BACKGROUND
Universal Serial Bus (USB) connectors are well-known and in widespread use, in particular, in association with peripheral devices of with computer systems. Specifications for USB connectors are described in full detail in Universal Serial Bus Specification, which can be found at www.usb.org and the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference into this specification. Chapter 6 of the Universal Serial Bus Specification document relates to mechanical features of USB connectors and cables.
USB connectors have many desirable features and advantages as compared to predecessor connectors. A disadvantage, however, is a relatively low resistance to unintended disconnection due to incidental axial pull-out forces, e.g., when a cable is inadvertently pulled or snagged. In many environments, unintended disconnection of a USB connector is a mere nuisance, while in other applications, unintended cable disconnection can have more serious consequences.
This susceptibility of a USB connector to unintended disconnection due to axial pull-out force is associated with both Type A (Host) and Type B (Device or Slave) connectors. FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C illustrate a conventional USB Type B connector 10 located at a distal end of a USB cable 12. The connector 10 is a male connector adapted to mate with a female USB Type B connector 14 (FIG. 1D) as is well-known in the art. The female connector 14 is connected to a housing H and comprises an inner plug portion 14p located within a recess 14r that is bounded by a peripheral edge 14e of the housing H so that a space 14s is defined between the plug portion 14p and the edge 14e. The inner plug portion 14p, itself, comprises a non-symmetric hexagonal receiver 14p1 and a rectangular stud 14p2. The receiver 14p1 is adapted to receive the mating hexagonal male plug portion 22 of the male connector 10, while the rectangular stud 14p2 is received inside the male plug portion 22 of the connector 10.
The male USB Type B connector 10 comprises a polymer body portion 20 and metallic male plug portion 22 that projects outwardly from the body portion 20. The body portion 20, itself, comprises a main portion 20a and a cable interface portion 20b that joins the main portion 20a to the cable 12. The main portion 20a is enlarged relative to both the cable interface portion 20b and the metallic plug portion 22 and, as such, the body portion 20 further comprises inner and outer transverse shoulders 20i, 20t that join the main portion 20a to the cable interface 20b and metallic plug portion 22, respectively.
FIG. 1E illustrates the conventional male USB Type B connector 10 and a conventional device M, e.g., an industrial automation module. The device M comprises a female Type B USB connector 14. The male Type B USB connector 10 is adapted to be mated with the female connector 14. Except for a friction fit between the metallic plug portion 22 of the connector 10 and the female plug portion 14p (FIG. 1D) of the female connector 14, there is no structure for locking the male Type B USB connector 10 to the female Type B USB connector 14. As noted, the connector 10 is thus susceptible to undesired disconnection in response to incidental axial pull-out force as can occur, e.g., when the cable 12 is pulled for any reason such as during cleaning, maintenance, movement of related components, entanglement with moving structures, etc.
SUMMARY
In accordance with a first aspect of the present development, a universal serial bus (USB) locking connector a cable and a polymeric body connected to the cable. The body includes a main portion and a cable interface portion that interconnects the main portion to the cable. A male plug projects axially from the main portion of the body, wherein a shoulder is defined between said male plug and said main portion of the body. At least one locking prong extends axially alongside but is spaced from the male plug and is resiliently deflectable toward and away from the male plug. The at least one locking prong includes: (i) a leg having an outer end spaced axially from the shoulder; and, (ii) an enlarged tooth defined at the outer end of the leg. The enlarged tooth includes an inclined ramp surface that is arranged to converge from a highest point toward an outermost end of the male plug as it extends axially away from the shoulder of the body portion. A transverse locking face terminates the ramp surface at the highest point.
In accordance with another aspect of the present development, a USB connector locking system includes a female USB connector installed in a housing. The female USB connector includes an inner plug portion located within a recess that is bounded by a peripheral edge defined in a wall of the housing H, with a space defined between the inner plug portion and the peripheral edge. A lock ring is movably connected to the wall of the housing adjacent the peripheral edge of the female USB connector. The lock ring is manually movable between an unlocked position and a locked position. The lock ring, when located in its unlocked position, allows unobstructed connection and disconnection of an associated male USB connector with the female USB connector. When the lock ring is moved to its locked position, it frictionally engages an associated male USB connector that is mated with the female USB connector to inhibit disconnection of the associated male USB connector from the female USB connector.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The development comprises components and arrangements of components, and/or steps and arrangements of steps, preferred embodiments of which are disclosed herein and shown in the drawings that form a part hereof, wherein:
FIG. 1A is an isometric view of a conventional male Type B USB connector and cable;
FIGS. 1B and 1C are front and side views of the USB connector shown in FIG. 1A;
FIG. 1D is a plan view of a conventional female Type B USB connector;
FIG. 1E is an exploded view that illustrates the conventional male connector of FIG. 1A and an electrical device that includes the mating female connector of FIG. 1D;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a male Type B USB locking connector formed in accordance with the present development;
FIG. 3A is an exploded isometric view of an alternative male Type B USB locking connector formed in accordance with another embodiment of the present development;
FIG. 3B is a series of views that illustrate conversion of the conventional male Type USB connector of FIG. 1A to the locking connector of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 4 illustrates the electrical device with a conventional female Type B USB connector as shown in FIG. 1E, but shows the male locking connector of FIG. 3A mated with the female connector in accordance with the present development;
FIG. 5 diagrammatically illustrates a male Type B USB locking connector formed in accordance with the present development engaged with a conventional female Type B USB connector;
FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are respective side, front, end and isometric views of a clamshell component, first and second ones of which are used to convert a conventional male Type B USB connector to a male Type B USB locking connector in accordance with the present development;
FIG. 7 illustrates a USB locking connector formed in accordance with another alternative embodiment of the present development;
FIG. 8A shows the USB locking connector of FIG. 7 and also shows a conventional male Type B connector mated therewith, with the USB locking connector arranged in its unlocked position;
FIG. 8B is similar to FIG. 8A, but shows the USB locking connector arranged in its locked position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 2 illustrates a male Type B USB locking connector 110 formed in accordance with the present development. The connector 110 is identical to the conventional connector 10 as just described, except that the connector 110 comprises locking means for engaging a conventional mating female Type B USB connector 14 so as to be resistant to disconnection in response to incidental axial pull-out forces. The locking connector 110 comprises a polymer body portion 120 and metallic male plug portion 122 that projects outwardly from the body portion 120. The body portion 120, itself, comprises a main portion 120a and a cable interface portion 120b that joins the main portion 120a to the cable 112. The main portion 120a is enlarged relative to both the cable interface portion 120b and the metallic plug portion 122 and, as such, the body portion 120 further comprises inner and outer transverse shoulders 120i,120t that join the main portion 120a to the cable interface 120b and metallic plug portion 122, respectively.
In addition, the locking connector 110 comprises at least one locking prong adapted to be received by and engaged with a conventional female Type B USB connector 14 (FIG. 1D). As shown, the locking connector 110 comprises first and second locking prongs 130a,130b that project axially outward from the shoulder 120t, near to but spaced from and diverging slightly from the metallic plug portion 122. Preferably, the locking prongs 130a,130b are mirror images of each other and are symmetrically located on opposite sides of the male plug portion 122.
The first and second locking prongs 130a,130b are preferably defined as a one-piece molded polymeric construction as part of the body portion 120, from a suitable material such as, e.g., polycarbonate, polypropylene or other polymer material. Owing to their molded polymeric construction, the locking prongs 130a,130b are naturally resiliently deflectable from a home or free position as shown, inwardly and outwardly toward and away from each other and the metallic plug portion 122. The locking prongs 130a,130b each comprise a leg 132 having an inner end that originates at the shoulder 120t and an outer end spaced axially from the shoulder 120t and defining an enlarged tooth 134. Each tooth 134 includes an inclined ramp surface 134r that is arranged to converge from a highest point 134p (see FIG. 5) toward the outermost end of the male plug portion 122 as it extends axially away from the shoulder 120t of the body portion 120. A transverse locking face 134f (see also FIG. 5) extends between the highest point 134p of each ramp surface 134r and the leg 132, i.e., the transverse locking face 134f terminates the inclined ramp surface 134r at its highest point 134p. The metallic plug portion 122, defines a hexagonal cross-section including first and second parallel, equal-length lateral sides 122a,122b, bottom and top parallel sides 122c,122d of unequal length, and first and second non-parallel, equal-length transitional sides 122e,122f that connect the top side 122d to the first and second lateral sides 122a,122b, respectively. It is most preferred that the locking prongs 130a,130b be located respectively adjacent but spaced from the first and second lateral sides 122a,122b of the metallic connector 122, although other locations are contemplated and deemed to be within the scope of the present development. The locking connector 110 mates with a convention female Type B USB connector 14 in the same manner as the conventional male Type B USB connector 10, except that the one or more locking prongs 130a,130b resiliently engage the peripheral edge 14e of the housing H, in particular, with the transverse locking face 134f.
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an alternative locking male Type B USB connector 210 formed in accordance with the present development. The locking connector 210 comprises a conventional male Type B connector 10, and further comprises an outer housing 250 that is connected to and overlies the body 20 of the conventional connector 10 to convert the conventional connector to a locking connector. The housing 250 comprises one or more locking prongs 230a,230b that have the same structure and location, and that function in the same manner as the respective locking prongs 130a,130b of the locking connector 110. The housing 250 comprises first and second clamshell components 252 that are fitted around the body 20 of the conventional connector 10 and interconnected so as to define the housing 250 (the first and second clamshell components are identified herein as 252a,252b).
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the fully assembled locking connector 210 has the same structure and functions in the same manner as the locking connector 110 and, as such, like components relative to the connector 110 are identified with like reference numbers that are 100 greater than those used in association with the locking connector 110. In particular, the locking connector 210 includes a body 220 having a main portion 220a and a cable interface portion 220b. A metallic plug portion 222 (which is the metallic plug portion 122 of the underlying conventional connector 10) projects axially outward from the body 220. An inner shoulder 220i is defined by the transition between the main portion 220a of the body and the cable interface portion 220b. An outer shoulder 220t is defined between the main body portion 220a and the metallic plug 222. As noted above, the first and second locking prongs 230a,230b correspond respectively to the locking prongs 130a,130b of the locking connector 110.
The clamshell component 252 is shown by itself in FIGS. 6A-6D. As noted, two of the clamshell components 252 (252a,252b) are mated to define the housing 250 of the locking connector 210. The clamshell component 252 is defined as a one-piece molded polymeric construction from a suitable material such as polycarbonate or the like. It comprises a shell 260 defining a recess 262 that is conformed to receive the body 20 of the conventional connector 10 therein as shown with reference to the first clamshell component 252a in FIG. 3B. The body 20 is received in the recess 262 with a close fit that minimizes or eliminates any movement of the body 20 in the recess 262. The clamshell component 252 also comprises first and second notches 264a,264b that accommodate the plug 22 and cable 12 of the conventional connector 10. A second clamshell component 252b, which has the identical structure as the first clamshell component 252a, is installed onto the body 20 of the conventional connector 10 and mated with the first clamshell component 252a, with a snap-fit and/or using an adhesive or other bonding means.
The clamshell component 252 comprises interlocking means so that two of the components 252 can be interfitted to define the housing 250. As shown, the clamshell component 252 comprises a plurality of locking studs 270 and a corresponding plurality of locking stud receivers 272. The locking studs 270 of a first clamshell component 252a are adapted to mate with and be releasably engaged and retained by the locking stud receivers 272 of a second clamshell component 252b and vice versa with a snap-fit or friction-fit, for releasably connecting the components 252a,252b together to define the housing 250. Use of adhesive or other bonding means is optional.
The illustrated clamshell component 252 comprises a single locking prong 230. When first and second clamshell components 252a,252b are mated in opposed facing relation to define the housing 250, the locking prongs 230 of the clamshell components 252a,252b define the first and second locking prongs 230a,230b described above.
FIG. 4 shows the locking connector 210 mated with the conventional female connector 14 of the electrical device M, with the locking prongs 230a,230b thereof engaged with the peripheral edge 14e of the female connector 14. FIG. 5 provides details of the engagement of a USB locking connector 110,210 with a conventional female connector 14 (the connector shown in FIG. 5 is the connector 110, but the connector 210 operates in the same manner as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art). In FIG. 5, it can be seen that when the locking connector 110 is mated with the conventional female Type B USB connector 14, the male plug portion 122 is received into the hexagonal receiver 14p1, and the rectangular stud 14p2 of the female side is received into the male plug portion 122. During the process of mating the locking connector 110 with the connector 14, the ramp surfaces 134r of the first and second locking prongs 130a,130b engage the peripheral edge 14e of the housing H which causes the prongs to deflect toward each other, until the ramp surfaces 134r move axially inward beyond the edge 14e so that the locking prongs 130a,130b are able to move resiliently away from each other to the illustrated position, where their respective locking faces 134f are captured behind the peripheral edge 14e of the housing H. The locking faces 134f are sized and shaped so that, when the connector 210 is pulled intentionally to disconnect from the female connector 14, the locking prongs 130a,130b are again deflected toward each other, which allows the locking faces to disengage from the edge 14e so that the locking connector 110 can be disconnected from the female connector 14. As noted, the locking prongs 230a,230b of the connector 210 engage the edge 14e in the same manner when mated with the female connector 14.
FIG. 7 illustrates a locking USB connector 300 formed in accordance with another embodiment of the present development. A housing H of an electronic component includes a conventional female Type B USB connector 14 as described above. The housing H further comprises the locking connector 300 as a part thereof. The locking connector comprises a lock ring 302 that is manually movable between an unlocked position (FIGS. 7, 8A) and a locked position (FIG. 8B). The lock ring 302 lies adjacent and at least substantially encircles the peripheral edge 14e of the female connector 14. When the lock ring 302 is located in the unlocked position, a conventional male Type B USB connector 10 is able to be mated with and disconnected from the female connector 14 without interference, i.e., the lock ring 302 does not obstruct the connector 14. When a conventional male Type B USB connector is mated with the female connector 14, the lock ring 302 can be moved to its locked position as shown in FIG. 8B, so that the lock ring frictionally engages the conventional male Type B USB connector 10 and inhibits disconnection of same from the female connector 14. In its locked position, the lock ring 302 partially obstructs the female connector 14, to capture a mating male connector 10.
More specifically, the housing H which is a metal or molded polymeric construction, comprises a wall W that defines a plurality of arcuate slots 14s that are spaced around the edge 14e of the female connector 14. The lock ring 302 comprises a corresponding plurality of spokes 304, each of which includes a projecting leg 306 with an enlarged end 308 (only one of the legs 306 is visible in FIG. 7). The lock ring 302 is connected to the housing by forcing the enlarged end 308 of each leg 306 through a respective one of the slots 14s, so that the enlarged end 308 of each leg is captured behind the wall W (on the side opposite the lock ring 302), with the leg 306 slidable in the slot as indicated by the arrows Z to move the lock ring 302 from its unlocked position to its locked position, and in the opposite direction. The legs 306 are dimensioned so that the lock ring 302 is held closely adjacent the housing H when the legs 306 are captured in the slots 14s.
The lock ring 302 further comprises at least one and preferably four locking nibs 310a,310b,310c,310d that project radially inward from the lock ring 302 toward a center of the female connector 14. The nibs 310a-310d are preferably arranged symmetrically about the peripheral edge 14e, and are located so as to be located respectively adjacent the midpoints of the four linear sides of the peripheral edge 14e when the lock ring 302 is unlocked and so as to be located respectively adjacent the four corners 14c of the edge 14e when the lock ring 302 is moved to its locked position (FIG. 8B). The nibs 310a-310d preferably do not extend from the lock ring 302 beyond the edge 14e when the lock ring 302 is unlocked so as not to interfere with connection/disconnection of an associated male connector 10. On the other hand, when the lock ring 302 is locked, the nibs 310a-310d project from the lock ring 302 beyond the corners 14c of peripheral edge 14e into the space to be occupied by the body 20 of a male connector 10.
With specific reference now to FIGS. 8A and 8B, to operate the locking connector 300, a conventional male Type B USB connector 10 is mated with the female connector 14 when the lock ring 302 is unlocked as shown in FIG. 8A. The lock ring is then rotated to its locked position as indicated by the arrow Z so that the locking nibs 310a-310d frictionally engage the respective corners 23a,23b,23c,23d (see also FIG. 1B) of the connector body 20. The locking ring 302 is preferably defined from as a molded polymeric construction so that, when it is moved from the unlocked to the locked position to engage a male connector 10, the otherwise circular locking ring 302 resiliently ovalizes when the locking nibs encounter the corners 23a-23d of the connector body 20. Frictional engagement between the nibs 310a-310d and the connector body 20 inhibits unintentional disconnection of the male connector 10 from the female connector. When disconnection is desired, the lock ring 302 is rotated from the locked position to the unlocked position, whereupon it resiliently assumes its original circular shape.
The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. Modifications and alterations will occur to those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is intended that the claims be construed literally and/or according to the doctrine or equivalents to encompass all such modifications and alterations.
Patent Grant
7270560
