INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
All publications and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
FIELD
Described herein are various embodiments of unweighting systems for unweighting or offsetting an individual's load and methods of using such systems.
BACKGROUND
Methods of counteracting gravitational forces on the human body have been devised for therapeutic applications as well as physical training. Rehabilitation from orthopedic injuries or neurological conditions often benefits from precision unweighting (i.e. partial weight bearing) therapy.
Differential Air Pressure (DAP) systems have been developed to use air pressure in, for example, a sealed chamber to simulate a low gravity effect and support a patient at his center of gravity without the inconvenience of water-based therapies. DAP systems generally utilize a chamber for applying differential air pressure to a portion of a user's body. In order to use these systems, an air-tight seal must be established with the user's body. This seal typically requires that a close-fitting garment be worn. Wearing this close-fitting garment over other garments worn by the user, in addition to the necessary presence of the pressurized air chamber surrounding the user, however, can cause discomfort and/or restriction of the natural arm swing as the user moves. Moreover, in some instances, an individual may have limited or low degree of mobility, which may hinder his ability to access the chamber and/or garment.
An alternative to DAP systems are the less expensive traditional methods of counteracting the effects of gravity by suspending a person using a body harness to reduce ground impact forces. Suspension systems can be inexpensive in that these systems can be used with a user's existing home gym or exercise equipment. However, currently available harness systems are often uncomfortable and result in direct vertical lifting that can distribute weight unnaturally and uncomfortably on the user's body. Harness systems often employ the use of bungee or tensioning cords and cables that need to be hooked or unhooked to harnesses worn by the users. The harnesses themselves are generally uncomfortable as pressure points develop where the lifting force pulls on the user's body. In some cases, prolonged use with these harness suspension systems can result in injuries that range from mild skin abrasion or contusions to musculoskeletal injury.
As such, a need exists for a garment design that can be used with inexpensive unweighting system such as suspension systems and/or DAP systems that allow users to comfortably unload a portion of their weight. Additionally, a need exists for a garment design that can be used easily by users with mobility impairments.
SUMMARY
Embodiments described herein provide unweighting garments with force distribution portions to comfortably distribute a lifting or suspension force on a user's body. Moreover, embodiments described include access features and size adjusters allowing users to easily put on and take off the unweighting garments.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing having two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user and a waist portion configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. A pair of force distribution sections is within or attached to the article of clothing. Each force distribution section extends from one of the attachment mechanisms and along one of the leg portions. The pair of force distribution sections is configured to distribute a force acting on the pair of attachment mechanisms to the legs of the user when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing having two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user. A waist portion is configured to fit proximate to hips of the user, and a buttocks portion is configured to fit over the user's buttocks. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. At least one force distribution section is attached to the article of clothing. The at least one force distribution section is coupled to the pair of attachment mechanisms and extends through the buttocks portion. The at least one force distribution section is configured to distribute a force acting on the attachment mechanisms to the buttocks of the user when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes a main body having two layers. The main body includes two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user. A buttocks portion is configured to fit around the user's buttocks, and a waist portion is configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. One or more force distribution sections are configured as straps between two of the layers of the main body. The one or more force distribution sections extends from the pair of attachment mechanisms and along both leg portions or the buttocks portion. The one or more force distribution sections are configured to distribute a force acting on the attachment mechanisms to the legs or buttocks of the user when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing having two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user. A buttocks portion is configured to fit around the user's buttocks, and a waist portion is configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. One or more force distribution sections are attached to the article of clothing. The one or more force distribution sections include a material of different load response characteristics than the rest of the garment so as to apply that load characteristic to the user in a desired physiologic zone when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing including two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user and a waist portion configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. One or more force distribution sections includes panels configured to tighten or loosen relative to one another so as to provide custom-adjusted loading to the user's hips and legs when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing including two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user and a waist portion configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A belt is in the waist portion. The belt is configured to extend circumferentially around the user and includes at least one rigid member. A pair of attachment mechanisms is coupled to the rigid belt. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight The belt is configured to distribute force from the attachment mechanisms to a circumferential area around the user's hips when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes an article of clothing including two leg portions configured to fit around legs of a user and a waist portion configured to fit proximate to hips of the user. A pair of attachment mechanisms is in the waist portion. The pair of attachment mechanisms is configured to attach the article of clothing to a device for unloading a portion of the user's weight. At least one force distribution section is attached to the article of clothing. The force distribution section is configured to distribute a lifting force acting on the attachment mechanisms from outside of the hips to in-line with the hips so as to prevent rotation of the legs caused by the lifting force when the article of clothing is attached to the device and the portion of the user's weight is unloaded.
Any of these embodiments can include one or more of the following features. The article of clothing can be a pair of shorts. The unweighting garment can further include a force distribution section coupled with the belt that can extend into a leg portion or buttocks portion. The force distribution section can be configured to further distribute the force from the attachment mechanisms to the legs or buttocks of the user. The force distribution section(s) can be configured to distribute force placed on the attachment mechanism to a thigh or hamstring of the user when the article of clothing is attached to the device. The force distribution section(s) may not overlap with a crotch area of the article of clothing. The force distribution sections(s) can be configured to distribute force placed on the attachment mechanism to the legs or buttocks of the user while the user is running or walking. The force distribution section(s) can at least partially encircle each of the leg portions of the article of clothing. At least one force distribution section can be a strap. There can be a plurality of straps. The plurality of straps can overlap one another such that the pair of attachment mechanisms can be coupled with each strap of the plurality of straps. The material can be a two-way stretch fabric that, when pulled in one direction, shrinks in another direction. The belt can include a plurality of rigid members. The rigid members can be articulatable with respect to one another. The force distribution section(s) can be configured to apply tensile force to the user along predetermined lines, sectors, or portions. The force distribution section(s) can be configured to apply circumferential force to the user. The force distribution section(s) can include nylon, neoprene, spandex, elastic fibers, an elastomeric polymer, cotton, or canvas. The force distribution section(s) can include a woven structure with biaxial or triaxial weaving. The material can include a garment having a fiber orientation, weave, or strand orientation that is different from the rest of the garment. The force distribution section(s) and the article of clothing can be sewn together or seamlessly joined. The force distribution section(s) can be under or overlaid on top of a layer of the article of clothing. The unweighting garment can further include at least one additional attachment element. The panels can be configured to tighten or loosen with a closing mechanism. The closing mechanism can include a lacing system, a cinching mechanism, hooks, laces, buckles, buttons, Velcro, or a zipper. The closing mechanism can be configured to extend axially down a lateral side of the user's leg. The pair of attachment element can be each attached to the article of clothing through a panel. The unweighting garment can further include a rigid member configured to further distribute the force. The pair of attachment mechanisms can include hooks, clips, lops, or Velcro. A strap can be configured to extend substantially axially down a lateral side of the user's leg. A strap can be configured to extend across a user's thigh. A strap can be configured to extend across a portion of the user's buttocks. A crotch area of the article of clothing can include four-way stretch fabric.
In general, in one embodiment, an unweighting garment includes a main body having a waist section. The main body includes a stretchable, breathable material. A left leg member and a right leg member are adapted to cover the left and right thighs of a wearer. A force distribution section, where the force distribution section is integrated with the main body is adapted to distribute a lifting force applied at the waist section to an area along the user's thighs.
Any of these embodiments can include one or more of the following features. Each leg member can include a force distribution section. The force distribution section can include a fabric weave. The fabric weave can include a biaxial weave. The fabric weave can include a triaxial weave. The force distribution section can be adapted to compress the user's thighs when the lifting force is applied to the user. The garment can further include an attachment element adapted to couple the garment with an unweighting system. The force distribution section can include a multi-directional stretch fabric. The force distribution section can partially surround the user's thighs. The force distribution section can distribute the lifting force when stretched. The force distribution section can compress the user's thighs when stretched. The force distribution section can comprise a nonwoven material. The force distribution section can include fabric panels. The force distribution section can include reinforcing fabric panels extending from the waist section to a leg cuff. The force distribution section can include a plurality of fabric panels connecting at an intermediate point. The force distribution section can include a plurality of longitudinal elastic fabric strips extending from the waist section to a leg cuff. The fabric strips can intersect at a point on the waist section. The main body and the force distribution section can include the same stretchable, breathable material. The force distribution section can include a tensioning force in a stretched state that is greater than the tensioning force of the main body in a stretched state. The garment can further include a garment leg size adjuster. The adjuster can include a lacing system. The adjuster can include a zipper. The adjuster can include Velcro. The leg members can be adapted to extend beyond the user's thighs. The leg members can be adapted to extend to the user's feet. The garment can be a pair of pants. The force distribution section can partially surround the user's calves. The garment can further include at least one lifting point that can be attached to a structural section, where the structural section can be adapted to distribute lifting force around the hips or waist of the user. A portion of the garment can be positioned, selected or modified in order to use the gluteus maximus of the user as the primary lifting or support area in an unweighted exercise environment.
In general, in one embodiment, a method of unweighting a user includes: (1) aligning a lifting strap about a portion of a thigh by placing a leg of a user in a garment; (2) raising the garment to align a pair of attachment mechanisms proximate to a user's hip; (3) attaching the attachment mechanisms to an unloading device; and (4) unloading a portion of the user's weight while the attachment mechanism is attached to the unloading device.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the claims that follow. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention will be obtained by reference to the following detailed description that sets forth illustrative embodiments, in which the principles of the invention are utilized, and the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a pair of unweighting shorts according to some embodiments.
FIGS. 2A-B illustrates the fiber structure of the force distribution section and main body of an unweighting garment.
FIG. 3 is a pair of unweighting shorts according to other embodiments.
FIG. 4 is a pair of unweighting shorts according to other embodiments.
FIG. 5 is a pair of unweighting shorts according to other embodiments.
FIG. 6 shows forces placed on a user during unweighting.
FIGS. 7A-7B shows a pair of unweighting shorts with two attachment elements.
FIGS. 8A-8B shows a pair of unweighting shorts with six attachment elements.
FIG. 9 illustrates a cross-section of the shorts in FIGS. 8A-8B.
FIG. 10 illustrates a pair of unweighting shorts and force distribution by the shorts during unweighting.
FIG. 11 illustrates a user unweighted while running in the unweighted shorts of FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 illustrates a pair of size adjustable shorts.
FIG. 13 illustrates an alternative embodiment of size adjustable shorts.
FIG. 14 illustrates an alternative embodiment of size adjustable shorts.
FIG. 15 shows a pair of shorts with a force distribution section on the side of a leg member.
FIG. 16 shows a pair of shorts with a force distribution section on each leg member.
FIG. 17 shows the stretch directions for material that may be used for the force distribution section.
FIG. 18 shows a pair of shorts with two force distribution section separated by a portion of the main body.
FIGS. 19A-19B shows a pair of shorts with and without force distribution sections.
FIGS. 20A-20C illustrates the stretched state of a force distribution section.
FIG. 21 shows a plurality of attachment members on a pair of shorts.
FIG. 22 illustrates a pair of shorts including a belt.
FIG. 22A shows an exemplary belt with articulating members.
FIG. 23 shows a pair of unweighting pants according to some embodiments.
FIG. 24 shows an attachment member having a roller.
FIG. 25A-B shows cross-section of a roller pulley.
FIG. 26 shows a pair of unweighting pants according to some embodiments.
FIG. 27 shows a front view of the pants in FIG. 26.
FIG. 28 shows a rear view of the pants in FIG. 26.
FIG. 29 shows the force distribution panels of the pants in FIG. 26.
FIG. 30 shows force distribution along force distribution panels.
FIG. 31 shows a rear view of a garment including support straps configured to sit under or around the user's buttocks.
FIG. 32 shows a rear view of another garment including support straps configured to sit under or around the user's buttocks.
FIGS. 33A-33C show a garment including fabrics of different load characteristics. FIG. 33A is a front view. FIG. 33B is a side view. FIG. 33C is a back view.
FIGS. 34A-34C show another garment including fabrics or panels of different load characteristics. FIG. 34A is a front view. FIG. 34B is a side view. FIG. 34C is a back view.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Described herein are garments, such as shorts, configured to distribute a load during unweighting of a user. The garments can be configured to include a waist portion that sits proximate to a user's hips and leg portions configured to cover or surround a user's upper legs. The garment can include a pair of attachment mechanisms configured to attach to an unweighting device and one or more force distribution configured to distribute force to the user's thighs when a force is placed on the attachment mechanisms.
FIGS. 6 and 7A show the placement of components of the garments described herein relative to a user's body. Referring to FIG. 6, an exemplary garment 700 shaped as shorts can have a waist section 703 configured to surround, overlap, or sit proximate to a user's hips 300. Thus, the waist section 703 can surround the space bounded by the iliac crest 304, the ilium 306, and the acetabelum 308. A pair of attachment mechanisms 702a,b can be connected to the shorts within the waist portion 703 (such as near the top of the waist sections at or just above the iliac crest 304). The attachment mechanisms 702a,b can be configured to attach to an unweighting system, such as those described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/236,952, filed Sep. 28, 2005, titled “SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING AIR PRESSURE ON A PORTION Of THE BODY OF AN INDIVIDUAL,” now U.S. Pat. No. 7,591,795; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/761,316, filed Apr. 15, 2010, titled “SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR DIFFERENTIAL AIR PRESSURE DEVICES,” now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011-0098615-A1; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/778,747, filed May 12, 2010, titled “DIFFERENTIAL AIR PRESSURE SYSTEMS,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,464,716; International Application No. XXX,XXX, filed Mar. 5, 2014, and titled “CURVED ARCH UNWEIGHTING SYSTEMS;” International Application No. XXX,XXX, filed Mar. 5, 2014, and titled “MONOCOLUMN UNWEIGHTING SYSTEMS;” U.S. Patent Provisional Application No. 61/784,510, filed Mar. 14, 2013, and titled “CANTILEVERED UNWEIGHTING SYSTEMS;” and U.S. Patent Provisional Application No. 61/784,387, filed Mar. 14, 2013, and titled “SUPPORT FRAME AND RELATED UNWEIGHTING SYSTEM,” the entireties of which are incorporated by reference herein. Further, leg members 106a,b can be configured to surround at least a portion of the user's femur 302.
As described further below, the garments described herein (such as garment 700) can further include force distribution sections (not shown in FIG. 6) configured to distribute force applied to the attachment mechanisms 702a,b during unweighting. That is, when the user is attached to an unweighting system via the attachment mechanisms 702a,b, various upward and/or lateral force (shown by force arrow 710) is applied to the attachment elements 702a,b, thereby pulling the shorts 700 (and the user) upwardly and/or laterally. If no force distribution sections are present, then the force can be uncomfortably heavily exerted on the user's crotch or groin area 716, as shown by the force arrow 712. Further, without force distribution sections, the upward or lateral lift force may cause torque near the hips 300 or the femur 302 that causes the user's legs to move outward (as shown by force arrow 714), causing instability. The force distribution sections described herein can thus counteract these undesirable rotations or pressure points.
A similar garment 1100 is shown in FIGS. 7A-7B. The garment 1100 includes a waist portion 1103 that rests just at or above the hips 300 of the user and two leg members 1106a,b. Two attachment elements 1102a,b sit in the waist portion 103, such as just above the hips 300 of the user. The garments described herein can further include force distribution sections (not shown in FIG. 7A) to distribute force applied to the attachment mechanisms 1102a,b. Thus, when an upward or later force (shown by the arrow 710) is applied to the attachment elements 702a,b, the force distribution sections can distribute or transfer the load, thereby avoiding unwanted pressure points or rotations.
The force distribution sections can allow unweighting force (e.g. lifting force) and/or the unloaded weight of the user to be more evenly distributed. FIG. 19A shows the distribution of unweighting forces in a garment 3000 without a force distribution section where the unweighting lifting force (shown by arrow 3010) is applied near the user's hips. As the lifting force lifts against the shorts, the shorts will naturally slide upward on the user's legs. This can result in a substantial amount of pressure and force being focused on the user's crotch area (as shown by arrows 3012) to carry the unloaded user weight. This is uncomfortable and can cause injury. In contrast, FIG. 19B shows a garment 4000 (pair of shorts) having force distribution sections 4008a,b on the sides of each leg portion 4006a,b. When an unweighting force such as a lifting force (shown by arrows 4010) is applied to attachment elements 4002a,b near the user's hips, the unweighting force is distributed through the force distribution sections 4008a,b and down the user's legs (as shown by arrows 4012). Moreover, the user experiences unloading force from the hips and from the lower thigh area rather than substantially in the groin area. Advantageously, distributing the unweighting force prevents the garment from “riding up” on the user and provides overall comfort during unweighting.
Thus, referring to FIG. 1, a garment 100 can include a main body 101 and force distribution sections 108a,b. The main body 101 can be shaped as shorts with a waist section 103 and two leg members 106a,b. The main body 101 can include the portions of the garment in contact or surrounding the user's body part(s). The main body 101 may be distinguished from the force distribution section in type of fabric or material, area of the user's body covered, and/or mechanical or physical properties, such as the ability to distribute unweighting force or the user's load. The main body 101 can be formed from a stretchable, breathable material. Suitable materials include natural fibers such as cotton or canvas and synthetic fibers such as nylon, neoprene, spandex, elastic fibers, elastomeric polymers (e.g. polyethylene), Lycra, or any blends of materials.
As described in the embodiments above, the waist section 103 may also include one or more attachment elements 102a,b for attaching the garment to an unweighting system. The attachment elements 102a,b can include any mechanical means or mechanism for attaching or coupling the garment to an unweighting system, such as hooks, clips, loops, or Velcro. The attachment elements 102a,b may be attached to both the main body 101 and/or the force distribution section 108a,b. For example, in the case where a force distribution section 108a,b is placed onto of textiles or fabrics of the main body 101, the attachment element 102a,b may be fixed or secured to both fabrics.
The leg members 106a,b can extend from the waist section 103. In some embodiments, leg cuffs 107 can be placed at an end of the leg members 106a,b. In some embodiments, the leg members 106a,b have a length sufficient to cover and surround the user's thighs. In further embodiments, the leg members 106a,b may reach from the user's hips to partway down their thighs. In other embodiments, the leg members 106a,b may reach from above the user's waist and down to below the knees. In still other embodiments, the leg members may extend to the user's ankles or above the user's feet.
The force distribution sections 108a,b can extend from the attachment mechanisms 102a,b into the leg members 106a,b. The force distribution sections 108a,b can include straps made of webbing (e.g., of nylon or polyester), fabrics of different characteristics than the rest of the main body, and/or panels that are configured to cinch together.
In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a,b may redistribute or direct a lifting force applied to the user (i.e., through the attachment mechanisms 102a,b) into tensile force applied along predetermined lines, sectors or portions. In other embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a,b can be used in the garment 100 to convert a portion of a lifting force applied to the garment into a partial, complete or overlapping circumferential compression force. The tensile or compressive forces provided by the one or more force distribution sections 108a,b may assist in keeping the garment 100 in a desired position on the user's body, redistribute forces that would otherwise cause pain or unwanted rotation, and/or prevent the garment 100 from riding up the user's body during use. In some embodiments, a force distribution section 108a,b may include aspects that provide both tensile (lift) force distribution and compressive force distribution.
Suitable materials suited for use with the force distribution section 108a,b include, for example, natural fibers such as cotton or canvas and synthetic fibers such as nylon, neoprene, spandex, elastic fibers, elastomeric polymers (e.g. polyethylene), Lycra, or any blends of materials. In some embodiments, the fabrics used in a force distribution section 108a,b may have a weight of about 8 ounces/square yard, 12 ounces/square yard, or 10.9 ounces/square yard. The force distribution section may, additionally or alternatively, also include either a nonwoven or woven structure. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a,b may include or be lined with a stretchable, breathable material.
In some cases, the force distribution sections 108a,b employ a woven structure with multi-directional weaving. For example, the woven structure may be a biaxial or triaxial braiding or weaving of the fabric fibers. In some embodiments, the force distribution section 1108a,b is made of a mesh or netted weave that is woven with large gaps or holes. In one aspect, the fabric is cut on a bias and incorporated into the garment so that the lifting force causes the fabric section to contract in a predetermined way (i.e., determined by the fabric cut, fiber orientation, weave, strand orientation and the like alone or in combination). In one example, the lifting force acts on the material of the force distribution section 108a,b that responds by tightening the grip of the garment on a portion of the user's body that is within the garment. In other embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a,b are made from a fabric 108a,b that has variable movement in different directions.
The main body 101 and the force distribution sections 108a,b can be attached together in any suitable manner. In some embodiments, the main body 101 and the force distribution sections 108a,b are integrated together, such as by being sewn together or seamlessly joined (or threaded) together, on a fiber level. In some embodiments, the force distribution section can be under or overlaid on the main body 101. For example, a woven or mesh fabric may be placed over the fabric of the main body. In other embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a,b are enclosed within another material that forms the garment 100. For example, shorts or pants suited for use as an unweighting garment may have an outer shell and an inner liner. For both ease of use, comfort and appearance, the force distribution section 108a,b may be disposed between the outer shell and inner liner and attached to one or both of the liner/shell.
Further, the main body 101 and the force distribution sections 108a,b may be made from the same or different materials. Further, in some embodiments, the structure and materials within either the main body 101 or the force distribution sections 108a,b may vary within the respective sections. For example, the weave of the force distribution sections 108a,b may be a biaxial weave in one section and a triaxial weave in another section. Similarly, the main body may 101 include a moisture wicking and friction reducing material at, for example, the crotch area, to keep the user comfortable during movement.
The description of the various components and aspects of FIGS. 1, 6, 7, and 19B above can be applicable to any garment described herein. Specific examples are described below. Similar reference numerals have been used to indicate like elements. However, it is to be understand that components described with respect to one or more specific examples are interchangeable with components described with respect to any other specific examples.
Referring to the more specific features of FIG. 1, the main body 101 spans an area around the user's groin to a portion of the waist section 103 inward from the user's hips. The two force distribution sections 108a, b are attached to the main body 101 so as to form the rest of the garment 100 (i.e., to form shorts). Each force distribution section 108a-b extends from an area around the user's hip at the attachment mechanisms 102a,b to the end of the leg members 106a,b near the leg cuff 107. Further, in the specific embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the force distribution sections 108a,b are each narrower at the top near the user's hip than at the bottom near the user's leg or thigh so as to avoid a crotch area 117 of the shorts (thereby avoiding the placement of force on the user's groin area). Further, the force distribution sections 108a,b can together at least partially surround the user's hips while each force distributions section 108a,b can at least partially surround a portion of the user's legs. As shown in FIG. 1, the force distribution sections 108a-b substantially surround the area of the user's leg above the leg cuff 107 and below the crotch area 117 (i.e. extend circumferentially around each leg member 106a,b), but do not completely surround the user's waist. Although FIG. 1 shows the front of the garment 100 having the force distribution sections 108a-b, it can be appreciated that the back of the garment 100 has the same or similar architecture. In other embodiments, the back of the garment 100 may have a different force distribution section, for example, the entire back of the garment 100 may provide force distribution. This may be advantageous where the front of the garment 100 near the crotch area 117 must be relatively free of force distribution to prevent unwanted tensioning, tightening, or compression of the crotch area. In use, when a lifting force is applied to the attachment elements 102a,b, of garment 100, the force distribution sections 108a,b can transfer force from the side of the user's hips along and/or around the legs (such as the thighs) of the user.
Another example of an unweighting garment 2200 with a force distribution section 2208 is shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 15 shows a garment 2200 (formed as a pair of shorts) with a waist section 2203 and a force distribution section 2208. In this embodiment, the force distribution section extends through an attachment mechanism 2202 in the waist portion 2203 and linearly down a side of a leg member 2206. The force distribution section 2208 can be, for example, placed on top of the main body 2201 (i.e., as an additional piece of fabric above the fabric of the main body). Alternatively, the leg member may be made such that the force distribution section 2208 is attached between two portions of the main body 2201. The force distribution section 2208 can be, for example, a mesh or woven fabric. In use, a lifting force applied to the attachment mechanism 2202 can be transferred through the force distribution section 2208 from the outside of the user's hips down the side of the user's leg.
Anther exemplary unweighting garment 2700 with force distribution sections 2708a,b is shown in FIG. 18. FIG. 18 shows the side of a leg member for a pair of shorts 2700 where two force distribution sections 2708a,b are vertically (when worn by the user standing upright) separated by a portion of the main body. Both the first and second force distribution portions 2708a,b can be connected to an attachment element 2702 (here shown as a hook) through a strip of fabric or panel 2719 within or over the main body 2701. The panel 2719, in combination with the force distribution sections 2708a,b, can transfer a lifting force applied to the attachment element 2702 from the outside of the hips of the user down the side of the user's leg.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 1000 with force distributions sections 1008a-e is shown in FIG. 3. The garment 1000 includes a waist section 1003 with attachment elements 1002 therein as well as leg members 1006a,b extending from the waist section 1003. Each of the force distribution sections 108a-e is a fabric panel or strap that extends at least part of the length or width of the garment 1000. The garment can further include a belt strip 1012 in the waist portion 1003 and configured to extend circumferentially around the garment 1000, such as through each of the attachment elements 1002a,b. As shown in FIG. 3, all of the force distribution sections 108a-e can either attach to or extend through the belt strip 1012 or overlap with one another, thereby allowing force to transfer from the attachment elements 1002a,b to the belt strip 1012, and ultimately to the force distribution sections 1008a-e. Further, the force distribution sections 108a-e can be configured so as to avoid the crotch area 117 of the garment, thereby avoiding the placement of forces on the user's groin. It is can appreciated that any number of force distribution sections 108a-e may be used on the garment 1000 as is suitable for distributing the force around the user's body. Additionally, it can be appreciated that the back and front of the garment 1000 may have the same or different architecture and structure.
Referring still to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the strips forming the force distribution sections 1008a-e extend from the waist portion 1003 to the end 1004a-b of the leg member 1006a-b. The force distribution sections 1008a,b may be coupled to the main body 1001 or to one another in the waist section 1003 (such as to the belt 1012) or anywhere above the crotch section 117 of the garment 1000. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 1008a,b may not extend the entire length of the garment 1000. For example, force distribution section 1008c extends circumferentially from a connecting (strap overlap) point 1018 on the front of the garment 1000 around a portion of the leg member 1006a. As shown, the force distribution sections 1008a,b,c overlap at a connection point 1008a while the force distribution sections 1018e,f overlap at a connection point 1018b. The connection point(s) 1018 may be anywhere on the garment 1000, other examples of which are described further below.
In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a-e of the garment 1000 of FIG. 3 are attached onto the main body 1001 of the garment 1000. For example, the force distribution sections 108a-e are overlaid on the main body 1001. In other embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a-e are distinct components joined or attached to the main body 1001, such as by sewing or stitching the panels between unconnected portions of the main body 1001. In further embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a-e are seamlessly joined to the main body 1001 by altering the structure of the garment 1000 on a fiber level. The force distribution sections 108a-e may be a material different from the main body 1001, such as a woven material joined to the nonwoven web of the main body 1001.
Further, in some embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a-e of the garment 1000 of FIG. 3 can extend along an axis or parallel to an axis (such as the longitudinal axis) of the garment 1000. In other embodiments, the force distribution sections 108a-e extend in a slanted or oblique direction relative to an axis of the garment 1000. For example, force distribution section 1008a can extend substantially parallel one the longitudinal axis of the garment 1000 while the rest of the force distribution sections 1008b-e can be positioned at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the garment 1000.
In use, a lifting force applied to the attachment elements 1002a,b can be transferred through the belt strip 1012 to each of the force distribution sections 1008a,b either directly or through an overlapping force distribution section 1008a,b. This transferring of force can move the force away from the outside of the user's hips and spread it over and around the user's legs, such as the user's thighs.
Another exemplary garment 1200 with force distribution sections 1208a,b,c is shown in FIG. 4. Similar to the garment 1000 of FIG. 3, the force distribution sections 1208a-c of garment 1200 are configured as overlapping straps or panels. The three force distribution sections 1218a,b,c of garment 1200 all extend from a common connection 1218 on the waist 1203 and then splay outwards to different locations at the end 1204 of the leg member 1206. Force distribution section 1208b extends the length of the leg member 1206 along a longitudinal axis 1210. Force distribution sections 1208a and 1208c extend obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis 1210. The garment 1200 further includes an attachment element 1202 at or near the connection 1218. In use, force applied to the attachment element 1202 can be transferred down all of the strips 1208a,b,c, thereby transferring the force from outside of the user's hips down the side of the user's leg.
Another exemplary garment 1300 with force distribution sections 1308a,b is shown in FIG. 5. The force distribution sections 1308a,b extend through the waist section 1303 and through a majority of the leg members 1306a,b (including front and back) while avoiding the crotch area 1317. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 1308a,b can merge in some sections. The force distribution sections 1308a,b wrap around the user's leg area and cover at least a portion of the user's backside. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 1308a,b may constitute the entire backside of the garment 1300. Any shape may be used for the force distribution sections 1308a,b. Shapes include triangles, trapezoids, curved shapes such as catenary or parabolic curves. In use, force applied to attachment elements on the shorts can be transferred throughout the shorts to the hips and legs of the user while avoiding the user's groin area.
Another exemplary garment 2600 with force distribution sections 2608a,b,c,d is shown in FIG. 20A. The force distribution sections 2608a-d can include patches of material at or near the hips (sections 2608a,b) and near the bottom 2604 of the leg members 2606a,b (sections 2608c,d). Further, the force distribution sections 2608a,b can be overlapping with or connected to (such as through a strap or connector) the attachment elements 2602a,b. As shown in FIG. 20A, the sections 2608c,d at the bottom can be tapered such that more material is included towards the outside of the leg members 2606a,b than towards the crotch area 2617. Further, the force distribution sections 2608a-d can be formed of a mesh material that, when pulled vertically, stretches axially and compresses vertically. Thus, in use, when a lifting force (shown by arrows 2604) is applied to the attachment mechanisms 2602a,b, the force distribution sections 2608a-d (coupled with the attachment mechanisms 2602a,b) can stretch vertically, thus placing a compressive force (shown by arrows 2661) around an adjacent body part. FIG. 20B shows a force distribution section 2608 in an unstretched neutral state. Further, FIG. 20C shows the force distribution section 2608 in a stretched state. As shown, the length is stretched and elongated while the thickness is shortened and pulled inward. For example, where the force distribution section 2608 is next to a user's lower thigh, the force distribution section 2608 would tighten around the user's lower thigh. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections may include a plurality of compressing and tightening sections as well as a plurality of non-compressing sections. For example, the material and placement of the force distribution section may be selected to prevent substantial compression on the upper thigh while at the same time supporting compression near the area above the user's knee. In some embodiments, the force distribution section may provide a compressive force at opposing ends while stretched. FIG. 20C shows opposing ends 2212 and 2216 with compressive forces while the force distribution section 2218 is stretched.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 2300 with force distribution sections 2308a,b is shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 16 shows force distribution sections 2308a,b forming substantially all of the leg members 2306a,b of a pair of shorts 2300. The main body 2301 (including the crotch area 2317) is joined to the force distribution sections 2308a,b to form the garment 2300. In one embodiment, the material for the main body 2301 and the force distribution sections 2308a,b can be the same with only the fiber structure differing. For example, the main body 2301 may have a nonwoven web fiber structure 111 (FIG. 2B) whereas the force distribution portion comprises a biaxial fiber weave 109 (FIG. 2A). Further, the main body 2301 and the force distribution sections 2308a,b may differ in the stretchability of the materials used for each. For example, the force distribution sections 2308a,b use a fabric that allows greater horizontal stretching compared to vertical stretching. This may be different from the fabric used for the main body 2301. FIG. 17 shows a fabric 2500 that exhibits greater stretchability in the horizontal direction 2504 compared with the vertical direction 2502. In some cases, the fabric is woven to minimize movement in one axis of direction. In other embodiments, alternatively, the fabric may have similar stretchability in multiple directions. In use, lifting force applied to the garment 2300 can be transferred throughout the user's hips and legs while avoiding the user's groin area.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 5100 with force distribution sections 5108a-d is shown in FIGS. 8A-8B. The force distribution sections 5108a-d can be configured as overlapping straps, as described in other embodiments above. Furthermore, the garment 5100 includes a plurality of attachment elements 5102 in the waist section 5103 (such as more than two). As shown in FIGS. 8A-8B, each attachment element 5102 can be placed such that it is coupled with a force distribution section 5108a-d. In one embodiment, every force distribution section 5108a-d that extends into the waist section 5103 includes a corresponding attachment element 5108a-d. As shown, the shorts 5100 include six attachment members 5102 distributed along the waist 5103 of the garment 5100. Although shown as having six attachment members in FIGS. 8A-8B, it can be appreciated that any number of attachment members, e.g. two or more may be used. FIG. 21, for example, shows a garment 2000 including eight attachment members 2002. Using a plurality of attachment members advantageously spreads the unweighting force across a larger area 207a-b of the waist, which stabilizes unweighting to prevent falls. FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of the user's waist in FIGS. 8A-8B where the user is suspended by cables or tensioning cords 402 from the waist. The unweighting load force is spread over a larger area of the waist sections 207a-b.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 2100 is shown in FIGS. 22 and 22A. The garment 2100 includes a rigid structure or belt 2104 surrounding the waist portion 2103. The belt 2104 can act as a force distribution section and can thus distribute force from two attachment points 2102 around the entire belt 2104. In some embodiments, the belt 2104 includes articulating members. In some embodiments, the belt 2104 can be a rigid ring that extends the entire circumference of the waist 2103 of the garment 2100. In use, the belt 2104 may allow lift from just the sides of the garment (i.e. applied to attachment elements 2102a,b) to be transmitted more evenly along the entire circumference of the waist 2103 of the garment (and thus at or around the circumference of the user's hips).
Another alternative embodiment of an unweighting garment 1400 with a force distribution section 1408 is shown in FIG. 12. The force distribution section includes one or more panels 1488a,b in each leg portion 1406 (only one leg portion is shown in the side view of FIG. 12) that are cinchable with a closing mechanism, such as the lacing system 1482. Other cinching mechanisms include hooks, laces, buckles, buttons, Velcro, zippers, etc. When cinched down, the force distribution section 1408 can cause compression on the user's leg(s), thereby allowing force applied to an attachment mechanism 1402 to be transferred throughout the leg portion 1406. A similar garment 1500 is shown in FIG. 13 (where force distribution section 1508 includes panels 1588a,b that are cinched together with a zipper 1582). Another similar garment 1600 is shown in FIG. 14 (where force distribution section 1608 includes panels 1688a,b that are cinched together with Velcro 1682).
Another exemplary garment 8500 with force distribution sections 8508a-j is shown in FIGS. 26-28. The garment 8500 can be shaped as pants and include a main body 8501 including a waist section 8502 and leg members 8506a,b. Attachment elements 8502 can be placed within the waist section 8502. The force distribution sections 8508a-f can be straps that extend from the attachment elements 8502 and/or overlap with one another. Further, the force distribution sections 8508a-j can extend longitudinally down the length of the user's leg and/or across a portion of the user's leg. For example, a force distribution section 8508a extends lengthwise down the outer side of leg member 8506b from the user's waist to the user's ankle or lower calf area above the ankles (while a corresponding force distribution section 8508e extends lengthwise down the side of the opposite leg member 8506a). Similarly, the force distribution sections 8508b,f and 8508c,g extend from the waist 8503 to an area above the knee on the user's backside and front-side, respectively. Additionally, force distribution sections 8508d,h are placed over an area of the respective leg member 8506a,b so as to surround or cover a user's upper leg above the knee. Moreover, force distribution sections 8508i,j are placed around the leg members 8506a,b to surround or cover a user's leg above the ankles. Although, force panels are shown in horizontal, vertical, longitudinal, or transverse orientations, it is can be appreciated that any orientation or number of force panels may be used for unweighting.
The front-side longitudinal distribution sections 8508c,g are attached to the transverse force distribution sections 8508d,h at attachment points 8511. In some embodiments, the attachment point 8511 between the two force distribution sections 8508c,g and 8508d,h has less stretchability relative to the stretchability of the fabric of the force distribution sections 8508c,g and 8508d,h. The front-side longitudinal force distribution section 8508c,g is also attached to the main body 8501 at or near the location where an unweight force, such as a lifting force is applied. For example, FIGS. 26-28 show the front-side longitudinal distribution sections 8508c,g attached to the main body 8501 near an attachment hook 8502 for attaching the unweighting pants 8500 to an unweighting device that provides an unweighting force. Similarly, the backside longitudinal force distribution section 8508b,f is attached to the transverse force distribution section 8508d,h on the backside of the pants 8500 at an attachment point 8509. The attachment point 8509 may also exhibit reduced stretchability (or no stretchability) relative to the fabric of the force distribution sections 8508b,f and 8508d,h. Additionally, the backside longitudinal force distribution section 8508b,f is also attached to the main body 8501 at or near a location where an unweighting force is applied to the garment 8500. The force distribution section 8508a,b may, for example, be attached to the waist 8503 or to the same area of the pants 8500 where hooks 8502 are located. In some embodiments, hooks 8502 are used to couple the pants 8500 to an unweighting device, system, or mechanism. A lateral longitudinal force distribution section 8508a,e extends from the waist section 8503 to the end of each leg member 8506a,b. At one end, the lateral force distribution section 8508a,e is attached at or near the waist section 8503 and/or at or near the hooks 8502. At the other end, the lateral force distribution section 8508a,e is attached to a distal transverse force distribution section 8508i,j located at or near the distal end of the respective leg member 8506a,b. The lateral force distribution section 8508a,e may be attached to the distal transverse force distribution section 8508i,j at a connection point 8516. The connection point may exhibit reduced (or no stretchability) relative to the other panels 8508i,j and 8508a,e.
FIG. 29 shows the force distribution sections of the garment 8500 shown in the FIGS. 26-28 with the main body 8501 removed. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 26-29, the lateral longitudinal force distribution section 8508a,e is not attached to a transverse force distribution section 8508d,h near the area adapted to cover or surround the knee of the user. This allows a user wearing the unweighting pants 8500 to rotate her knees without any interfering force from the lateral force distribution panel. In some embodiments, the transverse panels and/or panels that are oriented across the leg as opposed to along the leg length exhibit a slight compressing force against the user when worn. For example, the transverse panels may be designed to be fitted or snugly fitted around the user's leg.
The unweighting pants 8500 of FIGS. 26-28 may assist in comfortable force distribution during unweighting. For example, as shown in FIG. 30, an upward lifting force (shown by arrow 8601) may be applied to the front-side longitudinal force distribution section 8508g when a user wearing the pants 8500 is coupled to an unweighting device. A hook 8502 may be attached to a mating member on the unweighting device or system and the unweighting system may exert a lifting force on the hook 8502 to thereby lift the garment 8500 to unload a portion of the user's weight. The force applied to the front-side longitudinal force distribution section 8508g has a tendency to lift the pants 8500 upward on the user, which could cause sliding of the pants upward on the user to create uncomfortable pressure points (e.g. around crotch area). However, because the front-side longitudinal force distribution section 8508g is attached to the transverse panel 8508h, the lifting force can lift the user partly from the transverse panel 8508h. In some embodiments, the transverse panel 8508h applies a compressive force (shown by arrow 8602) against the adjacent leg area when a lifting force is applied to the garment 8500. Similarly, any of the transverse and longitudinal panels contemplated can distribute or apply forces as described to assist in comfortable unweighting.
In some embodiments, pants (as shown in FIGS. 26-28) may be desirable as an alternative to shorts. For example, in some embodiments, the fabric of shorts are designed to snugly fit around the user's thighs to prevent upward sliding of the garment during unweighting (e.g. prevent ride up of the material). However, with a pair of pants, the upward sliding of the garment during unweighting can be mitigated by the force distribution panels. For example, the distal transverse force distribution section 8508i,j shown in FIG. 26 can be designed to hold the end of the leg member around the user's ankle to prevent upward sliding of the pant leg. This prevents the garment material of the main body 8501 from riding up and causing discomfort. Because the transverse force distribution section 8508i,j prevents sliding of the garment 8500, the main body 8501 may be designed to snugly fit the user's body. In other words, the pants may be worn more loosely relative to the shorts in some embodiments. Additionally, the material for the pants may exhibit relatively less stretchability compared to the shorts. Furthermore, as can be appreciated in the art, the movement and shape of a user's thighs during motion remain relatively the same, whereas the movement and shape of the user's knees and lower legs exhibit greater variability during motion. Accordingly, some embodiments of unweighting pants contemplated provide the user the experience of relatively constant or consistent unweighting and/or lifting during unloading even while the user's knees and lower knee position and shape may vary during motion.
Although shown as having a six longitudinal force distribution panels and two sets of transverse force distribution panels in FIGS. 26-30, it can be appreciated that any number and orientation of the force distribution panels may be used to provide the user a comfortable unweighting experience.
FIG. 23 shows another exemplary garment 2400 formed as pants rather than shorts. The garment 2400 can include force distribution sections 2408a,b and a main body 2401. The force distribution sections may be placed on anywhere suitable on the pants for distributing forces associated with unweighting. For example, the pants may include force distribution sections above or below the knee, below the calf, near the ankle, and/or below the foot. The force distribution sections may employ stretchable compression fabrics such as fabrics that are woven to compress against the user's nearby body part when an unweighting force is applied to the user's hip area.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 3100 with a main body 3101 and force distribution sections 3108a-c is shown in FIG. 31. The force distribution sections 3108a-c can extend from attachment elements 3102 down the back of the garment 3100 to sit just below the gluteus maximus. The gluteus maximum advantageously has the appropriate geometry to lift with and is designed to take pressure. Further, lifting with the gluteus maximum advantageously avoids placing lifting forces in the user's groin. The force distribution sections 3108a-c can be straps, panels, and/or seams that control the stretch of the garment 3100. One or more of the force distribution sections 3108a-c (note that all of the sections can be merged as one single piece) can extend below the buttocks to lift the butt cheeks as the user is unweighted. Thus, force distribution section 3108c can extend just below the buttocks to provide a “seat” while force distribution sections 2108a,b can extend from the attachment element, extend across or just under a butt cheek, and then connect with the force distribution section 3108c. In some embodiments, the force distribution sections 3108a-c can continue to the front of the garment 3100 or the garment 3100 can include additional force distribution sections on the front. In other embodiments, force distribution sections 3108 are only located on the back of the garment 3100. The feel and area of lift can be varied by changing the amount of stretch in the force distribution sections, the width and location of the force distribution sections, the padding between the user and the force distribution sections, how the force distribution sections are coupled to the lifting mechanism, and whether the force distribution sections are additionally secured in place. In use, a force applied to the attachment element 3102 can be transferred through the force distribution sections 3108a,b,c from the sides of the user's hips over and/or around the user's buttocks. In particular, the force distribution section 2108c can provide push vertically on an underside of the user's buttocks.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 3200 having force distribution sections 3208a-h is shown in FIG. 32. The unweighting garment 3200 can configured as a stand-alone harness or it can be a part of a main body (such as shorts, pants, etc.) as described with respect to other embodiments above. The force distribution sections 3208a-h can be configured as straps. One force distribution section 3208a can be configured to encircle the user's hips to distribute force placed on the attachment element 3202 (shown here in the center front of the garment 3200). Force distribution sections 3208g,h can extend axially down the sides of the user's legs to the force distribution sections 3208e,f, which can encircle the user's legs (such as thighs). Further, force distribution sections 3208b,c,d can be configured to support the user's gluteus maximus. One force distribution section 3208d can thus be configured to extend directly underneath the buttocks while force distribution sections 3208b,d can curve from the force distribution section 2308d so as to encircle or extend across the butt cheeks to provide additional support. In use, therefore, a lifting force applied to the attachment element 3202 can be transferred through the force distribution sections 3202 from a single point around the user's waist, down the legs of the user, around the legs of the user, and/or underneath and around the user's buttocks.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 3300 is shown in FIGS. 33A-33C. The unweighting garment 3300 includes fabric sections of different load response characteristics to provide the desired force in the overlapping physiologic zone. Thus, for example, a section 3398a configured to sit in the crotch area 3117 can be made of a four-way stretch fabric so as to avoid placing pressure on the user's groin. In contrast, force distribution sections 3308a,b can be made of two-way stretch fabric configured to stretch vertically and compress radially, thereby distributing the forces around the upper legs (such as the thighs and hamstrings) of the user. Similarly, force distribution sections 3308c,d bordering attachment mechanisms 3302a,b can be made of a two-way stretch fabric. Further, there can be a point of connection between each force distribution section 3308a,b,c,d and at least one of the attachment elements 3302a,b. Small force distribution sections 3398d,e in the backs of the legs just under the gluteus maximum can include four-way stretch fabric, thereby providing flexibility for movement of the leg (as shown in FIG. 33B). In use, a lifting force applied to the attachment mechanisms 3302a,b can transfer force from outside the user's hips through sections 3308 to or around the user's hips and legs while avoiding the user's groin.
Another exemplary unweighting garment 3400 is shown in FIGS. 34A-C. The unweighting garment 3400 includes a plurality of different fabric panels having different load characteristics so as to distribute the load as desired. For example, the unweighting garment 3400 includes a force distribution section 3408a configured as an elastic butt support. Further, force distribution sections 3408c,d are configured as elastic lower thigh lift reinforcements while force distribution sections 3408e,f are configured as elastic upper thigh lift reinforcements. The force distribution sections 3498a-d can be, for example, two-way stretch fabric or any other type of force distribution material described herein. Areas near the crotch 3498a and just under the buttocks 3498c,d can include four-way stretch fabric to allow for movement and avoidance of pressure in those areas. In use, a force applied to the attachment mechanisms 3403a,b can be transferred through sections 3408 around or underneath the user's legs and buttocks while avoiding the groin area.
The attachment elements for the garments described herein can be any attachment element capable of releasably fixing the garment to an unweighting machine. For example, the attachment element can include a pulley or roller. FIG. 24 shows a garment 8000 (a pair of shorts) with attachment member 8002. The attachment member 8002 is adapted for coupling the shorts to an unweighting system. In some cases, the attachment member 8002 attaches to a cable 8006 configured to sit on a suspension unweighting system. The attachment member 8002 may include a roller or pulley that contacts the cable 8006 and allows the user to slide along the length 8010 of the cable 8006. FIGS. 25A-B show cross-sections of pulleys or rollers that can be used as attachment elements. FIG. 25A shows a pulley with a cable 8006 running through a receiving portion 9002. The receiving portion is recessed to retain the cable within the receiving portion 9002. FIG. 25B shows a receiving portion 9004 with arms 9006. The opening 9008 between arms 9006 may be designed to be smaller than the cross-section enclosed by the arms 9006. In such cases, the cable 8006 may be squeezed or pressed through the opening 9008 into the larger area. The opening 9008 is small enough to prevent the cable 9006 from easily detaching from the pulley.
The unweighting garments described herein can advantageously be used to spread the unweighting force out across the user's body to avoid unwanted pressures and rotations. Exemplary garment embodiments similar to those described above are shown in FIG. 10-11 on a user skeleton. It is to be understand that any of the garments above can work similarly and/or produce similar forces on the user as described with respect to one or more of FIGS. 10-12.
FIG. 10 shows the force distribution for a garment 200 consisting of shorts having force distribution section 108a,b woven fabric that stretch vertically and compress axially. When an unweighting force (shown by the arrows 210) is applied to unload a portion of the user's weight from the hips 300 (such as at attachment mechanisms 202a,b), the unloaded weight is spread more evenly across the user's legs (shown with femurs 302) and hips 300. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by stretching the force distribution section 108a,b. When stretched (e.g. vertical stretching), the fibers of the force distribution sections 108a,b surround and compress against the user's legs. In some embodiments, the force distribution section contracts horizontally, compressing against the user's legs. This allows the force distribution section to carry more of the user's unloaded weight as both tensile and compressive forces (shown by arrows 212) without having the shorts ride up or create uncomfortable stress concentrations. During unweighting, the force distribution section distributes the force such that the user is lifted from a greater area of the garment.
FIG. 11 shows the user running while unweighted in the unweighting shorts 200. Suspension lines 402 are attached to the attachment elements 202 of the garment 200 and provide a lateral lifting force (shown by arrows 210). The shorts convert the lateral lifting force into an unweighting force (shown by arrows 212) that is spread more evenly along the user's legs.
In some embodiments, the force distribution sections (such as the fiber weave) place a force on the thighs that changes the centers of force from the outside of the hips, where it applies a force pulling legs outwards, to be more in line with the hip joint, where the force will have a neutral effect on the legs. In some embodiments, the shorts move the center of force and distribute the force by use of a rigid member. In some embodiments, the user is unweighted from the sides (or laterally). Embodiments described herein are compatible with any type of suspension unweighting regardless of the angle or direction of the lifting force.
Aspects of the various embodiments described herein advantageously include one or more innovations that assist in overcoming the shortcomings of existing unweighting garments, mechanisms, or systems. Particular areas of improvement provided by the embodiments described herein include: (1) circumferential force conversion; (2) zoned differential compression; (3) hip joint neutrality; (4) quick attachment and detachment; and (5) and ease of access. Each of these general areas will now be described.
Circumferential force conversion: When vertical lifting force is applied to a garment of uniform material content, the garment tends to ride upwards on the user until the garment binds against the user's crotch area. Because users vary widely in size and proportions, shaping the garment has limited utility in this regard. Some of the embodiments described herein utilize materials cut and aligned on the bias in relationship to the vertical lifting force. When biased sections are pulled upwards by the lifting force, the cross-sectional areas contract, causing circumferential tension and a resulting radial compression proportional to the lifting force. Embodiments relating to aspects of this improvement include, for example, with the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8A, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19B, 20A, 20B, 20C and 23.
Zoned differential compression: With regards to the application of unweighting or lifting forces to the body via the suspension interface garment, different parts of the anatomy have different characteristics that make them more or less suited to the application of said forces. For example, the hips have high load tolerance and low taper. The thighs have moderate load tolerance (femoral artery) and moderate taper. The crotch or groin has no load capability and high taper. As such, different areas of the body need to be loaded differently to achieve a proper balance between maximum unloading and comfort. Embodiments relating to this improvement include, for example, the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 11.
Hip joint neutrality: While DAP loads the user's lower body uniformly in terms of area with respect to air pressure and circumferentially with respect to garment tension, non-DAP systems that do not inhibit upper body motion tend to support the lower body garment at two discrete points, one at either side of the pelvis. Since the hip joints are inboard of where the unweighting loads are typically applied in these systems, an unnatural lateral torque pulls the legs out to the sides. At low loads and/or for short durations, this effect may not be noticeable. At higher loads or for longer duration usage, this becomes an issue. The embodiments described herein address this need in two ways. In one method, unweighting load attachment points are placed fore and aft, in line with the hip joint, to minimize the lateral moment. In another method, bands cross the pelvis from their attachment points, applying an inward force and counterbalancing moment on the opposite leg, resulting in a net zero moment. Embodiments relating to this improvement include, for example, the embodiments of FIGS. 6, 7A, 7B, 8A, 8B, 9, 10 and 11.
Quick sliding attachment/detachment: Current unweighting and safety systems provide fixed attachment points with respect to fore and aft movements of the hips. This constraint, while fine for gymnastic and strength movements, unnaturally inhibits hip rotation during running and walking. The current design allows for independent fore and aft motion. Embodiments relating to this improvement include, for example, the embodiments of FIGS. 15, 24, 25A, 25B and 26-30.
Ease of access: There is also a need to address the difficulty of accessing known harness systems when the user desires to remain in street clothes rather than athletic gear or wants to exercise in an unweighted environment while avoiding the process of removing and putting back on shoes. Each of the embodiments described herein may be sized in order to be worn over clothes. FIGS. 12, 13, 14 and 26-30 in particular relate to unweighting garment embodiments that may be donned by a user while still wearing shoes.
As for additional details pertinent to the present invention, materials and manufacturing techniques may be employed as within the level of those with skill in the relevant art. The same may hold true with respect to method-based aspects of the invention in terms of additional acts commonly or logically employed. Also, it is contemplated that any optional feature of the inventive variations described may be set forth and claimed independently, or in combination with any one or more of the features described herein. Likewise, reference to a singular item, includes the possibility that there are plural of the same items present. More specifically, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “and,” “said,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as “solely,” “only” and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or use of a “negative” limitation. Unless defined otherwise herein, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The breadth of the present invention is not to be limited by the subject specification, but rather only by the plain meaning of the claim terms employed.
Patent Application
20160000155
