BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will become better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings which are given only by way of illustration and thus are not limitative of the present invention, wherein;
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a horizontal frame structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a straight member according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a connection member according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating another example of a straight member according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a horizontal straight member according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a straight member according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a connection member according to a second embodiment of the present invention; and
FIGS. 8 through 14 are views illustrating the processes of an earth retention construction using a horizontal frame structure according to the present invention.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a horizontal frame structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a straight member according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a connection member according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal frame structure 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of straight members 100 for supporting an earth retention wall and preventing an excavated surface or an inclination surface from being destroyed by an earth pressure, and a connection member 200 connected at a portion in which the straight members 110 cross each other.
As shown in FIG. 2, the straight member 100 comprises a pair of pipes 110 and 120 spaced apart by a certain distance in a horizontal direction, and a plate 130 which allows the pipes 110 and 120 to be integrally formed. A flange 140 is provided at both ends of the pipes 110 and 120 for a connection with the connection member 120 of FIG. 1 or other straight members.
As shown in FIG. 3, the connection member 200 is formed in such a manner that four pipes 210 through 240 are formed in a plane #shape and cross each other at 90°. A plate 250 is provided between a pair of the pipes 210 and 220 or 230 and 240 arranged in parallel among the four pipes 210 through 240, and a through hole 260 is formed at the center portion of the same. A “+” shaped flat engaging member 270 is formed at the through hole 260 for a connection with a temporary column which supports the horizontal frame structure 10. Here, a flange 280 is formed at each end of the connection member 200 for a connection with the straight member 100 of FIG. 1 or other connection members. A pair of parallel pipes 210 and 220 or 230 and 240 are arranged at the same distances as the pipes 110 and 120 of the straight member 100 for an engagement with the straight member 100.
The neighboring straight member 100 and connection member 200 are engaged in such a manner that the flanges 140 and 280 formed at the ends come in contact with each other when being engaged with other neighboring straight members or connection members and are engaged using bolts for an easier engagement and disengagement. A plurality of engaging holes 142 and 282 are formed the flanges 140 and 280.
The pipes 110, 120, 210 through 240, which are the unit members forming the straight member 100 and the connection member 200 are formed of circular pipes which do not have weak axes and are provided with relatively high strengths with respect to all directions of axes X, Y and Z. When the horizontal frame structure 10 is installed, a non-shrinkage mortar is injected into the straight member 100 and the connection member 200, respectively, as a finishing process for thereby significantly enhancing a buckling strength in all directions. Here, the embodiment of the present invention adapts the pipes 110, 120, 210 through 240 having circular cross sections, but are not limited thereto. In some cases, they may be provided with various cross section shapes including polygons.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating another example of a straight member according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown therein, the another embodiment of the present invention has the same structure and construction as the straight member 100 of FIG. 2. A plate 330 for connecting a pair of pipes 310 and 320 is formed of at least two unit plates 332 through 338 which are spaced apart from each other. Here, the plate 330 is formed of a plurality of unit plates 332 through 338 for the reason that the weight of the straight member 100 is decreased. The use of the same may be increased or decreased based on the size of the weight applied to a pair of the pipes 310 and 320.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a horizontal straight member according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a straight member according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a connection member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 5 through 7, the horizontal frame structure 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of straight members 400, and a plurality of connection members 500 which are engaged at a portion in which the straight members 400 cross each other. Namely, the second embodiment of the present invention is provided with the same construction and structure as the first embodiment of the present invention except for the construction that there are provided unit members 410, 420, 510 through 540 which form the straight member 400 and the connection member 500. In the following, only the difference between the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described.
The unit members 410, 420, 510 through 540 forming the straight member 400 and the connection member 500 are formed of H-beams. The H-beam has a weaker strength in the direction of axis Z as compared to the axes X and Y As shown in the drawings, the axis X is connected using the plates 430 and 550, so that it is possible to overcome the above-described problems. So, in the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a strength similar with that of the circular cross section pipe in all directions of axes X, Y and Z.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the unit member is formed of a H-beam, but is not limited thereto. For the unit member, an I-beam, T-beam and a square shape beam may be advantageously adapted. Since the H-beam is provided with a small cross section as well as a large cross section secondary moment value, it is preferred to use the H-beam since it is more economical.
The second embodiment of the present invention, which uses the H-beam as the unit members 410, 420, 510 through 540, uses a joint plate 610 having a certain thickness and a plurality of bolts 620 when the straight member 400 and the straight member 400 are engaged, and the straight member 400 and the connection member 500 are engaged, and the connection member 500 and the connection member 500 are engaged. However, the method of engaging the beams using the joint plate 610 and the bolts 620 is a known art in the industry, so that the detailed descriptions of the same will be omitted.
FIGS. 8 through 14 are views illustrating the processes of an earth retention construction using a horizontal frame structure according to the present invention. At this time, the horizontal frame structure adapted to the process is the same as the horizontal frame structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
An earth retention wall 30 is installed at a surrounding portion of a ground 20 in which an underground architecture will be installed as shown in FIG. 8. A temporary column 40 is installed for enhancing a strength of a foundation ground and supporting a horizontal frame structure installed on the same. When the installations of the earth retention wall 30 and the temporary column 40 are finished, as shown in FIG. 9, the ground is excavated by the depth of the first floor of the underground, and earth and sand are discharged. A rim beam 50 is installed along an inner wall surface of the earth retention wall 30 in a horizontal direction, and a horizontal frame structure 10a is installed between the rim beams 50, which are installed opposite to each other. The horizontal frame structure 10a is supported over the center pile 40.
At this time, an engaging shoulder 52 having vertical and horizontal surfaces is installed at the rim beam 50 for compensating a length error of the horizontal frame structure 10a. The distance of the vertical surface of the engaging shoulder 52 formed at a pair of the rim beams 50 is set longer than the length of the horizontal frame structure 10a for thereby compensating a length error of the horizontal frame structure 10a which may occur during the manufacture. For example, when the horizontal frame structure 10a is mounted between the engaging shoulders 52, a certain gap is formed between the vertical surface of the engaging shoulder 52 and a cross section portion of the horizontal frame structure 10a. A non-shrinkage mortar 54 is filled in the above gap, and the horizontal frame structure 10a is fixed using an angle bolt 56 for thereby compensating a length error of the horizontal frame structure 10a and fixing the horizontal frame structure 10a.
When the installation of the horizontal frame structure 10 is finished with the repetition of the above processes, as shown in FIG. 11, the ground is excavated by the depth of the first floor of the underground, and earth and sand are discharged. A new rim beam 50b and a horizontal frame structure 10b are installed at the inner wall surface of the earth retention wall 30 of the excavated ground. Here, the rim beam 50b and the horizontal frame structure 10b are spaced apart from the rim beam 50a and the horizontal frame structure 10a, which are installed at the lower side of the aboveground first floor, at a certain distance in the vertical direction.
The above-described processes are repeatedly performed, so that as shown in FIG. 12, the excavation is performed at the third floor of the underground, and then the horizontal frame structure 10c is installed. A mat slab 60 is cast at the floor of the ground 20 using steel concrete. A vertical reinforcing member 70 is installed between the connection members 200a, 200b and 200c of the horizontal frame structure 10a, 10b and 10c. As shown in FIG. 13, the temporary column 40 is removed. Here, the vertical reinforcing member 70 is provided for preventing the horizontal frame structures 10a, 10b and 10c from being sagged, respectively. It may be used as a column of the permanent structure later.
As shown in FIG. 14, the column 80 is installed at the vertical reinforcing member 70, and the underground structure is formed using the horizontal frame structures 10a, 10b and 10c, so that all processes are finished.
As described above, in the horizontal frame structure and the underground earth retention strut construction method using the same according to the present invention, since the horizontal members having no weak axes are used, a buckling reliability with respect to the axes X, Y and Z is very high, so that it is possible to minimize the use of the temporary vertical members during the installations of the earth retention structures.
In addition, since the use of the vertical members is minimized, and the inner space of the earth retention structure is expanded, a ground excavation work is easy. Since the horizontal strut is formed of a permanent structure, not the temporary structure, it is not needed to install along the permanent structure, so that the work is decreased. Furthermore, a construction inconvenience occurring due to an overlapped structure of the temporary structures and permanent structures can be eliminated in the present invention.
The present invention may be well applicable to the top-down construction method and down-top construction method which are known as a common construction method for building the underground architecture. The construction period may be advantageously decreased in the present invention.
The horizontal frame structure and the construction and process of the underground earth retention strut construction method using the same according to the present invention are illustrated in the drawings along with the above descriptions.
As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described examples are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, unless otherwise specified, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Patent Application
20080075540
