Claims
- 1. A vaccine composition for inducing an immune response to a pathogen comprising a nucleic acid encoding an antigen eliciting an immune response to the pathogen encapsulated in a mucoadhesive controlled release particulate formulation.
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the formulation comprises a biodegradable polymer.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 further comprising a mucoadhesive polymer coating.
- 4. The composition of claim 1 further comprising an enteric outer coating or capsule.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 having a particulate diameter of less than five microns.
- 6. The composition of claim 2 formed by
lyophilizing a solution of a biodegradable polymer to form an open-celled polymeric foam of approximately 95% void volume, impregnating the foam with an aqueous solution of the nucleic acid, lyophilizing the foam to remove the water, and extruding the resulting matrix at ultrahigh pressures.
- 7. The composition of claim 2 wherein the method further comprises
cryogenically grinding the matrix to an average particle size of fifteen microns in diameter; and sieving to isolate particles less than five microns in diameter.
- 8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is a low molecular weight poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide).
- 9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pathogen is selected from the group consisting of malaria, tularemia, anthrax, and H. pylori.
- 10. The composition of claim 1 further comprising providing an adjuvant with the antigen.
- 11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the antigen is expressed or released for a period of weeks to months.
- 12. A porous particulate formulation comprising an antigen and having a mucoadhesive coating, wherein the formulation is suitable for administration orally or nasally.
- 13. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the antigen is selected from the group consisting of a malaria antigen, a tularemia antigen, an anthrax antigen, and a H. pylori antigen.
- 14. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the antigen is a peptide.
- 15. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the antigen is expressed from nucleic acid incorporated into the particulate formulation.
- 16. The formulation of claim 12 further comprising an adjuvant.
- 17. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the particulate has a mucoadhesive coating and a diameter of less than five microns.
- 18. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the formulation is enterically coated or encapsulated within an enteric capsule.
- 19. The formulation of claim 12 wherein the antigen is expressed or released for a period of weeks to months.
- 20. A method of inducing an immune response to a pathogen comprising administering to a patient by an oral or nasal route a vaccine composition comprising a nucleic acid encoding an antigen eliciting an immune response to the pathogen encapsulated in a mucoadhesive controlled release particulate formulation.
- 21. The method of claim 20 wherein a priming dose is administered before an immunizing dose is administered.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 60/393,777, filed Jul. 3, 2002, entitled “Vaccines To Induce Mucosal Immunity” to Wise et al.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60393777 |
Jul 2002 |
US |