Use of substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compounds as medicaments

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of at least one substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenyl-hexane-3-ol compound and/or one of the enantiomers thereof and/or one of the diastereomers thereof and/or one of the physiologically acceptable salts thereof for producing a medicament that has an N-methyl-D-aspartate-(NMDA)-antagonistic effect.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the use of at least one substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compound and/or one of the enantiomers thereof and/or one of the diastereomers thereof and/or one of the corresponding physiologically tolerable salts thereof in the manufacture of a medicament with an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonistic effect.

[0002] Knowledge of the physiological significance of ion channel selective substances has been gained through the development of the patch clamp technique. Of particular significance is the NMDA ion channel, through which a considerable proportion of synapse communications runs. The exchange of calcium ions between a neuronal cell and its environment is controlled by this ion channel. The effect of NMDA antagonists on the flow of calcium ions into the interior of the cell can be demonstrated using the patch clamp technique.

[0003] In an inactivated state, the NMDA ion channels are closed by single magnesium ions which are inside the channel but cannot pass therethrough owing to their size. In an activated state, the smaller calcium and sodium ions can pass through the channel. The (+)-MK801 binding site of the NMDA ion channel (ionotropic NMDA receptor) is also inside this membrane protein. Substances with an NMDA anatagonist effect, such as phencyclidine (PCP), ketamine or MK801 occupy this binding site (so-called “channel blockers”) and thus close the NMDA ion channel in question.

[0004] NMDA ion channels play an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as, for example, epilepsy, schizophrenia, neurodegenerative diseases, especially in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischaemia and infarction, psychoses caused by raised amino acid level, cerebral oedema, under-supply of the central nervous system, in particular with hypoxia and anoxia, AIDS dementia, encephalomyelitis, Tourette's syndrome, perinatal asphyxia and tinnitus.

[0005] The aim of this invention was therefore to make medicaments available which exhibit an NMDA antagonist effect and are therefore suitable for the preventative treatment of cerebrovascular attacks (strokes) and/or the treatment of epilepsy and/or schizophrenia and/or neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease or Parkinson's disease and/or cerebral ischaemia and/or cerebral infarction and/or psychoses caused by raised amino acid level and/or cerebral oedema and/or under-supply of the central nervous system, in particular hypoxia and/or anoxia and/or AIDS dementia and/or encephalomyelitis and/or Tourette's syndrome and/or perinatal asphyxia and/or tinnitus.

[0006] Surprisingly, it was found that substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compounds of general formula I below and the enantiomers, diastereomers and physiologically tolerable salts thereof exhibit a marked NMDA antagonistic effect and therefore are highly suitable for influencing the above mentioned physiological and pathophysiological processes.

[0007] The object of this invention is the use of at least one substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compound of general formula I, 1

[0008] where n=1or 2,

[0009] group A represents an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group,

[0010] groups R1 and R2, the same or different, stand for a C1-6 alkyl group, preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, or groups R1 and R2 together form a (CH2)2-6 chain, which may also be phenyl substituted or benzo-condensed,

[0011] groups R3 and R4, the same or different, stand for a C1-6 alkyl group, preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group or for a C1-3 alkyl group-bound, optionally substituted aryl group, or groups R3 and R4 together represent (CH2)3-6 or CH2CH2OCH2CH2,

[0012] groups R5, R6 and R7, the same or different, represent H, F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, OR8, SO2CH3, SO2CF3, phenyl, CN, NO2 or a C1-6 alkyl group, preferably a C1-3 alkyl group,

[0013] group R8 stands for H, a C1-6 alkyl group, preferably a C1-3 alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group or for a C1-3 alkyl group-bound, optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group,

[0014] and/or one of the enantiomers thereof and/or one of the diastereomers thereof and/or a corresponding physiologically tolerable salt for the manufacture of a medicament with an NMDA antagonistic effect.

[0015] Physiologically tolerable salts of the compounds of general formula I and/or enantiomers thereof and/or diastereomers thereof may be hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, sulphonate, phosphate, tartrate, embonate, formiate, acetate, propionate, benzoate, oxalate, succinate, citrate, glutamate, fumarate, aspartate, glutarate, stearate, butyrate, malonate, lactate, mesylate or a mixture of at least two of these salts.

[0016] Alkyl groups means branched, unbranched and cyclic hydrocarbon groups, which can also be substituted at least simply, preferably with a halogen group and/or a hydroxyl group, particularly preferably with fluorine and/or a hydroxyl group. If these alkyl groups contain more than one substituent, then these substituents may be the same or different. The alkyl groups are preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-diemethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, hexyl, 1-methylpentyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, 2-methylcyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, CHF2, CF3 or CH2OH.

[0017] An aryl group also means at least a phenyl or naphthyl group substituted simply with an OR8, halogen, preferably F and/or Cl, CN, NO2, C1-6 alkyl or phenyl group, whereby the R8 group has the meaning according to general formula I. The phenyl groups can also be condensed with further rings.

[0018] A heteroaryl group also means 5- or 6-member, unsaturated, heterocyclic compounds, optionally containing fused aryl groups, which contain at least one heteroatom, preferably nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur, particularly preferably nitrogen or oxygen and which optionally also can be substituted at least simply with an OR8, halogen, preferably F and/or Cl, CN, NO2, C1-6 alkyl or phenyl group, whereby the R8 group has the meaning according to general formula I. Preferred, optionally substituted, heteroaryl groups are furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine or quinazoline.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, at least one compound of general formula I is used, in which groups R1 and R2 together form a (CH2)2-6 chain, which can also be phenyl substituted or benzo-condensed, and groups R3 to R8 and A have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0020] Also preferable is the use of at least one compound of general formula I, in which A means an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, thiophenyl or furyl group and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0021] Also preferable is the use of at least one compound of general formula I, in which groups R5 to R7, the same or different, mean H, a halogen or a CF3 group and groups R1 to R4, R8 and A have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0022] Also preferable is the use of at least one compound of general formula I, in which the phenyl ring in general formula I is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position and groups R1 to R8 and A have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0023] Also preferable is the use of at least one compound of general formula I, in which A represents a phenyl ring, which is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0024] In a particularly preferred embodiment of this invention, at least one compound of general formula I is used, in which groups R1 and R2 together form a cyclohexyl ring, which can also be phenyl substituted or benzo-condensed, A means an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, thiophenyl or furyl group and groups R3 to R8 have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0025] Also particularly preferable is the use of at least one compound of general formula I, in which A represents a phenyl ring, which is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position and in which the phenyl ring in general formula I is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning according to general formula I.

[0026] Quite particularly preferable is the use of at least one of the following compounds of general formula I:

[0027] 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0028] 2 -[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0029] 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0030] 2-[dimethylamino-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0031] 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride

[0032] 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0033] 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0034] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0035] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0036] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0037] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0038] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0039] 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0040] 1-phenethyl-2-(phenylpiperidine-1-yl-methyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0041] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0042] 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0043] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0044] 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0045] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0046] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-m-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0047] 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0048] 1 -[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0049] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0050] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(morpholine-4-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0051] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(piperidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0052] 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0053] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0054] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0055] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0056] 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0057] 1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0058] 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0059] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0060] 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0061] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0062] 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0063] 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0064] 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0065] 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0066] 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0067] 2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0068] 2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0069] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0070] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0071] 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride,

[0072] 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, or

[0073] 2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride.

[0074] A further object of the invention is also the use of at least one substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compound of general formula I for the manufacture of a medicament for the preventative treatment of cerebrovascular attacks (strokes) and/or the treatment of epilepsy and/or schizophrenia and/or neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease and/or Huntington's disease and/or Parkinson's disease and/or cerebral ischaemia and/or cerebral infarction and/or psychoses caused by raised amino acid level and/or cerebral oedema and/or under-supply of the central nervous system, in particular hypoxia and/or anoxia and/or AIDS dementia and/or encephalomyelitis and/or Tourette's syndrome and/or perinatal asphyxia and/or tinnitus.

[0075] The above mentioned medicament may also contain a mixture of enantiomers of at least one compound of general formula I, whereby the enantiomers in this mixture are not present in equimolar quantities. The relative proportion of one of the enantiomers in such a mixture of enantiomers preferably amounts to 5 to 45 percent by mass.

[0076] Preparation of the medicament may involve, along with at least one compound of general formula I, further excipients, such as base materials, fillers, solvents, diluents, colorants and binders. The selection of excipients and the amounts to be used depend on whether the medicament is to be administered orally, intravenously, intraperitoneally, intradermally, intramuscularly, intranasally, buccally or locally. Suitable excipients and their quantities are known to people skilled in the art for each type of administration. For oral administration, medicaments in the form of tablets, lozenges, chewing gums, dragees, capsules, granulates, drops, juices and syrups are suitable, for parenteral, topical and inhalation administration, preferably solutions, suspensions, emulsions, easily reconstituted dry preparations, spheroids, sprays, suppositories or plasters, such as transdermal therapeutic systems, are suitable. For buccal administration, preferably a transmucal therapeutic system is suitable. The compounds of general formula I in depot, in dissolved form or in a plaster, optionally with the addition of a skin penetration medium, are suitable as percutaneous administration forms. Orally or percutaneously applicable preparation forms may release compounds of general formula I with delayed action.

[0077] The amount of active ingredient to be given to patients varies according to the patients' weight, the type of administration, the indication and the severity of the illness. Usually, 0.5 to 50 mg per kg of patients' body weight of at least one compound of general formula I is administered.

[0078] The substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compounds of general formula I can be manufactured as described below. The R1 to R7 groups and A have the meaning in accordance with general formula I in the following general formulae II to IX.

[0079] Through the conversion of Mannich bases of general formula II 2

[0080] with substituted Grignard compounds of general formula III 3

[0081] where n=1 or 2 and X=MgCl, MgBr, MgI or Li, in an aliphatic ether, preferably diethylether and/or tetrahydrofuran, a hydrocarbon, preferably hexane or toluene, or mixtures of hydrocarbons and aliphatic ethers, preferably at temperatures between −70° C. and +110° C., depending on the reaction conditions, preferably tertiary alcohols with the relative configuration of general formula Ia are obtained, 4

[0082] in which the aminoarylmethyl or aminoheteroaryl methyl group is arranged cis to the hydroxyl group if R1 and R2 form a ring system. With open-chain systems, the analogous relative stereo-chemistry is preferably obtained, which is to be specified as anti. The compounds of general formula I can be obtained free from diastereomers by column chromatographic separation or by crystallisation of the salts thereof, for example hydrochlorides.

[0083] In accordance with procedures known from the literature (Houben-Weyl—Methods in Organic Chemistry, E21b, 1995, pp 1925-1929), the Mannich bases of general formula II can be obtained by conversion of enamines of general formula IV, 5

[0084] with an imminium salt of general formula V, 6

[0085] where Y preferably means Cl−, AlCl4−, Br− or I−.

[0086] The enamines of general formula IV are obtained in accordance with procedures known from the literature through the conversion of ketones of general formula VI 7

[0087] with secondary amines, preferably dimethylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine. (Acta Chem. Scand. Vol 38, 1984, pp 49-53). The imminium salts of general formula V are manufactured in accordance with procedures known from the literature through the conversion of aminals of general formula VII 8

[0088] with acid chlorides, for example acetyl chloride or thionyl chloride (Houben-Weyl—Methods in Organic Chemistry, E21b, 1995, pp 1925-1929).

[0089] The imminium salts of general formula V need not be isolated, but instead can be produced in situ and converted, with enamines of general formula IV, to Mannich bases of general formula II (Applied Chem. 106, 1994, pp 2531-2533). Owing to the enamine-imine tautomerism, which is analogous to keto-enol tautomerism, imines of general formula VIII can be used instead of the enamines of general formula IV, 9

[0090] where R* stands for an alkyl or aryl group. Alternatively, ketones of general formula VI can also be converted directly with imminium salts of general formula V.

[0091] However, Mannich bases of general formula II can also be manufactured directly by conversion of enamines of general formula IV with an aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehyde of general formula IX 10

[0092] and a secondary amine of general formula HNR3R4 (XI), which may also take the form of the corresponding hydrochloride HNR3R4.HCl, preferably in the presence of triethylamine, chlorotrimethylsilane and sodium iodide (Synlett 1997, pp 974-976).

[0093] The Mannich bases of general formula II are obtained using the above mentioned procedures in relation to the reaction conditions, preferably with the relative configuration of general formula IIa, 11

[0094] in which the amino group is arranged anti to R1. These compounds of general formula IIa can be obtained free from diastereomers by crystallisation, also of the salts thereof, hydrochlorides for example, or by chromatographic separation.

[0095] The representation of Mannich bases of general formula II by 1,4 addition of secondary amines of general formula XI to enones of general formula X, 12

[0096] which are obtained from the aldol condensation of ketones of general formula VI with aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes of general formula IX, is, on the other hand, less stereoselective (U.S. Pat. No. 4,017,637). This procedure is therefore suitable for the representation of other possible stereoisomers.

[0097] If chiral amines are used to represent enamines of general formula IV or imines of general formula VIII, then enantiomer-enriched to enantiomer-free Mannich bases of general formula II may be obtained in the subsequent Mannich reaction (Houben-Weyl—Methods in Organic Chemistry, E21b, 1995, pp 1925-1929).

[0098] 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compounds of general formula I, which contain a phenol, can preferably be manufactured from the corresponding methylether compounds with diiusobutyl aluminium hydride in an aromatic hydrocarbon, preferably toluene, at a temperature between 60° C. and 130° C. (Synthesis 1975, pp 617-630).

[0099] The compounds of general formula I can be converted with the corresponding acids in a known manner into the physiologically tolerable salts thereof. Salt formation preferably takes place in a solvent, for example diethylether, diisopropylether, alkyl acetate, acetone and/or 2-butanone. Furthermore, trimethylchlorosilane in methylethylketone is suitable for the manufacture of hydrochlorides.

[0100] Molecular Biological Research:

[0101] Research to determine the NMDA antagonistic effect of each compound in general formula I was carried out on cerebral membrane homogenates (homogenate of rat brain without cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata taken from male Wistar rats (Charles River, Sulzfeld, Germany)).

[0102] For this purpose, after separating the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata, freshly prepared rat brains were macerated in 50 mmol/l of tris/HCl (pH 7.7) with a Polytron homogeniser (model PT3000, Kinematika AG, Littau, Switzerland) at 6000 revolutions per minute (rpm) for 1 minute with ice cooling and centrifuged for 15 minutes at 4° C. and 60,000 g. After decanting and discarding the supernatant, again placing in 50 mmol/l of tris/HCl (pH 7.7) and macerating the membrane pellet with a homogeniser at 2000 rpm for 1 minute, it was centrifuged again for 15 minutes at 4° C. and 60,000 g. The supernatant was again discarding and the membrane pellet homogenised (2000 rpm for 1 minute) in 50 mmol/l of tris/HCl (pH 7.7) and frozen in aliquots at −70° C.

[0103] For the receptor bonding test, each aliquot was defrosted and then centrifuged for 15 minutes at 4° C. and 60,000 g. After decanting and discarding the supernatant, the membrane pellet was taken up with bonding test buffer and homogenised (2000 rpm for 1 minute). The bonding test buffer was 5 mmol/l tris/HCl (pH 7.7) supplemented with 30 μmol/l of glycine and 100 μmol/l of glutamic acid.

[0104] 1 nmol/l of (3H)-(+)-MK801 ((5R, 10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cycloheptane-5,10-imine was used as a radioactively marked ligand (NET-972, NEN, Cologne Germany). The proportion of unspecific bonding was determined in the presence of 10 μmol/l of non-radioactively marked (+)-MK801 (RBI/Sigma, Deisenhofen, Germany). In further batches, each of the compounds of general formula I were added in series of concentrations and the displacement of the radioactive ligand out of its specific bond to the NMDA receptor determined. All the batches were subjected to triple determinations. The batches were each incubated for 40 minutes at 25° C. in a water bath and then harvested for determination of the radioactive ligand bound to the cerebral membrane homogenate by means of filtration through glass-fibre filters (GF/B) (Whatman GF/B, Hassel, Munich, Germany). The radioactivity retained by the glass-fibre filter discs was measured in a β counter (Packard TRI-CARB Liquid Scintillation Analyser 2000CA, Packard Instrument, Meriden, Conn. 06450, USA) after adding a scintillator (“Ready Protein” scintillator, Beckmann Coulter GmhH, Krefeld, Germany).

[0105] The percentage inhibition of the specific bonding of the ligand (3H)-(+)-MK801 in the presence of 10 μmol/l of each compound of general formula I resulting from the triple batches is used as a measure of the affinity of the compound for the (+)-MK801 binding site of the ionotropic NMDA receptor. From batches with concentration series of these compounds of general formula I, the IC50 values (concentration of substituted compounds with 50% displacement of radioactive ligand out of its specific bond) were calculated in accordance with the law of mass action using non-linear regression. From these IC50 values, the Kj values were calculated in accordance with the Cheng-Prusoff equation (Y. Cheng, W. H. Prusoff, 1973, Biochem. Pharmacol., 22, pp 3099-3108).

[0106] The invention is explained below by means of examples. These examples are used to explain the invention, but they do not restrict the general inventive concept.

EXAMPLES

[0107] The yields of the compounds produced are not optimised.

[0108] All temperatures are uncorrected.

[0109] The stationary phase for column chromatography was silica gel 60 (0.040-0.063 mm) from E. Merck of Darmstadt.

[0110] Thin-layer chromatography was undertaken with HPTLC chromatoplates, silica gel 60 F 254 from E. Merck of Darmstadt.

[0111] The mixing ratios of the mobile solvent for all the chromatography are always given in volume/volume.

[0112] The resolutions of racemates were carried out on a Chiracel OD column or on a ChiraPak AD column with a guard column produced by Daicel.

[0113] The term room temperature means 20 to 25° C.

[0114] m.p. means melting point (n.d. means “not determined”).

[0115] CC means column chromatography, hex stands for n-hexane, EA for ethyl acetate, ether for diethylether, iso for isopropanol and DEA for diethyl amine.

[0116] General Synthesis Specification 1:

[0117] Grignard Reaction

[0118] 1,2 molar equivalent magnesium chips were agitated in diethylether or tetrahydrofuran p.a. (about 1 ml of solvent per mmol of Mg). 1,2 molar equivalent of each halide, dissolved in 1 ml of solvent per mmol of halide, was added in drops so that the reaction mixture boiled slightly. After adding, it was agitated for one hour at room temperature. In the case of unsubstituted phenethyl Grignard, the Grignard reagent was optionally not usually produced, but a commercially available solution of phenethyl magnesium chloride was used (1 mol/l in tetrahydrofuran) (Sigma Aldrich GmbH, Deisenhofen, Germany). Next, 1 molar equivalent of each Mannich base was dissolved in 1.5 ml of solvent per mmol, dropped into the Grignard batch with ice-bath cooling and agitated for 15 hours at room temperature.

[0119] For processing, saturated ammonium chloride solution (1.5 ml per mmol of Mannich base) was added with ice-bath cooling and extracted three times at room temperature with diethylether (each time 1.5 ml per mmol of Mannich base). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to low bulk on a rotary evaporator (500 to 10 mbar). For purification, the crude base produced was dissolved in 2-butanone (3 ml per mmol of crude product) and the corresponding hydrochloride was precipitated under agitation and with the addition of a half molar equivalent of water, followed by 1,1 molar equivalent of chlorotrimethylsilane.

[0120] If no hydrochloride was formed with cooling to about 4° C. and agitation overnight or after adding ether, the precipitation batch was taken up in double the volume of water, washed with three small portions of ether, the aqueous phase made alkali with a little approximately 30% sodium hydroxide solution and extracted three times with ether. These last extracts were again combined and either passed directly to another hydrochloride precipitation or first purified by column chromatography on silica gel.

[0121] General Synthesis Specification 2:

[0122] Semi-automated Grignard Reaction 1

[0123] As described in general synthesis specification 1, in each case, halide and magnesium chips were used to produce each Grignard solution in tetrahydrofuran (theoretical content of Grignard reagent 1 mmol/l). In a nitrogen atmosphere, 4.0 ml of this solution was pipetted into a closed tube with a septum cap. It was cooled to −20° C. and, under agitation, 2.0 ml of the solution was added to a Mannich base in tetrahydrofuran (concentration 1.60 mmol/l). It was then warmed to room temperature and agitated overnight, next re-cooled to −20° C. and 2.0 ml of half-saturated ammonium chloride solution was added for hydrolysis.

[0124] Further processing was in accordance with general synthesis specification 1.

Example 1

2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 2

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 3

2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 4

2-[dimethylamino-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 5

2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 6

2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

[0125] Example 7

2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 8

2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 9

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 10

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 11

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 12

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 13

1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 14

1-phenethyl-2-(phenylpiperidine-1-yl-methyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 15

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 16

1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 17

2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 18

2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 19

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 20

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-m-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 21

1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 22

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 23

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 24

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(morpholine-4-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 25

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(piperidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 26

1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 27

2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 28

2-[dimethylamino-(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 29

2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 30

2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 31

1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 32

2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 33

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 34

2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 35

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 36

2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 37

2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 38

2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 39

2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 40

2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 41

2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 42

2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 43

2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 44

2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 45

2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 46

1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 47

2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

[0126] The Mannich bases used in examples 1 to 47 and the quantities of them, each halide used and the yields for each of the example compounds obtained in accordance with general synthesis specification 1 or 2, the processing of them and their melting points are given in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1
Synthesis of selected 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol
or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compounds.
	Batch
	size			Yield
	mmol of			(m.p.)
Example	Mannich			g of
No	base	Mannich base	Halide	hydrochloride	Purification
1	13.0	2-(dimethyl-	Phenethyl-	3.26	Addition of
		aminophenyl-	bromide	(100° C.)*	ether
		methyl)cyclo-
		hexanone
2**	7.47	2-[(2-chloro-	Phenethyl-	1.12	4° C.
		phenyl)dimethyl-	chloride	(110° C.)*
		aminomethyl]-
		cyclohexanone
3**	6.99	2-[(2-bromo-	Phenethyl-	1.13	4° C.
		phenyl)dimethyl-	chloride	(162-165° C.)
		aminomethyl]-
		cyclohexanone
4**	11.5	2-[dimethyl-amino-(3-	Phenethyl-	3.81	Addition of
		methoxyphenyl)-	chloride	(90° C.)*	ether
		methyl]cyclo-
		hexanone
5**	10.2	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	Phenethyl-	2.09	4° C.
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo-	chloride	(187-188° C.)
		hexanone
6	10.8	2-(dimethyl-	1-bromo-3-	2.92	Addition of
		aminophenyl-	phenyl-propane	(90° C.)*	ether
		methyl)cyclo-
		hexanone
7	10.8	2-(dimethyl-	1-(2-bromo-	2.59	Addition of
		aminophenyl-	ethyl)-2-	(95° C.)*	ether
		methyl)cyclo-	fluorobenzene
		hexanone
8**	8.02	2-[dimethyl-amino-(2-	Phenethyl-	1.21	Second
		fluorophenyl]-	chloride	(172-174° C.)	precipitation
		methyl)cyclo-
		hexanone
9	7.52	2-[(2-chloro-	1-(2-bromo	1.74	4° C.
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-4-	(170° C.)*
		aminomethyl]-	fluorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
10	22.6	2-[(2-chloro-	1-(2-bromo-	3.51	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(162-163° C.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		aminomethyl]-	fluorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
11	7.52	2-[(2-chloro-	1-(2-bromo-	0.24	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-3-	(120-126° C.)	(hex/EA
		aminomethyl]-	fluorobenzene		4/1)
		cyclohexanone
12	86.4	2-(dimethyl-	1-(2-bromo-	3.31	CC
		aminophenyl-	ethyl)-2-	(152° C.)*	(hex/ether 1/1)
		methyl)cyclo-	chlorobenzene
		hexanone
13	8.64	2-(dimethyl-	1-(2-bromo-	0.84	Second
		aminophenyl-	ethyl)-3-	(95° C.)*	precipitation
		methyl)cyclo-	chlorobenzene
		hexanone
14**	7.37	2-(phenyl-piperidine-	Phenethyl-	1.19	Second
		1-yl-methyl)cyclo-	chloride	(127° C.)*	precipitation
		hexanone
15	40.8	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	3.20	CC
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo	ethyl)-2-	(190-194° C.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		hexanone	chlorobenzene
16***	3.19	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.32	4° C.
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo-	ethyl)-3-	(n.d.)
		hexanone	chlorobenzene
17***	3.19	2-[dimethyl-amino-(2-	1-(2-bromo-	0.73	4° C.
		fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-4-	(n.d.)
		methyl]cyclo-	fluorobenzene
		hexanone
18***	3.19	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.57	4° C.
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo-	ethyl)-4-	(n.d.)
		hexanone	fluorobenzene
19***	3.19	2-[dimethyl-amino-(2-	1-(2-bromo-	0.50	Second
		fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(213° C.)	precipitation
		methyl]cyclo-	chlorobenzene
		hexanone
20***	3.19	2-(dimethyl-amino-m-	1-(2-bromo-	0.47	Second
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		hexanone	chlorobenzene
21***	3.19	2-[dimethyl-amino-(2-	1-(2-bromo-	0.63	Second
		fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-3-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		methyl]cyclo-	chlorobenzene
		hexanone
22***	3.19	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	0.66	Second
		(3-fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		methyl]cyclo-	chlorobenzene
		hexanone
23	36.8	2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-	1-(2-bromo-	2.18	CC
		tolylmethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(155° C.)*	(hex/ether 1/1)
		cyclohexanone	chlorobenzene
24***	3.19	2-(morpholine-4-yl-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.37	Second
		tolylmethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		cyclohexanone	chlorobenzene
25***	3.19	2-(piperidine-1-yl-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.27	Second
		tolylmethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		cyclohexanone	chlorobenzene
26***	3.19	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.24	Fourth
		tolyl-methyl)cyclo-	ethyl)-3-	(n.d.)	precipitation
		hexanone	chlorobenzene
27**	8.35	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	Phenethyl-	2.26	4° C.
		(3-trifluoromethyl-	chloride	(n.d.)
		phenyl)methyl]-
		cyclohexanone
28	9.56	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	0.49	CC
		(2-methoxyphenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(ether)
		methyl]cyclo-	fluorobenzene
		hexanone
29	10.0	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	1.53	CC
		(2-fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		methyl]cyclo-	fluorobenzene
		hexanone
30	10.2	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.52	CC
		tolyl-methyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		cyclohexanone	fluorobenzene
31	9.21	2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-	1-(2-bromo-	0.63	CC
		tolylmethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		cyclohexanone	fluorobenzene
32	16.1	2-[(2-bromo-	1-(2-bromo-	3.22	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		aminomethyl]-	chlorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
33	18.8	2-[(2-chloro-	1-(2-bromo-	3.08	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		aminomethyl]-	chlorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
34	16.1	2-[(2-bromo-	1-(2-bromo-	1.54	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		aminomethyl]-	fluorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
35	18.8	2-[(2-chloro-	1-(2-bromo-	1.17	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		aminomethyl]-	methylbenzene
		cyclohexanone
36	18.8	2-[(2-chloro-	1-bromo-3-	1.11	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	phenyl-propane	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		aminomethyl]-
		cyclohexanone
37	20.1	2-(dimethyl-	1-(2-bromo-	1.30	CC
		aminophenyl-methyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		cyclohexanone	methylbenzene
38	16.1	2-[(2-bromo-	1-(2-bromo-	3.34	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		aminomethyl]-	methylbenzene
		cyclohexanone
39	20.4	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-(2-bromo-	1.44	CC
		tolylmethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 1/1)
		cyclohexanone	methylbenzene
40	16.1	2-[(2-bromo-	1-bromo-3-	3.82	CC
		phenyl)dimethyl-	phenyl-propane	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		aminomethyl]-
		cyclohexanone
41	17.6	2-[(2-chloro-4-	1-(2-bromo-	0.90	CC
		fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		dimethylamino-	fluorobenzene
		methyl]-
		cyclohexanone
42	17.6	2-[(2-chloro-4-	1-(2-bromo-	0.88	CC
		fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		dimethylamino-	chlorobenzene
		methyl]-
		cyclohexanone
43	20.1	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	0.79	CC
		(2-fluorophenyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		methyl]cyclo-	methylbenzene
		hexanone
44	20.1	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-bromo-3-	4.08	CC
		(2-fluorophenyl)-	phenyl-propane	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		methyl]cyclo-
		hexanone
45	20.4	2-(dimethyl-amino-o-	1-bromo-3-	0.63	CC
		tolylmethyl)-	phenyl-propane	(n.d.)	(EA)
		cyclohexanone
46	16.7	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	2.08	CC
		(2-trifluoromethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		phenyl)methyl]-	chlorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
47	16.7	2-[(dimethyl-amino-	1-(2-bromo-	2.06	CC
		(2-trifluoromethyl)-	ethyl)-2-	(n.d.)	(hex/ether 2/1)
		phenyl)methyl]-	fluorobenzene
		cyclohexanone
*From this temperature, decomposition of the compound was observed.
**A commercially available solution of phenethyl magnesium chloride in tetrahydrofuran was used.
***Carried out in accordance with general synthesis specification 2.

[0127] Resolutions of Racemates:

[0128] With some of the racemic substances, a racemic resolution was carried out by means of preparative HPLC and then the fractions obtained were precipitated in accordance with general synthesis specification 1 as hydrochloride. The elution medium used was a mixture of hexane, isopropanol and diethylamine. The resolution conditions are summarised below:

Example 15

[0129]

Preparative resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 980:20:1
Column         ChiraPak AD (10 μm) 250 × 20 mm
Sample         5 percent by mass in elution medium/iso 1:1;
               2 ml sample volume per injection
Flow           9 ml/min
Detection      254 nm
Analytical resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 980:20:1
Column         ChiraPak AD (10 μm) 250 × 4.6 mm
Sample         0.1 percent by mass in elution medium;
               20 μl sample volume
Flow           1 ml/min
Detection      235 nm
Fraction 1:

Example 48

(−)-15-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethylcyclohexanol), hydrochloride

[0130] Fraction 2:

Example 49

(+)-15-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethylcyclohexanol), hydrochloride

Example 6

[0131]

Preparative resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 970:30:1
Column         Chiracel OD (10 μm) 250 × 20 mm
Sample         5 percent by mass in elution medium;
Flow           1 ml sample volume per injection
               9 ml/min
Detection      241 nm
Analytical resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 970:30:1
Column         Chiracel OD (10 μm) 250 × 4.6 mm
Sample         0.1 percent by mass in elution medium;
               20 μl sample volume
Flow           1 ml/min
Detection      241 nm
Fraction 1:

(−)-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

[0132] Fraction 2:

Example 51

(+)-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

Example 10

[0133]

Preparative resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 850:150:1
Column         Chiracel OD (10 μm) 250 × 25 mm
Sample         5 percent by mass in elution medium;
               2 ml sample volume per injection
Flow           9 ml/min
Detection      247 nm
Analytical resolution:
Elution medium Hex/iso/DEA 850:150:1
Column         Chiracel OD (10 μm) 250 × 4.6 mm
Sample         0. 1 percent by mass in elution medium;
               20 μl sample volume
Flow           1 ml/min
Detection      247 nm
Fraction 1:

Example 52

(−)-2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

[0134] Fraction 2:

Example 53

(+)-2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol, hydrochloride

[0135] The excess of enantiomers (ea in %) and the specific angle of rotation of the enantiomers obtained are given in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2
Enantiomeric excess (ee in %) and specific
angle of rotation of the enantiomers
Example	Enantiomeric excess	Specific angle of rotation
No	ee/%	αD20 in methanol
48	>98	−34.1 (c = 0.935)
49	>98	+33.5 (c = 0.951)
50	>98	−21.2 (c = 0.765)
51	>98	+21.3 (c = 0.712)
52	>98	−34.0 (c = 0.908)
53	>98	+33.8 (c = 0.914)

[0136] Molecular Biological Research:

[0137] The affinity of each of these example compounds 1 to 53 to the (+)-MK801 binding site on the ionotropic NMDA receptor was determined in accordance with the procedure described above. The corresponding percentage inhibition of the specific binding of the (3H)-(+)-MK801 ligand and the corresponding Kj values are given in Table 3 below.

TABLE 3
Percentage inhibition of specific binding of
the (3H)-(+)-MK80l ligand and Ki values
	Percentage inhibition of
	(3H)-(+)-MK801 binding
Example	at 10 μM	Ki/μM
1	56	3.8
2	95	1.7
3	91	1.7
4	51	6.2
5	93	1.3
6	74	2.6
7	91	1.1
8	91	1.6
9	67	3.8
10	102	0.4
11	93	2.1
12	85	1.5
13	61	3.1
14	88	2.8
15	100	0.7
16	92	1.9
17	54	5.8
18	54	6.1
19	102	0.8
20	62	4.3
21	90	2.1
22	74	3.0
23	101	0.4
24	48	3.7
25	89	1.4
26	89	1.3
27	67	4.2
28	82	2.5
29	104	0.3
30	105	0.3
31	99	0.1
32	96	0.7
33	93	0.6
34	95	0.4
35	93	1.8
36	85	1.9
37	77	1.8
38	93	2.3
39	90	1.4
40	82	1.9
41	94	1.2
42	85	2.0
43	92	1.4
44	91	1.4
45	91	1.8
46	79	1.9
47	90	1.4
48	99	0.4
49	93	1.3
50	87	0.6
51	80	2.3
52	105	0.2
53	104	0.5

Claims

1. Use of at least one substituted 1-amino-5-phenylpentane-3-ol and/or 1-amino-6-phenylhexane-3-ol compound with general formula I,

2. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that groups R1 and R2, the same or different, stand for a C1-3-alkyl group and groups R3 to R8 and A have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

3. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that groups R3 and R4, the same or different, stand for a C1-3-alkyl group and groups R1, R2, R5 to R8 and A have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

4. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that group R8 stands for a C1-3-alkyl group and groups R1 to R7 and A have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

5. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that groups R1 and R2 together form a (CH2)2-6 chain, which may also be phenyl substituted or benzo-condensed, and groups R3 to R8 and A have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

6. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that A means an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, thiophenyl or furyl group and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

7. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that groups R5 to R7, the same or different, mean H, a halogen or a CF3 group and groups R1 to R4, R8 and A have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

8. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that groups R1 and R2 together form a cyclohexyl ring, which may also be phenyl substituted or benzo-condensed, A means a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, thiophenyl or furyl and groups R3 to R8 have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

9. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that the phenyl ring of general formula I is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

10. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that A represents a phenyl ring, which is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position, and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

11. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that A represents a phenyl ring, which is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position, the phenyl ring of general formula I is substituted once or twice in an ortho-position, and groups R1 to R8 have the meaning in accordance with claim 1.

12. Use according to claim 1 characterised in that at least one of the following compounds is present as the compound of general formula I: 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-phenethyl-2-(phenylpiperidine-1-yl-methyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-m-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(morpholine-4-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(piperidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-phenethylcyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(pyrrolidine-1-yl-o-tolylmethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chlorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-bromophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[(2-chloro4-fluorophenyl)dimethylaminomethyl]-1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(2-o-tolylethyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-[dimethylamino-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 2-(dimethylamino-o-tolylmethyl)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, 1-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride, or 2-[dimethylamino-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-1-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol or the corresponding hydrochloride.

13. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the preventative treatment of cerebrovascular attacks (strokes).

14. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of epilepsy.

15. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of neuro-degenerative diseases.

16. Use of at least one compound according to claim 15 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

17. Use of at least one compound according to claim 15 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Huntington's disease.

18. Use of at least one compound according to claim 15 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

19. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia.

20. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cerebral infarcts.

21. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of psychoses caused by raised amino acid level.

22. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cerebral oedema.

23. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of under-supply of the central nervous system.

24. Use according to claim 23 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of hypoxia.

25. Use according to claim 23 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of anoxia.

26. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of AIDS dementia.

27. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of encephalomyelitis.

28. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Tourette's syndrome.

29. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of perinatal asphyxia.

30. Use of at least one compound according to one of claims 1 to 12 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of tinnitus.

31. Use according to one of claims 1 to 30 characterised in that a mixture of enantiomers of at least one compound according to general formula I is used, whereby the enantiomers are not present in equimolar quantities.

32. Use according to claim 31 characterised in that one of the enantiomers has a relative proportion of 5 to 45 percent by mass of the enantiomer mixture.