications are intended to fall within the appended claims.
