Patent Grant
9422276
This application is a §371 National Stage Application of PCT/EP2012/073431, filed Nov. 23, 2012, which claims priority to EP 11190735.8, filed Nov. 25, 2011.
1. Field of the Invention
The present application relates to known and novel aryl- and hetarylcarboxamides and their use as parasiticides for endoparasites in animals or humans, and also to parasiticides, in particular endoparasitices, comprising the aryl- and hetarylcarboxamides.
2. Description of Related Art
In the field of veterinary medicine, the occurrence of resistances against all commercially available anthelmintics is an increasing problem which requires endoparasiticides having novel molecular mechanisms of action. Such compounds should exhibit excellent efficacy against a broad spectrum of helminths and nematodes and at the same time not cause any toxic effects in the animals treated. Endoparasiticidal compositions are medicaments used for controlling endoparasites in humans and animals.
WO-A 2001/060783 claims certain phenacylbenzamides for oral use as anthelmintics in veterinary medicine.
Isothiazolecarboxamides are known from WO-A 1999/24413, heterocyclylethylcarboxamide derivatives from WO-A 2006/108791, heterocyclylethylbenzamide derivatives from WO-A 2006/108792, N-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)benzamides from WO-A 2007/060162, N-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)carboxamides from WO-A 2007060164, N-phenethylcarboxamide derivatives from WO-A 2007/060166, N-(3-phenylpropyl)carboxamides from WO-A 2008/101976, pyrazolecarboxamides from WO-A 2008/148570 and WO-A 2010/063700, pyrazinylcarboxamides from WO-A 2011/128989, and also various 2-pyridylethylcarboxamide derivatives from WO-A 2004/016088, WO-A 2004/074280, WO-A 2005/014545, WO-A 2005/058828, WO-A 2005/058833 and WO-A 2005/085238 as agrochemical fungicides. Furthermore, WO-A 2007/108483 describes N-2-(hetero)arylethylcarboxamide derivatives as fungicides and nematicides. WO-A 2008/126922 explicitly claims the use of 2-pyridylethylcarboxamide derivatives for use against nematodes in crop cultivation.
The use of these (het)arylethyl- or (het)arylpropylcarboxamides as endoparasiticides in veterinary medicine has hitherto not been described.
It has now been found that compounds of the formula (I)
in which
The compounds of the formula (I) may, where appropriate, depending on the nature of the substituents, be in the form of geometric and/or optically active isomers or corresponding isomer mixtures of varying composition. The invention relates both to the pure isomers and to the isomer mixtures.
The compounds according to the invention can also be present as metal complexes.
The term animals does not include humans.
The term “mono- or poly-” means preferably mono- to hexa-, particularly preferably mono- to tetra-, very particularly preferably mono- to tri- and especially preferably mono- or di-.
The person skilled in the art is aware that the expressions “a” or “an” as used in the present application may, depending on the situation, mean “one (1)”, “one (1) or more” or “at least one (1)”.
For all ring systems hitherto described, adjacent atoms must not be —O—O— or —O—S—.
For the sake of simplicity, structures having a variable number of possible carbon atoms (C atoms) are referred to as C1-C10-structures (C1-C10) in the present application. Example: an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms corresponds to (C1-C10)-alkyl. Ring structures of carbon atoms and heteroatoms are referred to as “3- to 14-membered” structures.
If a collective term for a substituent, for example (C1-C10)-alkyl, is at the end of a composite substituent such as, for example, (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C10)-alkyl, the component at the end of the composite substituent, for example the (C1-C10)-alkyl, may be mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different substituents and independently of the substituent at the beginning, for example (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl.
Unless defined differently, the definition for collective terms also applies to these collective terms in composite substituents. Example: The definition of (C1-C10)-alkyl also applies to (C1-C10)-alkyl as component of a composite substituent such as, for example, (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C10)-alkyl.
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the examples given in the present application are not to be considered as limiting, but rather describe some embodiments in more detail.
In the definitions of the symbols given in the formulae above, collective terms were used which are generally representative of the following substituents:
Collective Terms
Halogen, unless defined otherwise: elements of the 7th main group; preference is given to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
(C1-C10)-Alkyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having preferably (C1-C6)—, particularly preferably (C1-C4)-carbon atoms. Examples: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, tert-butyl, etc.
(C2-C10)-Alkenyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having a double bond. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenyl. Examples: ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 3-butenyl, etc.
(C2-C10)-Alkynyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having a triple bond. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkynyl. Examples: ethynyl, 1-propynyl, etc.
(C1-C10)-Alkoxy (alkyl radical-O—), unless defined differently elsewhere: an alkyl radical which is attached to the skeleton via an oxygen atom (—O—). Preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkoxy. Examples: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, etc.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenyloxy and (C3-C10)-alkynyloxy, unless defined differently elsewhere, are alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —O—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenyloxy. Preference is given to (C3-C6)- or (C3-C4)-alkynyloxy.
(C1-C10)-Alkylcarbonyl (alkyl radical-C(═O)—), unless defined differently elsewhere: preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkylcarbonyl. Here, the number of the carbon atoms refers to the alkyl radical in the alkylcarbonyl group.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenylcarbonyl and (C2-C10)-alkynylcarbonyl, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —C(═O)—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenylcarbonyl. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkynylcarbonyl.
(C1-C10)-Alkoxycarbonyl (alkyl radical-O—C(═O)—), unless defined differently elsewhere: preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl. Here, the number of the carbon atoms refers to the alkyl radical in the alkoxycarbonyl group.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenyloxycarbonyl and (C3-C10)-alkynyloxycarbonyl, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —O—C(═O)—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenyloxycarbonyl. Preference is given to (C3-C6)- or (C3-C4)-alkynyloxycarbonyl.
(C1-C10)-Alkylcarbonyloxy (alkyl radical-C(═O)—O—), unless defined differently elsewhere: an alkyl radical which is attached to the skeleton via a carbonyloxy group (—C(═O)—O—) with the oxygen. Preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkylcarbonyloxy.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenylcarbonyloxy and (C2-C10)-alkynylcarbonyloxy, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via (—C(═O)—O—). Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenylcarbonyloxy. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkynylcarbonyloxy.
(C1-C10)-Alkylthio, unless defined differently elsewhere: an alkyl radical which is attached to the skeleton via —S—. Preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkylthio.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenylthio and (C3-C10)-alkynylthio, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —S—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenylthio. Preference is given to (C3-C6)- or (C3-C4)-alkynylthio.
(C1-C10)-Alkylsulfinyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: an alkyl radical which is attached to the skeleton via —S(═O)—. Preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkylsulfinyl.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenylsulfinyl and (C3-C10)-alkynylsulfinyl, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —S(═O)—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenylsulfinyl. Preference is given to (C3-C6)- or (C3-C4)-alkynylsulfinyl.
(C1-C10)-Alkylsulfonyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: an alkyl radical which is attached to the skeleton via —S(═O)2—. Preference is given to (C1-C6)- or (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl.
Analogously, (C2-C10)-alkenylsulfonyl and (C3-C10)-alkynylsulfonyl, unless defined differently elsewhere, are: alkenyl radicals and alkynyl radicals, respectively, which are attached to the skeleton via —S(═O)2—. Preference is given to (C2-C6)- or (C2-C4)-alkenylsulfonyl. Preference is given to (C3-C6)- or (C3-C4)-alkynylsulfonyl.
(C1-C10)-Haloalkyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkenyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkynyl, (C1-C10)-haloalkoxy, (C2-C10)-haloalkenyloxy, (C3-C10)-haloalkynyloxy, (C1-C10)-haloalkylcarbonyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkenylcarbonyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkynylcarbonyl, (C1-C10)-haloalkoxycarbonyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkenyloxycarbonyl, (C3-C10)-haloalkynyloxycarbonyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkylcarbonyloxy, (C2-C10)-haloalkenylcarbonyloxy, (C2-C10)-haloalkynylcarbonyloxy, (C1-C10)-haloalkylthio, (C2-C10)-haloalkenylthio, (C3-C10)-haloalkynylthio, (C1-C10)-haloalkylsulfinyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkenylsulfinyl, (C3-C10)-haloalkynylsulfinyl, (C1-C10)-haloalkylsulfonyl, (C2-C10)-haloalkenylsulfonyl, (C3-C10)-haloalkynylsulfonyl are, unless defined differently, defined analogously to (C1-C10)-alkyl, (C2-C10)-alkenyl, (C2-C10)-alkynyl, (C1-C10)-alkoxy, (C2-C10)-alkenyloxy, (C3-C10)-alkynyloxy, (C1-C10)-alkylcarbonyl, (C2-C10)-alkenylcarbonyl, (C2-C10)-alkynylcarbonyl, (C1-C10)-alkoxycarbonyl, (C2-C10)-alkenyloxycarbonyl, (C3-C10)-alkynyloxycarbonyl, (C1-C10)-alkylcarbonyloxy, (C2-C10)-alkenylcarbonyloxyl, (C2-C10)-alkynylcarbonyloxy, (C1-C10)-alkylthio, (C2-C10)-alkenylthio, (C3-C10)-alkynylthio, (C1-C10)-alkylsulfinyl, (C2-C10)-alkenylsulfinyl, (C3-C10)-alkynylsulfinyl, (C1-C10)-alkylsulfonyl, (C3-C10)-alkenylsulfonyl, (C3-C10)-alkynylsulfonyl, where at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom as defined above. In one embodiment, all hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen. Examples of halogenated structures are, for example, chloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, difluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylthio.
Cyclic Groups
3- to 14-membered cyclic group, unless defined differently elsewhere: (C3-C14)-carbocyclic group, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclic group, halogenated (C3-C14)-carbocyclic group, halogenated 3- to 10-membered heterocyclic group.
(C3-C14)-Carbocyclic group, unless defined differently elsewhere: (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C14)-cycloalkenyl, (C6-C14)-aryl, halogenated (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl, halogenated (C3-C14)-cycloalkenyl, halogenated (C6-C14)-aryl.
(C3-C14)-Cycloalkyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: mono-, bi- or tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups preferably having (C3-C14)—, (C3-C8)- or (C3-C6)-ring atoms. Cycloalkyl may also be a spirocyclic group. Examples: cyclopropyl, -butyl, -pentyl, -hexyl, -heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl or adamantyl. “Cycloalkyl” preferably represents monocyclic groups of 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 ring atoms.
Analogously, (C3-C14)-cycloalkenyl, unless defined differently elsewhere, is: a mono-, bi- or tricyclic, but partially unsaturated hydrocarbon group having at least one double bond, preferably having (C3-C8)- or (C3-C6)-ring atoms. Examples: cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl and cyclohexenyl.
(C6-C14)-Aryl, unless defined differently elsewhere: mono-, bi- or tricyclic ring system group where at least one cycle is aromatic, preferably having (C6-C8)- or (C6)-ring atoms. Preferably, aryl is an aromatic C6-monocyclic ring system group; a bicyclic (C8-C14)-ring system group; or a tricyclic (C10-C14)-ring system group. Examples: phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, fluorenyl.
Halogenated (C3-C14)-carbocyclic group, halogenated (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl, halogenated (C3-C14)-cycloalkenyl, halogenated (C6-C14)-aryl are in each case, unless defined differently, defined analogously to (C3-C14)-carbocyclic group, (C3-C14)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C14)-cycloalkenyl, (C6-C14)-aryl, where at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom as mentioned above. In one embodiment, all hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen. Examples of halogenated structures are 3-chlorophenyl, 2-bromocyclopentyl.
Heteroatom: for example N, O, S, P, B, Si.
3- to 10-membered heterocyclic group, unless defined differently elsewhere: 3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl group or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group, halogenated 3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl group or halogenated 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group.
3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl, unless defined differently elsewhere: 3- to 9-membered saturated or partially unsaturated mono-, bi- or tricyclic ring system group of carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom preferably selected from the group consisting of N, O and S. The ring system is preferably a 3- to 6-membered ring system. Preferably, the ring system contains 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms, particularly preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms. Preference is also given to a monocyclic ring system. In a further preferred embodiment, a monocyclic ring system is a partially unsaturated monocyclic ring system having a double bond. Heterocyclyl may be a spirocyclic system. Examples: piperazinyl, dihydropyridyl, morpholinyl, etc. This definition also applies to heterocyclyl as component of a composite substituent such as, for example, 3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl-(C1-C10)-alkyl, unless defined differently elsewhere.
5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, unless defined differently elsewhere: mono-, bi- or tricyclic 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic group of carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, preferably selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, where at least one cycle is aromatic. The ring system is preferably a 5- to 6-membered ring system. In one embodiment, heteroaryl is an aromatic monocyclic ring system of 5 or 6 ring atoms. Preferably, heteroaryl is an aromatic monocyclic ring system containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms from the group consisting of O, N and S. Furthermore, heteroaryl may be a bicyclic ring system consisting of 8 to 14 ring atoms or a tricyclic ring system consisting of 13 or 14 ring atoms. Examples: furyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, indazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl. This definition also applies to heteroaryl as component of a composite substituent such as, for example, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl-(C5-C10)-alkyl, unless defined differently elsewhere. 5- and 6-membered heteroaryl groups are described in more detail below:
5-membered heteroaryl, unless defined differently elsewhere: heteroaryl group containing one to three or one to four nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur atom(s) as ring atoms. Examples: furanyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl. In one embodiment, a 5-membered heteroaryl group contains, in addition to carbon atoms, one to four nitrogen atoms or one to three nitrogen atoms as ring members. Examples: pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, imidazolyl. In a further embodiment, a 5-membered heteroaryl contains one to three nitrogen atoms or one nitrogen atom and one oxygen or sulfur atom. Examples: thiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl.
6-membered heteroaryl, unless defined differently elsewhere: heteroaryl group containing one to three or one to four nitrogen atom(s) as ring atoms. In one embodiment, a 6-membered heteroaryl group contains one to three nitrogen atoms. Examples: pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl.
Halogenated 3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl group or halogenated 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group, in each case unless defined differently, are defined analogously to 3- to 9-membered heterocyclyl group or 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group, where at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom as mentioned above. In one embodiment, all hydrogen atoms are replaced by halogen. Example of halogenated heterocyclic structures: 3-chlorotetrahydrothiopyran-2-yl, 4-chloropyridin-2-yl.
Not included are combinations which are against natural laws and which the person skilled in the art would therefore exclude based on his/her expert knowledge. Ring structures having three or more adjacent oxygen atoms, for example, are excluded.
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that all embodiments can be present on their own or in combination.
The compounds of the formula (I) may, where appropriate, depending on the nature of the substituents, be in the form of salts, tautomers, geometric and/or optically active isomers or corresponding isomer mixtures in different compositions.
If appropriate, the compounds according to the invention may be present in various polymorphic forms or as a mixture of different polymorphic forms. Both the pure polymorphs and the polymorph mixtures are provided by the invention and can be used according to the invention.
Embodiments of the compounds of the formula (I) are described in more detail below:
However, the general or preferred radical definitions or explanations given above can also be combined with one another as desired, i.e. including combinations between the respective ranges and preferred ranges. They apply both to the end products and, correspondingly, to precursors and intermediates.
The definitions mentioned can be combined with one another as desired. Moreover, individual definitions may not apply.
Preference, particular preference and very particular preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) which carry the substituents mentioned under preferred, particularly preferred, very particularly preferred or in particular very particularly preferred in each case.
In one embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, L3, Q, W and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, L3, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, L3, Q, W and X are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, L3, Q, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L2, L3, Q, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L2, L3, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L3, Q, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, Q, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which L1, L2, W, X and Y are as defined above and
In a very particularly preferred further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I) are compounds
in which
In a very particularly preferred further embodiment, compounds of the formula (I-b) are compounds
in which L2, L3, Q, W and Y are as defined above and
Novel are the compounds of the formula (I-a)
in which M1 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine and L1, L2, L3, X and Y are as defined above.
Novel are the compounds of the formula I-2
in which L1, L2, L3, X and Y are as defined above.
Novel are the compounds of the formula I-3
in which L1, L2, L3, X and Y are as defined above.
Novel are the compounds of the formula I-4
in which L1, L2, L3, X and Y are as defined above.
The radicals X, Y, L1, L2, L3 and Q have the meanings described above. W in this case represents oxygen.
Compounds of the general formula (a) according to the invention can be prepared from amines of the formula (a1) and carboxylic acids of the formula (a2) or halides thereof of the formula (a3) by generally known processes as described, for example, in WO-A 2007/060166. The amines of the formula (a1) and carboxylic acids of the formula (a2) and their halides of the formula (a3) are commercially available.
The compounds of the formula (I-a)
in which M1 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine and L1, L2, L3, X and Y are as defined above are prepared by reacting amines of the formula (a1)
where X, Y, L1, L2, L3 have the meanings described above
with carboxylic acids of the formula (a2-1)
where M1 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, or their acid halides of the formula (a3-1)
where M1 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine and Hal represents fluorine, chlorine or bromine, to give the compounds of the formula (I-a).
The amines of the formula (a1) and carboxylic acids of the formula (a2-1) and their halides of the formula (a3-1) are commercially available. Alternatively, the halides of the formula (a3-1) can be prepared by generally known methods from carboxylic acids of the formula (a2-1) using appropriate halogenating agents, for example phosphoryl chloride, phosphoryl bromide, thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride or phosgene.
When using carbonyl halides of the general structure (a3-1), the compounds of the general formula (I-a) according to the invention are advantageously carried out in the presence of a reaction auxiliary. Suitable reaction auxiliaries are all customary inorganic or organic bases. These include, for example, alkaline earth metal or alkali metal hydrides, hydroxides, amides, alcoholates, acetates, carbonates or hydrogencarbonates, such as, for example, sodium hydride, sodium amide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, calcium acetate, ammonium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate or ammonium carbonate, and also tertiary amines, such as, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tributylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, pyridine, N-methylpiperidine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), diazabicyclononene (DBN) or diazabicycloundecene (DBU), in particular triethylamine.
When using carboxylic acids of the general structure (a2-1), the compounds of the general formula (I-a) according to the invention are advantageously carried out in the presence of a condensing agent. The carboxylic acids are commercially available. Suitable condensing agents are especially dehydrating chemicals. These preferably include acid anhydrides and acid halides, such as, for example, acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, phosphorus(V) oxide, phosphoryl chloride, phosphoryl bromide, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tribromide, thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, phosgene, diphosgene, methyl formate, ethyl formate, and also carbodiimides such as, for example, N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC-HCl). Other known condensing agents are triphenylphosphine/carbon tetrachloride, 4-(4,6-dimethoxy[1.3.5]triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride hydrate or hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt). Particular mention may be made here of the combination of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC-HCl) and hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt).
The compounds of the general formula (I-a) according to the invention are optionally prepared using one or more diluents. Suitable diluents are especially inert organic solvents. These include in particular aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic, optionally halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example, benzine, benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, petroleum ether, hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile or dimethylformamide.
When carrying out process A-1, the reaction temperatures can be varied within a relatively wide range. In general, the process is carried out at temperatures between 0° C. and 150° C., preferably between 10° C. and 120° C.
Process A-1 is generally carried out under atmospheric pressure. However, it is also possible to carry out process A-1 under elevated or reduced pressure—generally between 0.1 bar and 10 bar.
The radicals X, L1, L2, L3, and Q have the meanings described above. In this case, W represents oxygen,
Y represents hydrogen.
Compounds of the general structure (I) or their embodiment (b) according to the invention can be prepared from amines of the formula (b1) and carboxylic acids of the formula (a2) or halides thereof of the formula (a3) by generally known processes as described, for example, in EP2007060166. The amines of the formula (b1) and carboxylic acids of the formula (a2) and their halides of the formula (a3) are commercially available.
The radicals X, Y, L1, L2, L3 and Q have the meanings described above. In this case, W represents oxygen, AG represents a leaving group, for example halogens or alkyl- or arylsulfonates.
Compounds of the general formula (I) according to the invention and their embodiment (a) can be prepared from amines of the formula (b) and alkylating agents of the formula (c1) by generally known processes as described, for example, in EP2007060166.
The radicals X, Y, L1, L2, L3 and Q have the meanings described above. W=oxygen is transformed directly into W=sulfur.
Compounds of the general formula (I) according to the invention and their embodiment (d) can be prepared from compounds of the formula (a) and appropriate sulfurizing agents, for example tetraphosphorus decasulfide (“phosphorus pentasulfide”) or 2,4-bis[4-methoxyphenyl]-2,4-dithiono-1,2,3,4-dithiadiphosphetane (“Lawesson's reagent”), by generally known processes. Process examples are known inter alia from Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], E5, 1255 (Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1985).
A further aspect of the present invention is a method for controlling endoparasitic pests, which method is characterized in that a compound of the formula (I) or (I-a) according to the invention or a salt, N-oxide or tautomeric form thereof is allowed to act on the pests and/or their habitat.
Field of Anthelmintic Use
The compositions according to the invention, having favorable homeotherm toxicity, are suitable for controlling pathogenic endoparasites which occur in humans and in animal keeping and animal breeding in the case of agricultural animals, breeding animals, zoo animals, laboratory animals, experimental animals and pets. They may be employed against all or individual stages of development of the pests and against resistant and normally sensitive endoparasite isolates. By controlling the pathogenic endoparasites, it is intended to reduce disease, mortality and decreasing performance (for example in the production of meat, milk, wool, hides, eggs, honey, etc.), so that more economical, simpler and healthier animal husbandry is possible by using the active compounds. The pathogenic endoparasites include helminths such as Platyhelmintha (in particular Monogenea, cestodes and trematodes), nematodes, Pentastoma and Acanthocephala. Examples which may be mentioned are:
Monogenea: for example: Gyrodactylus spp., Dactylogyrus spp., Polystoma spp.
Cestodes: From the order of the Pseudophyllidea, for example: Diphyllobothrium spp., Spirometra spp., Schistocephalus spp., Ligula spp., Bothridium spp., Diphlogonoporus spp.
From the order of the Cyclophyllidea, for example: Mesocestoides spp., Anoplocephala spp., Paranoplocephala spp., Moniezia spp., Thysanosoma spp., Thysaniezia spp., Avitellina spp., Stilesia spp., Cittotaenia spp., Andyra spp., Bertiella spp., Taenia spp., Echinococcus spp., Hydatigera spp., Davainea spp., Raillietina spp., Hymenolepis spp., Echinolepis spp., Echinocotyle spp., Diochis spp., Dipylidium spp., Joyeuxiella spp., Diplopylidium spp.
Trematodes: From the class of the Digenea, for example: Diplostomum spp., Posthodiplostomum spp., Schistosoma spp., Trichobilharzia spp., Ornithobilharzia spp., Austrobilharzia spp., Gigantobilharzia spp., Leucochloridium spp., Brachylaima spp., Echinostoma spp., Echinoparyphium spp., Echinochasmus spp., Hypoderaeum spp., Fasciola spp., Fasciolides spp., Fasciolopsis spp., Cyclocoelum spp., Typhlocoelum spp., Paramphistomum spp., Calicophoron spp-, Cotylophoron spp., Gigantocotyle spp., Fischoederius spp., Gastrothylacus spp., Notocotylus spp., Catatropis spp., Plagiorchis spp., Prosthogonimus spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Eurytrema spp., Troglotrema spp., Paragonimus spp., Collyriclum spp., Nanophyetus spp., Opisthorchis spp., Clonorchis spp. Metorchis spp., Heterophyes spp., Metagonimus spp.
Nematodes: From the order of the Trichinellida, for example: Trichuris spp., Capillaria spp., Trichomosoides spp., Trichinella spp.
From the order of the Tylenchida, for example: Micronema spp., Strongyloides spp.
From the order of the Rhabditina, for example: Strongylus spp., Triodontophorus spp., Oesophagodontus spp., Trichonema spp., Gyalocephalus spp., Cylindropharynx spp., Poteriostomum spp., Cyclococercus spp., Cylicostephanus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Stephanurus spp., Ancylostoma spp., Uncinaria spp., Bunostomum spp., Globocephalus spp., Syngamus spp., Cyathostoma spp., Metastrongylus spp., Dictyocaulus spp., Muellerius spp., Protostrongylus spp., Neostrongylus spp., Cystocaulus spp., Pneumostrongylus spp., Spicocaulus spp., Elaphostrongylus spp. Parelaphostrongylus spp., Crenosoma spp., Paracrenosoma spp., Angiostrongylus spp., Aelurostrongylus spp., Filaroides spp., Parafilaroides spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., Marshallagia spp., Cooperia spp., Nematodirus spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Obeliscoides spp., Amidostomum spp., Ollulanus spp.
From the order of the Spirurida, for example: Oxyuris spp., Enterobius spp., Passalurus spp., Syphacia spp., Aspiculuris spp., Heterakis spp.; Ascaris spp., Toxascaris spp., Toxocara spp., Baylisascaris spp., Parascaris spp., Anisakis spp., Ascaridia spp.; Gnathostoma spp., Physaloptera spp., Thelazia spp., Gongylonema spp., Habronema spp., Parabronema spp., Draschia spp., Dracunculus spp.; Stephanofilaria spp., Parafilaria spp., Setaria spp., Loa spp., Dirofilaria spp., Litomosoides spp., Brugia spp., Wuchereria spp., Onchocerca spp.
Acantocephala: From the order of the Oligacanthorhynchida, for example: Macracanthorhynchus spp., Prosthenorchis spp.; from the order of the Polymorphida, for example: Filicollis spp.; from the order of the Moniliformida, for example: Moniliformis spp.
From the order of the Echinorhynchida, for example, Acanthocephalus spp., Echinorhynchus spp., Leptorhynchoides spp.
Pentastoma: From the order of the Porocephalida, for example, Linguatula spp.
According to a preferred embodiment, the compounds of the formula (I) are used for controlling nematodes. The following nematodes may be mentioned with particular preference: Trichinellida, Tylenchida, Rhabditina or the following from the order of the Spirurida: Gnathostoma spp., Physaloptera spp., Thelazia spp., Gongylonema spp., Habronema spp., Parabronema spp., Draschia spp., Dracunculus spp.
A further particularly preferred embodiment provides the use for controlling Strongylida, in particular Haemonchus spp. (e.g. Haemonchus contortus), Trichostrongylus spp. (e.g. Trichostrongylus colubriformis), Cooperia spp., and Ostertagia spp. or Teladorsagia spp.
A further particularly preferred embodiment provides the use for controlling Ascaridida such as, for example, Parascaris spp.
Animals can be fish, reptiles, birds or in particular mammals.
The agricultural and breeding livestock include mammals such as, for example, cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, goats, camels, water buffalo, donkeys, rabbits, fallow deer, reindeer, fur-bearing animals such as, for example, mink, chinchilla, raccoon, birds such as, for example, chicken, geese, turkeys, ducks, ostriches, fish such as trout, salmon, carp, perches, pikes, eels.
Laboratory and experimental animals include mice, rats, guinea pigs, golden hamsters, dogs and cats.
Pets include dogs and cats.
According to the invention, the use for animals is preferred; however, in principle, the use for humans is also possible. In humans, Ascaris spp., Ancylostoma spp, Necator spp., Trichuris spp., Strongyloides spp. and Enterobius spp. are controlled with preference.
According to one embodiment, from among the mammals, herbivores, that is animals living mainly off plants, are preferred for the use according to the invention. Particular preference is given to the treatment of ruminants (such as, for example, sheep, goats, cattle).
A preferred example of a non-ruminating mammalian herbivore are horses. Here, the above-mentioned combinations can preferably be employed, for example, for controlling Strongylida or in particular Ascaridida such as Parascaris equorum.
In the case of the ruminants, preference is given to controlling Strongylida, in particular Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia spp. and Ostertagia spp.
According to the invention, particular preference is given to treating sheep.
According to the invention, particular preference is likewise given to treating cattle.
The active compounds according to the invention are employed in the veterinary sector and in animal husbandry in a manner known per se directly or in the form of suitable preparations. Administration can be effected prophylactically as well as therapeutically.
The compounds of the general formula (I) or (I-a) can be employed on their own or in combination with other active compounds, for example with other parasiticides.
The examples below illustrate the invention without limiting it.
94.6 mg (0.75 mmol) of 2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid, 198 mg (0.90 mmol) of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methylpropane-1-amine, 50.6 mg (0.37 mmol) of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), 46 mg (0.37 mmol) of DMAP, 172.5 mg (0.90 mmol) of EDC hydrochloride and 116 mg (0.90 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine are dissolved in 10 ml of dichloromethane, and the solution is stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After the reaction has ended, 10 ml of water are added, the organic phase is separated off and the aqueous phase is re-extracted with 5 ml of dichloromethane. The dichloromethane phases are filtered through a sodium sulfate/silica gel cartridge, the solvent is evaporated and the residue is separated by preparative HPLC.
Yield: 139.3 mg (63.6% of theory), colorless solid.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ [ppm], 7.73 (t, 1H, NH), 7.48 (d, 1H), 7.42 (d, 2H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 6.80 (d, 1H), 3.37 (d, 2H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 1.26 (s, 6H).
114 mg (0.6 mmol) of 2-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-1-ethylamine, 163 mg (0.72 mmol) of 2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl chloride, 40.5 mg (0.3 mmol) of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), 36.6 mg (0.3 mmol) of DMAP, 115 mg (0.6 mmol) of EDC hydrochloride and 77.5 mg (0.6 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine are dissolved in 10 ml of dichloromethane, and the solution is stirred at room temperature for 16 h. After the reaction has ended, 10 ml of water are added, the organic phase is separated off and the aqueous phase is re-extracted with 5 ml of dichloromethane. The dichloromethane phases are filtered through a sodium sulfate/silica gel cartridge, the solvent is evaporated and the residue is separated by preparative HPLC.
Yield: 146 mg (59.9% of theory), colourless solid.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ [ppm], 8.95 (t, 1H, NH), 8.80-8.79 (d, 1H), 7.99-7.97 (d, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.80-7.77 (dd, 1H), 7.72-7.69 (d, 1H), 7.40-7.38 (d, 1H), 4.30 (t, 2H), 3.70-3.67 (quart, 2H).
The examples listed in the table below can be prepared in the same manner.
1H NMR Data
The 1H NMR data were determined with a Bruker Avance 400 equipped with a flow probe head (volume 60 μl), with tetramethylsilane as a reference (0.0) and the solvents CD3CN, CDCl3, D6-DMSO.
The NMR data for selected examples are listed either in conventional form (δ values, multiplet splitting, number of hydrogen atoms) or as NMR peak lists.
NMR peak list method: When the 1H NMR data for selected examples are noted in the form of 1H NMR peak lists, first the δ value in ppm and then the signal intensity is listed for each signal peak, separated by a space. The δ value—signal intensity number pairs for different signal peaks are listed with separation from one another by semicolons. The peak list for one example therefore takes the form of: δ1 (intensity1); δ2 (intensity2); . . . ; δi (intensityi); . . . ; δn (intensityn) The solvent in which the NMR spectrum was recorded is listed in square brackets before the NMR peak list or the conventional NMR interpretation list.
1H-NMR, δ [ppm] or CAS or patent No.
7.9928
7.9656
8.0047
8.3169
7.9867
8.1571
7.913
I-15
I-16
I-17
I-18
I-19
I-20
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ [ppm], 8.95 (t, 1H, NH), 8.80-
I-21
I-22
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ [ppm], 10.10 (s, 1H,
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ [ppm], 10.15 (s, 1H,
I-23
Test Method for In Vitro Experiments with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis
Adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were isolated from the small intestine of female Wistar rats and transferred into 0.9% NaCl containing 20 g/ml sisomycin and 2 g/ml Canesten. The incubation of the worms (both sexes) was carried out in 1.0 ml of the medium also used for determining the acetylcholinesterase activity. The compounds were dissolved in DMSO and added to the incubation medium such that final concentrations of 100, 10 and 1 g/ml, respectively, were present. The controls contained only DMSO. Incubation and enzyme determination were described in the study by Rapson et al. (1987) Z. Parasitenkunde 73, 190-191.
Efficacy was classified using the categories 35 (0-35% inhibition), 60 (>35-60%), 84 (>60-84%) and 100 (>84-100%).
Heligmosomoides polygyrus/Mouse
Mice experimentally infected with Heligmosomoides polyvgyrus were treated after the prepatency time of the parasite had passed. The active compounds were administered orally in a Cremophor EL/water mixture.
The degree of activity was determined by counting the number of worms in the intestine during the dissection of the mice. The efficacy was determined via the number of worms compared to the number of worms in the intestine of untreated control animals.
Active compounds tested and effective dosages (Dosis effectiva) are shown in the table below.
Haemonchus contortus/Sheep
Sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus were treated after the prepatency time of the parasite had passed. The active compounds were administered orally and/or intramuscularly as pure active compound.
The degree of activity was determined by counting the number of worms in the abomasum during the dissection of the sheep. The efficacy was determined via the number of worms compared to the number of worms in the abomasum of untreated control animals.
Active compounds tested and effective dosages (Dosis effectiva) are shown in the table below.
Solvent: dimethyl sulfoxide
To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 10 mg of active compound are mixed with 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the concentrate is diluted with “Ringer solution” to the desired concentration. Vessels containing the active compound preparation of the desired concentration are populated with about 40 Haemonchus contortus larvae.
After 5 days, the kill in % is determined. 100% means that all larvae have been killed; 0% means that no larvae have been killed.
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 100% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 20-26, 20-29
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 90% at an application rate of 20 ppm: 13-4
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 80% at an application rate of 20 ppm: 14-2, 14-4
Cooperia curticei Test (COOPCU)
Solvent: dimethyl sulfoxide
To produce a suitable preparation of active compound, 10 mg of active compound are mixed with 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the concentrate is diluted with “Ringer solution” to the desired concentration. Vessels containing the active compound preparation of the desired concentration are populated with about 40 Cooperia curticei larvae.
After 5 days, the kill in % is determined. 100% means that all larvae have been killed; 0% means that no larvae have been killed.
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 100% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 20-26
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 80% at an application rate of 100 ppm: 17-37
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 90% at an application rate of 20 ppm: 14-2, 14-4, 13-4
In this test, for example, the following compounds of the Preparation Examples show an effect of 80% at an application rate of 20 ppm: 20-29
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11190735 | Nov 2011 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/073431 | 11/23/2012 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013/076230 | 5/30/2013 | WO | A |
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