Claims
- 1. In a turbo-jet engine:
- a casing;
- a rotor disc carrying blades and being mounted within said casing;
- auxiliary equipment mounted on the outside of the casing and subtending an angle centered on an axis extending longitudinally of said engine; and
- a retaining structure disposed about a stage of the rotor blades and comprising an inner annulus, a honeycomb structure, and an external skin, wherein
- said inner annulus extends circumferentially about substantially the entire stage of the rotor blades at a location radially inward of said auxiliary equipment, a thickness of said internal annulus being greater in a portion thereof that is adjacent said auxiliary equipment than in another portion thereof, said portion of greater thickness subtending an angle that includes said angle subtended by said auxiliary equipment,
- said honeycomb structure is disposed externally of said inner annulus and extends circumferentially, subtending an angle that is not subtended by said auxiliary equipment, said honeycomb structure not extending into said angle subtended by said auxiliary equipment, and
- said external skin is disposed externally of said honeycomb structure.
- 2. An engine according to claim 1, the retaining structure comprising an arcuate sector and a complementary sector circumferentially juxtaposed with said arcuate sector, there being an internal skin of said retaining structure disposed in the complementary sector, wherein the internal skin of the complementary sector and the arcuate sector together form a continuous annulus, the part corresponding to the arcuate sector being formed by a thickening of the material.
- 3. An engine according to claim 1, the retaining structure comprising an arcuate sector and a complementary sector circumferentially juxtaposed with said arcuate sector, there being an internal skin of said retaining structure disposed in the complementary sector, wherein the internal skin and the arcuate sector are of a metal of high mechanical strength.
- 4. An engine according to claim 1 wherein the external skin is of composite material.
- 5. An engine according to claim 1, the retaining structure comprising an arcuate sector and a complementary sector circumferentially juxtaposed with said arcuate sector, further comprising a strap of a material with a high elastic modulus which constrains at least the complementary sector.
- 6. An engine according to claim 5, wherein:
- said strap comprises two loops, one being provided at each end of the strap; and
- said engine further comprises two link means and a plurality of lugs, at least two of 48 of (b)3. 20 80 of (c)4. 8 92 of (d)______________________________________
- As in Example 2, it is evident that an aqueous system containing from 20% w/w upwards of water wherein the balance comprises equal parts w/w of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and 3-methylsulfolane is capable of forming stable microemulsions with a wide range of quantities of CEES. As in Example 2, the range covers an amount of CEES which is an order of magnitude less than the amount of the aqueous system to a point where CEES is present in a considerably greater quantity than the aqueous system. It is evident that 3-methylsulfolane as a cosurfactant functions as well as sulfolane. It is also evident that since sulfolane and 3-methylsulfolane do not interreact, a mixture of the two may also be gainfully utilized as a cosurfactant.
- EXAMPLE 4
- The procedure of Example 2 is repeated except that seawater is used in place of fresh water.
- Four initial aqueous compositions are prepared. Each composition is titrated with enough CEES to produce stable microemulsions having the compositions noted below:
- ______________________________________Seawaterwt % E wt % CEES wt %______________________________________1. 29.4 49.6 212. 33.3 47.7 193. 40.0 45.0 154. 52.0 37.0 11______________________________________
- As in Example 2, it is evident that an aqueous system comprising seawater in admixture with equal parts w/w of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide and sulfolane functions equally as well as an aqueous system comprising fresh water in forming stable microemulsions with widely ranging quantities of CEES. It is evident that the presence of electrolytes introduced by seawater has no adverse effect upon the detoxification ability of the microemulsions underlying the present invention. This finding is corroborated by the results of Example 5 which follows.
- EXAMPLE 5
- The following aqueous compositions are prepared:
- ______________________________________ Aqueous Component Emulsifier (E or E')System wt % wt %______________________________________(i) 80 (water) 20 (E)(ii) 80 (water) 20 (E)(iii) 80 (water) 20 (E')(iv) 80 (seawater) 20 (E)______________________________________
- Compositions (i) through (iv) are titrated with CEES in accordance with the procedure of the preceding four examples. However, composition (i) is titrated with TBP and not with CEES. The percentages by weight of TBP or CEES in the resulting isotropic microemulsions are as follows:
- ______________________________________ TBP or CEESSystem wt %______________________________________(i) 16 (TBP)(ii) 2 (CEES)(iii) 2 (CEES)(iv) 2 (CEES)______________________________________
- EXAMPLE 6
- The following aqueous compositions were prepared to test whether in the respective emulsifier systems, the cationic surfactant could be effectively replaced by a nonionic surfactant, namely polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether.
- A mixed emulsifier (e) is prepared by mixing together equal quantities w/w of said nonionic surfactant with sulfolane. In a similar mixture sulfolane is replaced by 3-methylsulfolane to produce emulsifier system e'.
- The following aqueous systems are prepared:
- ______________________________________SYS- AQUEOUS COMPONENT EMULSIFIER (e or e')TEM wt % wt %______________________________________(a) 80 (water) 20 (e)(b) 80 (water) 20 (e)(c) 80 (seawater) 20 (e')(d) 80 (seawater) 20 (e')______________________________________
- Compositions (a) and (c) are titrated with CEES and compositions (b) and (d) are titrated with TBP.
- In the resulting isotropic microemulsions TBP and CEES are found to be present to the extent of up to 16% w/w.
- It is therefore evident that in the microemulsions underlying the present invention, it makes no difference that the cosurfactant is sulfolane or 3-methylsulfolane (or a mixture thereof) and that the aqueous phase is fresh water or seawater or a mixture thereof. The ability of the microemulsions underlying the present invention to emulsify any chemical warfare agent analog varies from substrate to substrate as is to be expected.
- To a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains many modifications and variations will suggest themselves, without the need for any undue experimentation to suit the needs of any given situation. Such modifications and variations are therefore within the scope of the present invention.
- The scope of the present invention is further defined by and should be read in conjunction with the appended claims.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
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Kind |
83 09552 |
Jun 1983 |
FRX |
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Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 615,588, filed May 31, 1984 and now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (11)
Foreign Referenced Citations (7)
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Apr 1981 |
EPX |
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Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
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Parent |
615588 |
May 1984 |
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