Patent Application
20150306816
The present invention concerns an ultrasound welding device for ultrasonic processing of a material with a sonotrode which is mounted in vibration-decoupled relationship and which has a sealing surface in the shape of a cylinder surface, and a counterpart tool, wherein a first converter is connected to the sonotrode optionally by way of a first amplitude transformation portion and the sonotrode and the first converter are so designed that the sonotrode can be caused to vibrate with a natural vibration of the frequency fS.
Ultrasonic processing is a method of joining plastic materials. Ultrasound is a mechanical vibration above the audible limit. The frequency range begins at about 20 kHz and extends to frequencies of 1 GHz. Such ultrasound frequencies are frequently produced from electrical energy by means of piezoelectric sound transducers (converters). That mechanical vibration energy is applied to the workpiece or the material to be processed by way the sonotrode connected to the convertor, optionally by way of an amplitude transformation portion (booster). The surface of the sonotrode which is intended to come into contact with the material to be processed is also referred to as the sealing surface.
The ultrasound vibration unit therefore represents a structure which vibrates in operation and comprises the converter, optionally the amplitude transformation portion and the sonotrode.
In order to effectively transmit the ultrasonic vibration by means of the ultrasound vibration unit it is necessary for the ultrasound vibration unit to be brought to a state of resonance. Depending on the structure of the ultrasound vibration unit it has a plurality of natural frequencies. It is only when the converter produces a natural frequency of the ultrasound vibration unit that resonant vibration of the ultrasound vibration unit occurs. Therefore the converter and the ultrasound vibration unit must be matched to each other.
Strictly speaking the resonance frequency differs somewhat from the natural frequency as any real system is damped. Hereinafter however—as is also frequently the case in the literature—the terms resonance frequency and natural frequency are used synonymously.
The most important natural frequency of the ultrasound vibration unit is generally the natural frequency at which a standing longitudinal vibration with wave nodes and antinodes is produced in the ultrasound vibration unit. In that case a respective wave antinode is formed at the ends of the sonotrode.
Connected to one of the ends is the converter which produces the corresponding ultrasound excitation frequency. Possibly a booster or amplitude transformer is connected between converter and sonotrode, which alters the amplitude of the ultrasound vibration but not the frequency. The natural frequency of the sonotrode and thus the position of the vibration nodes of the longitudinal vibration are not influenced by the provision of a booster.
In the processing of materials by means of ultrasound generally the material to be processed is positioned between the sonotrode and a counterpart tool (which does not belong to the vibration structure) and which is occasionally also called the anvil. The sonotrode which is in contact with the material to be processed then transmits the ultrasound energy to the material to be processed, which is thereby for example welded or severed. The heat required to plasticize the material webs is produced by the conversion of ultrasonic vibrations into frictional energy. Heat which causes the plastic material to melt is thus produced by virtue of the interface and molecular friction.
In most sonotrodes the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration is used for energy transmission by way of the sealing surfaces.
There are however also sonotrodes, like that described here, with a sealing surface which is substantially in the shape of a cylinder surface, which use the radial ultrasonic vibration which is produced transversely relative to the longitudinal propagate direction of the ultrasonic vibration, for energy transfer. These are generally rotated about their longitudinal axis during the ultrasound processing operation so that the sealing surface rolls on the material to be processed. Those sonotrodes permit continuous processing.
The surface of the counterpart tool which is intended to come into contact with the material to be processed is frequently also referred to as the sealing surface.
Particularly when processing thicker materials like for example when sealing a gable seam of a folding carton pack like for example a milk carton the energy of continuous ultrasound welding devices in continuous processing, that is to say when using sonotrodes with a sealing surface in the shape of a cylinder surface, is no longer sufficient to reliably weld the gable seam.
It is therefore necessary to use sonotrodes which operate discontinuously, that is to say in a cycled relationship, with which the processing time is markedly longer.
Taking the described state of the art as the basic starting point therefore the object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasound welding device of the kind set forth in opening part of this specification, with which even thicker materials can be processed in a continuous mode of operation with a low level of energy.
According to the invention that object is attained in that the counterpart tool has a natural vibration of the ultrasonic frequency fG and is mounted in vibration-decoupled relationship in such a way that it can be excited with the ultrasonic frequency fG.
Just as in the case of the sonotrode therefore it is provided that the counterpart tool is caused to vibrate without a major proportion of that vibration being transmitted to the holder.
That means that the point at which the holder engages the sonotrode or the counterpart tool must be tuned to the natural vibration of the ultrasonic frequency fG. When the counterpart tool or the sonotrode is caused to vibrate, that is to say it is put into the condition of resonance, then standing waves are formed within the counterpart tool or sonotrode with vibration maxima and vibration minima. A vibration-decoupled mounting arrangement occurs only when the holder engages the sonotrode or the counterpart tool in a region at which there is a vibration minimum.
The counterpart tool should be so designed that there is a vibration maximum at the sealing surface at a natural vibration of the ultrasonic frequency fG.
If now a material is acted upon with an ultrasonic vibration by way of the sonotrode, between the sonotrode on the one hand and the counterpart tool on the other hand, then the counterpart tool can also be caused to vibrate, which causes the counterpart tool to also process the material whereby the welding efficiency is improved.
That welding processing by the counterpart tool can be further improved if a second converter is connected to the counterpart tool, optionally by way of a second amplitude transformation portion, and the counterpart tool and the converter are so designed that the counterpart tool can be caused to vibrate with a natural vibration of the frequency fG.
In other words, the counterpart tool is also excited with an ultrasonic natural vibration so that the material is processed both by the sonotrode and also by the counterpart tool. Basically then the counterpart tool also represents the sonotrode.
In a preferred embodiment the frequency fG is equal to the frequency fS or an integral multiple thereof. Particularly when the counterpart tool is not caused to vibrate by means of a converter, it is advantageous if the natural frequency of the counterpart tool substantially corresponds to the natural frequency of the sonotrode as then the sonotrode, by way of its ultrasonic vibration, can cause the counterpart tool to be in a condition of resonance vibration, by way of the material. It will be appreciated that a natural frequency can also be selected for the counterpart tool, which is an integral multiple of the natural frequency of the sonotrode.
If however the counterpart tool is operated with a dedicated converter it is not necessarily advantageous if the counterpart tool is influenced by the sonotrode vibration. In that case it is generally better if the natural frequency fG is not equal to the frequency fS and is not an Integral multiple thereof. It has been found in particular that preferably
and particularly preferably
For example the sonotrode could be excited at a frequency of 30 kHz while the counterpart tool is excited at a frequency of 35 kHz. The 30 kHz vibration is far enough away from the 35 kHz natural frequency of the counterpart tool so that there is almost no energy transfer between sonotrode on the one hand and counterpart tool on the other hand.
The ultrasound processing operation can be markedly improved by the different vibration frequencies.
Particularly preferably the ultrasound welding device has a drive for rotation of the sonotrode, the sonotrode being of a substantially rotationally symmetrical configuration.
In the same fashion there can be provided a drive for rotation of the counterpart tool, wherein the counterpart tool is preferably substantially of a rotationally symmetrical configuration and has a sealing surface in the shape of a cylinder surface. In that case the counterpart tool and the sonotrode best rotate in opposite relationship so that the material is moved through between the sonotrode on the one hand and the counterpart tool on the other hand during ultrasound processing between sonotrode and counterpart tool.
The sealing surface of the sonotrode and/or the sealing surface of the counterpart tool can be structured, wherein the term structuring is used to denote any kind of projection or recess on or within the sealing surface.
In a further preferred embodiment the spacing between the sonotrode and the counterpart tool is adjustable. Particularly preferably there is provided an abutment so arranged that a minimum spacing between sonotrode and counterpart tool is maintained.
Further advantages, features and the present invention will be apparent from the description hereinafter of a preferred embodiment. In the drawing:
The gap width between sonotrode and counterpart tool can be adjusted by means of the motor. That also permits regulation of the gap width during the processing operation. Thus for example the gap size could be measured and regulated to a predetermined target value. As an alternative thereto the force with which the sonotrode is on the counterpart tool or the material to be processed, which is guided along the counterpart tool, could be measured and regulated to a predetermined value. For many situations of use it is also possible to measure the electric power input of the ultrasound vibration unit and regulate it to a predetermined value. In that respect the control parameter is the position of the sonotrode which can be altered by means of the motor.
The counterpart tool 8 is also connected to a converter by way of an amplitude transformation portion, the converter and the amplitude transformation portion being disposed in the housing 9. The result of that is that the counterpart tool 8 can also be acted upon with an ultrasonic vibration. The counterpart tool 8 also has a sealing surface in the shape of a cylinder surface and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis by means of the drive 10.
It will be noted that the sealing surface of the counterpart tool and the sonotrode in this embodiment are of different widths.
1 ultrasound welding device
2 sonotrode
3, 9 housing
4, 10 drive
5 carriage
6 support stand
7 motor
8 counterpart tool
11 machine frame
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2013 100 474.1 | Jan 2013 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2014/050281 | 1/9/2014 | WO | 00 |
