Patent Application
20240421875
The following relates to wireless communication, including two stage machine learning based channel state feedback.
Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE).
The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support two stage machine learning based channel state feedback.
A method for wireless communications by a UE is described. The method may include selecting a non-Discrete Fourier Transform (non-DFT) codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message, determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook, compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model, and transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
A UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to select a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message, determine a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook, compress the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model, and transmit the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Another UE for wireless communications is described. The UE may include means for selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message, means for determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook, means for compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model, and means for transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to select a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message, determine a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook, compress the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model, and transmit the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode may be supported at the UE and where determining the set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook, compressing the non-DFT codebook, compressing the set of singular vectors, or a combination thereof may be based on the UE capability message.
Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving control signaling indicating a reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on a UE capability message and where transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, may be based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both may include operations, features, means, or instructions for jointly transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both may include operations, features, means, or instructions for separately transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based on the reporting configuration, determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration, and where transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook may be based on the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, and where transmitting the compressed set of singular vectors may be based on the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook may be different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook may be less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a radio resource control (RRC) message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving downlink control information (DCI) indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits and the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits.
In some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first quantity of bits may be greater than the second quantity of bits.
Some examples of the method, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a change in a parameter associated with the UE, where the parameter includes a speed associated with the UE, a location associated with the UE, an altitude associated with the UE, or a combination thereof and where transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, may be based on the change in the parameter associated with the UE.
Some examples of the method. UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the change in the parameter associated with the UE, receiving second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the first control signaling, and where transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, may be based on the adjusted periodicity.
A method for wireless communications by a network entity is described. The method may include transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both and receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
A network entity for wireless communications is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to transmit control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both and receive a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
Another network entity for wireless communications is described. The network entity may include means for transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both and means for receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a network entity is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to transmit control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both and receive a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode may be supported at the UE and where transmitting the control signaling indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, may be based on the UE capability message.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both may include operations, features, means, or instructions for jointly receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both may include operations, features, means, or instructions for separately receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based on the reporting configuration, determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration, and where the reporting configuration indicates the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook may be different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook may be less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a RRC message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a MAC-CE indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting control signaling may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting DCI indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits and the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits.
In some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first quantity of bits may be greater than the second quantity of bits.
Some examples of the method, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on a change in a parameter associated with a UE, transmitting second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the first control signaling, and where receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, may be based on the adjusted periodicity.
In a wireless communications system, a user equipment (UE) may support channel measurements to evaluate a state, such as quality, of the channel. In response to these measurements, the UE may generate channel state information (CSI) feedback by compressing a precoder channel matrix into a subspace. This involves generating a first set of vectors (e.g., W1) that define the subspace and compressing the precoder channel matrix onto it to obtain a lower-dimensional representation of the channel. The UE may apply singular value decomposition (SVD) to the compressed matrix, obtaining a set of right singular vectors (e.g., W2). These right singular vectors are quantized (i.e., mapped to discrete values) and transmitted to a network entity (e.g., a base station) as CSI feedback by the UE.
The network entity may utilize the CSI feedback to adjust various parameters, such as a precoding matrix, a modulation and coding scheme, to enhance a performance of the wireless communication system. In some cases, the UE may report both W1 and W2 to the network entity. However, reporting both W1 and W2 can result in a significant number of bits (e.g., 100 or more bits) transmitted as CSI feedback, leading to increased system latency and power consumption.
Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to enabling a UE to generate CSI feedback using one or more machine learning models. Specifically, the UE may use a non-Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) based codebook to compress the channel into a smaller sub-space prior to obtaining the right singular vectors (e.g., W2). In some examples, the UE may utilize machine learning techniques for periodic or aperiodic channel compression. For instance, the UE may compress the channel every 10 slots while determining changes or updates of the compressed channel for the remaining 9 slots. Additionally, the UE can employ machine learning to determine beam combinations without relying on a codebook, periodically updating these combinations.
In some examples, if the UE has low mobility or operates at a low Doppler frequency, the W1 vectors may change slowly over time and therefore require less frequent reporting. Consequently, the UE may more frequently report a relatively smaller W2 vector (e.g., 30-40 bits) and less frequently report a relatively larger W1 vector (e.g., 256 bits), with the reporting frequency of W1 being 1/10th of that for W2. This approach allows the UE to reduce the overall number of CSI feedback bits, leading to reduced latency and power consumption in the system.
Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to two stage machine learning based channel state feedback.
The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).
The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in
As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via a core network 130). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link), one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link), among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).
In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture), which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC), a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).
The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), service data adaption protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165, or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170). A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c. F1-u), and a DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that are in communication via such communication links.
In wireless communications systems (e.g., wireless communications system 100), infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). The one or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). IAB nodes 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by DUs 165 of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of an IAB node 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB nodes 104 may include DUs 165 that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB nodes 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., IAB nodes 104, DUs 165, CUs 160, RUs 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).
A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.
The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in
The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., an access link) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting,” “receiving,” or “communicating,” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).
Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1/(Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).
Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (STTIs)).
Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.
In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, the overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.
The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).
A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.
Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by transmitting device (e.g., a transmitting network entity 105, a transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a receiving network entity 105 or a receiving UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.
In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115). The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).
A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105), such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).
The wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or PDCP layer may be IP-based. An RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer also may implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, an RRC layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. A PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.
The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly via a communication link (e.g., a communication link 125, a D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions). In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received via a previous symbol in the slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.
In the wireless communications system 100, a UE 115 may select a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The UE 115 may determine a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The UE 115 may compress the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The UE 115 may transmit the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
The UE 115-a and the base station 140-a may communicate signaling over one or more channels (e.g., an uplink channel, a downlink channel, a feedback channel, etc.). For example, the base station 140-a may transmit downlink signaling to the UE 115-a via a downlink channel 205. The UE 115-a may transmit uplink signaling to the base station 140-a via an uplink channel 210. In the example of
The UE 115-a and the base station 140-a may determine CSI using an enhanced CSI procedure (e.g., an eType2 CSI procedure). For example, the UE 115-a and the base station 140-a may perform beamformed measurements, in which the base station 140-a may sense a channel (e.g., the downlink channel 205, the uplink channel 210) along a subspace (e.g., a subset of beams of a set of beams). The UE 115-a may compress the channel in the sensed subspace and may transmit the compressed channel to the base station 140-a. In some examples, the UE 115-a and the base station 140-a may perform non-beamformed sensing, in which the base station 140-a may sense the channel on each antenna port of the base station 140-a. The UE 115-a may use an oversampled DFT codebook to determine the subspace of beams W1 on which to project the channel. The UE 115-a may apply SVD to generate a set of right singular vectors W2 (e.g., after projecting the channel), and may transmit the right singular vectors W2 and DFT codebook information (e.g., W1) to the base station 140-a, for example, as part of the CSI feedback 225.
For non-beamformed sensing, the UE 115-a may receive a channel defined by a channel matrix Hin. The UE 115-a may project the channel matrix Hin onto the DFT codebook subspace W1 by multiplying the channel matrix Hin and the DFT codebook subspace W1. The UE 115-a may compress the projected channel by performing SVD to generate a set of left singular vectors U, a set of singular values S, and a set of right singular vectors V (e.g., W2). The UE 115-a may transmit both W1 and W2 (e.g., the subspace identification and the compressed channel or channel components in the subspace) to the base station 140-a as channel state feedback (e.g., the CSI feedback 225).
However, techniques based on DFT codebooks may require a significant number of bits. For instance, the CSI feedback 225 might utilize 10 or fewer bits to report W1, while it could involve over 100 bits to report W2 (e.g., in the case of rank 2 communications). In some cases, the UE 115-a may report both W1 and W2 simultaneously with each transmission of the CSI feedback 225 (e.g., during each slot). However, using the DFT codebook may lead to the omission of valuable information for wireless communications involving non-line-of-sight channels, resulting in lower communication quality. Alternatively, in some other cases, employing single-stage machine learning-based CSI feedback methods can account for non-line-of-sight channels while utilizing relatively fewer bits (e.g., around 100 bits) for the CSI feedback 225 (e.g., by avoiding the transmission of W1). Nonetheless, even with these techniques, the UE 115-a may still transmit information about the entire channel every time the CSI feedback 225 is reported, unnecessarily reducing efficiency.
Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to enabling the UE 115-a to perform two stage machine learning-based CSI feedback reporting. For example, the UE 115-a may use a non-DFT based codebook 230 to project the channel into a smaller subspace W1 before performing SVD and compressing the right singular vectors 235 using a machine learning model 240. The UE 115-a may learn the non-DFT codebook 230 using machine learning and may transmit the non-DFT codebook subspace W1 to the base station 140-a. For low mobility UEs (e.g., if the UE 115-a is a low speed or a low Doppler device), the projection codebook W1 may change slowly with time. The UE 115-a may accordingly transmit more complicated CSI feedback 225 for W1 than DFT codebook-based CSI feedback (e.g., approximately 256 bits), but may transmit W1 less frequently (e.g., 1/10th of the time CSI feedback 225 is reported) for low mobility users. The UE 115-a may additionally transmit fewer bits of CSI feedback 225 for W2 (e.g., approximately 30-40 bits), and may transmit W2 every time the CSI feedback 225 is reported. Accordingly, the UE 115-a may report fewer overall bits of CSI feedback 225 and may achieve a performance (e.g., a quality of communication) similar to DFT codebook-based CSI feedback and single stage machine learning-based CSI feedback procedures.
In some examples, a non-DFT codebook W1 may be a set of V-vectors (e.g., right singular vectors) of the observed channel, which the UE 115-a may transmit every quantity T slots (e.g., every 10 slots). The UE 115-a may report W2 as a change of the observed channel for the remaining slots (e.g., the remaining 9 slots). In some examples, W1 may be a combination of DFT beams (e.g., a subspace of a DFT codebook), which the UE 115-a may update every quantity T slots. The UE 115-a may project the channel onto the subspace defined by the set of vectors, which constitute W1 and generate the right singular vectors 235.
In some examples, the UE 115-a may report, to the base station 140-a, a capability of the UE 115-a to operate using a CSI feedback mode (e.g., an enhanced eType2 machine learning-based CSI feedback mode) as described herein. For example, the UE 115-a may transmit a capability message 215 to the base station 140-a (e.g., when the UE 115-a transitions from an idle mode to a connected mode upon connection with the base station 140-a). The base station 140-a may determine whether to configure the UE 115-a with enhanced eType2 ML-based CSI feedback (e.g., based on the capability message 215), and may transmit a reporting configuration 220 to the UE 115-a via a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE), or a downlink control information (DCI) message.
In some examples, the base station 140-a may configure the UE 115-a to transmit the CSI feedback 225 aperiodically. For example, the reporting configuration 220 may indicate for the UE 115-a to transmit one or both of compressed W1 and compressed W2 feedback aperiodically (e.g., separately or jointly). In some examples, the base station 140-a may configure the UE 115-a to transmit W1 and W2 periodically. For example, the reporting configuration 220 may indicate for the UE 115-a to transmit W1 at a first periodicity and W2 at a second periodicity (e.g., more frequently than W1).
In some examples, one or both of the UE 115-a and the base station 140-a may have one or more change of environment detectors (e.g., Doppler detectors) to determine changes in a speed of the UE 115-a. For example, if the UE 115-a transitions from lower speeds to higher speeds, the periodicity at which the UE 115-a transmits W1 may increase. The UE 115-a may accordingly transmit a request for the base station 140-a to change resource allocations for transmitting W1. In some examples, the base station 140-a may autonomously determine to reconfigure W1 and W2 feedback reporting.
In some examples, the UE 115-a may use more than one machine learning model 240 for two stage non-DFT codebook based CSI feedback. For example, the UE 115-a may use a first machine learning model 240 (e.g., or a neural network (NN)) for projection of the channel matrix onto the subspace. The UE 115-a may use a second machine learning model 240 (e.g., or a NN) to compress the CSI feedback 225. In some examples, the UE 115-a may use different NNs to compress each of W1 and W2.
A distribution of the channel projected onto the W1 subspace (e.g., between instances of W1 feedback) may change with time. Thus, a NN used to compress the W2 feedback may be trained carefully (e.g., to avoid overfitting to an instance of W1). In some examples, a NN used to compress the W1 feedback may be trained similarly to a machine learning model used for estimating the overall channel (e.g., as described with reference to single stage machine learning CSI feedback.
At 305, the UE 115-b may transmit a capability message to the base station 140-b. For example, the UE 115-b may transmit a capability message to the base station 140-b over an uplink channel, such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a combination thereof. The capability message may convey information about features, services, or technologies, or a combination thereof supported by the UE 115-b. For example, the capability message may be indicative of whether the UE 115-b supports a machine learning channel state information (CSI) feedback mode. In some examples, the capability message may enable provision of resources (e.g., time and frequency resources) or configurations (e.g., reporting configurations) for the UE 115-b by the base station 140-b based at least in part on the reported capabilities of the UE 115-b.
At 310, the base station 140-b may transmit control signaling to the UE 115-b. For example, the base station 140-b may transmit the control signaling to the UE 115-b over a downlink channel, such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a combination thereof. Examples of control signaling may include an RRC message, a MAC-CE, or a DCI, or a combination thereof. The base station 140-b may transmit the control signaling (e.g., an RRC message, a MAC-CE, or a DCI) to the UE 115-b, in response to (e.g., based at least in part on) the capability message. For example, the base station 140-b may receive the capability message from the UE 115-b and determine features, services, or technologies, or a combination thereof supported by the UE 115-b. In the example of
In response to (e.g., based at least in part on) the base station 140-b determining that the UE 115-b supports the machine learning CSI feedback mode (e.g., based at least in part on the capability message), the base station 140-b may determine a report configuration for the UE 115-b. The report configuration may convey information associated with reporting channel state feedback by the UE 115-b, such as conditions, triggers, and parameters that define when and how the UE 115-b may report channel state feedback (e.g., a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both) to the base station 140-b. Additionally, the report configuration may convey information associated with reporting channel state feedback by the UE 115-b, such as reporting intervals associated with the channel state feedback (e.g., a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both). The report configuration may enable the base station 140-b to receive relevant information from the UE 115-b for effective resource allocation and performance management (e.g., reduce power consumption, and the like).
At 315, the UE 115-b may select a non-DFT codebook for associated with reporting channel state feedback. For example, the UE 115-b may provide CSI feedback based at least in part on the selected non-DFT codebook. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-b may select the non-DFT codebook based at least in part on the UE 115-b supporting the machine learning CSI feedback mode. The non-DFT codebook may enable the UE 115-b to experience enhanced performance in terms of spatial multiplexing, interference suppression, and overall signal quality. The non-DFT codebook may also enable adaptive and advanced beamforming techniques to enhance wireless communication in complex propagation environments between the UE 115-b and the base station 140-b.
At 320, the UE 115-b may determine a set of singular vectors using (or based at least in part on) a first machine learning model. To determine the set of singular vectors, the UE 115-b may project a channel onto the non-DFT codebook using the first machine learning model and determine the set of singular vectors based at least in part on the projected channel. For example, the UE 115-b may project the channel onto the non-DFT codebook to determine a best representation of the channel using the non-DFT codebook's beamforming vectors or precoding matrices. By projecting the channel onto the non-DFT codebook, the UE 115-b may search to identify a combination of codebook elements that align the best with the channel's characteristics (e.g., the channel's spatial characteristics, such as the channel's fading coefficients and propagation conditions). In some examples, the set of singular vectors may correspond to a subspace of the non-DFT codebook.
At 325, the UE 115-b may compress channel state feedback. The UE 115-b may compress the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both to generate compressed CSI feedback. The UE 115-b may compress channel state feedback to reduce signaling overheard. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-b may compress channel state feedback to reduce power consumption associated with computational complexity during beamforming or precoding operation. By compressing the channel state feedback, the UE 115-b may obtain a compact representation of the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both without significantly compromising their effectiveness (e.g., usage).
In some examples, the UE 115-b may compress the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, using one or more second machine learning models. One or more of the first machine learning model or the second machine learning model may include a deep neural network (DNN) model, a reinforcement learning (RL) model, a support vector machines (SVM) model, a Gaussian model, or the like. In some example, the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model may be equivalent (e.g., the same). In some other examples, the first machine learning model may be different than the second machine learning model.
At 330, the UE 115-b may transmit CSI feedback to the base station 140-b. The UE 115-b may transmit the CSI feedback to the base station 140-b over an uplink channel, such as a PUCCH, a PUSCH, or a combination thereof. For example, the UE 115-b may report a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both, over the uplink channel. The UE 115-b may report the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on the report configuration. For example, the UE 115-b may jointly report the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the report configuration. Alternatively, the UE 115-b may separately report the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the report configuration.
The UE 115-b may report the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on a reporting interval of the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The reporting configuration may indicate one or more reporting intervals (e.g., periodicities) of the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both. For example, the UE 115-b may determine a first reporting interval (e.g., a first periodicity) for transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and a second reporting interval (e.g., a second periodicity) for transmitting the compressed set of singular vectors. In some examples, the first reporting interval may be different from (e.g., less than) the second reporting interval.
As described herein, the CSI feedback may include a quantity of bits. In some examples, different channel state feedback may have fewer bits than others due to several reasons related to feedback overhead. For example, the compressed non-DFT codebook may include a first quantity of bits, while the compressed set of singular vectors may include a second quantity of bits different from (e.g., less than) the first quantity of bits.
In some examples, the UE 115-b or the base station 140-b may determine a change in a parameter of the UE 115-b (e.g., a speed, a geographic location, and/or an altitude of the UE 115-b). The base station 140-b may transmit control signaling to the UE 115-b indicating an adjusted reporting interval (e.g., a periodicity) for reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed singular vectors, or both. In some examples, the base station 140-b may transmit the control signaling to the UE 115-b in response to receiving the control signaling from the UE 115-b indicating a request to change the reporting interval (e.g., the periodicity) based at least in part on the change in the parameter. In some examples, the base station 140-b may transmit the control signaling autonomously (e.g., based on the change in the parameter). The UE 115-b may transmit the compressed CSI feedback including the compressed set of singular vectors, the compressed non-DFT codebook, or both using the adjusted periodicity.
The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).
Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).
In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., the device 405) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting a non-Discrete Fourier Transform (non-DFT) codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption.
The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a codebook component 525, a vector component 530, a compression component 535, a feedback component 540, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., the device 505) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The codebook component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The vector component 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The compression component 535 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The feedback component 540 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications at a UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The codebook component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The vector component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The compression component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, the capability component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE. In some examples, the vector component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining the set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook, compressing the non-DFT codebook, compressing the set of singular vectors, or a combination thereof, based on the UE capability message.
In some examples, the configuration component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving control signaling indicating a reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on a UE capability message. In some examples, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples, to support transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for jointly transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples, to support transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for separately transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples, the rate component 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based on the reporting configuration. In some examples, the rate component 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration. In some examples, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook based on the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, and transmitting the compressed set of singular vectors based on the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the configuration component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an RRC message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the configuration component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a MAC-CE indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling, the configuration component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving DCI indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits. In some examples, the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits. In some examples, the first quantity of bits is greater than the second quantity of bits.
In some examples, the parameter component 655 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a change in a parameter associated with the UE, where the parameter includes a speed associated with the UE, a location associated with the UE, an altitude associated with the UE, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the change in the parameter associated with the UE.
In some examples, the rate component 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the change in the parameter associated with the UE. In some examples, the rate component 660 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the first control signaling. In some examples, the feedback component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the adjusted periodicity.
The I/O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I/O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I/O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I/O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I/O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller 710.
In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna 725. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna 725, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 725, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of a transmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The at least one memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 735 including instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may contain, among other things, a basic I/O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
The at least one processor 740 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., the device 705) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for reduced power consumption.
In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
The receiver 810 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I/Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. In some examples, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
The transmitter 815 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I/Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 815 and the receiver 810 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).
Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).
In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications at a network entity (e.g., the device 805) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption.
The receiver 910 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I/Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I/Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a configuration component 925 a feedback component 930, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications at a network entity (e.g., the device 905) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The feedback component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications at a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The feedback component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
In some examples, the capability component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE. In some examples, the configuration component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the control signaling indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the UE capability message.
In some examples, to support receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, the feedback component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for jointly receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples, to support receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, the feedback component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for separately receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration.
In some examples, the rate component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based on the reporting configuration. In some examples, the rate component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based on the reporting configuration. In some examples, the reporting configuration indicates the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors. In some examples, the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
In some examples, to support transmitting control signaling, the configuration component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an RRC message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, to support transmitting control signaling, the configuration component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a MAC-CE indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, to support transmitting control signaling, the configuration component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting DCI indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
In some examples, the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits. In some examples, the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits. In some examples, the first quantity of bits is greater than the second quantity of bits.
In some examples, the rate component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on a change in a parameter associated with a UE. In some examples, the rate component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the first control signaling. In some examples, the feedback component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the adjusted periodicity.
The transceiver 1110 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1105 may include one or more antennas 1115, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver 1110 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1115, by a wired transmitter), to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1115, from a wired receiver), and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1105. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., a communication link 125, a backhaul communication link 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168).
The at least one memory 1125 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1125 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1130 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1135, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1130 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1130 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1135 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1125 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1125 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system).
The at least one processor 1135 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 1135 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1135. The at least one processor 1135 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1125) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting two stage machine learning based channel state feedback). For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1135 and at least one memory 1125 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1135 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1130) to perform the functions of the device 1105. The at least one processor 1135 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1105 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1125). In some implementations, the at least one processor 1135 may be a component of a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to a system or series of machines or components that receives inputs and processes the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed to other systems or components of, for example, the device 1105). For example, a processing system of the device 1105 may refer to a system including the various other components or subcomponents of the device 1105, such as the at least one processor 1135, or the transceiver 1110, or the communications manager 1120, or other components or combinations of components of the device 1105. The processing system of the device 1105 may interface with other components of the device 1105, and may process information received from other components (such as inputs or signals) or output information to other components.
For example, a chip or modem of the device 1105 may include a processing system and one or more interfaces to output information, or to obtain information, or both. The one or more interfaces may be implemented as or otherwise include a first interface configured to output information and a second interface configured to obtain information, or a same interface configured to output information and to obtain information, among other implementations. In some implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a transmitter, such that the device 1105 may transmit information output from the chip or modem. Additionally, or alternatively, in some implementations, the one or more interfaces may refer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the device 1105 may obtain information or signal inputs, and the information may be passed to the processing system. A person having ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that a first interface also may obtain information or signal inputs, and a second interface also may output information or signal outputs.
In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1105, or between different components of the device 1105 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1105 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1120, the transceiver 1110, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, and the at least one processor 1135 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components).
In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communications manager 1120 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage communications with other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other network entities 105. In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may support an X2 interface within an LTE/LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications at a network entity (e.g., the device 1105) in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for reduced power consumption.
In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1110, the one or more antennas 1115 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1110, one or more of the at least one processor 1135, one or more of the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof). For example, the code 1130 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1135 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of two stage machine learning based channel state feedback as described herein, or the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
At 1205, the method may include selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The operations of block 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a codebook component 625 as described with reference to
At 1210, the method may include determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook. The operations of block 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a vector component 630 as described with reference to
At 1215, the method may include compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The operations of block 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a compression component 635 as described with reference to
At 1220, the method may include transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The operations of block 1220 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1220 may be performed by a feedback component 640 as described with reference to
At 1305, the method may include selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message. The operations of block 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a codebook component 625 as described with reference to
At 1310, the method may include transmitting a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE. The operations of block 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a capability component 645 as described with reference to
At 1315, the method may include determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based on a first machine learning model, where the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook and is based on the UE capability message. The operations of block 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a vector component 630 as described with reference to
At 1320, the method may include compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based on a second machine learning model. The operations of block 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by a compression component 635 as described with reference to
At 1325, the method may include transmitting the channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The operations of block 1325 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1325 may be performed by a feedback component 640 as described with reference to
At 1405, the method may include transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both. The operations of block 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a configuration component 1025 as described with reference to
At 1410, the method may include receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration. The operations of block 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a feedback component 1030 as described with reference to
At 1505, the method may include receiving a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE. The operations of block 1505 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by a capability component 1035 as described with reference to
At 1510, the method may include transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the UE capability message. The operations of block 1510 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by a configuration component 1025 as described with reference to
At 1515, the method may include receiving a channel state feedback message including the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based on the channel state feedback reporting configuration. The operations of block 1515 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by a feedback component 1030 as described with reference to
The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications by a UE, comprising: selecting a non-DFT codebook of a set of non-DFT codebooks associated with a channel state feedback message; determining a set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook based at least in part on a first machine learning model, wherein the set of singular vectors corresponds to a subspace associated with the non-DFT codebook; compressing the non-DFT codebook, the set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on a second machine learning model; and transmitting the channel state feedback message comprising the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: transmitting a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE, wherein determining the set of singular vectors associated with the non-DFT codebook, compressing the non-DFT codebook, compressing the set of singular vectors, or a combination thereof is based at least in part on the UE capability message.
Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, further comprising: receiving control signaling indicating a reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on a UE capability message, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, is based at least in part on the reporting configuration.
Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, comprises: jointly transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration.
Aspect 5: The method of aspect 3, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, comprises: separately transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration.
Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 3 through 5, further comprising: determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based at least in part on the reporting configuration; and determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook is based at least in part on the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, and wherein transmitting the compressed set of singular vectors is based at least in part on the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 3 through 8, wherein receiving the control signaling comprises: receiving an RRC message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 3 through 8, wherein receiving the control signaling comprises: receiving a MAC-CE indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 3 through 8, wherein receiving the control signaling comprises: receiving DCI indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, wherein the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits, and the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits.
Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the first quantity of bits is greater than the second quantity of bits.
Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, further comprising: determining a change in a parameter associated with the UE, wherein the parameter comprises a speed associated with the UE, a location associated with the UE, an altitude associated with the UE, or a combination thereof, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, is based at least in part on the change in the parameter associated with the UE.
Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, further comprising: transmitting first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on the change in the parameter associated with the UE; and receiving second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on the first control signaling, wherein transmitting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, is based at least in part on the adjusted periodicity.
Aspect 16: A method for wireless communications by a network entity, comprising: transmitting control signaling indicating a channel state feedback reporting configuration associated with a compressed non-DFT codebook, a compressed set of singular vectors, or both; and receiving a channel state feedback message comprising the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on the channel state feedback reporting configuration.
Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, further comprising: receiving a UE capability message indicating that a machine learning feedback mode is supported at the UE, wherein transmitting the control signaling indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, is based at least in part on the UE capability message.
Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 16 through 17, wherein receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, comprises: jointly receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration.
Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 16 through 17, wherein receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, comprises: separately receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook and the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration.
Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 16 through 19, further comprising: determining a first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook based at least in part on the reporting configuration; and determining a second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors based at least in part on the reporting configuration, wherein the reporting configuration indicates the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is different than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
Aspect 22: The method of aspect 21, wherein the first periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook is less than the second periodicity associated with reporting the compressed set of singular vectors.
Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 16 through 22, wherein transmitting control signaling comprises: transmitting a RRC message indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 16 through 22, wherein transmitting control signaling comprises: transmitting a MAC-CE indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 16 through 22, wherein transmitting control signaling comprises: transmitting DCI indicating the reporting configuration associated with the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both.
Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 16 through 25, wherein the compressed non-DFT codebook corresponds to a first quantity of bits, and the compressed set of singular vectors correspond to a second quantity of bits different than the first quantity of bits.
Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein the first quantity of bits is greater than the second quantity of bits.
Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 16 through 27, further comprising: receiving first control signaling indicating a request to adjust a periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on a change in a parameter associated with a UE; and transmitting second control signaling indicating an adjusted periodicity associated with reporting the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, based at least in part on the first control signaling, wherein receiving the compressed non-DFT codebook, the compressed set of singular vectors, or both, is based at least in part on the adjusted periodicity.
Aspect 29: A UE for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.
Aspect 30: A UE for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.
Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.
Aspect 32: A network entity for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.
Aspect 33: A network entity for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.
Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a network entity, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.
It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.”
As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components,” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.”
The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.
The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
