Many electrically powered systems require much larger amounts of current at start up than during regular operation. For example, in factories where there are many machines the electrical service to the factory has to be designed to handle these startup spikes in electrical consumption. Additionally, many of these electricity demand spikes can hit electric utility providers at the same time requiring a much larger sized grid then what otherwise would be required during normal load.
Existing power management systems can provide stepped startup for systems that are interconnected in some manner. Many motor driven appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioners require much larger amounts of current at initial startup than is required for normal running operation. This higher initial current is referred to as Locked Rotor Amps (LRA) sometimes called Locked Rotor Current. LRA is typically three to eight times the continuous operating current which is referred to as Full Load Amps (FLA) or Running Load Amps (RLA). LRA typically lasts from slightly under one second to ten seconds, for example for large electric motors in factories. A data center may utilize multiple Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) systems. The sizing of a data center power system may be based on the sum of operating load balanced against the expected LRA load. Other example devices having higher startup current are two and one-half ton air conditioners designed to be run off of a 30 ampere service. Typical factory designs, however, do not take into consideration the collective electrical demand impact of initial startup of electrically driven systems. As a result, the electrical systems supporting the facility are designed either around the sum of maximum load being the startup load, or of the sum of the running load. In either arrangement there are inefficiencies with the service infrastructure being designed to be potentially larger than needed or smaller than needed. Additionally, these systems do not have any way to adjust demand based on the time varying costs of the electricity from the utility provider.
Utility providers such as natural gas and electricity, described as utility services, typically charge customers varying amounts based on the time of day. The amount charged at a given time of day is primarily as a mechanism of supply and demand. In this mechanism utility providers want to encourage their customers to use utility services when demand is low by lowering prices during those time periods. One way to take advantage of such pricing is simply to startup machines only during lower cost time periods, but this is not always practical. As a result, there exists the potential for a greater level of efficiency.
Claimed subject matter is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. However, such subject matter may be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanying drawings in which:
It will be appreciated that for simplicity and/or clarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, if considered appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding and/or analogous elements.
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of claimed subject matter. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that claimed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and/or circuits have not been described in detail.
In the following description and/or claims, the terms coupled and/or connected, along with their derivatives, may be used. In particular embodiments, connected may be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical and/or electrical contact with each other. Coupled may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical and/or electrical contact. However, coupled may also mean that two or more elements may not be in direct contact with each other, but yet may still cooperate and/or interact with each other. For example, “coupled” may mean that two or more elements do not contact each other but are indirectly joined together via another element or intermediate elements. Finally, the terms “on,” “overlying,” and “over” may be used in the following description and claims. “On,” “overlying,” and “over” may be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical contact with each other. However, “over” may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other. For example, “over” may mean that one element is above another element but not contact each other and may have another element or elements in between the two elements. Furthermore, the term “and/or” may mean “and”, it may mean “or”, it may mean “exclusive-or”, it may mean “one”, it may mean “some, but not all”, it may mean “neither”, and/or it may mean “both”, although the scope of claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect. In the following description and/or claims, the terms “comprise” and “include,” along with their derivatives, may be used and are intended as synonyms for each other.
Referring now to
In one or more embodiments, IOT device 112 monitors requests from machine 110 and passes those requests up to analytic engine 114. Analytic engine 114 may observe requests that are received from one or more machines 110 of analytic system 100 that are submitting requests, and based at least in part on knowledge of the requests analytic engine 114 may send an acknowledgment (ACK) back to IOT device 112 and/or machine 110. Such an acknowledgment may include a directive to either start machine 110 in response to the request, or to hold the startup of machine 110 for an indicated period of time. In some embodiments comprising larger scale implementations of analytic system 100, the requests from multiple machines 110 may be aggregated and controlled as a group, or passed on to utility provider 116. In such cases, utility provider 116 may analyze the request from the multiple machines that are submitting requests. Based at least in part on knowledge of the requests, utility provider 116 may reply with an appropriate acknowledgment back to analytic engine 114, or some cases the acknowledgement by utility provider 116 may be sent back downstream to the customer or user to IOT device 112 and/or to machine 110 via IOT device 112 indicating an appropriate startup time for machine 110, for example either immediately after receiving the acknowledgment, after a predetermined delay, or at an appropriate scheduled time. Such a bilateral feedback arrangement of requests and acknowledgements as shown in
In one or more embodiments analytic system 100 may collect requests for electric power including spikes or other usage characteristics that can be balanced against the needs of other machines to optimize the larger power distribution system. In one example embodiment, for the startup of machine 110, machine 110 makes a request to start. The request may include the start load which may be the number of amperes needed to startup, running load, duration and start time flexibility in time. The request is submitted to analytic engine 114, and analytic engine 114 determines when the request can be serviced through analysis of cost, historic load data, and/or real-time load data requests from the service area. Analytic engine 114 then sends information to machine 110 indicating to machine 110 when to start. In another example wherein utility provider 116 has excess power, utility provider 116, or some smaller provider of power, identifies that it has extra power. Utility provider 116 advertises to customers identified via analytics that a defined amount of power is available at a predetermined time. In such an arrangement, analytic system, 100 leverages predictive analytics to determine which customer would most likely accept the offer. In some embodiments, the number of offers may be controlled or limited so that analytic system 100 does not receive too many acceptances of the offer for power. In response to the offer for power, the identified customer may accept the offer for available power and use the extra power to operate one or more machines 110, for example to utilize the extra power to startup one or more machines 110 according to the startup load curves of the machines. An example startup load curve for machine 114 is shown in and described with respect to
Referring now to
For example, in one or more embodiments, analytic system 100 may be deployed in a utility provisioning system. IOT device 112 may be plugged into a power sensor coupled to machine 110 in line with the power line of machine. Alternatively, IOT device 112 itself may include a power sensor in which case IOT device 112 may be disposed directly in line with the power line of machine 110. Machine 110 may not be able to provide its startup load curve 210 to IOT device 112. Furthermore, even if a current or load rating of machine 110 is printed on the case of machine 110 or is otherwise published by the manufacturer of machine 110, such current or load ratings typically are static values and do not provide information regarding the startup load current over time as shown in graph 200. In some embodiments, IOT device 112 may run machine 110 through one or more cycles to collect information on machine 110. In other embodiments, IOT device 112 may continuously collect load usage information for machine 110 to allow for continuous refinement of load requirement of machine 110 and/or for the collective load requirements of multiple machines 110 to obtain a signature for each of the machines 110, for example a signature startup load curve plot 210 for one or more of the machines 110. The load data for the one or more machines 110 may be utilized by analytic engine 114 to provide start times to the machines 110 in an efficient manner while providing flexibility to allow for the operators of the facility to adjust the operating cycle, manufacturing pace, and so on of one or more machines 110 collectively. An example of an architecture to allow such control of one or more machines 110 is shown in and described with respect to
Referring now to
In one or more embodiments, architecture 300 may be arranged to provide analytics on the edge, analytics local but offloaded to a server, or analytics at utility provider 116 on a larger, more centralized scale such as a utility provider 116 for a whole city. Analytic engine 114 may connect to a communication link 320 to provide feedback to machine through IOT device 112 via network 316 and IOT gateway 314 indicating to machine 110 when to start or hold off a start for a period of time. In some embodiments, machine 110 may indicate that a start is requested at a specific time. Machine 110 may indicate whether the requested start time is mandatory and that it needs to startup immediately, or whether the requested startup time is discretionary in which case the startup time of machine 110 may be adjusted. Machine 110 may indicate a maximum delay time in which it is requested to startup, a start time and stop time window in which it is requesting to operate, and its load requirement which may be provided by machine 110 or may be obtained from stored historical data. IOT device 112 may monitor the base of a current spike at initiation of a load at startup wherein the base of the current spike may be identified to represent a trigger point that a request is forming in or otherwise being provided by machine 110. A utility provisioning system may comprise, for example, analytic engine 114 or a server on which analytic engine 114 is running. The utility provisioning system may be located at the factory or at utility provider 116 and may advertise that a window for startup for machine 110 is available. The utility provisioning system may indicate to machine 110 a start time and stop time window in which machine 110 may startup and operate, and further may indicate the load allowed by machine 110.
In some embodiments, architecture 300 may be applied to the context of managing large factory systems, for example factory systems comprising one or more machines 110 having electric motor driven systems. In addition, architecture 300 may be implemented across an entire utility service area including multiple suppliers and consumers. Application of architecture 300 may result in a factory being able to increase an effective electric service load maximum without adding any actual service. Such an arrangement may result in a significant capital saving in electric service equipment may allow for the avoidance of having to relocating a factory to a new site due to utility infrastructure limitations. It should be noted, however, that these are merely example implementation of architecture 300, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in these respects.
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In one or more embodiments, information handling system 600 may include an application processor 610 and a baseband processor 612. Application processor 610 may be utilized as a general-purpose processor to run applications and the various subsystems for information handling system 600. Application processor 610 may include a single core or alternatively may include multiple processing cores. One or more of the cores may comprise a digital signal processor or digital signal processing (DSP) core. Furthermore, application processor 610 may include a graphics processor or coprocessor disposed on the same chip, or alternatively a graphics processor coupled to application processor 610 may comprise a separate, discrete graphics chip. Application processor 610 may include on board memory such as cache memory, and further may be coupled to external memory devices such as synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) 614 for storing and/or executing applications during operation, and NAND flash 616 for storing applications and/or data even when information handling system 600 is powered off In one or more embodiments, instructions to operate or configure the information handling system 600 and/or any of its components or subsystems to operate in a manner as described herein may be stored on an article of manufacture comprising a non-transitory storage medium. In one or more embodiments, the storage medium may comprise any of the memory devices shown in and described herein, although the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect. Baseband processor 612 may control the broadband radio functions for information handling system 600. Baseband processor 612 may store code for controlling such broadband radio functions in a NOR flash 618. Baseband processor 612 controls a wireless wide area network (WWAN) transceiver 620 which is used for modulating and/or demodulating broadband network signals, for example for communicating via a 3GPP LTE or LTE-Advanced network or the like.
In general, WWAN transceiver 620 may operate according to any one or more of the following radio communication technologies and/or standards including but not limited to: a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) radio communication technology, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) radio communication technology, an Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) radio communication technology, and/or a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) radio communication technology, for example Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Freedom of Multimedia Access (FOMA), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3GPP Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE Advanced), Code division multiple access 2000 (CDMA2000), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), Mobitex, Third Generation (3G), Circuit Switched Data (CSD), High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data (HSCSD), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (Third Generation) (UMTS (3G)), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) (W-CDMA (UMTS)), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), High Speed Packet Access Plus (HSPA+), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System-Time-Division Duplex (UMTS-TDD), Time Division-Code Division Multiple Access (TD-CDMA), Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-CDMA), 3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 8 (Pre-4th Generation) (3GPP Rel. 8 (Pre-4G)), 3GPP Rel. 9 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 9), 3GPP Rel. 10 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 10), 3GPP Rel. 11 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 11), 3GPP Rel. 12 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 12), 3GPP Rel. 13 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 12), 3GPP Rel. 14 (3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 12), 3GPP LTE Extra, LTE Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA), UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution Advanced (4th Generation) (LTE Advanced (4G)), cdmaOne (2G), Code division multiple access 2000 (Third generation) (CDMA2000 (3G)), Evolution-Data Optimized or Evolution-Data Only (EV-DO), Advanced Mobile Phone System (1st Generation) (AMPS (1G)), Total Access Communication System/Extended Total Access Communication System (TACS/ETACS), Digital AMPS (2nd Generation) (D-AMPS (2G)), Push-to-talk (PTT), Mobile Telephone System (MTS), Improved Mobile Telephone System (IMTS), Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS), OLT (Norwegian for Offentlig Landmobil Telefoni, Public Land Mobile Telephony), MTD (Swedish abbreviation for Mobiltelefonisystem D, or Mobile telephony system D), Public Automated Land Mobile (Autotel/PALM), ARP (Finnish for Autoradiopuhelin, “car radio phone”), NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephony), High capacity version of NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) (Hicap), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), Mobitex, DataTAC, Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN), Personal Digital Cellular (PDC), Circuit Switched Data (CSD), Personal Handy-phone System (PHS), Wideband Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (WiDEN), iBurst, Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA), also referred to as also referred to as 3GPP Generic Access Network, or GAN standard), Zigbee, Bluetooth®, Wireless Gigabit Alliance (WiGig) standard, millimeter wave (mmWave) standards in general for wireless systems operating at 10-90 GHz and above such as WiGig, IEEE 802.11ad, IEEE 802.1 lay, and so on, and/or general telemetry transceivers, and in general any type of RF circuit or RFI sensitive circuit. It should be noted that such standards may evolve over time, and/or new standards may be promulgated, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect.
The WWAN transceiver 620 couples to one or more power amps 642 respectively coupled to one or more antennas 624 for sending and receiving radio-frequency signals via the WWAN broadband network. The baseband processor 612 also may control a wireless local area network (WLAN) transceiver 626 coupled to one or more suitable antennas 628 and which may be capable of communicating via a Wi-Fi, Bluetooth®, and/or an amplitude modulation (AM) or frequency modulation (FM) radio standard including an IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n standard or the like. It should be noted that these are merely example implementations for application processor 610 and baseband processor 612, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in these respects. For example, any one or more of SDRAM 614, NAND flash 616 and/or NOR flash 618 may comprise other types of memory technology such as magnetic memory, chalcogenide memory, phase change memory, or ovonic memory, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in this respect.
In one or more embodiments, application processor 610 may drive a display 630 for displaying various information or data, and may further receive touch input from a user via a touch screen 632 for example via a finger or a stylus. An ambient light sensor 634 may be utilized to detect an amount of ambient light in which information handling system 600 is operating, for example to control a brightness or contrast value for display 630 as a function of the intensity of ambient light detected by ambient light sensor 634. One or more cameras 636 may be utilized to capture images that are processed by application processor 610 and/or at least temporarily stored in NAND flash 616. Furthermore, application processor may couple to a gyroscope 638, accelerometer 640, magnetometer 642, audio coder/decoder (CODEC) 644, and/or global positioning system (GPS) controller 646 coupled to an appropriate GPS antenna 648, for detection of various environmental properties including location, movement, and/or orientation of information handling system 600. Alternatively, controller 646 may comprise a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) controller. Audio CODEC 644 may be coupled to one or more audio ports 650 to provide microphone input and speaker outputs either via internal devices and/or via external devices coupled to information handling system via the audio ports 650, for example via a headphone and microphone jack. In addition, application processor 610 may couple to one or more input/output (I/O) transceivers 652 to couple to one or more I/O ports 654 such as a universal serial bus (USB) port, a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port, a serial port, and so on. Furthermore, one or more of the I/O transceivers 652 may couple to one or more memory slots 656 for optional removable memory such as secure digital (SD) card or a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, although the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited in these respects.
Although the claimed subject matter has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it should be recognized that elements thereof may be altered by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and/or scope of claimed subject matter. It is believed that the subject matter pertaining utility provisioning with IOT analytics and many of its attendant utilities will be understood by the forgoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and/or arrangement of the components thereof without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the claimed subject matter or without sacrificing all of its material advantages, the form herein before described being merely an explanatory embodiment thereof, and/or further without providing substantial change thereto. It is the intention of the claims to encompass and/or include such changes.