Patent Application
20210219960
The present invention relates to an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and a control method of an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, and more particularly, to an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and a control method of an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus which are used to examine the lower abdomen of a subject.
Hitherto, in a medical field, an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus using an ultrasound image has been put to practical use. Generally, this kind of ultrasound diagnostic apparatus includes an ultrasound probe having a built-in transducer array and an apparatus body connected to the ultrasound probe, in which ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the ultrasound probe toward a subject, the ultrasound probe receives ultrasound echoes from the subject, and the apparatus body electrically processes the received signal to generate an ultrasound image.
The condition of stool or the like of the subject has been evaluated by examining, the lower abdomen of the subject by using such an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus. For example, JP2016-195748A discloses an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus that analyzes the ultrasound echoes from the large intestine of the subject, thereby automatically evaluating the condition of stool inside the large intestine.
Incidentally, upon the examination of the lower abdomen of the subject using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, it is desirable for the user to examine the subject within a limited time in order to reduce the burden on the subject. Further, in recent years, a portable ultrasound diagnostic apparatus has been developed, and the examination of the lower abdomen of the subject using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus has been performed even in a field of home medical care. In particular, in such a field of home medical care, there are many users who are unfamiliar with the examination of the lower abdomen using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus. The user needs to perform the examination of the subject without omission within a limited time, and thus it has been required to reduce manually setting and operating the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus so that a low-skilled user also easily performs the ultrasonic examination.
However, in a case of examining the subject by using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus disclosed in JP2016-195748A, the user needs to manually set the transmission/reception conditions of the ultrasonic waves in the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to the site of the subject to be examined. Thus, there has been a problem that a lot of effort and time may be required, particularly in a case where the low-skilled user performs the examination. In addition, in a case of examining the lower abdomen of the subject by using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus, not only the examination of the large intestine but also the examination of a plurality of sites, such as a bladder is continuously performed in many cases, and thus the user needs to manually set the transmission/reception conditions of the ultrasonic waves in the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus every time the site to be examined changes, which causes a problem that more effort and time may be required upon the examination.
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and a control method of an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus which can reduce the effort of the user and can easily perform examination regardless of the skill level of the user.
In order to achieve the above object, an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention comprises an ultrasound probe; an image acquisition unit that acquires an ultrasound image of a subject by performing transmission and reception of an ultrasound beam to and from the ultrasound probe in accordance with a predetermined transmission/reception condition; a display unit that displays the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit; a constipation evaluation unit that performs constipation evaluation based on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit; and a urine volume measurement availability determination unit that determines whether or not urine volume measurement is available, from the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit in accordance with the transmission/reception condition which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit.
In addition, it is preferable that the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus further comprises a bladder extraction unit that extracts a bladder based on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit, in which in a case where an ultrasound image from which the bladder is extracted by the bladder extraction unit is present in a series of the ultrasound images acquired by the image acquisition unit in accordance with the transmission/reception condition which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit determines that the urine volume measurement is available.
In a case where the urine volume measurement availability determination unit determines that the urine volume measurement is available, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit may display the ultrasound image from which the bladder is extracted by the bladder extraction unit and a guidance display prompting a user to give an instruction on whether or not to carry out the urine volume measurement, on the display unit.
In this case, it is preferable that the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus further comprises an input unit that is used for the user to perform input operation.
In addition, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus may further comprise a urine volume measurement unit that performs the urine volume measurement based on the ultrasound image from which the bladder is extracted by the bladder extraction unit.
In this case, in a case where the user gives the instruction on carrying out the urine volume measurement through the input unit, the urine volume measurement unit may measure a bladder diameter, based on an ultrasound image which includes a bladder having a largest area among a plurality of the ultrasound images from which the bladder is extracted by the bladder extraction unit, and display the ultrasound image which includes the bladder having the largest area and a measurement result of the bladder diameter, on the display unit.
A control method of an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention comprises acquiring an ultrasound image of a subject by performing transmission and reception of an ultrasound beam to and from the ultrasound probe in accordance with a predetermined transmission/reception condition; displaying the acquired ultrasound image; performing constipation evaluation based on the acquired ultrasound image; and determining whether or not urine volume measurement is available, from the ultrasound image acquired in accordance with the transmission/reception condition which is used to perform the constipation evaluation.
According to the present invention, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus comprises the constipation evaluation unit that performs constipation evaluation based on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit and a urine volume measurement availability determination unit that determines whether or not urine volume measurement is available, from the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit in accordance with the transmission/reception condition which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit. Therefore, the effort of the user can be reduced and the examination can be easily performed regardless of the skill level of the user.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The diagnostic apparatus body 3 comprises a transmission unit 12 and a reception unit 13, and the transmission unit 12 and the reception unit 13 are connected to the transducer array 11 of the ultrasound probe 2. Further, the reception unit 13 is sequentially connected to the image generation unit 14, the display controller 15, and the display unit 16. Here, the transmission unit 12, the reception unit 13, and the image generation unit 14 constitute an image acquisition unit 17. In addition, a constipation evaluation unit 18 and an image memory 19 are connected to the image generation unit 14. The display controller 15 is connected to the constipation evaluation unit 18, and the bladder extraction unit 20 is connected to the image memory 19. Further, a urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 and a urine volume measurement unit 22 are connected to the bladder extraction unit 20, and the display controller 15 is connected to the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 and the urine volume measurement unit 22.
Furthermore, an apparatus controller 23 is connected to the transmission unit 12, the reception unit 13, the image generation unit 14, the display controller 15, the constipation evaluation unit 18, the bladder extraction unit 20, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21, and the urine volume measurement unit 22. An input unit 24 and a storage unit 25 are connected to the apparatus controller 23. Here, the apparatus controller 23 and the storage unit 25 are connected to each other such that information can be exchanged in both directions.
In addition, a display controller 15, an image acquisition unit 17, a constipation evaluation unit 18, a bladder extraction unit 20, a urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21, a urine volume measurement unit 22, and the apparatus controller 23 constitute the processor 26.
The transducer array 11 of the ultrasound probe 2 shown in
The transmission unit 12 of the image acquisition unit 17 includes, for example, a plurality of pulse generators, and the transmission unit 12 adjusts the amount of delay of each drive signal based on a transmission delay pattern selected according to a control signal from the apparatus controller 23 in accordance with the preset transmission condition of the ultrasonic waves, and supplies the drive signals to the plurality of transducers so that the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the plurality of transducers of the transducer array 11 form an ultrasound beam. In this manner, in a case where a pulsed or continuous-wave voltage is applied to the electrodes of the plurality of transducers of the transducer array 11, the piezoelectric body expands and contracts to generate pulsed or continuous-wave ultrasonic waves from each transducer. From the combined wave of these ultrasonic waves, the ultrasound beam is formed.
The transmitted ultrasound beam is reflected by a target, for example, a site of the subject, and propagates toward the transducer array 11 of the ultrasound probe 2. The ultrasound echoes propagating toward the transducer array 11 in this manner are received by each transducer constituting the transducer array 11. In this case, each transducer constituting the transducer array 11 expands and contracts by receiving the propagating ultrasound echoes to generate an electrical signal, and outputs the electrical signal to the reception unit 13.
The reception unit 13 of the image acquisition unit 17 processes the received signal output from the transducer array 11, based on the control signal from the apparatus controller 23 in accordance with the reception condition of the preset ultrasonic waves.
As shown in
As shown in
The DSC 31 of the image generation unit 14 raster-converts the B-mode image signal into an image signal according to a normal television signal scanning method to generate an ultrasound image. The image processing unit 32 of the image generation unit 14 performs various kinds of necessary image processing such as brightness correction, gradation correction, sharpness correction, and color correction on the image data obtained by the DSC 31, and then outputs the ultrasound image to the display controller 15, the constipation evaluation unit 18, and the image memory 19.
The constipation evaluation unit 18 of the processor 26 performs constipation evaluation based on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit 17. Specifically, in a case where the image acquisition unit 17 acquires the ultrasound image in which the rectum of the subject is captured, the constipation evaluation unit 18 performs image analysis on the ultrasound image to evaluate, for example, whether the stool present in the rectum of the subject is loose stool or hard stool. In addition, in a case where the image acquisition unit 17 continuously acquires a plurality of ultrasound images, the constipation evaluation unit 18 performs the constipation evaluation by using a series of the ultrasound images.
The image memory 19 of the diagnostic apparatus body 3 stores the series of ultrasound images from which the constipation evaluation is performed by the constipation evaluation unit 18. As the image memory 19, for example, recording media such as a hard disc drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), a flexible disc (FD), a magneto-optical disc (MO disc), a magnetic tape (MT), a random access memory (RAM), a compact disc (CD), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a secure digital card (SD card), and a universal serial bus memory (USB memory), or a server may be used.
The bladder extraction unit 20 of the processor 26 performs image analysis to extract the bladder from the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19. Here, the ultrasound image stored in the image memory 19 is an ultrasound image which is acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 for constipation evaluation and includes the rectum, but usually, the ultrasound image also includes the bladder because the bladder is anatomically present above the rectum. In addition, since the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave for imaging the rectum is usually within the range of the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave for imaging the bladder, the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave for imaging the rectum is also applied to imaging the bladder. Note that, examples of the transmission/reception conditions of the ultrasonic waves include the transmission/reception focus condition of the ultrasonic wave and the signal amplification factor in the amplification unit 27, that is, the gain condition.
In a case of extracting the bladder from the ultrasound image, the bladder extraction unit 20 stores, for example, typical pattern data in advance as a template, calculates the similarity to the pattern data while searching the image with the template, and thereby can extract the bladder on the assumption that the bladder is present at the place where the similarity is equal to or more than a threshold value, or maximum.
In addition to the simple template matching, in order to calculate the similarity, for example, a machine learning method described in Csurka et al.: Visual Categorization with Bags of Keypoints, Proc. of ECCV Workshop on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision, pp. 59 to 74 (2004), a general image recognition method using deep learning described in Kri{grave over (z)}hevsk et al.: imageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 25, pp. 1106 to 1114 (2012) may be used.
In a case where the ultrasound images from which the bladders are extracted are present in the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19, the bladder extraction unit 20 sends information indicating that the bladders are extracted to the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21.
In addition, in a case of extracting the bladders from the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19, the bladder extraction unit 20 calculates the area of each of the extracted bladders and sends the ultrasound image which includes the bladder having the largest area to the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 and the urine volume measurement unit 22.
The urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 of the processor 26 determines whether or not urine volume measurement following the constipation evaluation is available without change, from the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 in accordance with the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit 18. For example, in a case where the ultrasound images from which the bladders are extracted by the bladder extraction unit 20 are present in the series of ultrasound images acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 in accordance with the transmission/reception condition which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit 18, that is, the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19, the urine volume measurement determination unit 21 determines that the urine volume measurement following the constipation evaluation is available without change.
Further, in a case where the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 determines that the urine volume measurement is available, as shown in
The urine volume measurement unit 22 of the processor 26 performs the urine volume measurement based on the ultrasound image U from which the bladder B is extracted by the bladder extraction unit 20. For example, in a case where the user gives the instruction on carrying out the urine volume measurement through the input unit 24, the urine volume measurement unit 22 measures a bladder diameter, based on an ultrasound image which includes a bladder B having the largest area among the plurality of ultrasound images from which the bladder is extracted by the bladder extraction unit 20. Further, for example, as shown in
Under the control of the apparatus controller 23, the display controller 15 of the processor 26 performs predetermined processing on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit 17, and causes the display unit 16 to display the ultrasound image.
The display unit 16 of the diagnostic apparatus body 3 displays an image under the control of the display controller 15, and examples thereof include a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic electroluminescence display (organic EL display).
The apparatus controller 23 of the processor 26 controls each unit of the diagnostic apparatus body 3 based on the program stored in advance in the storage unit 25 or the like and the user's operation through the input unit 24.
The input unit 24 of the diagnostic apparatus body 3 is used for the user to perform an input operation, and may include a keyboard, a mouse, a trackball, a touch pad, a touch panel, and the like.
The storage unit 25 of the diagnostic apparatus body 3 stores an operation program or the like of the diagnostic apparatus body 3, and as the storage unit 25, for example, recording media such as an HDD, an SSD, an FD, an MO disc, an MT, a RAM, a CD, a DVD, an SD card and a USB memory, or a server may be used, as in the image memory 19.
Here, in the diagnostic apparatus body 3, the processor 26 having the display controller 15, the image acquisition unit 17, the constipation evaluation unit 18, the bladder extraction unit 20, the urine volume measurement a vailability determination unit 21, the urine volume measurement unit 22, and the apparatus controller 23 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) and a control program for causing the CPU to execute various kinds of processing, by using a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other integrated circuits (IC), or by combination thereof.
Alternatively, the display controller 15, the image acquisition unit 17, the constipation evaluation unit 18, the bladder extraction unit 20, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21, the urine volume measurement unit 22, and the apparatus controller 23 of the processor 26 may be configured by being integrated partially or entirely into one CPU.
Next, the operation of the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in
First, in Step S1, the image acquisition unit 17 continuously acquires a plurality of ultrasound images with the transmission/reception conditions of the ultrasonic waves for constipation evaluation. In this case, a series of the ultrasound images acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 are stored in the image memory 19.
Next, in Step S2, the constipation evaluation unit 18 executes constipation evaluation using the ultrasound images acquired in Step S1. When the constipation evaluation is completed, the process proceeds to Step S3.
In Step S3, the bladder extraction unit 20 performs image analysis to perform processing of extracting the bladders B from the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19 in Step S1. In this case, the bladder extraction unit 20 may extract the bladders B, for example, bye performing so-called template matching on the series of ultrasound images stored in the image memory 19.
Further, in a case where ultrasound images U from which the bladders B are extracted are present in the series of ultrasound images, the bladder extraction unit 20 sends information indicating that the bladders B are extracted to the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21. Furthermore, in a case where the ultrasound images U from which the bladders B are extracted are present in the series of ultrasound images, the bladder extraction unit 20 measures the area of each of the extracted bladders B and sends the ultrasound image U which includes the bladder B having the largest area to the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 and the urine volume measurement unit 22.
In subsequent Step S4, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 determines whether or not the bladder B is extracted in Step S3, in this case, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 receives the information indicating that the bladder B is extracted by the bladder extraction unit 20, thereby determining that the bladder B is extracted in Step S3. In a case where the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 determines in Step S4 that the bladder B is extracted, the process proceeds to Step S5.
In Step S5, the urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 causes the display unit 16 to display, for example, as shown in
In Step S6, the apparatus controller 23 determines whether or not an instruction on the urine volume measurement is given by the user. For example, as shown in
In Step S7, the urine volume measurement unit 22 executes the urine volume measurement based on the ultrasound image U which includes the bladder B having the largest area, which is sent from the bladder extraction unit 20 in Step S3, Specifically, the urine volume measurement unit 22 measures the bladder diameter with respect to the bladder B in the ultrasound image U sent from the bladder extraction unit 20.
In subsequent Step S8, the constipation evaluation unit 18 causes the display unit 16 to display the result of the constipation evaluation in Step S2, and the urine volume measurement unit 22 causes the display unit 16 to display the result of the urine volume measurement in Step S7. For example, as shown in
Thus, in a case where the urine volume measurement of the subject is performed, the user does not need to set the transmission/reception conditions of the ultrasonic waves focusing on the bladder B, and the urine volume measurement is smoothly performed by using the ultrasound image U acquired upon the constipation evaluation. Therefore, the effort of the user upon the urine volume measurement can be reduced and the time required for the urine volume measurement focused on the constipation evaluation can be shortened.
In this way, when the result of the constipation evaluation and the result of the urine volume measurement are displayed on the display unit 16, the operation of the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 ends.
Further, in a case where determination is made in Step S4 that the ultrasound image from which the bladder is extracted is not present in the series of ultrasound images acquired in Step S1, and in a case where determination is made in Step SE that the instruction on the urine volume measurement is not given by the user, each of the processes proceeds to Step S9 without the urine volume measurement.
In Step S9, the constipation evaluation unit 18 displays the result of the constipation evaluation in Step S2 on the display unit 16. For example, although not shown, the constipation evaluation unit 18 may superimpose and display the result of the constipation evaluation on the ultrasound image in which the rectum is captured. In this way, when the result of the constipation evaluation is displayed on the display unit 16, the operation of the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 ends.
Here, in the examination of the lower abdomen of the subject, such as constipation evaluation and urine volume measurement, in order to reduce the burden on the subject, the user is required to perform the examination of the subject within a limited time.
With the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the constipation evaluation unit 18 that performs constipation evaluation based on the ultrasound image acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 and a urine volume measurement availability determination unit 21 that determines whether or not urine volume measurement is available, from the ultrasound image U acquired by the image acquisition unit 17 in accordance with the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave which is used to perform the constipation evaluation by the constipation evaluation unit 18 are provided. Therefore, in a case where the urine volume measurement of the subject is performed, the user does not need to set the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave focusing on the bladder B, and the urine volume measurement is smoothly performed by using the ultrasound image U acquired upon the constipation evaluation. Accordingly, the effort of the user can be reduced, and the urine volume measurement can be easily performed regardless of the skill level of the user.
Note that, in
In addition, in a case where the urine volume of the subject is measured, the bladder diameters are measured along three axes orthogonal to one another with the center of the bladder B of the subject set as the origin, respectively and the volume of the bladder B is calculated as the urine volume of the subject based on the measured three bladder diameters. Therefore, in a case where the urine volume measurement unit 22 measures the horizontal length and the vertical length of the bladder B and the measurement result is displayed on the display unit 16, for example, a guidance display prompting the user to image the tomographic plane of the bladder B, which is orthogonal to the tomographic plane of the bladder B to be represented by the ultrasound image in which the bladder diameters are measured, may be displayed on the display unit 16. Thereby, the user images the bladder B with a new tomographic plane using the transmission/reception condition of the ultrasonic wave for constipation evaluation, and the image acquisition unit 17 acquires a new ultrasound image. In this case, by using the newly acquired ultrasound image, for example, the urine volume measurement unit 22 may measure the horizontal length of the bladder B as a third bladder diameter, and calculate the volume of the bladder B from the measured three bladder diameters as the urine volume of the subject.
Further, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 may be a so-called stationary type that is not supposed to be carried, or a so-called portable type that can be easily carried. Here, the portable ultrasound diagnostic apparatus is often used in the field of home medical care, and many users are unfamiliar with the examination using the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus in the field of home medical care. The ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the effort of the user and easily perform the urine volume measurement regardless of the skill level of the user. Accordingly, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is particularly useful in a case of the portable type.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-193250 | Oct 2018 | JP | national |
This application is a Continuation of PCT International Application No. PCT/JP2019/036276 filed on Sep. 17, 2019, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) to Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-193250 filed on Oct. 12, 2018. Each of the above application(s) is hereby expressly incorporated by reference, in its entirety, into the present application.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/JP2019/036276 | Sep 2019 | US |
| Child | 17223227 | US |
