Patent Application
20200160174
Big data cannot be processed using linear tapes (Turing machine) that were used for the last hundred years. The present invention relates to the invention of a new language that solves the data overflow problem. The present invention introduces a new language where letters are geometric shapes. We introduce a new class of materials that use our universal language using its periodic oscillations. Therefore, the present invention covers chemical synthesis, computer science, mathematics and linguistics. The information is not “bit” it is a clock. The clock “ticks” at specific time intervals to hold a geometric shape. To mimic “tick” a material vibrates resonantly at a particular frequency. Clocks self-assemble to memorize complex geometric shapes. The organic material self-assembles to mimic the self-assembly of clocks. Self-assembly of rhythm=self-assembly of time cycles=self-assembly clocks=time crystal or time jelly. In a clock, multiple frequency peaks arrange as geometric shapes. So, we call it a geometric-musical language. Clocks could be organic, inorganic, non-chemical, but its clocks should be able to change structure and assembly. It is possible to write, read and erase nested cycles in the jelly of clocks or jelly of time crystals. As the structure memorizes, using noise, we do not need continuous power supply for memory. We name the organic jelly as “brain jelly”. Geometric Musical Language (GML) needs fractal hardware to implement. The hardware is always a jelly of time crystals or assembly of clocks.
To process information, the existing computers flow a current through its circuit. When unit of information is clock, a static circuit does not work. Inspired by clocking of virus and other biological materials, time crystal concept was proposed in 1977 by A. Winfree [non-patent document 6]. Time crystals are made of clocks, like spatial crystals that we see around. Similar to spatial crystal where at different directions we find different arrangement of atoms, if a system point moves a complete circle in a clock, it finds different times at different intervals. It was argued that time crystals self-assemble to build the biological life form. The actual structure of information and integrating the information to make decisions were not constructed. Currently, time crystal is revived by Frank Wilczek in 2012 [non-patent document 7]. Time crystal can have a classical and a quantum version. Nature produces time crystal. However, it was never conceived that time crystal is the language how nature speaks. In the present invention, we consider that time crystal synthesis is how nature processes information. We design bio-inspired time crystals. Cavity resonators have a resonance frequency but to be an effective clock, the frequencies should be played in a sequence. Creating a fractal like architecture using the principles of self-assembly has an advantage; one can use wide ranges of times at various spatial scales, as all scales holds particular size of cavity resonators. The commercial advantage of fractal assembly of clocks was never explored. The similarity triggers coupling of clocks and that coupling changes the conformation in the system, which again triggers conformational changes in the system. It may spread like tree branches. Therefore, once the writing reading erasing and reading process starts in the system, the supramolecule grows and decays continuously and in course of that development an astronomically large number of clocks are born.
Programmed self-assembly has always been a subject of study. Automation industry desires growing complex architectures spontaneously. However, self-assembly of clocking materials that vibrates as if holding the geometric shapes may be used to do computing. During self-assembly of such clocking materials one geometric shape may change to another. This means simply executing a computer program by growing or destroying molecular structures. Not a significant amount of research has been done in the field of clocking or rhythmic oscillations triggering conformational changes in a material. The reasons are several. The first reason concerns many-body interaction. When phase space plays a role in structuring information, the path is infinite. Thus far, phase space was exclusive to quantum. It was believed to be a domain that cannot be seen, measured or manipulated. It used to be infinite in size and named as Hilbert space. Here, in the present invention we get into the engineering of phase space. It is not about the resonance peaks of an oscillator or a material. But, we are concerned about the phase associated with the resonance frequency. In the history of designing oscillators, multiple resonance peaks were observed in some materials. However, writing resonance states and erasing them was never studied. It was never essential to create such materials. In the present invention, this particular kind of feature is addressed, where the unit of memory or information is a resonance peak frequency and intensity, not conducting state which are often used in the computer chips.
“Brain jelly” invention under consideration is primarily inspired by human brain's neural network. It covers a large aspect of linguistics. Linguistic research shows that common geometric shapes are fundamental to every language of humans. The historical perspectives were consolidated by Noam Chomsky's argument that all human languages are the same. Moreover, human brain operates via power scaling law, in the present invention the similar technology has been attempted to replicate, this can reduce the power consumption largely. Therefore, entire brain must have a unified language and that is not what we speak. It is the fundamental language of the hardware. The discovery of a true language could be industrially very useful. One could in principle talk to a protein using suitable set of frequencies. All the signals would have a proper phase relation. If chosen rightly, it would change the medical science. Most diseases affect proteins, folds them so badly that they do not recover. We can wirelessly correct errors without drug. The robots can use this language, as it would drastically reduce the programming complexity. A language that the hardware uses and eliminates the necessity of programming like a human brain has been a key target of the present invention. We discuss this below.
Programmable matter was proposed in 1991 by Toffoli in MIT [non-patent document 8]. However, its organic version does not exist. Human brain is a programmable matter, a jelly made of neuroglia and neurons. The architecture changes continuously, as it learns, the wiring is not a stable structure and no eventual equilibrium is reached ever. Neuron and glial jelly is the inspiration for the present invention “brain jelly”. The “brain jelly” is a multiband frequency sensor and adapts with the system to absorb and produce more complex frequency patterns. Its ability to restructure to generate new kinds of resonance frequency patterns is unique. Any sensory data is stored as periodic resonant oscillations of frequencies in a sequence, so it makes a clock. There are plenty of reports on the shape change materials as a particular energy signal is pumped, or provided. However, no report exists on the shape change occurs to emulate a biological rhythm. Thus, the present invention is an attempt to construct flexible plastic hardware to eliminate the necessity of writing the software codes forever. Brain does not require software engineer to operate. The wiring of neurons grows and regrows, here the cavity geometry changes and the organic molecules regrow forming new wiring.
Developing a material where a large number of clocks residing side by side and one inside another is a key to build a fractal structure. If a fractal assembly is used to build a language processor, the hardware can shrink data by replacing complex geometric shapes with simple and fewer ones. Humans do this often. It is the key factor to the present invention. The fusion of geometric language and musical instrument-like material that plays the sound has not been done. One attempt made few years back, where a geometric space filled with many frequencies was created. However, the frequencies never stored the peculiarities of a geometric shape, like, angles, curvatures number of arms and there was never any grammar constructed to convert any geometric shape into a clocking vibrations for storing it as is in a material. The word “music” is used to signify compositional features of a time crystal. To store particular information of geometric structure, at certain intervals a burst of signal of particular frequencies emit. The time gap between two neighboring bursts hold the information of geometric shape. Thus, the phase space holds information not the intensity of signal or frequency. The present invention resolves several issues related to nature of information and proposes a language that is generic and akin to a material.
The purpose of the present invention is to build a self-reconfigurable hardware that processes a geometric language due to its natural vibrations. We design and realize a supramolecular structure namely “brain jelly” that can learn to morph the operation of biological machines as time crystal. In the material, several time crystals are wired together. They change time crystal symmetry and wiring with learning. The jelly of time crystals absorbs information as clocks arranged in a geometric shape. Then the jelly changes its hardware so that next time if the same information arrives, the jelly resonates strongly. There is a grammar of geometric shapes. The basic time crystals of the jelly are designed to naturally vibrate those geometric shapes and edit if required. The jelly naturally simplifies the geometric shapes by identifying self-similarity. This process helps in drastically reducing the amount of information. One or more geometric shapes are to be stored along with its repetition rules. Later these seed like geometric shapes are repeated to regenerate the full pattern.
The inventors of this invention conceived a self-evolving architecture based on clocks that senses any form of input signals and converts into a clock that holds geometric shapes. The clock is special as it holds geometric shapes using the phase of resonant signals. Change in phase can morph a geometric shape. The path adopted by phase is the dynamics of a system and used similarly as a letter is used in the language in this invention, named as Geometric Musical Language (GML). The invention of this new language relates to the building of time crystal structure by materials synthesis or pure device fabrication technologies. A new material is essential to implement the language because of its dynamics. Time crystal theoretically proposed to exist in biology, in 1977, is experimentally realized here to build structurally evolving material to process this language.
This invention provides an evolving structure made of time crystals that changes itself with learning. The device is a sensor that senses the environment spontaneously and converts any stream of signals into a composition of clocks. These clocks are special. They “tick” at certain time intervals to hold a geometric shape. Thus, when all the clocks run, the pattern of frequencies and phase make a 3D shape. This is the language invented herein.
In this specification, the inventors define this electronic, photonic, magnetic, mechanically operating organic or inorganic jelly or even composition of electronic devices to act as “a perpetual clocking self-assembly device” or simply “brain-jelly”, as cyclic arguments grow perpetually without any external instruction. Thus, the inventors conceive a hardware that can generate an enormous amount of higher level arguments as nested clocks or rhythms generating a jelly of time crystals. This language operates without writing a single line of software code in the hardware system. The language uses geometric network alone to represent every single form of information in the universe.
All these advantageous changes are summarized below.
1. Geometric-musical language replaces the software programming: A program instructs tasks, when a computer is designed to emulate events as is, then, instructions are meaningless. Seed of an event is a geometric shape evolving as a function of time. Temporal relationships between elementary events incorporate decisions. The distinct identity of questions and answers, situation and decision does not exist. An indefinite fractal network of statement makes sure, there is no logically defined statement, thus, faintly related events even are extracted. We get a science of emotions and psychological behaviors. Any form of sensory information is converted into clocking time crystal, where each clock holds a geometric shape. There is no static information, all are dynamic events, and no events are kept isolated, all are associated by some geometric links. These geometric links are equivalent of programming.
2. The present invention reports a new class of fractal cavity resonators. Such a device was never proposed earlier. In conventional cavity resonators, only the waveform meeting exact boundaries resonates, but in the fractal cavity resonators, wavelengths that are much shorter and much longer could resonate by nesting. Its rapidly oscillating boundaries enable quantum effects to play a role. Leaking membranes or boundaries enable carriers to communicate globally and create non-local standing waves or resonance. Thus, a language demands a very new class of device.
3. The present invention fuses information with the structure in a dynamic way, the structure follows as the information changes. It is like a material changes its shape depending on the light color falls on it, or sound structure, or even different kind of touch. Apart from working as a shape change materials at wide frequency ranges, the material can come up with unique shapes. Geometric musical language processing matrix is a fusion product of shape change memory switching devices. The most important part of information is the relative initial phase, a little error in it, can change the entire output. The origin of uncertainty in nature is underpinned by this language. Matching with nature means correcting the phase mismatch.
4. Conversing with Geometric Musical Language means rewiring clocks holding geometric shapes, creating and terminating various such clocks. Language processing material implements several new technologies (i) unique energy “window effect” by resonance chain. The cavity resonators grow covering the constituents to a much larger size, while growing the frequencies of time crystals are naturally chosen discretely such that innermost layer's energy is not absorbed above. (ii) time crystal introduced by A. Winfree in 1977 is realized experimentally. (iii) Geometric musical language leads to Toffoli's “programmable matter”. Until now, programmable matter did not have a proper organized generic product. The present invention is a complete product where organic synthesis and geometric musical language is connected.
5. The number of topological maps or phase maps that could run in a time crystal could be much larger than the number of clocks by which the crystal is made. Ordered factor of a number actually tells us how many cycles come together. Use of phase as a fundamental to build a language enables us with a technology to keep number of “bits” constant, yet change the coded information fundamentally by editing phase. This is similar to the human voice technology where a particular word pronounced in various different ways gives significantly different meanings.
6. The language does not use any static geometric shape as its letter. This is the fundamental difference with the human languages. Manmade languages require to explain static objects. The motion of objects is explained with separate words called “verb”, properties need “adjective” to add a quality. Here in the geometric musical language, the relative temporal evolution of geometric shapes alone includes all features. Even in the linguistic terms, this language is a novel exhibition of grammar, where, a system processing this language could sync with any unknown language and adopt its grammar. The ability to manipulate the rule of morphing 1D, 2D, and 3D geometric shapes enables the language processing hardware to build language for any unknown dynamic system, learn new languages.
7. Continued fraction Geometric Algebra (CFGA): Not just dynamics, the system allows mathematical processing using geometric drawing. Geometric constants e, π, φ and imaginary index i, build unique relationships to map a specific infinite series that represents a local nested rhythm network. The relation also provides a geometric constant that is essential to build any linear relation or variation in the network. We can do entire complex mathematics of infinite series, simply by drawing the nested cycles; this is called continued fraction geometric algebra (CFGA).
8. A new information theory is invented as a byproduct of geometric musical language. Binary bits are considered as information, now, a cycle made of frequencies or clock depicting a geometric shape is the information. The information expands, the equivalent Bloch sphere assembly or time crystal expands with the addition of a new geometric shape, side by side. Big Bang like expansion provides insight into the integrated information architecture in nature and biological systems.
9. Use of clock that uses frequencies is superior to logic gates that use bits, because (1) a system point running along the perimeter of a circle is itself a memory that needs not to be refreshed ever. At the same time, it makes a decision. (2) System point is never lost at a far distant place in the self-assembled time crystal architecture acting similar to an operational circuit of conventional electronics. In the present invention, there are multiple system points, so it is distributive, no central control system is required to manage system points, no external user is thus required. (3) a clock is a rhythm hence automated clocks maintains time, over entire information architecture spontaneously, (4) a clock is a fractal harmonic oscillator hence can spontaneously self-assemble, an harmonic oscillations are included in the clock, (5) a clock can spontaneously reply by synchrony and de-synchrony so we do not need circuit connection to address, require minimum resources. (6) We do not need logic gate for rejection hence enormous power saving. (7) A clock made of frequencies in a rhythm is a natural sensor, we do not need to design any, (8) it is a natural filter as unmatched signals are rejected, noise is eliminated naturally. Some incredible feature of clock assembly is that (9) a clock can activate or cross check infinite loops at once via escape time (ET, one inside another) and IFS (Iterative function system, side by side) routes simultaneously. (10) The clock assembly memorizes any geometric shape or symmetry in 1D, 2D and 3D, using only diameter and ratio of arc gaps. Hence the clocking matrix could emulate any “form of argument” as “geometric shape”. Simply by self-assembling the evolving fractal clock network can sense, decide, respond and transform by itself.
10. Fractal cavity resonator generates sensors that have enormous resolution because a shape made of clocks could have infinite journey in its clocking matrix. Fractal resolution of an image is ultimate, one could zoom perpetually and yet get information inside. When metric of prime is used as a journey of clocks inside a pixel, there is no change of repeating a pattern. By continuous zoom, one would get new patterns.
The present invention will now be explained in detail in correspondence to the claims.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 1>
The invention relates to a language based on geometric shape written in a clock, and then realizing experimental device that implements this language. The silent time gap between ticks holds the phase or arms of a geometric shape while the clock ticks at corner points of the geometric shape.
The language explores phase far beyond quantum mechanics. In quantum mechanics, there is a concept called geometric phase introduced by S. Pancharatnam in 1955 [non-patent document 9]. A classical clock when rotates full, to make a new beginning, no sign is left in the clock. No one could detect that it rotated a full swing. In quantum mechanics, one can detect, because the geometric phase counts, that traverses on a Bloch sphere. Now, when on an imaginary sphere of quantum with two classical poles incorporates a loop, it may construct a clock. And the inventors also consider that multiple singularity points exist on that topological path. Connecting the singularity points creates a geometric shape. This advancement from quantum mechanics is the foundation of the present invention. Nested Bloch spheres make an architecture of Bloch sphere that enables one to make a journey through various rates of time flow.
In the 1920s when Feynman and others introduced renormalization in quantum mechanics, they solved the problem of singularity by normalizing the two ends of an undefined domain. This invention uses the concept of A Winfree's time crystal introduced in the 1977 [non-patent document 6] to explore the singularity domain. Filling the undefined gap created by singularity with a Bloch sphere of a time crystal is the original concept introduced in the present invention. This technology not only brings a new class of materials, called time crystal, but also a new technology that enables using fractal clocks to encode the dynamics in a material that modulates the topological features.
The invention according to claim 1 introduces the invention of topological feature modulating a material which is a jelly made of a new class of time crystals. The invention is inspired by time crystals observed in the brain extracted microtubule (see
One important feature of the invention according to claim 1 is deviation from the basic concept of linguistics, where a static image or sound is used as letters to construct a sentence. Here in this language, transformation between geometries is a letter. Conversion of a triangle to straight line is an event in itself. Phase change between three points of a triangle could generate astronomically large number of events.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 2>
In the jelly of time crystals architecture of the invention according to claim 1, in each clock, a change in 360° phase is regulated by system point. A system point is created, sustained and deleted by the system spontaneously as required. The invention according to claim 2 details particulars of creating system points in a network of clocks or jelly of time crystals. One important aspect of a clock is often ignored. A clock cannot run, if there is no sub-clock defining its time. A minute clock does not run without seconds clock that perfectly matches its 60 steps. This simple fact is naturally implemented in the jelly of a time crystal. If a set of faster clocks integrate forming a perfect loop, a system point is born, which means creation of a clock, too.
Self-assembly of clocks is part of learning an event. Clocks hold a not more than two basic properties that enable them bonding with each other. Every clock hosts a not more than two guest clocks with particular diameter of its representative circles. If two neighboring clocks have similar sets of neighbors, each set having a sequence of clocks with similar diameters, then, they self-assemble. The self-assembly of clocks have several significances. Clocks self-assemble means materials using which the clocks are made, self-assemble. It means, a set of geometries lose their distinct identity at the higher level. A new geometric shape is born. The self-assembly of clocks could be such that two circles representing the clocks make inner contact, make a cross contact and make an outer contact.
When clocks self-assemble, two things can happen. First, self-assembling circles or clocks have only one system point, irrespective of the number of participating clocks. The output signal is binary pulse stream. Second, all the participating clocks have one system point each. The output is epicycloids. More is the number of clocks, more is the generation of intricate pattern in the epicycloids. Thus, Geometrical musical language has two classes of clock assembly governed by the system points. They are binary stream of pulses & fractal of epicycloids.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 3>
The clocking jelly architecture of the invention according to claims 1-2 transforms reversibly and irreversibly continuously with a definite architecture of Bloch sphere. The invention according to claim 2 details the Bloch sphere representation of the information structure. In a classical system, finite fixed states define a system logically. In the integrated information architecture of geometric musical language, classically defined states do not exist. Even in a Bloch sphere of quantum information theory, there are two classical states at the poles. In the present invention, as clocking is a primary entity in a Bloch sphere, the poles disappear. Instead of classical points, the clocking Bloch spheres have singularity points. The system point passing through the singularity points and completing the loop constitute a clock. The present invention uses a very different kind of Bloch sphere, even the name “Bloch sphere” may not suit it. The infinite homogeneous Hilbert space of Bloch sphere known in quantum system is not applicable here.
The present invention fills the singularity domain using an additional Bloch sphere. Thus inside the Hilbert space, we get a subset of new Hilbert space. In the quantum mechanics, always there is only one kind of Hilbert space. It is infinite and it collapses to either of the two classical points. Here the material exhibiting the clocking Bloch sphere holding the geometric shape do not have any classical solution. The material is always a fractal structure. The fractal grows side by side or one inside another. Similarly, Hilbert spaces grow side by side and one inside another. All Hilbert spaces or Bloch spheres are topologically related in the phase space. The invention according to the claim endorses a technology to manipulate the topology of phase space. The material structure and its dynamics are fundamentally different from quantum and classical mechanics known today.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 4>
The clocking jelly architecture of the invention according to claims 1-3, develops its own concept of processing the information related to mass, space and time from the topology of phase. Claim 4 is an essential part of the invention as it develops its own concept of physical parameters found in nature. In the conventional languages, a metaphoric word is used to represent scientific terms and phenomena. However, that is not possible in a geometric musical language, since, materials process the language. Current computers use human's metaphoric representations as is in its machine language. For the present invention, it is not possible. Materials have a fixed set of properties. We cannot change that. Therefore, the language intended to invent is bound to create everything that happens in nature, in its own way.
Topology of phase is only tool for the language. In the invention according to claim 4, only three parameters, mass, time and space are considered. The reason is that in the current science, one could represent any scientific parameter in terms of mass, space and time. This is called dimensional analysis. It is often used by scientists to verify equations. Now, since the topology of phase would replace the three parameters, mass, space and time, all physical parameters in the universe would be represented in terms of phase. Thus, clocking material for processing the geometric language would have its own unified protocol to process physical phenomena.
The material for processing the geometric musical language exhibits topological features. However, these are not conventional topological materials. The used materials for this invention are fractal in shape. The one to one correspondence between the shape of the material and their vibrational signature is a key. The language depends on the geometric pattern using which the vibrational frequencies are related by phase on a Bloch sphere. Change in phase path on the Bloch sphere surface keeping frequency points unchanged can change the event perception or meaning. All singularity points represent signal burst at particular frequencies If measured with a high resolution a clock is observed in the same frequency. The phase relations between a clock located inside a singularity and outside are related. Hence, topological features may edit even diameter of a Bloch sphere.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 5>
The clocking jelly architecture of the invention according to claims 1-4 shrinks a large amount of information such that if expanded following specific rules, the original information structure will be restore. The invention according to This particular claim, claim 4, uses a materials or hardware property that enables it to switch off clocks with repeating geometries except one. The repeating pattern and the clocking feature that enables repeating the unit pattern into a fully grown information is the seed pattern. A seed pattern's occupation of space could be orders lower than the original information architecture.
An information architecture is an integrated Bloch sphere network. From center of this architecture, one could project geometric information of clocks all around. Observers could read very different kinds of information from all around from the same information structure. This particular feature has multiple applications in shrinking a big data. The claim details usage of this feature.
Five major things could happen in the clocking time jelly. (i) One could reorient the clocks such that the information projection at a particular direction changes while it remains the same in all other directions. (ii) one could adjust several planes such that information projection remains the same in all the directions. (iii) Some planes or Bloch spheres could become redundant, an alternative simpler geometry could project the same information structure. (iv) Several planes of rotations or clocks could survive in a single Bloch sphere. These planes would generate several alternate complex phase paths in the same Hilbert space. (v) Fewer system points could generate similar projection. Thus, five 3D symmetry factors could reduce the giant information structure made of clocking Bloch spheres significantly.
The claim outlines two major factor that shrinks large data. Both are based on symmetry. Symmetry could lead to building a fractal seed by identifying self-similarity across a 2D space, or collapsing the information structure in a 3D space.
<Description of the Features According to Claim 6>
The clocking jelly architecture of the invention according to claims 1-5, acts as an universal sensor. Claim 6 outlines typical hardware features that enable the system to construct 3D clocking jelly architecture from a stream of 2D pulses. Different sensory signal produces different kinds of stream of pulses. Thus, the clocking jelly hardware has the ability to synthesize clocks by analyzing the phase relationships. Thus far, Fourier transform has been the most useful technological tool in the information processing industry. It, however, does not work here. It cannot build the time crystal based architecture. The foundation of clocking architecture is the periodic changes of phase associated with the resonance frequencies. Claim 6 addresses clocking transformation of a wave stream, which is fundamentally different than Fourier transform. Here, by converting one wave form into another only by changing phase within a finite time of applying a pulse. The time taken for wave transformation is the topological path traversed by the system point on the clocking sphere. Therefore, clocking transformation cannot be achieved using a pure mathematical formula like Fourier transformation. One has to do experiment to find the hidden phase transformation relations at the original source of the signal. Then, the surface of Bloch sphere network could be created.
For the visual information, the density of peaks in a stream of pulses in an area for a given time width is used to draw a picture. The density of time fluctuation gives a spatial picture. Now, by setting different time width of pulses, one gets different pictures. In the stream of 3D columnar pulses the periodicity along X, Y and Z axes varies as Cos x, Cos y, and Cos z. Together, they follow the function Cos x+Cos y+Cos z. This function has eight singularity points. This is similar to E8 symmetry of Lie Alzebra [non-patent document 10]. See
All sensory systems make time crystals like the visual signal described above. However, for each sensor, a particular parameter is used to group discrete pulses. For auditory stream of pulses, the time window that we slice from input plays primary role in grouping and creating eight layers. For visual signals, spatial density of peaks make the eight layers distinct. For taste, the composition of areas decide layers. Three variables, the weighted average of intensity and areas affected by elementary states make a 3D structure. Here the primary controlling factor is the set of relative areas. For touch, invisible distances between surfaces hold the key information. For smell, geometric identity is important. This is only sensor that directly uses the grammar of topology, like 1D, 2D, or 3D geometric shapes as memory.
To construct the sentences, none of the sensory information derived time crystal is left out. All of them are integrated simultaneously. Geometric musical information does not classify crystals. Five sensors isolate information with a distinct topology. However, they make similar kinds of time crystals, visual (spatial density pattern of fluctuations), auditory (dimension of time window), taste (relative area), touch (distance between planes), smell (geometric shape).
<Description of the Features According to Claim 7>
The invention according to the final claim, claim 7, addresses the hardware features essential for processing a geometric musical language. The invention is based on experimental discoveries of this language in microtubule. Then, it was replicated in artificial synthetic organic molecule. Finally, in equivalent electronic devices and systems, claim 7 does not favor any particular hardware. It articulates common features to the language processing hardware of any kind.
The elementary device used in the present invention is a typical oscillator. It could be classical or quantum. The geometric phase of the device changes in a clocking manner in a quantum oscillator. However, for the sake of geometric musical language, during a periodic oscillation of geometric phase, there would be another clock. As the system point encounters the guest clock, another geometric phase starts counting. This feature is absent in quantum oscillator. We name new oscillator as fractal oscillator.
The elementary device acting as a fractal oscillator should have a rapidly oscillating membrane. If the boundary oscillates rapidly, the quantum effects are possible at room temperature, ambient atmosphere. This is shown in previous 2D cavity resonator studies. We use this technology in the current invention for a 3D membrane. Since membrane is used alone, the cavity inside remains empty. The claim endorses to use this entire empty space to fill with other cavity resonators. This engineering feature ensures that (i) boundary conditions of guest and host clocks matches. It means, the slower clocks represented by the larger, host membrane and its guest clocks represented by faster, smaller cavities vibrate in a fixed phase relation. (ii) Nesting of clocks via fractal assembly of clocks becomes possible. (iii) All membranes are kept porous to leak carriers. Normally, leaking is considered bad. Here, it is good. Leaking helps in harvesting energy from noise, adjusting the resonating waveform to stabilize by itself. Use of membrane alone enables cavity resonators to pack in an extremely dense manner.
Apart from rapidly oscillating porous membrane, the hardware needs to store geometric shape in the singularity points. The guest cavities arrange following periodicities described in claim 6 for all three axes. The phase change of resonance frequencies of such a cluster generates 8 domains where the variation of phase disappears. This is the definition of singularity. Topological parameters of the assembly like (i) lattice parameters, (ii) diameter of elementary cavities and (iii) engineered fault lines are three parameters that control the domain of singularity in the assembly of fractal oscillators. By adjusting length, pitch and diameter (X, Y Z axes) at three layers one inside another, the elementary nested clock device is made.
Addition of a geometric shape alone is not sufficient to create an unit of information that alone makes decision, stores memory, holds data for an event using only topology. Therefore, further changes were made. A close loop is added to the Bloch sphere, and the corners of the geometric shape reside on the loop. Then a clock or time cycle is added (103). Time cycle or clock is an event of change in phase by 360°. Therefore, the basic parameter in the modified unit of information is phase. The panel 103 is the cross section of panel 104, where the final unit of information is noted. The modified Bloch sphere of 104 points out one fundamental difference with the Bloch sphere of conventional Quantum mechanics. The poles are not classical, the poles do not exist, but a virtual point could be imagined around the axis of rotation of the clocks.
Two reminders. First, the phase loop could hold any geometric shape. There is no need to consider that it should always be triangle. The geometric shape held by the loops could be a 1D geometry, or 2D or even 3D structure. Second, a mistake could happen that the invention suggests forming a great circle or only circular loop. The Bloch sphere may not be a sphere as often the case in a Qudit. At the same time the loop that phase evolution follows to create “time” or clock could have any topology.
This process of expansion continues (203).
In
The lower row of
In the classical information theory, by Fourier transformation, the stream of pulses randomly propagating through the device is measured and transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain as shown in 406-407. In the quantum information, a generic idea is given. For example, in the frequency spectrum shown in the graph of
The basic structural feature of the material that processes geometric musical language (GML) is described in
Any cavity cannot produce cyclic vibrations or rhythms; a cavity requires a particular composition of cavities inside. The compositions of cavities are such that as a whole the system acts as a harmonic oscillator energy transfer among the constituent oscillators cycles in a loop. All constituent cavities exchange energy with their neighbors as synchronized local groups following a strict time period, as a result, an energy packet moves from a set of cavities to another inside the same host cavity. This is how a cavity resonator operates; the rhythmic cycle of a cavity resonator is not produced by its cavity membrane vibration, rather, by its constituent cavities inside. Membrane of a cavity is always the most active center as it primarily exchanges energy with its neighbors to define the cyclic oscillation of its host cavity, above, then it has its own natural vibrations. Finally, the third component, the same membrane acts as a host for its guest cavities inside who define its vibrations too. Therefore, vibrations of a membrane if measured from another cavity resonator system gets perturbed by its host, its own properties and its guests inside along with the cavity resonator network by the system.
Majority of cavity resonators are self-similar as multiple cavities self-assemble to create the cavity resonator of a larger spatial scale. In order to account for neighbors, a fractal function f(z) is essential to represent even a single cavity resonator. However, it should be noted that the imaginary part of each cavity resonator is different, imaginary parts may contribute to the real part of the measurement, however, all imaginary parts cannot mix. Imaginary part of a cavity under consideration does change via other imaginary parts f{f(z)}. However, imaginary part is an imaginary function of other parts. Hence, the imaginary parts change too as a function of time.
In the basic architecture of the elementary material in different layers the resonance frequency domain differs widely and therefore a little change in structure arrangement can bring a complete dissimilar frequency band patterns. Thus a shift from structure 501 to 502 the corresponding output frequency band patterns 503 is changed to widely different distributions. 503 also outlines the phase associated with each peak. Note that experimentally, the value of frequency and the value of phase alone cannot allow one to plot the 3D Bloch sphere architecture shown in
602 shows how exactly geometric musical language stores a decision. Here, on a single clock, three guest clocks, each holding a typical geometric shape are placed. Even one of the guest clock acts as a host for another clock that holds a 3D geometric shape. To its right, the equivalent 3D time crystal architecture is shown. This structure could act as decision making. Schematic presentation of
One to one correspondence between the clock and their corresponding signal output is described in the
In the material structure 1101, where several clocks are nested with each other, as shown in the
In
Every language has letters to construct their sentences. So does geometric musical language (GML). Unlike human languages, here, letters are not static. These are morphing geometries as shown in
The clocking could be used to store very delicate patterns by connecting to the density of guest clocks on its surface. One such example is shown in the
One experimental data is shown in
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-150171 | Aug 2017 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2018/028962 | 8/2/2018 | WO | 00 |
