Patent Grant
11306613
The present invention relates to a turbocharger.
A turbocharger includes a turbocharger body, a compressor, and a turbine. The turbocharger body includes a rotating shaft and a bearing housing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft via a bearing. The rotating shaft includes a turbine wheel on a first end portion side and a compressor wheel on a second end portion side. The turbine wheel is accommodated in a turbine housing which is connected to the bearing housing. The compressor wheel is accommodated in a compressor housing which is connected to the bearing housing.
In the turbocharger, the turbine wheel is rotated by a flow of an exhaust gas supplied from an engine into the turbine housing. The compressor wheel provided in the compressor housing is rotated according to the rotation of the turbine wheel, and thus, air is compressed. The air compressed by the compressor is supplied to the engine.
During an operation of the turbocharger, a high-temperature exhaust gas flows to the turbine, and thus, a temperature of the turbine housing increases. If thermal energy of the turbine escapes to the bearing housing side, energy loss occurs in the turbine.
In order to prevent the bearing housing side from being damaged by heat input from the turbine side, it is preferable to suppress a heat input from the turbine side to the bearing housing side.
PTL discloses a configuration in which a heat insulating material and a gap functioning as a heat insulating layer are provided between a turbine wheel and a bearing of a bearing housing in order to suppress a heat input from a turbine to a bearing housing.
[PTL 1] Japanese Patent No. 4931319
In the above-described turbocharger, it is desired to further suppress energy loss in the turbine and the heat input from the turbine to the bearing.
An object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger capable of suppressing the energy loss in the turbine and the heat input from the turbine to the bearing.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turbocharger including: a rotating shaft which extends along an axis; a turbine wheel which is provided on a first end portion side of the rotating shaft; and a compressor wheel which is provided on a second end portion side of the rotating shaft. The turbocharger further includes a bearing housing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft and a turbine housing which covers the turbine wheel. The turbocharger further includes a back plate which includes a plate portion which is provided between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel and an outer peripheral end portion which is formed radially outside the plate portion and is supported to be interposed between the bearing housing and the turbine housing. The turbocharger further includes a plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion which is provided between the outer peripheral end portion of the back plate and the bearing housing and is formed of a material having thermal conductivity lower than those of the turbine housing and the back plate.
In this way, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion is provided between the outer peripheral end portion of the back plate and the bearing housing, and thus, it is possible to inhibit heat of a heated back plate from being transmitted from the outer peripheral end portion of the back plate to the bearing housing.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the turbocharger may further include a spacer which is interposed between the bearing housing and the turbine housing, in which the spacer may include a heat shielding portion holder which is formed to hold a plurality of the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portions at intervals in a circumferential direction.
According to this configuration, in a case where the spacer is provided between the bearing housing and the turbine housing, it is possible to provide the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion between the bearing housing and the turbine housing. Accordingly, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the outer peripheral end portion of the back plate to the bearing housing.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, in the turbocharger, a plurality of openings may be formed on the outer peripheral end portion of the back plate at intervals in a circumferential direction.
In this way, the openings are formed on the back plate which is positioned on the turbine housing side with respect to the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion, and thus, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion faces the openings. The thermal conductivity of an inner space in each opening is lower than the thermal conductivity of the back plate, and thus, heat shielding effects can be obtained by the inner space of the opening.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turbocharger including: a rotating shaft which extends along an axis; a turbine wheel which is provided on a first end portion side of the rotating shaft; and a compressor wheel which is provided on a second end portion side of the rotating shaft. The turbocharger further includes a bearing housing which rotatably supports the rotating shaft and a turbine housing which covers the turbine wheel. The turbocharger further includes a back plate which includes a plate portion which is provided between the bearing housing and the turbine wheel and an outer peripheral end portion which is formed radially outside the plate portion and is supported to be interposed between the bearing housing and the turbine housing. The turbocharger further includes a turbine-side heat shielding portion which is disposed between the back plate and the turbine wheel and covers the plate portion of the back plate.
In this way, the turbine-side heat shielding portion is provided between the back plate and the turbine wheel, and thus, it is possible to inhibit a temperature of the back plate from increasing due to heat on the turbine side. Accordingly, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the turbine housing side to the bearing housing via the back plate.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, the turbocharger may further include a partition member which partitions the turbine-side heat shielding portion from the turbine wheel on the turbine wheel side with respect to the turbine-side heat shielding portion.
According to this configuration, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the turbine wheel side to the turbine-side heat shielding portion by the partition member.
According to the turbocharger, it is possible to suppress the energy loss in the turbine and the heat input from the turbine to the bearing.
Hereinafter, a turbocharger according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in
The turbocharger body 11 includes the rotating shaft 14, a bearing 15A, and a bearing housing 16.
The rotating shaft 14 is rotatably supported by the bearing 15A accommodated in the bearing housing 16. A turbine wheel 12 is integrally formed on a first end portion 14a of the rotating shaft 14, and a compressor wheel 13 is attached to a second end portion 14b of the rotating shaft 14.
The bearing housing 16 is formed to accommodate the bearing 15A and to cover the rotating shaft 14 from the outside. The bearing housing 16 includes an opening 16a on a first end portion side of the bearing housing 16 and an opening 16b on a second end portion side thereof. The first end portion 14a and the second end portion 14b of the above-described rotating shaft 14 protrude toward the outside of the bearing housing 16 through the openings 16a and 16b, respectively. That is, each of the above-described turbine wheel 12 and the compressor wheel 13 is disposed outside the bearing housing 16.
The compressor 20 includes the compressor wheel 13 and a compressor housing 21. The compressor 20 is a so-called a centrifugal compressor and boosts air such as outside air. The boosted air is supplied to the engine.
The compressor wheel 13 is rotated together with the rotating shaft 14. The compressor wheel is rotated, air flowing from an inlet of the compressor housing 21 is moved radially outward while being compressed and is discharged to the outside of the compressor housing 21 via a scroll or the like.
The turbine 30 recovers energy of an exhaust gas discharged from an engine (not shown). The turbine 30 mainly includes the turbine wheel 12 and a turbine housing 31.
The turbine wheel 12 converts energy of the exhaust gas into rotational energy. The turbine wheel 12 is accommodated in the turbine housing 31 and includes a plurality of turbine blades 12w in a circumferential direction. The turbine wheel 12 is rotated by the exhaust gas supplied to the inside of the turbine housing 31. The rotation of the turbine wheel 12 is transmitted to the compressor wheel 13 via the rotating shaft 14.
The turbine housing 31 has an opening 31a at a position facing the bearing housing 16. An accommodation space for accommodating the turbine wheel 12 is formed inside the turbine housing 31. The turbine housing 31 includes a gas introduction portion (not shown), a scroll flow path 34, and an exhaust section 35.
The gas introduction portion (not shown) feeds the exhaust gas discharged from the engine (not shown) to the scroll flow path 34.
The scroll flow path 34 is continuous to the gas introduction portion (not shown) and is continuously formed in the circumferential direction to surround an outer peripheral side of the turbine wheel 12. At least a portion of the scroll flow path 34 in the circumferential direction is provided to face an outer peripheral portion of the turbine wheel 12, and thus, a flow path through which the exhaust gas rotating the turbine wheel 12 flows in the circumferential direction is formed.
The exhaust gas discharged from the turbine wheel 12 flows to the exhaust section 35. The exhaust section 35 is continuously formed in a direction separated from the turbocharger body 11 in a direction of a central axis C of the rotating shaft 14 from an outer peripheral portion of the turbine wheel 12.
In the turbine 30, the exhaust gas which has flowed from the gas introduction portion (not shown) flows to the outer peripheral side of the turbine wheel 12 in the circumferential direction along the scroll flow path 34. In this way, the exhaust gas flowing in the circumferential direction strikes the turbine blade 12w of the turbine wheel 12, and thus, the turbine wheel 12 is rotated. The exhaust gas which has passed through the turbine wheel 12 is discharged from the inner peripheral side of the turbine wheel 12 to the exhaust section 35.
An end portion 31e on the bearing housing 16 side in an outer peripheral portion of the turbine housing 31 and an end portion 16e in an outer peripheral portion of the bearing housing 16 are connected to each other via a connection fitting 32 in a joint portion J.
As shown in
The joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 is formed of a material having thermal conductivity lower than that of the turbine housing 31. For example, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 can be formed of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity of 0.1 W/m/K or less at the room temperature. For example, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 can be formed of a porous body or sheet material made of a ceramic material, a silica material, or the like. In the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51, a coating may be applied to at least one of the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16 facing each other with the heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity.
Here, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 has strength to maintain a predetermined thickness in a state of being interposed between the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16.
In the opening 31a of the turbine housing 31, a back plate 41 is provided on the bearing housing 16 side with respect to the turbine wheel 12. The back plate 41 integrally includes a plate portion 41a, a tubular portion 41b, and a flange portion (outer peripheral-side end portion) 41c.
The plate portion 41a closes a portion between an outer peripheral surface of a boss section 16c protruding toward the turbine 30 side on one end side of the bearing housing 16 and the opening 31a.
The tubular portion 41b is formed in a tubular shape to extend from an outer peripheral portion of the plate portion 41a to the bearing housing 16 side along an inner peripheral surface of the opening 31a.
The flange portion 41c is formed to extend radially outward from an end portion of the tubular portion 41b on the bearing housing 16 side. The flange portion 41c is interposed between a step section 31d which is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the turbine housing 31 and protrudes radially inward and an end surface 16d which faces the step section 31d with a gap in the bearing housing 16.
For example, the back plate 41 is formed of a material having heat resistance such as a stainless steel alloy or Inconel.
An inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 is provided between the plate portion 41a of the back plate 41 and an end surface 16s of the bearing housing 16 which faces the plate portion 41a with a gap.
A plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 and an end surface 16d of the bearing housing 16 which faces the flange portion 41c.
The inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are formed of a material having thermal conductivity lower than those of the turbine housing 31 and the back plate 41. For example, preferably, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are formed of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity of 0.1 W/m/K or less at the room temperature. For example, as the heat insulating material or the heat shielding material, a porous body, a sheet material, or the like made of a ceramic material, a silica material, or the like can be used. In the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, coating may be applied to the end surfaces 16s and 16f of the bearing housing 16 with the heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity. Moreover, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are not required to have strength. Accordingly, for example, fibers made of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material may be used to be formed in a sponge shape as glass wool as long as it has required heat resistance. In addition, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 may be formed such that only portions between the plate portion 41a and the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 and the end surfaces 16s and 16f of the bearing housing 16 are filled with air.
Therefore, according to the turbocharger 10A of the above-described first embodiment, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 and the bearing housing 16, and thus, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 to the bearing housing 16.
In addition, in the joint portion J between the turbine housing 31 and the bearing housing 16, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 formed of a material having the thermal conductivity lower than those of the turbine housing 31 and the bearing housing 16 is interposed, and thus, it is possible to inhibit heat in the turbine housing 31 from being transmitted to the bearing housing 16 via the turbine housing 31.
In addition, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 is further provided between the plate portion 41a of the back plate 41 and the bearing housing 16, and thus, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the plate portion 41a to the bearing housing 16.
In this way, according to the turbocharger 10A, it is possible to suppress energy loss in the turbine 30 and a heat input from the turbine 30 to the bearing housing 16.
In the above-described embodiment, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 and the end surface 16d of the bearing housing 16. However, the following configuration may be adopted.
As shown in
As shown in
The plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided so as to fill the cut-out portions 55k.
In this way, in the case where the spacer 55 is provided between the bearing housing 16 and the turbine housing 31, it is possible to provide the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 between the bearing housing 16 and the turbine housing 31. Accordingly, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 to the bearing housing 16, and it is possible to suppress energy loss in the turbine 30 and a heat input from the turbine 30 to the bearing housing 16.
In the first embodiment, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 and the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 are not indispensable configurations, and may be changed to other configurations, or these configurations may not be provided.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, only the configuration of the back plate is different from that of the first embodiment, and the configuration of the entire turbocharger is the same as that of the first embodiment. Accordingly, in the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same portions as those of the first embodiment, and overlapping descriptions thereof are omitted.
As shown in
In the joint portion J, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 is provided between the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 of the turbine 30 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16 of the turbocharger body 11.
In the opening 31a of the turbine housing 31, a back plate 41B is provided on the bearing housing 16 side with respect to the turbine wheel 12. For example, the back plate 41B is formed of a material having heat resistance such as a stainless steel alloy or Inconel.
The back plate 41B integrally includes the plate portion 41a, the tubular portion 41b, and the flange portion (outer peripheral-side end portion) 41d.
As shown in
As shown in
A gap is provided between the plate portion 41a of the back plate 41B and the end surface 16s of the bearing housing 16 which faces the plate portion 41a with a space, and the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 is provided in the gap.
The plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided between the flange portion 41d of the back plate 41B and the end surface 16d of the bearing housing which faces the flange portion 41d. The above-described flange portion 41d and plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are interposed between the step section 31d of the turbine housing 31 and the end surface 16d of the bearing housing 16.
Here, in the flange portion 41d of the back plate 41B in the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, the opening 45 is adjacent to the turbine 30 side in a portion where the opening 45 is formed. For example, the opening 45 is filled with air or a material similar to that of the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, and the air or the material has thermal conductivity lower than that of the flange portion 41d of the back plate 41B.
Therefore, according to the turbocharger 10B of the above-described second embodiment, in addition to the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 being provided between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 and the bearing housing 16, the openings 45 are formed on the back plate 41 which is positioned on the turbine housing 31 side with respect to the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53. Accordingly, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 faces the opening 45. The thermal conductivity of the inner space in each opening 45 is lower than the thermal conductivity of the back plate 41, and thus, heat shielding effects can be obtained by the inner space of the opening 45. Accordingly, it is possible to further inhibit heat from the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41 from being transmitted to the bearing housing 16.
As a result, it is possible to further suppress the energy loss in the turbine 30 and the heat input from the turbine 30 to the bearing.
In the above-described second embodiment, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 and the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 are provided. However, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 and the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 are not indispensable configurations, and may be changed to other configurations, or these configurations may not be provided.
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment, only a configuration having a turbine-side heat shielding portion is different from that of the first embodiment, and thus, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same portions as those of the first embodiment, and overlapping descriptions thereof are omitted.
As shown in
The joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 is provided between the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 of the turbine 30 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16 of the turbocharger body 11.
The joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 is formed of a material having thermal conductivity lower than that of the turbine housing 31. For example, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 can be formed of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity of 0.1 W/m/K or less at the room temperature. For example, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 can be formed of a porous body or sheet material made of a ceramic material, a silica material, or the like. In the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51, a coating may be applied to at least one of the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16 facing each other with the heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity.
Here, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 has strength to maintain a predetermined thickness in a state of being interposed between the end portion 31e of the turbine housing 31 and the end portion 16e of the bearing housing 16.
In the opening 31a of the turbine housing 31, a back plate 41C is provided on the bearing housing 16 side with respect to the turbine wheel 12. For example, the back plate 41 is formed of a material having heat resistance such as a stainless steel alloy or Inconel.
The back plate 41C integrally includes the plate portion 41a, the tubular portion 41b, and the flange portion 41c, and the heat shielding material holding portion 41f.
The plate portion 41a closes a portion between the outer peripheral surface of the boss section 16c protruding toward the turbine 30 side on one end side of the bearing housing 16 and the opening 31a.
The tubular portion 41b is formed in a tubular shape to extend from the outer peripheral portion of the plate portion 41a to the bearing housing 16 side along the inner peripheral surface of the opening 31a.
The flange portion 41c is formed to extend radially outward from an end portion of the tubular portion 41b on the bearing housing 16 side. The flange portion 41c is interposed between the step section 31d which is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the turbine housing 31 and protrudes radially inward and the end surface 16d which faces the step section 31d with a gap in the bearing housing 16.
The heat shielding material holding portion 41f integrally includes a tubular support portion 41g which extends from an inner peripheral edge portion of the plate portion 41a to the turbine 30 side and a support plate portion 41h which extends radially outward from a tip end portion of the tubular support portion 41g on the turbine 30 side.
A gap is provided between the plate portion 41a of the back plate 41C and the end surface 16s of the bearing housing 16 which faces the plate portion 41a with a gap, and the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 is provided in the gap.
In addition, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 is provided between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41C and the end surface 16d of the bearing housing 16 which faces the flange portion 41c.
A turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 is held by the heat shielding material holding portion 41f of the back plate 41C on the turbine 30 side of the back plate 41C.
The turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 is formed in an annular shape and is provided to cover the plate portion 41a radially outside the tubular support portion 41g. A portion on the inner peripheral side of the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 is covered with the support plate portion 41h.
The inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, and the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 are formed of a material having thermal conductivity lower than those of the turbine housing 31 and the back plate 41C. For example, preferably, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, and the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 are formed of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity of 0.1 W/m/K or less at the room temperature. For example, the heat insulating material or the heat shielding material can be formed of a porous body, a sheet material, or the like made of a ceramic material, a silica material, or the like.
The inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, and the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 may be formed by applying coating with the heat shielding material having the thermal conductivity. Moreover, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52, the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53, and the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 are not required to have strength. Accordingly, for example, fibers made of a heat insulating material or a heat shielding material may be used to be formed in a sponge shape as long as it has required heat resistance. In addition, the inner peripheral heat shielding portion 52 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion may be formed such that only a portion between the flange portion 41c of the back plate 41C and the end surface 16d of the bearing housing 16 facing the flange portion 41c is filled with air.
Therefore, according to the turbocharger 10C of the above-described third embodiment, the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 is provided between the back plate 41 and the turbine wheel 12, and thus, it is possible to inhibit a temperature of the back plate 41 from increasing due to heat on the turbine 30 side. Accordingly, it is possible to inhibit heat from being transmitted from the turbine housing 31 side to the bearing housing 16 via the back plate 41.
As a result, it is possible to further suppress the energy loss in the turbine 30 and the heat input from the turbine 30 to the bearing.
In the above-described second embodiment, the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 is held by the heat shielding material holding portion 41f of the back plate 41C. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in
The heat shielding member cover portion 58 integrally includes a cover plate (partition member) 58a which extends radially inward from the opening 31a of the turbine housing 31 and a heat shielding member holding portion 58b which extends from an inner peripheral edge portion of the cover plate 58a to the bearing housing 16 side.
The turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 on the turbine 30 side is covered with the cover plate 58a.
In the above-described configuration, in the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57, it is possible to suppress heat transmitted from the turbine wheel 12 side to the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57 by the cover plate 58a which is provided on the turbine wheel 12 side with a gap with respect to the plate portion 41a of the back plate 41. Accordingly, it is possible to further suppress the energy loss in the turbine 30 and the heat input from the turbine 30 to the bearing.
Similarly to the cover plate 58a, the support plate portion 41h of the heat shielding material holding portion 41f in the above-described third embodiment may be formed so as to cover the entirety of the turbine-side heat shielding portion 57.
In addition, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are provided. However, the joint-portion heat shielding portion 51 and the plate outer peripheral heat shielding portion 53 are not indispensable configurations, and may be changed to other configurations, or these configurations may not be provided.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications to the above-described embodiments within the scope which does not depart from the gist of the present invention. That is, the specific shapes, configurations, or the like described in the embodiments are merely examples, and can be appropriately changed.
For example, the shape or the like of the back plate 41 is not limited, and other shapes such as a flat plate shape without having the tubular portion 41b may be adopted.
In addition, the configuration of each portion such as the turbocharger body 11, the compressor 20, the turbine 30, or the like of the turbocharger 10A is not limited to those exemplified above, and may be changed to other configurations.
The present invention can be applied to the turbocharger. According to this invention, it is possible to suppress the energy loss in the turbine and the heat input from the turbine to the bearing.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/056961 | 3/7/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/154069 | 9/14/2017 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190063260 A1 | Feb 2019 | US |
