Patent Grant
7775569
This application claims priority from European Patent Application No. 06113848.3, filed May 12, 2006, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The invention concerns tweezers and a system for grasping and assembling components in a timepiece.
The invention more specifically concerns tweezers for grasping and assembling at least one component in a timepiece, comprising first and second branches which are joined at a first end of the tweezers and which form a grasping pincer at the second end of the tweezers for the purpose of grasping the component via the pincer, by a manual manipulation of the tweezers.
During assembly of timepiece components of small dimensions, such as display hands, watchmakers usually use tweezers, which enables them to manipulate the components and position them more precisely in order to create an assembly in a timepiece. Such tweezers are disclosed and shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,638,516.
It has become clear that, for certain types of components, the tweezers tend to leave marks on the components. In particular, when the components are made of a semiconductor material such as silicon, the very fragile external surface is marked by scratches from handling by the tweezers, which is damaging to the final aesthetic appearance of the timepiece. Handling by tweezers can even cause breakage of the component.
Grasping the timepiece components by suction has already been proposed, particularly in CH Patent No. 667 839. However, this solution does not solve the problem of marking or breakage of fragile components.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome this problem by proposing a tool which allows easy and precise handling without altering the surface of the components being handled.
Thus, the invention proposes tweezers of the type previously described, characterized in that the first branch comprises at least one electrostatic grasping surface provided for grasping a component made of conductive or semiconductor material by electrostatic attraction.
The tweezers according to the invention have the advantage of being particularly easy to hold in the hand since they have the shape of a tool that is used daily by watchmakers. Moreover, they can be used in a conventional mode, by means of the pincer, and in an advanced mode, by means of the electrostatic grasping surface, which enables them to be adapted to the requirements of watchmakers.
Preferably, the electrostatic grasping surface is arranged on the side of the outer face of the branch, which facilitates the holding of components by making the electrostatic grasping surface easily accessible while allowing the user to continue to use the conventional pincer for grasping less fragile conventional components.
According to one advantageous embodiment, the electrostatic grasping surface has at least one guide portion, which is provided to force the component to occupy a determined position on the electrostatic grasping surface. This feature enables the component to obtain a stable relative position on the grasping surface, thereby facilitating assembly operations. Moreover, since the tweezers are used for assembling a watch hand on an arbour, the electrostatic grasping surface comprises at least one orifice provided for the passage of the arbour when the hand is positioned thereon, which facilitates the mounting of the hand on its drive arbour in the timepiece.
Advantageously, at least one part of the electrostatic grasping surface belongs to an added element, which is removably secured to the first branch by snap fit. Interchangeable electrostatic grasping surfaces can thus be used as a function of the components to be handled.
According to other features of the invention, the branches are made of an electrically conductive material and the electrostatic grasping surface is made of a synthetic electrically insulating material, whose hardness and surface appearance are provided so as not to alter the surface appearance of the component being grasped.
The first branch comprises an electrode supplied with an electric current by a powering device and an insulating envelope made of dielectric material, which covers the electrode, and the insulating envelope comprises an outer surface that forms the electrostatic grasping surface.
The powering device can be carried by the tweezers or offset in relation to the tweezers.
Preferably, a member controlling the intensity of the electrostatic attractive force produced on the electrostatic grasping surface is arranged on the tweezers, which enables the attraction force to be adapted to the component to be handled, and which allows the component to be released when desired.
The present invention also proposes an electrostatic grasping system comprising tweezers as previously described and including a member, off-set relative to the tweezers, which controls the intensity of the electrostatic attractive force produced on the electrostatic grasping surface. The control member is a pedal, which varies the intensity of the electrostatic attractive force as a function of the pressing force applied to the pedal.
These features enable the grasping system according to the invention to be particularly ergonomic since the user has both hands free for handling the components using the tweezers and for holding the timepiece, while his feet control the electrostatic attractive force.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly upon reading the following detailed description, made with reference to the annexed drawings, given by way of non-limiting example and in which:
In the following description, identical or similar elements bear the same references.
The component 14 to be grasped is formed, for example, of a display hand 15, which has to be fitted onto an arbour of the timepiece. Of course, other components 14 can be handled by means of grasping system 10 according to the invention, particularly arbours, wheels, springs . . . .
In the following description, a vertical axial orientation along the general axis A1 of tweezers 12 will be used in a non-limiting manner.
Tweezers 12 comprise first and second branches 16, 18 which are joined at a first axial end 20 of the tweezers and which form a grasping pincer 22 at the second axial end of the tweezers in order to allow component 14 to be grasped by pincer 22, by a manual manipulation of tweezers 12.
Branches 16, 18 are made of an electrically conductive material and they are placed at a determined potential, for example earth.
In accordance with the teaching of the invention, the first branch 16 comprises at least one electrostatic grasping surface 24 provided for grasping, by electrostatic attraction, a component 14 made of a conductive or semiconductor material, particularly hands 15 made of silicon-based crystalline material. Prior to being grasped, component 14 is placed on a support (not shown) made of electrically conductive material, placed at a determined potential corresponding to the potential of branches 16, 18, for example earth.
According to the embodiment shown, the electrostatic grasping surface 24 is formed by the outer surface of an insulating envelope 30 which covers electrode 26. Electrode 26 is supplied with electric current by a powering device 28.
Insulating envelope 30 is made of a dielectric material and it entirely covers electrode 26. Insulating envelope 30 has a parallelepiped shape here. In order to guarantee a sufficient electrostatic attractive force with a reasonable voltage, the thickness of insulating envelope 30, between electrode 26 and electrostatic grasping surface 24, must be relatively small.
Advantageously, electrode 26 and insulating envelope 30 are arranged on the outer face 32 of the first branch 16, such that electrostatic grasping surface 24 is orientated on the side opposite axis A1. Insulating envelope 30 is made of a synthetic material whose surface appearance is provided to allow a non-aggressive contact between component 14 and grasping surface 24, so as not to alter the surface appearance of component 14.
According to the embodiment shown here, powering device 28 is carried by the first end 20 of tweezers 12 and it is electrically connected to electrode 26 by a wire 34. Powering device 28 includes, for example, a rechargeable battery and a high voltage generator (from 0.01 to 10 kV).
Powering device 28 comprises a control member 36, which allows the user of tweezers 12 to manually control M the powering of electrode 26 to cause the electrostatic attraction of component 14 and thus to hold it pressed against electrostatic grasping surface 24, as shown in
It will be noted that the intensity of the electrostatic attractive force for holding component 14 pressed against electrostatic grasping surface 24 is relatively low because of the low weight of a component 14, such as a display hand 15. Consequently, during certain assembly operations of component 14, for example during assembly of hand 15 on an arbour, if it is held in position on the arbour by a mechanical force such as a gripping force, it is not indispensable to implement any particular control strategy of powering device 18 in order to release component 14.
Control member 36 can be formed by a switch and, preferably, when the user stops powering electrode 26, an electric power control strategy is implemented in order to release component 14, for example by causing several alternating pulses of decreasing amplitude.
The operation of tweezers 12 according to the first embodiment of the invention is set out below.
When the user, generally a watchmaker, is handling and assembling components 14 which are not particularly fragile, for example components 14 made of brass, then he uses the conventional pincer 22 for grasping the component 14 and positioning it in the timepiece, simply by exerting mechanical pressure with his fingers on branches 16, 18 of tweezers 12.
When the user is handling and assembling components 14 that must be subjected to particular precautions to avoid damaging or scratching the same, for example silicon hands 15, then he controls the powering of electrode 26 by means of switch 36, which charges the insulating envelope 30 by producing, on electrostatic grasping surface 24, an attraction force which enables component 14 to be grasped without needing to exert any mechanical pressure thereon. The user can then move component 14 in the timepiece in order to position it, then release component 14 by again acting on switch 36.
It should be noted that since the component 14 made of conductive or semiconductor material is placed on a support at the same potential as branches 16, 18, which here is earth, then component 14 is itself at earth. When electrostatic grasping surface 24 approaches component 14, the powering of electrode 26 causes a difference in potential between electrode 26 and component 14, which generates an electric field and an electrostatic attractive force. Electric charges appear on electrostatic grasping surface 24 and on component 14. When the electrostatic force is sufficient, component 14 will be pressed against electrostatic grasping surface 24. Since the majority of the electric charges mobilised in component 14 remain on component 14, the electrostatic attractive force is maintained which enables component 14 to be moved while keeping it pressed against electrostatic grasping surface 24, until it is released by action on switch 36.
The second embodiment, which is shown in
According to the second embodiment, powering device 28 is offset relative to tweezers 12, the electrical connection wire 34 extending from tweezers 12 to powering device 28. Moreover, control member 36 is formed by a pedal 38, which enables the user to vary the intensity of the electrostatic attractive force, on electrostatic grasping surface 24, as a function of the force that he exerts on pedal 28 with his foot.
In the second embodiment, electrostatic grasping surface 24 has at least one guide portion 40, 42 provided for forcing component 14 to occupy a determined position on electrostatic grasping surface 24.
According to the example shown, the first guide portion 40 extends over the entire width of grasping surface 24 and it has the shape of an end section of hand 15 located on the side of the axis of rotation thereof. The first guide portion 40 is formed here by a recess delimited by two opposite edges 44, 46, which force hand 15 to be orientated along a transverse direction relative to axis A1, as shown in
According to the example shown, the second guide portion 42 is a housing that has the shape of a half-disc but it could take any other shape adapted to the shape of the component 14 to be handled.
According to an improvement of this second embodiment, the first guide portion 40 includes, opposite the arbour hole for hand 15, an orifice 48 for receiving the axial end section of the arbour on which hand 15 will be mounted. Thus, when the user positions hand 15 in order to mount it on the arbour, he can exert pressure on hand 15 with tweezers 12 without directly abutting the end of the arbour.
Guide portions 40, 42 are formed here by hollows shapes, but they could also be made in the form of ribs delimiting complementary housings for portions of the component 14 to be handled.
Of course, guide portions 40, 42 can also be arranged on grasping surface 24 of the first embodiment.
Advantageously, at least one part of the electrostatic grasping surface 24 belongs to an added element 50, which is removably secured to first branch 16. According to the example embodiment shown, the added element 50 is formed by a plate of dielectric material, which is snap fitted to a plate 52 of dielectric material. Plate 52 is secured to the first branch 16 of tweezers 12, for example by bonding, and it comprises a housing that receives electrode 26. The added element 50 and plate 42 together form insulating envelope 30 which encloses electrode 26.
The advantage of the added element 50 is that it facilitates the changing of electrostatic grasping surface 24 and thus allows the use of an electrostatic grasping surface 24 whose raised portions 40, 42 are adapted to the component 14 to be grasped. Thus, if one wishes to handle silicon wheels, one only has to replace the added element 50 for hands 15 by an added element 50 fitted with portions 40, 42 that complement the wheel to be grasped.
According to a variant (not shown), insulating envelope 30 can be entirely secured in a removable manner to tweezers 12, which, if necessary, enables tweezers 12 to be used without the electrostatic grasping surface 24.
The operation of the grasping system according to the invention will now be described with reference to the second embodiment.
In order to grasp a silicon hand 15, the user moves electrostatic grasping surface 24 close to the support carrying hand 15, approximately aligning hand 15 with the first guide portion 40. Simultaneously, the user presses on pedal 38 to power electrode 26 and gradually increase the electrostatic attractive force until hand 15 is pressed against electrostatic grasping surface 24. Due to the attraction force and due to the appropriate shape of the first guide portion 40, hand 15 positions itself in a suitable manner in the first guide portion 40, such that the arbour hole thereof faces orifice 48.
The user then carries hand 15 with tweezers 12 to the timepiece in which it has to be assembled. The user then fits hand 15 onto the corresponding arbour of the timepiece by threading hand 15 onto the arbour until the free end of the arbour is accommodated in orifice 18 of electrostatic grasping surface 24.
When hand 15 is fitted, the user raises the pedal 38 which cancels the electrostatic attractive force and releases hand 15, the latter being in any event held on the arbour via its fit, similar to driving in.
The invention has been described with reference to tweezers 12 that comprise an electrostatic grasping surface 24 solely on the first branch 6. Of course, the second branch 18 of tweezers 12 could also include an electrostatic grasping surface 24 similar to that previously described. It could comprise guide portions 40, 42, different from those of the first branch 16, which would increase the number of components able to be grasped by electrostatic attraction using the same tweezers 12.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 06113848 | May 2006 | EP | regional |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2636971 | Delbrook | Apr 1953 | A |
| 3611842 | Skipper | Oct 1971 | A |
| 3638516 | Wondowski | Feb 1972 | A |
| 3980861 | Fukunaga | Sep 1976 | A |
| 4076028 | Simmons | Feb 1978 | A |
| 4213460 | Weiner | Jul 1980 | A |
| 5250046 | Lee | Oct 1993 | A |
| 6648389 | Frey et al. | Nov 2003 | B2 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 667839 | Nov 1988 | CH |
| 2206718 | Aug 1973 | DE |
| 2000-326242 | Nov 2000 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20080034924 A1 | Feb 2008 | US |
