Patent Application
20170284973
Ultrasonic testing may be performed for detection of defects in a part (e.g., tubes, bars, etc.). Ultrasonic testing is a form of non-destructive testing, in which one or more properties of a par (e.g., cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, wall thickness, etc.) may be evaluated without causing damage to the part material. Ultrasonic testing typically involves directing an ultrasonic wave into the part from a first location, and receiving either a reflected wave back at the first location, or an attenuated wave at a second location. Based on the characteristics of the received wave (e.g., reflected wave, attenuated wave, etc.), the properties of the part can be determined.
In applications related to tube mills, drill pipes, casings, etc., existing inspection systems can test a portion (e.g., a central region) of a tube to examine for defects. While existing inspection systems are capable of inspecting the central region of the part, such inspection systems have been unable to and/or had difficulty with inspecting end regions of the part. In some applications, these end regions have lengths of about 50 millimeters to about 150 millimeters. To address this issue, the uninspected end regions have either been removed (e.g., via cutting off the end regions) or additional testing equipment has been purchased to inspect the end regions. These aforementioned solutions are both inefficient and costly,
The following brief description presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the system and/or method discussed herein. This brief description is not an extensive overview of the system and/or method discussed herein. It is not intended to identify key/critical elements or to delineate the scope of such system and/or method. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
In accordance with one aspect, an inspection system for performing an inspection of an end region of a part is provided. The inspection system comprises a robotic assembly positioned along a side of the part. The inspection system comprises an ultrasonic probe coupled to the robotic assembly and positioned in proximity to the end region of the part. The ultrasonic probe is configured to be moved by the robotic assembly along a path to inspect the end region of the part. During the inspection, the ultrasonic probe is configured to transmit a signal towards the end region of the part, and receive a reflected signal from the end region of the part.
In accordance with another aspect, an inspection system for performing an inspection of an end region of a part is provided. The inspection system comprises a robotic assembly positioned along a side of the part. The inspection system comprises an ultrasonic probe coupled to the robotic assembly and positioned in proximity to the end region of the part. The ultrasonic probe is configured to be moved by the robotic assembly along a plurality of axes with respect to the end region of the part. An angle of inclination of the ultrasonic probe with respect to the end region of the part is configured to be adjusted by the robotic assembly. During the inspection, the ultrasonic probe is configured to receive a reflected signal from the end region of the part.
In accordance with another aspect, an inspection system for performing an inspection of a part that has a body and an end region is provided. The inspection system comprises a robotic assembly positioned along a side of the part. The inspection system comprises an ultrasonic probe coupled to the robotic assembly and selectably positionable in proximity to the body and the end region of the part. The ultrasonic probe is configured to be moved by the robotic assembly along a path to inspect the body and the end region of the part. The ultrasonic probe is configured to, during a portion of the inspection associated with the body, transmit a signal within the body of the part, and receive a reflected signal from within the body of the part. The ultrasonic probe is configured to, during a portion of the inspection associated with the end region, transmit a signal towards the end region of the part, and receive a reflected signal from the end region of the part.
The foregoing and other aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the subject matter disclosed herein relates upon reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Example embodiments that incorporate one or more aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein are described and illustrated in the drawings. These illustrated examples are not intended to be a limitation on the subject matter disclosed herein. For example, one or more aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein can be utilized in other embodiments and even other types of devices.
In the oil and gas industry, it may be sometimes beneficial to conduct a non-destructive inspection of a part. For example, the part may be associated with drill pipes, casings, machines installed in seamless tube mills, etc. During the inspection, the part may be inspected for defects, such as cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, etc. It is beneficial to inspect not only the body of the part e.g., a region located a distance from end regions of the part), but also end regions of the part. The end regions may comprise, for example, a region having a length of about 50 millimeters to about 150 millimeters located at one or both ends of the part. So as a brief prelude, embodiments of the present disclosure can provide a single system for inspecting both the body and the end regions. Other embodiments are within the scope of the disclosed subject matter.
An inspection system may include a robotic assembly that supports an ultrasonic probe. The robotic assembly can be positioned along a side of the part in proximity to the end region of the part. The robotic assembly can move the ultrasonic probe, such that the ultrasonic probe can conduct a non-destructive inspection of the end region of the part. As such, the part, including both the body and the end regions, can be inspected for defects, such as cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, wall thickness, etc.
In an example, the part 14 (e.g., a tube, a bar, etc.) may include an elongated, hollow structure that extends between opposing ends along a linear or non-linear axis. In some examples, the part 14 may have a cross-sectional shape that is at least partially rounded, such as by having a circular cross-sectional shape, an oval cross-sectional shape, etc. In other examples, the part 14 can have a cross-sectional shape with one or more substantially flat walls, such as by having a quadrilateral (e.g., square, rectangular, etc.) cross-sectional shape, or the like. The illustrated part 14 of
The inspection system 10 can be positioned along a side of the part 14. In this example, the inspection system 10 may be positioned along an outer radial side of the part 14 at an exterior of the part. In an example, the inspection system 10 can perform a non-destructive inspection of the part 14 without a need for a second inspection system. For example, the inspection system 10 can perform the non-destructive inspection without the need for a second inspection system positioned within the hollow bore of the part 14 at an inner radial side. As such, the inspection of the part 14 can be performed by the inspection system 10 along only one side of the part 14. in the illustrated example, the inspection system 10 can be located adjacent to the end region 12 of the part 14, such that the inspection system 10 can perform the inspection of the end region 12 of the part 14.
The single inspection system 10 can accommodate for aspects that are different at the end region 12 of the part 14 than the remainder of the part 14. In an example, the inspection system 10 can be provided for inspection both the end region 12 of the part 14, and the remainder of the part 14 (e.g., a central region of the part 14), without the need to use two different inspection systems.
The inspection system 10 may include a robotic assembly 20. it is to be appreciated that
The inspection system 10 may include an ultrasonic probe 24. The ultrasonic probe 24 can be coupled to the robotic assembly 20. For example, the ultrasonic probe 24 can be coupled to one of the arms 22 of the robotic assembly 20. The ultrasonic probe 24 can be coupled to one of the arms 22 in any number of ways, such as by mechanical fasteners (e.g., screws, bolts), welding, locking structures, etc. During an inspection, the ultrasonic probe 24 can be positioned in proximity to a surface 26 of the end region 12 of the part 14.
In an example, the ultrasonic probe 24 may include a phased array probe. It is to be appreciated that different types of probes can be used, The type of probe should not be considered to be a limitation. In one, non-limiting example, a phased array two-dimensional matrix probe could be used. In another, non-limiting example, a one-dimensional matrix probe could be used. In such an example, the phased array ultrasonic probe 24 may include a transducer assembly having a plurality of individual probe elements that can be pulsed separately. The probe elements can be arranged in a strip (e.g., a linear array), a ring (e.g., an annular array), a circular matrix (e.g., a circular array), or other shapes. In some examples, the phased array ultrasonic probe 24 may be designed for direct contact with the surface 26 of the end region 12 of the part 14. In other examples, the phased array ultrasonic probe 24 may be designed for use with a coupling fluid that is located between the phased array ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface 26 of the end region 12 of the part 14.
In an example operation, the probe elements of the phased array ultrasonic probe 24 can be pulsed at different times, which may cause a plurality of waves to be emitted from the ultrasonic probe 24. These waves can combine into a single wave (e.g., a signal), which is directed through the surface 26 and into the end region 12 of the part 14. The signal can reflect off defects, such as cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, back walls, etc., in the end region 12 of the part 14. The signal can be steered through various angles, focal distances, focal depths, and focal spot sizes such that the ultrasonic probe 24 can examine a location of the end region 12 of the part 14 across a range of different perspectives.
The phased array ultrasonic probe 24 can receive a reflected signal from the end region 12 of the part 14. For example, the reflected signal (e.g., reflections of the individual waves) can be received by the probe elements of the ultrasonic probe 24. The phased array ultrasonic probe 24 can spatially sort the reflected signal according to the arrival time, amplitude, etc. at each of the probe elements. Ultrasound electronics can then process the reflected signal and display an image of the end region 12 of the part 14.
To perform an inspection of different portions of the end region 12, the ultrasonic probe 24 is configured to be moved by the robotic assembly 20. In an example, the arms 22 can be moved so as to cause the ultrasonic probe 24 to be moved about a plurality of axes 28. In some examples, an angle of inclination 30 of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14 is configured to be adjusted by the robotic assembly 20.
A path along which the ultrasonic probe 24 is moved may or may not be pre-programmed. For example, depending on the geometry of the end region 12 of the part 14, a path along which the ultrasonic probe 24 is moved by the robotic assembly 20 is pre-programmed. During inspection, the robotic assembly 20 can move the ultrasonic probe 24 along the pre-programmed path. In another example, the path along which the ultrasonic probe 24 is moved may not be pre-programmed. In such an example, the robotic assembly 20 can move the ultrasonic probe 24 based on the geometry of the end region 12 of the part 14. During inspection, the robotic assembly 20 and the ultrasonic probe 24 may adapt to a geometry of the end region 12 of the part 14.
The inspection system 10 may include a fluid delivery structure 34. The fluid delivery structure 34 can deliver a fluid to the end region 12 of the part 14. In some examples, the fluid may include water, oils, creams, gels, etc. The fluid delivery structure 34 may include one or more structures and/or components that are associated with the delivery of fluid. For example, the fluid delivery structure 34 may include one or more of a nozzle, a water delivery conduit (e.g., a hose, a channel, a tube, a pipe, etc.), a device for controlling a passage of the fluid (e.g., a valve), etc.
The fluid delivery structure 34 can be coupled to the robotic assembly 20. It will be appreciated that the fluid delivery structure 34 illustrated in
The fluid delivered by the fluid delivery structure 34 can improve the inspection of the end region 12 of the part 14 performed by the ultrasonic probe 24. For example, the fluid can be delivered to a location between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface 26 of the end region 12. The fluid can facilitate transmission of ultrasonic signals from the ultrasonic probe 24 to the part 14 and from the part 14 to the ultrasonic probe 24. The fluid can therefore reduce any air gaps and/or the size of air gaps between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface 26 of the part 14 that would otherwise interfere with the transmission of the ultrasonic signals.
In an example, there can be relative movement between the part 14 and the inspection system 10. For example, the part 14 can be moved relative to the inspection system 10 along one or more directions. In one possible example, the part 14 can be moved along the elongation direction of the part 14. In another example, the part 14 can be moved, relative to the inspection system 10, rotationally about the elongation direction of the part 14. In yet another example, the part 14 can be moved in a direction that is at an angle with respect to the elongation direction of the part 14, such as by being moved closer to the inspection system 10, further away from the inspection system 10, etc.
In some examples, the inspection system 10 can be moved with respect to the part 14 along one or more directions. For example, the inspection system 10 can be moved parallel to the elongation direction of the part 14. In another example, the inspection system 10 can be moved rotationally about the elongation direction of the part 14. In yet another example, the inspection system 10 can be moved in a direction that is at an angle with respect to the elongation direction of the part 14, such as by being moved closer to the part 14, further away from the part 14, etc.
Turning to
The processor 52 of the control unit 50 may include a central processing unit (CPU), such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. In an example, the processor 52 can include state machine circuitry or other electronic components that are capable of receiving inputs from one or more components (e.g., the drive circuitry 56, etc.).
The memory 54 of the control unit 50 can store one or more computer programs or executable instructions, such as instructions for operating the robotic assembly 20, for performing an ultrasonic scan with the ultrasonic probe 24, a pre-programmed path along which the ultrasonic probe 24 is to be moved with respect to the part 14, geometry information, position information, etc. The memory 54 may include volatile and/or non-volatile memory and can be used for storage of software and/or firmware instructions.
The drive circuitry 56 of the control unit 50 can control one or more of the robotic assembly 20, the ultrasonic probe 24, etc. In an example, one or more components of the control unit 50 (e.g., the processor 52, the memory 54, the drive circuitry 56, etc.) can be coupled together with a bus. In an example, one or more components of the control unit 50 (e.g., the processor 52, the memory 54, the drive circuitry 56, etc.) may be contained in an integrated circuit or other component.
The control unit 50 can receive and/or store geometry information 60. In an example, the geometry information 60 may be related to one or more dimensional characteristics (e.g., size, location, and/or shape) of the part 14, the end region 12 of the part 14, etc. The geometry information 60 may include, for example, dimensions (e.g., a cross-sectional size of the part 14, a length of the part 14 and/or the end region 12, etc.), contours (e.g., channels, grooves, undulations, projections, etc. of the part 14 and/or the end region 12), location of the part 14 and/or the end region 12 with respect to the inspection system 10, etc, In an example, the control unit 50 can receive the geometry information 60 of the part 14 through a user inputting (e.g., via a terminal, a computer, etc.) the geometry information 60 to the control unit 50. In another example, the geometry information 60 can be obtained via a sensing/detection device, such as a camera, a sensor, or the like.
The inspection system 10 may include a robot controller 62. The robot controller 62 can be coupled to the robotic assembly 20, so as to control a movement, a position, etc. of the robotic assembly 20. In an example, the robot controller 62 can include a motor drive circuit that operates the motor(s) of the robotic assembly 20. As an example, the robot controller 62 can receive a path command 64 from the control unit 50. The path command 64 can include instructions and/or a command for movement of the robotic assembly 20. In some examples, the robot controller 62 can include a sensor that detects a position of the robotic assembly 20. The robot controller 62 can transmit position feedback 66 of the robotic assembly 20 to the control unit 50. The position feedback 66 may include, for example, a position of the robotic assembly 20 with respect to the part 14, a position of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the part 14, a position of the fluid delivery structure 34 with respect to the part 14, etc.
The robot controller 62 can control the robotic assembly 20. For example, the robot controller 62 can transmit a robot control signal 68 to the robotic assembly 20, to cause movement of the robotic assembly 20 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14, movement of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14, functionality of the fluid delivery structure 34, etc. In an example, the robot control signal 68 can trigger the robotic assembly 20 to move the ultrasonic probe 24 along the path with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. The robot control signal 68 can likewise trigger the fluid delivery structure 34 to deliver the fluid to the end region 12 of the part 14.
The robotic assembly 20 can control the ultrasonic probe 24. In an example, the robotic assembly 20 can cause the ultrasonic probe 24 to move (e.g., via a probe control signal 70), such as by adjusting the angle of inclination of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. Likewise, in these examples, the robotic assembly 20 can move the ultrasonic probe 24 along the path to inspect the end region 12 of the part 14.
The ultrasonic probe 24 can communicate with the control unit 50. In an example, the control unit 50 can selectively trigger the ultrasonic probe 24 via a transmit/receive signal 72 to transmit a signal towards the end region 12 of the part 14. After transmitting the signal, the ultrasonic probe 24 can receive the reflected signal from the end region 12 of the part 14. In an example, the reflected signal can reflect off of a defect within the end region 12, such as cracks, deformities, weaknesses, tube wall changes, etc. After receiving the reflected signal, the ultrasonic probe 24 can transmit the reflected signal 72 to the control unit 50. In some examples, the control unit 50 may include ultrasound electronics for processing the reflected signal and converting the reflected signal into an image of the end region 12.
In a possible example, the inspection system 10 may include a sensor 74 for sensing a position of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. The sensor 74 can include any number of different position sensors. The sensor 74 can sense the position of the ultrasonic probe 24, and transmit the position as geometry information 76 to the control unit 50.
The control unit 50 can therefore receive feedback (e.g., via the geometry information 76) related to the position of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. Based on this feedback, the control unit 50 can determine a desired position of the ultrasonic probe 24. The control unit 50 can transmit the path command 64 to the robot controller 62 to cause the robotic assembly 20 and, thus, the ultrasonic probe 24 to move with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14.
One aspect of the disclosed content is to harmonize: the position of the ultrasonic probe 24, the geometry of the part 14 and thus the setting of the inspection system 10. This harmonization can be done via setting of logic within the control unit 50. For example, such can be done via a programmable logic controller (PLC) within the control unit 50. The setting can be accomplished via having a protocol between the PLC and the inspection system 24, allowing the PLC to select to either: a) parametrize the inspection system based on geometry and position information or b) select an appropriate ultrasonic shot within a plurality of predefined settings within the inspection system. Alternatively, the inspection system could be connected to the PLC via a protocol to a) parametrize the PLC to drive the ultrasonic probe to a given position or b) select a position within the plurality of potential positions within the PLC function.
Turning to
The method 100 includes a step 104 of moving the ultrasonic probe 24, which is coupled to the robotic assembly 20, along a path with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. In a possible example, the path may include a pre-programmed path, which may be determined prior to the inspection. In another example, the path may not be pre-programmed, such that the path can be adapted/generated during the inspection based, in part, on the geometry of the end region 12 of the part 14.
The method 100 includes a step 106 of adjusting the angle of inclination 30 of the ultrasonic probe 24 with respect to the end region 12 of the part 14. In an example, the robotic assembly 20 can adjust the angle of inclination 30 of the ultrasonic probe 24. By adjusting the angle of inclination 30, the ultrasonic probe 24 can transmit signals towards the part 14 at a variety of different angles so as to inspect a larger area of the end region 12.
The method 100 includes a step 108 of transmitting a signal from the ultrasonic probe 24 towards the end region 12 of the part 14. In an example, the ultrasonic probe 24 may include a phased array probe. Probe elements of the ultrasonic probe 24 can be pulsed at different times, which may cause a plurality of waves to be emitted from the ultrasonic probe 24. These waves can combine into a single wave, which is transmitted through the surface 26 and into the end region 12.
The method 100 includes a step 110 of receiving a reflected signal by the ultrasonic probe 24 from the end region 12 of the part 14. In an example, the reflected signal may be indicative of a characteristic within the end region 12 of the part 14. The signal from the ultrasonic probe 24 reflect off a defect or a feature of within the end region 12 of the part 14, including, for example, cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, back walls, etc. This reflected signal can be received by the ultrasonic probe 24 and transmitted (e.g., via signal 72) to the control unit 50. The control unit 50 can then process the reflected signal and, in some examples, generate an image of the end region 12 of the part 14. In an example, the reflected signal may be indicative of a characteristic within the end region 12, such as one or more of cracks, tube wall changes, deformities, weaknesses, back walls, thicknesses, etc.
Focusing back to the portion of the part 14 that is located at/adjacent to the end 16 of the part, it is to be appreciated that the part 14 can have complex surfaces, contours, thicknesses, junctions, etc. As one example, for an example part that is a tube or pipe, the portion of the part 14 that is located at/adjacent to the end 16 of the part can have an outer diameter that is different (e.g., greater) than an outer diameter of a remainder of the part 14. As another example, for the example part that is a tube or pipe, the portion of the part 14 that is located at/adjacent to the end 16 of the part can have an inner diameter that is different (e.g., smaller) than an outer diameter of a remainder of the part. As another example, for the example part that is a tube or pipe, the portion of the part 14 that is located at/adjacent to the end 16 of the part can have radial thickness that is different (e.g., greater) than a radial thickness of a remainder of the part. As another example, for the example part that is a tube or pipe, a transition junction 100 may be present between the portion of the part 14 that is located at/adjacent to the end 16 of the part and a remainder of the part. The transition junction 100 may include progressive changes in diameter(s) (inner and/or outer) and/or radial thickness. Still further, other complexities, contours, etc. may be present.
As can be appreciated such complexities, contours, etc. can provide challenges concerning inspection of such an example part 14. However, in accordance with an example aspect of the present disclosure, ultrasonic beam steering and/or focusing may be employed by the example inspection system 10. Such beam steering and/or focusing can be dependent upon geometry and position of the ultrasonic probe 24 relative to the example part 14 and the complexities, contours, etc. thereof. It is further, possible in accordance with another example aspect of the present disclosure, the ultrasonic beam steering and/or focusing may be accomplished via a sensing of such complexities, contours, etc. by the inspection system 10.
The second example position 104 is such that the ultrasonic probe 24 may be adjacent to the transition junction 100 to the portion adjacent to the end 16 from the remainder of the part. The wall thickness is changed along this transition junction 100. Also, the outer and inner diameters are changed. Still further, there may be abrupt changes at the ends of the transition junction 100. As can be seen within
The third example position 106 is such that the ultrasonic probe 24 is adjacent to a portion adjacent to the end 16. A wall thickness may be greater than a thickness at the remainder of the part 14. Also, the thickness is generally uniform. As such, with the shown example, a flat ultrasonic waveform 107 is being employed (i.e., transmitted from the probe 24).
The fourth example position 108 is such that the ultrasonic probe 24 is near to the end 16 of the part 14. As can be seen within
The example inspection system 10 as described herein is beneficial in a number of ways. For example, the inspection system 10 can provide for an inspection of the end region 12 of the part 14. In the past, inspections by inspection systems were generally limited to body/central portions of a part that were spaced a distance apart from ends of the part. However, in the illustrated examples, the inspection system 10 can perform an inspection adjacent to the end 16 of the part 14, with the end regions having a length of between about 50 millimeters to about 150 millimeters.
Another benefit of the inspection system 10 is that the robotic assembly 20 may include the fluid delivery structure 34. The fluid delivery structure 34 can deliver the coupling fluid to the end region 12 of the part 14 between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface 26. As such, the fluid delivery structure 34 allows for fluid coupling between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface 26, thus improving the propagation of waves from the ultrasonic probe 24, through the coupling fluid, and to the part 14, and from the part 14, through the coupling fluid, and to the ultrasonic probe 24. With the fluid delivery structure 34 provided, the inspection system 10 no longer requires an immersion tank for conducting an inspection of the part 14. Indeed, in some existing designs, an immersion tank was used for immersing the part 14 so as to improve inspection capability.
Yet another benefit of the inspection system 10 is that the robotic assembly 20 can be positioned along a side of the part 14. Indeed, as illustrated in
The subject matter disclosed herein has been described with reference to the example embodiments described above. Modifications and alterations will occur to others upon a reading and understanding of this specification. Example embodiments incorporating one or more aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein are intended to include all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims.
The present application is a non-provisional application and claims benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/316,895, which is incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62316895 | Apr 2016 | US |
