This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-150233, filed on 23 May, 2005; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and particularly to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus having a function to reduce noise of an image generated by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and an image processing method of the same.
In an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, an ultrasonic pulse wave is transmitted into a human body, an echo signal which is reflected due to the existence of a difference in acoustic impedance between living tissues is received, the intensity of the echo signal is imaged, and the tissue shape or the like in the human body can be seen.
The echo signal includes noises due to various causes, and when the amount of the noises is large, the diagnosis is hindered. Thus, it is an important problem to reduce the noise. That is, it is an important problem to improve a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Among various noises, with respect to a random noise having low auto-correlation, the S/N ratio can be improved by adding plural signals. This is based on the principle that when n signals are added, although a primary signal component (reflected signal from a living body) having high auto-correlation is increased by a factor of n, a random noise is merely increased by a factor of −n as an expected value.
Accordingly, when signals of plural time phases are added from among time-series signals obtained by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, the S/N ratio can be improved.
However, this method is not effective unless an object exists at the same position in the plural time phases. That is, in the case where the object moves, this method can not be used.
On the other hand, JP-A-10-118061 or JP-A-2001-170047 discloses a method in which with respect to a periodically moving object to be tested, plural image frames in which movements have the same phase are added.
When the noise of an image obtained by the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is large, the diagnosis is hindered. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio), a method is conceivable in which plural signals are added, however, there is no effect in the case where an object moves.
Besides, in the method in which with respect to the periodically moving object to be tested, plural image frames having the same phase in the movement are added, it is necessary that the object is in periodic motion, and this method can not be used for a nonperiodically moving object. Further, a memory for holding image data in one period or more is needed, and image frames having the same phase need to be made to correspond to each other.
Then, the invention has been made to solve the problems, and has an object to provide an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus which can obtain an image with an improved S/N ratio irrespective of the existence of movement of an object and the existence of periodicity of the movement, and a method of the same.
According to an aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus drives an ultrasonic probe, configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, to transmit ultrasonic waves to an object to be tested, receives the ultrasonic waves reflected from the object to be tested in time-series, converts time-series received signals thereof into time-series images and displays them, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a first image generation unit to convert the time-series received signals into time-series images for displacement detection, a displacement detection unit to detect information relating to displacement between the converted time-series images for displacement detection, a displacement correction unit which inversely converts the information relating to the displacement and generates, based on the inversely converted information relating to the displacement, plural displacement corrected signals in which a position shift due to a movement of the object to be tested is corrected, an addition unit to generate an added received signal by weight-adding the plural displacement corrected received signals, and a second image generation unit to convert the added received signal into an image for display.
According to another aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus drives an ultrasonic probe, configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, to transmit ultrasonic waves to an object to be tested, receives the ultrasonic waves reflected from the object to be tested in time-series, converts time-series received signals thereof into time-series images and displays them, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes an image generation unit to convert the time-series received signals into time-series images for displacement detection, a displacement detection unit to detect information relating to displacement between the time-series images for displacement detection, a displacement correction unit which generates, based on the information relating to the displacement, displacement corrected images in which a position shift due to a movement of the object to be tested is corrected, and an addition unit to generate an image for display by weight-adding the plural displacement corrected images.
According to another aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus drives an ultrasonic probe, configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, to transmit ultrasonic waves to an object to be tested, receives the ultrasonic waves reflected from the object to be tested in time-series, converts time-series received signals thereof into time-series images and displays them, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a displacement detection unit to detect information relating to displacement between the time-series received signals, a displacement correction unit which generates, based on the information relating to the displacement, plural displacement corrected received signals in which a position shift due to a movement of the object to be tested is corrected, an addition unit to generate an added received signal by weight-adding the plural displacement corrected received signals, and an image generation unit to convert the added received signal into an image for display.
According to another aspect of the invention, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus drives an ultrasonic probe, configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, to transmit ultrasonic waves to an object to be tested, receives the ultrasonic waves reflected from the object to be tested in time-series, converts time-series received signals thereof into time-series images and displays them, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a displacement detection unit to detect information relating to displacement between the time-series received signals, a displacement correction unit which generates, based on the information relating to the displacement, plural displacement corrected received signals in which a position shift due to a movement of the object to be tested is corrected, an image conversion unit to convert the plural displacement corrected received signals into displacement corrected images, and an addition unit to generate an image for display by weight-adding the plural displacement corrected images.
According to the aspects of the invention, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, an image having an improved S/N ratio can be obtained irrespective of the existence of movement of an object, and the existence of periodicity of the movement.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 includes an ultrasonic probe 12 configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, a receiving part 14 which drives the ultrasonic probe 12 to transmit ultrasonic waves, receives reflected ultrasonic waves, and performs an A/D conversion processing to convert them into received signals, a receiving buffer 16 to hold the converted received signals, a first image generation part 18 which performs a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the received signals and generates image data, a displacement detection part 20 to detect from the image data the displacement between frames at each local part of an object to be tested, a signal addition part 22 to weight-adding received signals of plural frames by using the detected displacement information, a second image generation part 24 to generate image data for display by performing a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the added received signal, and a display part 26 to display the image data for display.
An ultrasonic beam is emitted from the ultrasonic probe 12 driven by the receiving part 14. The ultrasonic waves reflected by the moving object to be tested are received by the ultrasonic probe 12 and are sector scanned (see the left of
The time-series received signals held by the receiving buffer 16 are subjected to a filter operation or a scan conversion operation by the first image generation part 18 and becomes time-series image data for displacement detection (see
Next, the displacement detection part 20 uses the time-series image data for displacement detection held in the image buffer and detects the displacement of each local part of the moving object to be tested between the temporally adjacent frames. The displacement detection can be performed by, for example, block matching at each local part.
Although the displacement may be detected at all positions, a structure may be made such that the displacement is detected at discrete positions according to objective resolution, and the displacement at all positions can be calculated by interpolation.
The movement of each local part of the object to be tested between the frames of the images for displacement detection becomes clear by the displacement detection processing, and even if the object to be tested is moved or deformed, the corresponding position of each local part becomes understandable.
As the displacement detection processing, in addition to the method by the block matching, another method can also be used.
However, it is not always necessary that the position where the displacement detection is performed is the feature point, and it can be performed at all pixel positions.
Next, a processing in the signal addition part 22 is performed. The processing of the signal addition part 22 is roughly divided into three parts, that is, a displacement inverse conversion processing, a displacement corrected received signal generation processing, and a signal addition processing.
(5-1) First Processing
As the first processing, displacement information between frames of images for displacement detection detected by the displacement detection part 20 is inversely converted into displacement in the coordinate system of the received signal before the scan conversion (see the upper left of
In the processing method exemplified in
The displacement in the coordinate system of the received signal is generated by the reverse conversion of the scan conversion from the received signal to the image data (see the lower left of
Incidentally, a structure can also be made such that the interpolation of the displacement information is not performed on the image data, and after the displacement information at the feature point position is converted into that in the received signal coordinate system, the interpolation is spatially performed on the received signal.
(5-2) Second Processing
As the second processing, a displacement corrected received signal in which displacement is corrected is generated using displacement in the coordinate system of the received signal (see the lower right of
It is read from the displacement in the coordinate system of the received signal that a position (position A) of an ith frame was which position (position B) of an (i−1)th frame, and data at the position B of the received signal of the (i−1)th frame is made data at the position A of the displacement corrected received signal corresponding to the (i−1)th frame.
Similarly, it is read from the displacement in the coordinate system of the received signal that a position (position A) of the ith frame becomes which position (position B) of an (i+1)th frame, and data at the position B of the received signal of the (i+1)th frame is made data at the position A of the displacement corrected received signal corresponding to the (i+1)th frame.
In the case where the data position is not an integer, what is obtained by interpolating surrounding data may be used.
By generating the displacement corrected received signal as stated above, the displacement corrected received signals including the received signal data of the (i−1)th and (i+1)th frames corresponding to (shift due to the movement is corrected) the position of the object to be tested in the ith frame can be generated.
(5-3) Third Processing
As the third processing, the displacement corrected received signals of plural frames are weight-added to generate an added received signal (see
By the principle that when signals of n frames are added, although a primary signal component (reflected signal from a living body) having high auto-correlation is increased by a factor of n, random noise is merely increased by a factor of −n as an expected value, the added received signal becomes a signal in which the S/N ratio is improved. Besides, since the movement of the object to be tested is corrected at the time of addition, even in the case where the object to be tested is moved or deformed, there is an effect.
Incidentally,
With respect to a weight coefficient w at the time of addition, for example, when it is 1/n, an average value of the respective frames is taken. Alternatively, it is also possible to change the weight coefficient by the accuracy of a displacement detection result. For example, in the case where the detection accuracy of the displacement is excellent, the weight coefficients of the respective frames are made uniform, and in the case where the accuracy is poor, the weight of a noted frame (the ith frame in the example) is made larger than those of the other frames. By doing so, a bad influence, such as a blur of an added image, occurring in the case where the detection accuracy of the displacement is poor, can be reduced.
Similarly, the number n of the frames used for the addition can also be dynamically changed according to the accuracy of displacement detection or the magnitude of displacement. For example, when the number n of the addition frames is made large in the case where the detection accuracy is good, and when the number n of the addition frames is made small in the case where the detection accuracy is poor, while a bad influence due to an error, such as a blur of an added image, is suppressed, the merit of the improvement of the S/N ratio can be effectively obtained. Alternatively, when the number of addition frames is made small/large according to large/small of the displacement respectively, a higher effect can be obtained.
Incidentally, when plural frames are added, there occurs a case where a correspondence position is outside the range of data according to the movement of the object to be tested. In this case, it is appropriate that the frame having no data with respect to the position is removed from objects of the addition, and the weight coefficient is adjusted.
(6) Second Image Generation Part 24 and Display Part 26
In the second image generation part 24, the added received signal is subjected to the filter operation or the scan conversion operation and image data for display is generated. The generated image data for display is presented to the user by the display part 26.
As stated above, according to this embodiment, also in the case where the object to be tested is moved or deformed, the image in which the S/N ratio is improved can be obtained. Besides, since the received signals are added, there is a merit that there is no influence of the filter operation or brightness conversion at the time of generation of an image for display. Further, while the image data is expressed in 256 gradations of 8 bits in many cases, the received signal is generally expressed by more bits (for example, 16 bits), and therefore, the image in which S/N is improved can be obtained by weight-adding the displacement corrected received signals to generate the added received signal.
The image data generated in the first image generation part 18 is the image data for displacement detection, which is used for displacement detection, it is not necessary to generate the image by the same parameters as those at the time when the image data for display is generated in the second image generation part 24. Setting can be made such that the resolution suitable for the displacement detection and the filter operation are made parameters.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that signal addition is performed on image data.
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 includes an ultrasonic probe 12 configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, a receiving part 14 which drives the ultrasonic probe 12 to transmit ultrasonic waves, receives the reflected ultrasonic waves, and performs A/D conversion processing to convert them into received signals, a receiving buffer 16 to hold the converted received signals, a first image generation part 18 which performs a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the received signals and generates image data for displacement detection, a displacement detection part 20 to detect displacement of image data between frames at each local part of an object to be tested, a second image generation part 24 to perform a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the received signals to generate image data for display, a signal addition part 22 which uses detected displacement information and weight-adds the image data for display in plural frames, and a display part 26 to display the added image data for display.
The transmission/reception of the ultrasonic waves, the generation of image data for displacement detection from the received signals, and the detection portion of displacement are the same as the flow of the processing of the first embodiment.
In this embodiment, the data to be added in the signal addition part 22 is the image data for displacement detection. While the displacement detection processing is performed, an image for display is generated in the second image generation part 24. In the second image generation part 24, the image data for display is generated from the received signals held in the receiving buffer 16 by the filter operation or the scan conversion operation.
The signal addition part 22 first converts displacement information between frames of images for displacement detection detected in the displacement detection part 20 into displacement in the coordinate system of the frame of the image for display, and uses the converted displacement to obtain displacement corrected image data.
Further, in the signal addition part 22, displacement corrected images of plural frames are weight-added to generate an added image (see
Finally, the added image is presented to the user by the display part 26.
When the structure is made such that the image data is added as in this embodiment, there is a merit that the coordinate system conversion of the displacement is completed by only the conversion of a scale.
Incidentally, in this embodiment, although the first image generation part 18 and the second image generation part 24 are separated from each other, a structure may be made such that these two image generation parts are made one common part, and image data for displacement detection and image data for display are made the same. By doing so, the structure of the apparatus can be simplified.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 according to a third embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 includes an ultrasonic probe 12 configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, a receiving part 14 which drives the ultrasonic probe 12 to transmit ultrasonic waves, receives the reflected ultrasonic waves, and performs A/D conversion to convert them into received signals, a receiving buffer 16 to hold the converted received signals, a displacement detection part 20 to detect displacement between frames of the received signals at each local part of an object to be tested, a signal addition part 22 to weight-add the received signals of plural frames by using detected displacement information, an image generation part 28 which performs a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the added received signal and generates image data for display, and a display part 26 to display the image data for display.
In this embodiment, a procedure from the transmission/reception of ultrasonic waves to the storage of received signals into the receiving buffer 16 is the same as the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the displacement detection of the object to be tested is performed on the received signal. While image data is expressed in 256 gradations of 8 bits in many cases, the received signal is generally expressed by more bits. Besides, according to a structure, an ultrasonic signal can also be expressed as a complex signal after phase detection. Thus, it is possible to detect the displacement by using more information. The detection of displacement can be performed in such a manner that the received signal is regarded as an array of two-dimensional data, and a method such as block matching is used similarly to the case of the image.
In the signal addition part 22, the displacement corrected signal is generated using the detected displacement, and the displacement corrected received signals of plural frames are weight-added to generate an added received signal. In this embodiment, since the coordinate system of the displacement detection and the coordinate system of the displacement corrected received signal are the same, conversion is not required, and an interpolation processing to calculate displacement at an arbitrary position is merely required.
Finally, the filter operation or the scan conversion operation is performed on the added received signals to generate an image for display. The generated image for display is presented to the user by the display part 26.
In this embodiment, since the processing to convert the displacement is unnecessary, and the one image generation part 28 is sufficient, the structure can be made simpler.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 according to a fourth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 includes an ultrasonic probe 12 configured to transmit/receive ultrasonic waves, a receiving part 14 which drives the ultrasonic probe 12 to transmit ultrasonic waves, receives the reflected ultrasonic waves, and performs A/D conversion processing to convert them into received signals, a receiving buffer 16 to hold the converted received signals, a displacement detection part 20 to detect displacement between frames of the received signals at each local part of an object to be tested, an image generation part 30 to perform a filter operation or a scan conversion operation on the received signals to generate image data for display, a signal addition part 22 to weight-add image data of plural frames by using the detected displacement information, and a display part 26 to display the added image data for display.
A procedure until a displacement detection processing in this embodiment is the same as the third embodiment, and the displacement detection of an object to be tested is performed on the received signal.
In this embodiment, data to be added in the signal addition part 22 is image data. While the displacement detection processing is performed, the image for display is generated in the image generation part 30. In the image generation part 30, the image data for display is generated from the received signals held in the receiving buffer 16 by the filter operation or the scan conversion operation.
In the signal addition part 22 in this embodiment, first, the displacement information on the received signal detected in the displacement detection part 20 is converted into the displacement in the coordinate system of a frame of an image for display, and the displacement corrected image data is obtained by using the converted displacement. Since the displacement information is detected only at the feature point position on the received signal, a spatial interpolation processing is performed so that displacement at an arbitrary position can be calculated. Thereafter, the interpolated displacement information is converted into that in the coordinate system of the image data for display, and the displacement corrected image is generated by using this. The spatial interpolation processing may be performed in the coordinate system of the image data for display.
Further, in the signal addition part 22, the displacement corrected images of plural frames are weight-added to generate an added image.
Finally, the added image is presented to the use by the display part 26.
By adopting the structure as stated above, the conversion of the displacement information is the conversion from the coordinate system of the received signal to the coordinate system of the image data for display, and since this conversion is the conversion generally required in the generation of the image for display, this conversion function portion can be shared with the image generation part 30, and the structural elements can be decreased.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be variously modified within the scope not departing from its gist.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2005-150233 | May 2005 | JP | national |