Patent Application
20090032125
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a vacuum generating unit, which supplies a negative pressure to a working device such as a suction pad or the like, and more specifically, to a vacuum generating unit having a solenoid valve section therein capable of switching between supplying and cutting off supply of the negative pressure.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, a vacuum generating unit has been known, which is used, for example, as a workpiece transport mechanism or as a positioning mechanism. In such a vacuum generating unit, a suction mechanism such as a suction pad or the like is connected to the unit main body, whereby under the action of a negative pressure which is supplied from the unit main body, a workpiece can be attracted under suction by means of the suction mechanism. In addition, transportation of the workpiece is carried out, in which the workpiece is displaced while maintaining the suction state, and the workpiece is released at a predetermined location by canceling the suction state.
For example, in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-042134, a vacuum generating unit is disclosed in which a vacuum pump is utilized as a vacuum generating mechanism. In this vacuum generating unit, a vacuum generating valve is connected to the vacuum pump, and a vacuum-breaking valve is connected to a compressed air source, whereby airflows therefrom are controlled respectively. In addition, when the vacuum generating valve is switched from an OFF state to an ON state, a vacuum is generated in a vacuum port, while communication with atmosphere is cut off under a switching operation of an atmospheric pressure supply valve.
Further, the vacuum-generating device disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-224984 is equipped with a controller for ON/OFF control of the supply state of compressed air supplied from a supply port, and a vacuum generating section, which during an ON state, generates a vacuum by injecting, through a nozzle, the compressed air fed into a cylinder, passing the compressed air through a diffuser spool, and then discharging the compressed air from an exhaust port. Moreover, the diffuser spool is movably disposed in an axial direction inside the cylinder, such that, in the case that the supply of compressed air is turned OFF, the diffuser spool is moved, whereby the vacuum is capable of being broken via the exhaust port, an auxiliary pathway, and the diffuser spool.
However, in the conventional techniques according to Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-042134 and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-224984, in order to quickly release the held state of the workpiece by the vacuum pressure, a vacuum breakage valve for breaking the vacuum and an atmospheric pressure supply valve are provided separately, and together therewith, a structure is provided in which the atmospheric pressure supply valve is normally in an open state, and compressed air, which is supplied to the diffuser for generating the vacuum pressure, is utilized for switching to a valve closed state. Owing thereto, for example, in the case that the vacuum generating unit is utilized in a pump system or the like, in which vacuum pressure is supplied from the exterior, because the diffuser is not provided, the atmospheric pressure supply valve cannot be switched to a valve closed state.
Further, in this type of vacuum generating unit, because attraction under suction of the workpiece is performed, whereupon the supplied amount of compressed air is reduced when the workpiece is in a held state, communication with the atmosphere results through the atmospheric pressure supply valve, which is in a valve open state, and thus holding of the workpiece cannot be performed.
A general object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum generating unit, which is capable of maintaining a negative pressure when the workpiece is being held, by allowing the vacuum port to communicate with atmosphere only at a positive pressure time when the negative pressure state is released or canceled.
The present invention includes a main body, in which a supply port through which a pressure fluid is supplied, a vacuum port connected to a suction mechanism, and an exhaust port for exhausting, to the exterior, the pressure fluid supplied from the supply port are disposed;
a vacuum generating mechanism for generating a negative pressure under an action of the pressure fluid supplied from the supply port;
a switching valve section having a supply valve and a vacuum breakage valve for switching the pressure of a pressure fluid supplied to the vacuum port between a negative pressure state and a positive pressure state;
an atmospheric air introducing valve disposed between the vacuum port and the vacuum generating mechanism, and which is capable of switching the communication state between the vacuum port and the atmosphere,
wherein the atmospheric air introducing valve is placed in a valve closed state during a negative pressure state in which negative pressure is generated, and is placed in a valve open state during a positive pressure state in which the negative pressure state is released, whereby the vacuum port communicates with the atmosphere.
According to the present invention, an atmospheric air introducing valve is disposed between the vacuum port of the main body and the vacuum generating mechanism. The atmospheric air introducing valve is provided such that it is brought into a valve closed state during a negative pressure state in which negative pressure is generated by the vacuum generating mechanism, and is brought into a valve open state in a positive pressure state in which the negative pressure state is released. Owing thereto, at a negative pressure supply time when the negative pressure is generated, in a holding state where the workpiece is being held by the negative pressure, the atmospheric air introducing valve is brought into a valve closed state and the vacuum port is kept out of communication with the atmosphere, whereby the negative pressure state is appropriately maintained and the workpiece can be suitably and reliably held. In addition, in the case that the negative pressure state is switched to a positive pressure state, atmospheric air is supplied to the vacuum port through the atmospheric air introducing valve, which is placed in a valve open state, so that the held state of the workpiece is capable of being released in an appropriate manner.
The above and other objects features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown by way of illustrative example.
In
The vacuum generating unit 10, as shown in
The main body 12 has a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction (the direction of arrows A and B), wherein on a side surface of the main body 12, there are disposed a supply port 24 for supplying a pressure fluid (e.g., compressed air) to the ejector 14, a vacuum breakage port 26 separated a predetermined distance from the supply port 24 and through which a pressure fluid is supplied for breaking the vacuum state generated by the ejector 14, and a pilot port 28 that supplies pilot air with respect to the solenoid valve section 20 and the switching valve section 22. Further, a vacuum port 30, through which the negative pressure fluid generated by the ejector 14 is supplied, is formed on one end of the main body 12. A non-illustrated suction pad may be connected to the vacuum port 30 through a tube or the like.
Inside of the main body 12, there are provided a first supply passage 32 that extends from the supply port 24 to the ejector 14 (in the direction of the arrow C), a first vacuum breakage passage 34 that extends from the vacuum breakage port 26 to the ejector 14, and a first pilot passage 36 that extends from the pilot port 28 to the ejector 14. In addition, the first supply passage 32, the first vacuum breakage passage 34 and the first pilot passage 36 extend toward the switching valve section 22 (in the direction of the arrow C) while passing through the interior of a diffuser body 38 that constitutes the ejector 14.
Further, an atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is disposed in the main body 12 between the vacuum port 30 and the vacuum breakage port 26. The vacuum port 30 is opened to atmosphere under a switching operation of the atmospheric air introducing valve 40. The atmospheric air introducing valve 40 includes a valve body 44, which is displaceable along an axial direction (the direction of the arrow C) and is disposed in an installation hole 42 arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 12, a valve seat 46 disposed on an outer peripheral side of the valve body 44 and on which the valve body 44 is seated, and a spring 48, which urges the valve body 44 downwardly (in the direction of the arrow D). In addition, the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is brought into a valve closed state, in which the valve body 44 is pressed downwardly by an elastic force of the spring 48 and is seated on the valve seat 46.
On the other hand, on an upper portion of the main body 12, a filter unit 50 is provided on one end portion thereof that includes the vacuum port 30, a sub-body (main body part) 52 with the switching valve section 22 incorporated therein is provided on a substantially central portion of the main body 12, and the solenoid valve section 20 having the pilot supply valve 16 and the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 therein is disposed on the other end portion of the main body 12. Further, on the upper portion of the main body 12, an exhaust unit 54 is disposed between the sub-body 52 and the filter unit 50.
The filter unit 50 includes a bottomed cylindrical shaped casing 56 and a cylindrical shaped filter 58 disposed inside the casing 56. The filter unit 50 extends along a direction (the direction of the arrow C) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 12. A passage 60 through which a pressure fluid flows is disposed between an inner wall surface of the casing 56 and the filter 58. The pressure fluid that flows through the passage 60 flows toward the interior of the filter unit 50 through the filter 58. Owing thereto, for example, dust or the like contained within the fluid flowing in from the vacuum port 30 is suitably removed by passing through the filter 58, and the fluid flows to the interior of the main body 12 while passing through the inside of the filter 58.
The exhaust unit 54 is provided in parallel to and adjacent to the filter unit 50. The exhaust unit 54 is equipped with an adjustment needle 62 which is capable of adjusting the flow rate of the fluid that flows at a time when the vacuum is broken, and an exhaust port 64 communicating with the ejector 14, which discharges the pressure fluid that has flowed through the ejector 14 to the outside.
The adjustment needle 62 is disposed so as to be displaceable along the axial direction (the direction of the arrow C) of the exhaust unit 54. During times when the vacuum is broken, the flow passage through which the fluid flows is regulated by the adjustment needle 62, whereby the flow rate of the fluid is adjusted.
The solenoid valve section 20 is formed from the paired pilot supply valve 16 and pilot vacuum breakage valve 18, which are arranged in parallel. The pilot supply valve 16 and the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 are each connected electrically with respect to a controller (not shown). In addition, based on control signals from the unillustrated controller, solenoids of the pilot supply valve 16 and the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 are excited, whereby opening and closing operations of the valve bodies 16a, 18a therein are carried out.
Further, the pilot supply valve 16 and the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction (the direction of the arrows A and B) of the main body 12, and on one end side thereof facing the sub-body 52, valve bodies 16a, 18a are disposed displaceably, so as to be capable of switching the communication state of pilot air supplied from the pilot port 28.
The sub-body 52 is disposed on the upper portion of the main body 12 while the ejector 14 is sandwiched between the sub-body 52 and the main body 12, and first and second cylinder chambers 66, 68 that penetrate along the longitudinal direction thereof are formed in a central portion of the sub-body 52. Inside the first and second cylinder chambers 66, 68, a vacuum supply valve 69a and a vacuum breakage valve 69b, which make up the switching valve section 22, are displaceably disposed. The vacuum supply valve 69a is arranged in the first cylinder chamber 66 on the side of the solenoid valve section 20 (in the direction of the arrow A), whereas the vacuum breakage valve 69b is arranged in the second cylinder chamber 68 on the side of the exhaust unit 54 (in the direction of the arrow B). A vacuum supply valve switching piston chamber 71, to which pilot air is supplied, is disposed on the solenoid valve section 20 side of the vacuum supply valve 69a.
Further, manual switching valves 70a, 70b are provided respectively on both ends of the sub-body 52. The manual switching valves 70a, 70b are capable of manually switching the vacuum supply state and the vacuum breakage state, in place of the vacuum supply valve 69a and the vacuum breakage valve 69b being displaced under the supply of pilot air.
Furthermore, a bypass passage 72 penetrates through the sub-body 52 interconnecting the manual switching valves 70a, 70b. The bypass passage 72 communicates through the manual switching valve 70b with a vacuum breakage valve switching piston chamber 73 in which the vacuum breakage valve 69b is disposed, and also is connected to a branch passage 74, which branches off at a substantially central region toward the side of the ejector 14 (in the direction of the arrow D). Additionally, pilot air, the communication state of which has been switched by the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 of the solenoid valve section 20, flows to the vacuum breakage valve switching piston chamber 73 from the pilot port 28 through the bypass passage 72.
The branch passage 74 extends to the main body 12 passing through the diffuser body 38 of the ejector 14, and further extends to and communicates with the installation hole 42 of the atmospheric air introducing valve 40. In addition, pilot air that flows through the branch passage 74 is supplied to the installation hole 42, whereby the valve body 44 constituting the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is displaced upwardly (in the direction of the arrow C) in opposition to the elastic force of the spring 48. That is, the valve body 44 is placed in a valve open state in which the valve body 44 is separated from the valve seat 46 (refer to
On the other hand, a second supply passage 76, a second vacuum breakage passage 78, and a second pilot passage 80 are formed in a lower portion of the sub-body 52 so as to face toward the ejector 14. The second supply passage 76, the second vacuum breakage passage 78, and the second pilot passage 80 are arranged on a straight line with the first supply passage 32, the first vacuum breakage passage 34, and the first pilot passage 36 of the main body 12, respectively. More specifically, the second supply passage 76 communicates with the supply port 24 through the first supply passage 32, the second vacuum breakage passage 78 communicates with the vacuum breakage port 26 through the first vacuum breakage passage 34, and the second pilot passage 80 communicates with the pilot port 28 through the first pilot passage 36.
Furthermore, a first communication passage 82, which is separated a predetermined distance from the second supply passage 76 and is disposed on the side of the solenoid valve section 20 (in the direction of the arrow A), and a second communication passage 84, which is separated a predetermined distance from the second vacuum breakage passage 78 and is disposed on the side of the exhaust unit 54 (in the direction of the arrow B), are provided on the lower portion of the sub-body 52. In addition, a lower part of the first communication passage 82 communicates with the diffuser body 38 of the ejector 14, whereas a lower part of the second communication passage 84 is connected to and communicates with a third communication passage 86 formed in the main body 12.
The ejector 14 is disposed between the main body 12 and the sub-body 52, and includes the cylindrical shaped diffuser body 38 and a nozzle 88, which is disposed coaxially on an upstream side of the diffuser body 38.
The diffuser body 38 is fitted between the main body 12 and the sub-body 52, and a first passage 90, which penetrates along the axial direction, is formed in the interior of the diffuser body 38 on the exhaust unit 54 side (in the direction of the arrow B) thereof.
Further, a plurality of annular grooves, which are separated by predetermined distances along the axial direction, are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the diffuser body 38. The first supply passage 32, the first vacuum breakage passage 34, and the third communication passage 86 of the main body 12 communicate mutually through the annular grooves with the second supply passage 76, the second vacuum breakage passage 78, and the second communication passage 84 of the sub-body 52. The annular grooves and the first passage 90 are in a non-communicative state.
The nozzle 88 is fitted into the other end side of the diffuser body 38 on the side of the solenoid valve section 20 (in the direction of the arrow A), and the nozzle 88 is formed with a second passage 92 therein, which penetrates along the axial direction. The second passage 92 communicates with the first passage 90 through a diffuser chamber 94, which is formed inside the diffuser body 38. The first and second passages 90, 92 are formed with tapered shapes that gradually expand in diameter in the direction of the exhaust chamber 96, which is formed at the exhaust unit 54 side (in the direction of the arrow B) of the diffuser body 38.
More specifically, in the ejector 14, the supply chamber 98 to which the fluid is supplied, the second passage 92, the diffuser chamber 94, the first passage 90 and the exhaust chamber 96 are disposed coaxially from the upstream side (the direction of the arrow A) toward the downstream side (the direction of the arrow B) thereof. The fluid supplied to the supply chamber 98, after having passed through the second passage 92, the diffuser chamber 94, the first passage 90, and the exhaust chamber 96, flows through and is discharged by the exhaust port 64.
Further, the exhaust chamber 96 is disposed upwardly of the atmospheric air introducing valve 40. Moreover, a check valve can be arranged in the diffuser chamber 94, whereby a suction passage 106 is made to communicate with the diffuser chamber 94 when a vacuum is generated, whereas when the vacuum is stopped, communication between the diffuser chamber 94 and the suction passage 106 is blocked.
The switching valve section 22 is disposed in the first and second cylinder chambers 66, 68 formed in the sub-body 52. The vacuum supply valve 69a and the vacuum breakage valve 69b are each formed respectively with shaft-like shapes. More specifically, the vacuum supply valve 69a and the vacuum breakage valve 69b making up the switching valve section 22 are disposed on the same axis, and are displaced integrally when the vacuum breakage valve 69b is displaced in the direction of the arrow A inside the first and second cylinder chambers 66, 68.
Further, at the connecting portion of the vacuum supply valve 69a and the vacuum breakage valve 69b, a restoring spring (not shown) may be arranged, which causes the vacuum supply valve 69a to be returned on its own.
The vacuum supply valve 69a is arranged so as to face the first communication passage 82 and the second supply passage 76, and a ring body 100a formed from an elastic material is installed on an outer peripheral surface thereof.
Additionally, upon displacement of the vacuum supply valve 69a, by seating of the ring body 100a on the valve seat 102a, the state of communication between the first communication passage 82 and the second supply passage 76 through the first cylinder chamber 66 is blocked (see
Further, the vacuum supply valve 69a is pressed toward the side of the vacuum breakage valve 69b (in the direction of the arrow B) by the pilot air which is supplied by operating the pilot supply valve 16, thereby resulting in a valve open state, in which the ring body 100a is separated away from the valve seat 102a (see
The vacuum breakage valve 69b is arranged so as to face the second communication passage 84 and the second vacuum breakage passage 78, and a ring body 100b formed from an elastic material is installed on an outer peripheral surface thereof. Additionally, upon displacement of the vacuum breakage valve 69b, by seating of the ring body 100b on the valve seat 102b, the state of communication between the second communication passage 84 and the second vacuum breakage passage 78 through the second cylinder chamber 68 is blocked (see
Further, a spring 104 is installed between the sub-body 52 and the vacuum breakage valve 69b, whereby under the elastic restorative force of the spring 104, the vacuum breakage valve 69b is displaced in a direction (the direction of the arrow B) to separate away from the vacuum supply valve 69a, thus resulting in a valve closed state in which the ring body 100b is displaced toward and seated on the valve seat 102b (see
Furthermore, by means of the pilot air supplied to the vacuum breakage valve switching piston chamber 73 through the bypass passage 72 of the sub-body 52, the vacuum breakage valve 69b is pressed toward the side of the vacuum supply valve 69a (in the direction of the arrow A), resulting in a valve open state in which the ring body 100b separates from the valve seat 102b by being displaced in opposition to the elastic force of the spring 104 (see
The vacuum generating unit 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is basically constructed as described above. Next, operations and effects of the vacuum generating unit 10 shall be explained.
In the case of transporting an unillustrated workpiece, a control signal is output to the pilot supply valve 16 through a controller (not shown), whereupon the valve body 16a of the pilot supply valve 16 is moved to result in a valve open state. Owing thereto, as shown in
In addition, the pressure fluid flows in succession from the supply chamber 98 of the ejector 14, the second passage 92 of the nozzle 88, and to the first passage 90 of the diffuser body 38, thereby generating a negative pressure. At this time, because the ejector 14 communicates with the vacuum port 30 through the suction passage 106 formed inside the main body 12, under action of the negative pressure generated inside the ejector 14, the outside air is sucked inwardly through the vacuum port 30. The outside air, after having passed through the filter 58 from inside the casing 56 of the filter unit 50, flows toward the ejector 14. As a result, a negative pressure fluid is supplied to a suction pad (not shown), which is connected to the vacuum port 30, and a workpiece can be attracted under suction to the suction pad. The pressure fluid that has passed through the first passage 90 in the ejector 14 passes through the exhaust chamber 96 and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 64.
An explanation shall now be made, for example, of a case in which, after the workpiece has been transported to a predetermined location through an unillustrated robot or the like while the attracted state of the workpiece by the suction pad is maintained, supply of the negative pressure fluid to the suction pad is released, whereupon the workpiece is made to separate away (i.e., become detached) from the suction pad at the predetermined location.
A stop signal is output with respect to the pilot supply valve 16 from the unillustrated controller, whereupon operation of the pilot supply valve 16 is halted and supply of pilot air to the vacuum supply valve switching piston chamber 71 is terminated. On the other hand, a control signal is output with respect to the pilot vacuum breakage valve 18 and the valve body 18a is operated on, resulting in a valve open state, whereupon the flow state of the pilot air supplied from the pilot port 28 is switched, and the pilot air flows to the bypass passage 72.
The pilot air passes through the bypass passage 72 and is supplied to the vacuum breakage valve switching piston chamber 73, whereupon the vacuum breakage valve 69b is displaced toward the side of the vacuum supply valve 69a (in the direction of the arrow A) in opposition to the elastic force of the spring 104. Owing thereto, the ring body 100b making up the vacuum breakage valve 69b separates from the valve seat 102b and the second vacuum breakage passage 78 and the second communication passage 84 are placed in a state of communication (see
On the other hand, a portion of the pilot air that was supplied to the bypass passage 72 branches into the branch passage 74 and flows to the side of the ejector 14, whereupon the pilot air is introduced to the cylinder chamber 108 disposed on the lower side of the atmospheric air introducing valve 40. Owing thereto, the valve body 44 constituting the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is displaced upwardly (in the direction of the arrow C) in opposition to the elastic force of the spring 48, resulting in a valve open state in which the valve body 44 is separated from the valve seat 46 (see
More specifically, supply of the negative pressure fluid to the vacuum port 30 is halted, and at a time of vacuum breakage, which enables the attracted state of the workpiece to be released, the fluid supplied from the vacuum breakage port 26 is supplied to the vacuum port 30, and the outside air introduced from the exhaust port 64 is supplied to the vacuum port 30 under a switching action of the atmospheric air introducing valve 40.
Additionally, the fluid and the outside air are supplied to the unillustrated suction pad (not shown) through the vacuum port 30, whereby the attracted state of the workpiece by the suction pad is released.
In the foregoing manner, with the present embodiment, the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 disposed in the main body 12 is normally kept in a valve closed state under the elastic force of the spring 48, and a valve open state, in which the valve body 44 is displaced by supplying pilot air thereto, can be provided only when the vacuum is broken. That is, because the pilot pressure can be utilized when the vacuum breakage valve 69b is driven and breakage of the vacuum is carried out, the vacuum breakage valve 69b is not coupled to or interlocked with operation of the ejector 14. As a result, the invention can be applied to a vacuum pump system in which vacuum pressure is supplied externally and which is not equipped with the ejector 14. Compared to a case in which a vacuum generating unit 10 equipped with the ejector 14 and a vacuum generating unit that is not equipped with an ejector are set up separately and used respectively for different situations, equipment costs can be suppressed.
Further, because the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is brought into a valve closed state under a condition in which vacuum generation is halted, by arranging a restoring spring that restores the vacuum supply valve 69a and providing a check valve in the diffuser chamber 94, even in the case of a non-excited state, maintenance of the vacuum can reliably be carried out, and because the exhaust air is not consumed, energy savings can be realized. That is, the atmospheric air introducing valve 40 is brought into a valve open state and an atmospherically opened state only at a time when the vacuum is broken. As a result, a held state of a workpiece by the suction pad (not shown) connected to the vacuum port 30 is suitably maintained by arranging the check valve.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007-201149 | Aug 2007 | JP | national |
