The present disclosure generally relates to ultrasonic surgical systems and, more particularly, to ultrasonic systems that allow surgeons to perform cutting and coagulation of tissue.
Over the years, a variety of different types of non-ultrasonically powered cutters and shaving devices for performing surgical procedures have been developed. Some of these devices employ a rotary cutting instrument and other devices employ a reciprocating cutting member. For example, shavers are widely used in arthroscopic surgery. Arthroscopic surgery involves performing surgery in the joint space. To perform the surgery, the joints are commonly filled with pressurized saline for distention and visualization.
The aforementioned devices generally consist of a power supply, a handpiece, and a single-use end effector. The end effector commonly has an inner and outer tube. The inner tube rotates relative to the outer tube and will cut tissue with its sharpened edges. The inner tube can rotate continuously or oscillate. In addition, such device may employ a suction channel that travels through the interior of the inner tube. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,850,354 to McGurk-Burleson, et al., discloses a non-ultrasonically powered surgical cutting instrument that comprises a rotary cutter for cutting material with a shearing action. It employs an inner cutting member which is rotatable within an outer tube.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,776,238 to Peyman et al. discloses an ophthalmic instrument in which tissue is cut by a chopping action set-up by the sharp end of an inner tube moving against the inner surface of the end of an outer tube. U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,910 to Kajiyama et al. discloses another surgical cutting instrument that has an inner member which moves relative to an outer member to cut tissue entering through an aperture in the outer member.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,922,902 to Wuchinich et al. discloses a method and apparatus for endoscopic removal of tissue utilizing an ultrasonic aspirator. The device uses an ultrasonic probe which disintegrates compliant tissue and aspirates it through a narrow orifice. U.S. Pat. No. 4,634,420 to Spinosa et al. discloses an apparatus and method for removing tissue from an animal and includes an elongated instrument having a needle or probe, which is vibrated at an ultrasonic frequency in the lateral direction. The ultrasonic movement of the needle breaks-up the tissue into fragments. Pieces of tissue can be removed from the area of treatment by aspiration through a conduit in the needle. U.S. Pat. No. 3,805,787 to Banko discloses yet another ultrasonic instrument that has a probe that is shielded to narrow the beam of ultrasonic energy radiated from the tip of the probe. In one embodiment the shield extends past the free-end of the probe to prevent the probe from coming into contact with the tissue. U.S. Pat. No. 5,213,569 to Davis discloses a phaco-emulsification needle which focuses the ultrasonic energy. The focusing surfaces can be beveled, curved or faceted. U.S. Pat. No. 6,984,220 to Wuchinich and U.S. Patent Publication No. U.S. 2005/0177184 to Easley disclose ultrasonic tissue dissection systems that provide combined longitudinal and torsional motion through the use of longitudinal-torsional resonators. U.S. Patent Publication No. U.S. 2006/0030797 A1 to Zhou et al. discloses an orthopedic surgical device that has a driving motor for driving an ultrasound transducer and horn. An adapter is provided between the driving motor and transducer for supplying ultrasonic energy signals to the transducer.
While the use of ultrasonically powered surgical instruments provide several advantages over traditional mechanically powered saws, drills, and other instruments, temperature rise in bone and adjacent tissue due to frictional heating at the bone/tissue interface can still be a significant problem. Current arthroscopic surgical tools include punches, reciprocating shavers and radio frequency (RF) devices. Mechanical devices such as punches and shavers create minimal tissue damage, but can sometimes leave behind ragged cut lines, which are undesirable. RF devices can create smoother cut lines and also ablate large volumes of soft tissue; however, they tend to create more tissue damage than mechanical means. Thus, devices which could provide increased cutting precision while forming smooth cutting surfaces without creating excessive tissue damage would be desirable.
The foregoing discussion is intended only to illustrate the present field and should not be taken as a disavowal of claim scope.
In various embodiments, a surgical instrument is provided. In at least one embodiment, the surgical instrument can comprise a hollow sheath, a blade disposed at least partially within the hollow sheath, at least one ultrasonic transducer operably coupled to the blade, and a drive system. In these embodiments, the drive system can communicate with the transducer to deliver axial motions to the blade such that the blade translates with respect to the hollow sheath when the drive system is activated.
In at least one embodiment, a surgical instrument is provided that can comprise a hollow sheath, a blade disposed at least partially within the hollow sheath, at least one ultrasonic transducer coupled to the blade, and a drive system. In these embodiments, the drive system can communicate with the transducer to deliver rotational motions to the blade such that the blade rotates with respect to the hollow sheath when the drive system is activated. Further, in these embodiments, the hollow sheath can include at least one opening therein and at least one tooth positioned in the opening. Moreover, in these embodiments, the tooth can be configured to grip tissue positioned within the opening.
In at least one embodiment, a surgical instrument is provided that can comprise a hollow sheath including at least one opening therein, a blade disposed at least partially within the hollow sheath, an ultrasonic transducer coupled to the blade, a tissue gripping member movably supported by the hollow shaft, and a drive system coupled to the tissue gripping member. In these embodiments, the drive system can be configured to deliver axial motions to the tissue gripping member such that the tissue gripping member translates with respect to the hollow sheath when the drive system is activated.
The novel features of the embodiments described herein are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The embodiments, however, both as to organization and methods of operation may be better understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.
The owner of the present application also owns the following U.S. Patent Applications that were filed on Feb. 11, 2010, and which are herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,860, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,531,064, entitled ULTRASONICALLY POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATING CUTTING IMPLEMENT;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,864, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,323,302, entitled METHODS OF USING ULTRASONICALLY POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE CUTTING IMPLEMENTS;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,866, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,951,272, entitled SEAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR ULTRASONICALLY POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,870, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,259,234, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE BLADE AND HOLLOW SHEATH ARRANGEMENTS;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,875, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,469,981, entitled ROTATABLE CUTTING IMPLEMENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,877, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,382,782, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH PARTIALLY ROTATING BLADE AND FIXED PAD ARRANGEMENT;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,879, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,486,096, entitled DUAL PURPOSE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT FOR CUTTING AND COAGULATING TISSUE;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,885, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,579,928, entitled OUTER SHEATH AND BLADE ARRANGEMENTS FOR ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS; and
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,899, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,419,759, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH COMB-LIKE TISSUE TRIMMING DEVICE.
Certain embodiments will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the principles of the structure, function, manufacture, and use of the devices and methods disclosed herein. One or more examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the devices and methods specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting embodiments and that the scope of these embodiments is defined solely by the claims. The features illustrated or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined with the features of other embodiments. Further, where an ordering of steps in a process is indicated, such ordering may be rearranged or the steps may be carried out contemporaneously as desired unless illogical or the listed order is explicitly required. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
In the following description, like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views. Also in the following description, it is to be understood that terms such as “forward,” “rearward,” “front,” “back,” “right,” “left,” “over,” “under,” “top,” “bottom,” “upwardly,” “downwardly,” “proximally,” “distally,” and the like are words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms. The description below is for the purpose of describing various embodiments and is not intended to limit the appended claims.
Various embodiments are directed to improved ultrasonic surgical systems and instruments configured for effecting tissue dissecting, cutting, and/or coagulation during surgical procedures as well as the cutting implements employed thereby. In one embodiment, an ultrasonic surgical instrument apparatus is configured for use in open surgical procedures, but has applications in other types of surgery, such as laparoscopic, endoscopic, and robotic-assisted procedures. Versatile use is facilitated by selective use of ultrasonic energy, the selective gross axial and/or rotational motion of the cutting/coagulation implement, and/or suction applied near and/or through the cutting/coagulation implement.
It will be appreciated that the terms “proximal” and “distal” are used herein with reference to a clinician gripping a handpiece assembly. Thus, an end effector is distal with respect to the more proximal handpiece assembly. It will be further appreciated that, for convenience and clarity, spatial terms such as “top” and “bottom” also are used herein with respect to the clinician gripping the handpiece assembly. However, surgical instruments are used in many orientations and positions, and these terms are not intended to be limiting and absolute.
As can also be seen in
In an alternative embodiment, the ultrasonic generator 12 and the control system 20 may be housed in the same enclosure 105. See
In various embodiments, the ultrasonic generator 12 may include an ultrasonic generator module 13 and a signal generator module 15. See
Various forms of ultrasonic generators, ultrasonic generator modules and signal generator modules are known. For example, such devices are disclosed in commonly owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/503,770, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,461,744, entitled ROTATING TRANSDUCER MOUNT FOR ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, filed Jul. 15, 2009, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. Other such devices are disclosed in one or more of the following U.S. Patents, all of which are incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. No. 6,480,796 (METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE START UP OF AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM UNDER ZERO LOAD CONDITIONS); U.S. Pat. No. 6,537,291 (METHOD FOR DETECTING A LOOSE BLADE IN A HANDLE CONNECTED TO AN ULTRASONIC SURGICAL SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 6,626,926 (METHOD FOR DRIVING AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM TO IMPROVE ACQUISITION OF BLADE RESONANCE FREQUENCY AT STARTUP); U.S. Pat. No. 6,633,234 (METHOD FOR DETECTING BLADE BREAKAGE USING RATE AND/OR IMPEDANCE INFORMATION); U.S. Pat. No. 6,662,127 (METHOD FOR DETECTING PRESENCE OF A BLADE IN AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 6,678,621 (OUTPUT DISPLACEMENT CONTROL USING PHASE MARGIN IN AN ULTRASONIC SURGICAL HANDLE); U.S. Pat. No. 6,679,899 (METHOD FOR DETECTING TRANSVERSE VIBRATIONS IN AN ULTRASONIC HANDLE); U.S. Pat. No. 6,908,472 (APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALTERING GENERATOR FUNCTIONS IN AN ULTRASONIC SURGICAL SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 6,977,495 (DETECTION CIRCUITRY FOR SURGICAL HANDPIECE SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 7,077,853 (METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSDUCER CAPACITANCE TO DETERMINE TRANSDUCER TEMPERATURE); U.S. Pat. No. 7,179,271 (METHOD FOR DRIVING AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM TO IMPROVE ACQUISITION OF BLADE RESONANCE FREQUENCY AT STARTUP); and U.S. Pat. No. 7,273,483 (APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALERTING GENERATOR FUNCTION IN AN ULTRASONIC SURGICAL SYSTEM).
As can be seen in
Referring still to
The parts of the surgical instrument 100 may be designed such that the combination will oscillate at the same resonant frequency. In particular, the elements may be tuned such that the resulting length of each such element is one-half wavelength or a multiple thereof. Longitudinal back and forth motion is amplified as the diameter closer to the blade 200 of the acoustical mounting horn 124 decreases. Thus, the horn 124 as well as the blade 200 may be shaped and dimensioned so as to amplify blade motion and provide ultrasonic vibration in resonance with the rest of the acoustic system, which produces the maximum back and forth motion of the end of the acoustical mounting horn 124 close to the blade 200. A motion from 20 to 25 microns at the ultrasonic transducers 115 may be amplified by the horn 124 into blade movement of about 40 to 100 microns.
Referring briefly back to
Referring again to
To provide the ultrasonic instrument 110 with power from the ultrasonic generator 12 (see
Referring still to
Also in various embodiments, the hollow sheath 230 may be coaxially aligned with the blade 200 and be attached to the hollow portion 210 of the nosepiece 160 by, for example, welding, press-fitting, threading, adhering with glue or other adhesive(s), etc. As can be seen in
Various embodiments of the surgical system 10 (see
The surgical instrument 100 may have various distal portions 250.
Referring still to
Further, as noted above, the blade 200′″ may move axially past the opening 731. For example,
Referring briefly back to
By way of another example, a rotational-to-linear motion converter 150″ may include a worm gear. Referring to
Another exemplary rotational-to-linear motion converter 150′″ may include a lead screw. Referring to
Further, while the above drive systems have utilized a motor, manual drive systems may be used. For example, referring to
In various embodiments, other opening configurations at a distal portion of the instrument, such as distal portion 250, see
Additionally, in at least one embodiment, the blade 800 may only receive ultrasonic axial movement thereto, as discussed above. Accordingly, a drive system, also as discussed above (including, for instance a motor and/or trigger), may be unnecessary. However, in an alternative embodiment, the blade 800 may receive gross axial motions thereto and be operably coupled to a drive system for moving the blade in proximal or distal directions, PD or DD, respectively, see
Further, a rasped or toothed blade may further enhance the cutting ability of the instrument. For example, referring to
While some embodiments described above include one suction port, in various embodiments, other suction configurations may be employed. Focusing now on one non-limiting embodiment,
A blade 900 may be disposed at least partially within the first suction lumen 963. Further, the distal end 902 of the blade 900 may extend through the opening 931. Further, a suction tube 965 may be added to the second lumen 964 to enhance the suction force applied at or near the opening 931. In any event, tissue may be drawn toward the first lumen 963 and/or the second lumen 964 when suction is applied to one or both of suction ports 240, 241. The dual suction lumens 963, 964 may provide enhanced contact and suction of tissue in a liquid environment, such as that experienced during arthroscopic surgery. The two lumens 963, 964 may provide a reliable device capable of pulling in fibrous tissue and evacuating debris therethrough.
Referring to
Alternatively, other blade configurations may be employed. For example, referring to
While some of the embodiments described above have disclosed gross axial motion of a blade to provide various advantages, similar advantages may be obtained with a surgical instrument that instead utilizes gross rotational motion of a blade. Focusing now on one non-limiting embodiment,
In this embodiment, a drive system may be provided that communicates with the transducer assembly 314 to deliver rotational motions thereto such that the blade rotates with respect to the hollow sheath 230 when the drive system is activated. For example, the ultrasonic transducer assembly 314 may have magnets 316 embedded or otherwise attached thereto to form an integral motor rotor, generally designated as 320. A motor stator ring 330 is mounted within the housing 302 as shown. Conductors 332, 334 are attached to the motor stator ring 330 and pass through the common sheath 76 to be attached to the motor cable 33 in the control system 20 as described above. A hollow shaft 340 extends through the motor rotor 320 to form a passage for conductors 151, 152. Conductors 151, 152 are coupled to the ultrasonic transducer assembly 314 and an inner contact 2154. The inner contact 2154 is attached to a portion of the hollow shaft 340 that rotatably extends into a slip ring assembly 2150 that is also supported within the housing 302. The hollow shaft 340 is rotatably supported within the housing 302 by a proximal bearing 342. The slip ring assembly 2150 is fixed (i.e., non-rotatable) within the housing 302 and includes a fixed outer contact 2156 that is coupled to conductors 2157, 2158 that form a generator cable 14. When power is supplied to the motor stator 330, the rotor 320 and the integral ultrasonic transducer 314 are caused to rotate about axis A-A. Ultrasonic signals from the ultrasonic generator 12 are transferred to the inner contact 2154 by virtue of rotating contact or electrical communication between the inner contact 2154 and the outer contact 2156. Those signals are transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer assembly 314 by conductors 151, 152. A suction may be applied between the blade 200 and hollow sheath 230 through port 240. A collection receptacle 243 and source of suction 240 may be attached to the port 240 by tube 242. The distal end of the blade is exposed through a window in the distal end of the hollow sheath 230 at the distal portion 250 of the instrument to expose the blade to tissue as will be further discussed below.
Additional details regarding surgical instrument 300 and other embodiments of surgical instruments with rotating blades may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,860, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,531,064, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATING CUTTING IMPLEMENT, filed on Feb. 11, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In at least one embodiment, the distal portion of a surgical instrument may be configured to grip tissue that is being cut. Focusing now on one non-limiting embodiment,
The teeth 1032 may be annular ribs as shown in
Further, as noted above, the blade may grossly rotate or translate with respect to the hollow shaft, by way a drive system as described above. Also, in at least one embodiment, the blade may be hollow and define a lumen 1005 therein through which suction may be applied to draw tissue toward and into contact with the blade 1000. In at least one embodiment, the suction port 240 (see
In various embodiments, in a rotary surgical instrument, such as surgical instrument 300 described above, it may be desirable to reduce the blade mass to optimize rotational cutting speed. Thus, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, focusing now on
In at least one embodiment, referring to
In at least one embodiment, referring to
Alternative rotational blade configurations are possible. For example, referring to
In various embodiments, tissue may be gripped by a movable tissue gripping member to enhance the cutting thereof. Focusing now on one non-limiting embodiment,
As noted above, the drive system may be configured to deliver axial motions to the tissue gripping member 1540 such that the tissue gripping member translates with respect to the hollow sheath 1530 when the drive system is activated. In more detail, focusing now on
The surgical instrument 300′ may be used as follows. First, a user may manipulate the trigger 391 to extend the tissue gripping member 1540, as seen in
The devices disclosed herein can be designed to be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used multiple times. In either case, however, the device can be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device, followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and subsequent reassembly. In particular, the device can be disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of the device can be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts, the device can be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately prior to a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioning of a device can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the present application.
Preferably, the various embodiments described herein will be processed before surgery. First, a new or used instrument is obtained and if necessary cleaned. The instrument can then be sterilized. In one sterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK® bag. The container and instrument are then placed in a field of radiation that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation kills bacteria on the instrument and in the container. The sterilized instrument can then be stored in the sterile container. The sealed container keeps the instrument sterile until it is opened in the medical facility. Sterilization can also be done by any number of ways known to those skilled in the art including beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, and/or steam.
In various embodiments, an ultrasonic surgical instrument can be supplied to a surgeon with a waveguide and/or end effector already operably coupled with a transducer of the surgical instrument. In at least one such embodiment, the surgeon, or other clinician, can remove the ultrasonic surgical instrument from a sterilized package, plug the ultrasonic instrument into a generator, as outlined above, and use the ultrasonic instrument during a surgical procedure. Such a system can obviate the need for a surgeon, or other clinician, to assemble a waveguide and/or end effector to the ultrasonic surgical instrument. After the ultrasonic surgical instrument has been used, the surgeon, or other clinician, can place the ultrasonic instrument into a sealable package, wherein the package can be transported to a sterilization facility. At the sterilization facility, the ultrasonic instrument can be disinfected, wherein any expended parts can be discarded and replaced while any reusable parts can be sterilized and used once again. Thereafter, the ultrasonic instrument can be reassembled, tested, placed into a sterile package, and/or sterilized after being placed into a package. Once sterilized, the reprocessed ultrasonic surgical instrument can be used once again.
Although various embodiments have been described herein, many modifications and variations to those embodiments may be implemented. For example, different types of end effectors may be employed. Also, where materials are disclosed for certain components, other materials may be used. The foregoing description and following claims are intended to cover all such modification and variations.
Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.
This application is a divisional application claiming priority under 35 U.S.C. § 121 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/703,893, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH MOVING CUTTING IMPLEMENT, filed Feb. 11, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,259,234, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20150119916 A1 | Apr 2015 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12703893 | Feb 2010 | US |
Child | 14590574 | US |