Patent Grant
11092171
The present disclosure relates generally to a hydraulic control system on a machine, such as construction equipment, and, more particularly, to a hydraulic control system having a valve assembly with mechanical and electro-hydraulic control.
Earthmoving machines such as motor graders and wheel loaders include many hand-operated mechanical controls to perform functions such positioning an implement or a blade in several orientations, articulating the frame of the machine, and adjusting other machine settings. In many of these earthmoving machines, hydraulic systems and hydraulic actuators are used to perform the desired function, such as change the position of an implement. The hand-operated mechanical control may, for example, be a mechanical lever that opens a mechanical valve to route hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic actuator.
In some instances, it may be desirable to automate the mechanical control of certain functions. To do so, it is known to provide an electrically-controlled valve in parallel with the mechanical valve that can be automated to operate independently of the mechanical valve to route hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic actuator. The additional valves, wiring, controllers, and hydraulic lines needed make automating the mechanical control systems in this manner is costly and complex.
Chinese Utility Model CN203145084U describes an anti-electric shock safety system for an excavator. The system includes a main hydraulic pump, a pilot hydraulic pump, an oil drive solenoid valve the receives the pilot hydraulic pump output, a controller, and an electricity warning device mounted near the end of the excavator stick for detecting the presence of a strong electric cable. If the warning device detects the presence of a strong electric cable, the warning device sends a signal to the controller and the controller actuates the solenoid to immediately cut off the output from the oil drive solenoid valve, which stops the excavator from operating.
One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a hydraulic valve assembly including a main control valve having a valve body housing a valve member that is movable between a first valve position and a second valve position. The hydraulic valve assembly further includes a mechanical interface operatively coupled to the movable valve member to manually move the movable valve member between the first valve position and the second valve position and one or more electro-hydraulic actuators operatively coupled to the movable valve member to automatically move the movable valve member between the first valve position and the second valve position in response to receiving a control signal from a controller.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a hydraulic system for a machine. The system includes a hydraulic pump, a main control valve configured to receive high pressure hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump and route the high pressure hydraulic fluid to one of a hydraulic actuator, a hydraulic cylinder, or a hydraulic motor. The main control valve includes a valve body and a valve member movable within the valve body between a first valve position and a second valve position, a mechanical interface operatively coupled to the movable valve member to manually move the movable valve member between the first valve position and the second valve position, and one or more electro-hydraulic actuators operatively coupled to the movable valve member to automatically move the movable valve member between the first valve position and the second valve position in response to a control signal. A controller is communicatively coupled to the one or more electro-hydraulic actuators and is configured to selectively send the control signal to the one or more electro-hydraulic actuators.
Yet another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method of controlling a hydraulic control valve having a movable valve member. The method includes operatively coupling a mechanical interface to a movable valve member, fluidly coupling a pilot hydraulic valve with the valve member, operatively coupling an electric drive solenoid to the pilot hydraulic valve, and moving the movable valve member from a first valve position to a second valve position by one of manually moving the mechanical interface from a first interface position to a second interface position or by actuating the electric drive solenoid to open the pilot hydraulic valve to direct pressurized hydraulic fluid to act on the movable valve member.
Other features and aspects of this disclosure will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments using the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
Referring to the drawings,
The machine 10 may include a power source 12, a linkage arrangement 14 driven by the power source 12, and an operator station 16 situated for control of the power source 12 and/or the linkage arrangement 14. The power source 12 is used to drive and/or power the machine 10. The power source 12 may embody an engine such as, for example, a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, a gaseous fuel-powered engine or any other type of combustion engine known in the art. It is contemplated that the power source 12 may alternatively embody a non-combustion source of power such as a fuel cell, a power storage device, or another source known in the art. The power source 12 may produce a mechanical or electrical power output that may then be converted to hydraulic pneumatic power for moving the linkage arrangement 14.
The machine 10 includes a front frame 20, a rear frame 22, and a blade 24 having a top portion 25 and a cutting edge 26. The front frame 20 and the rear frame 22 are supported above a ground surface 27 by a plurality of tires 28. The operator station 16, which is mounted on the front frame 20, includes various controls used to operate the machine 10, including a steering wheel 30 and a plurality of hand controls 32, such as levers. The power source 12 is mounted on the rear frame 22. The blade 24, sometimes referred to as a moldboard, is used to move earth and is mounted on a linkage arrangement 14.
The linkage arrangement 14 allows the blade 24 to be moved to a variety of different positions with respect to the machine 10. The linkage arrangement 14 includes a drawbar 34 pivotally mounted to the front frame 20 via a ball joint. The position of the drawbar 34 is controlled by three hydraulic cylinders. In particular, a right lift cylinder 38, a left lift cylinder (not shown), and a center shift cylinder 42. A coupling 44, connects the right lift cylinder 38, a left lift cylinder (not shown), and a center shift cylinder 42 to the front frame 20. The coupling 44 can be moved during blade repositioning but is fixed stationary during earthmoving operations. The height of the blade 24 with respect to the ground surface 27 below the machine 10 is controlled primarily with the right lift cylinder 38 and the left lift cylinder (not shown). Each of the right lift cylinder 38 and the left lift cylinder (now shown) functions to raise and lower the associated end of the blade 24. Thus, the right lift cylinder 38 raises and lowers the right end of blade 24 and the left lift cylinder (now shown) raises and lowers the left end of blade 24. The center shift cylinder 42 moves the drawbar 34 from side to side relative to the front frame 20.
The linkage arrangement 14 includes a circle gear 48 and a hydraulic motor drive 50 configured to rotate the circle gear 48. Rotation of the circle gear 48 pivots the blade 24 about an axis A fixed to the drawbar 34. The blade 24 is mounted to a hinge (not shown) on the circle gear 48 with a bracket (not shown). A hydraulic blade tip cylinder 46 is used to pitch the bracket forward or rearward and thus pitch the top portion 25 of the blade 24 forward and rearward relative to the cutting edge 26. The blade 24 is mounted to a sliding joint in the bracket allowing the blade 24 to be slid or shifted from side to side with respect to the bracket.
The main hydraulic valve 62 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any suitable valve capable of being controlled, both manually and automatically, to selectively route hydraulic fluid to a component, system, implement, or the like of the machine 10 may be used. For example, in the illustrated embodiment of
The hydraulic portion of the control system 60 provides both high hydraulic pressure and low pilot pressure. High hydraulic pressure is provided by one or more hydraulic pumps 66 that are in fluid communication with a reservoir 67 or other source of hydraulic fluid. The one or more hydraulic pumps 66 may be driven by the power source 12 of the machine 10. Any suitable type of hydraulic pumps 66 may be used that are capable of providing the desired high hydraulic pressure and volume. Low pilot pressure is provided by a hydraulic pressure reducing valve 68 that receives high hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 66 and reduces the pressure to a desired pressure for use as pilot hydraulic pressure. Alternatively, one or more low-pressure hydraulic pumps may be used to provide low pilot pressure.
The main hydraulic valve 62 receives high hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pump 66 and selectively routes the high hydraulic pressure to one or more hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70, such as for example, the lift cylinders 38 and the hydraulic motor drive 50 or back to the reservoir 67. The hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70 receive the high hydraulic pressure from the main hydraulic valve 62 and produce mechanical force to move a portion of the machine or an implement 72, such as for example, the front frame 20 of the machine 10, the linkage arrangement 14, and the blade 24 or other implements.
The main hydraulic valve 62 can be both manually controlled and automatically controlled. For manual control, the main hydraulic valve 62 is configured to be actuated by a mechanical interface 74, such as a handle, lever, foot pedal, or other suitable hand or foot control. The mechanical interface 74 is operatively coupled to the movable valve member 64 to change the position of the movable valve member 64 in order to selectively route hydraulic fluid to the one or more hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70 or back to the reservoir 67. The mechanical interface 74 may be operatively coupled to the movable valve member 64 in any suitable way known in the art. For example, the mechanical interface 74 may be mechanically linked to the movable valve member 64.
For automatic control, the control system 60 includes a controller 76 electrically connected to the one or more electro-hydraulic actuators 63. The controller 76 can be any suitable processing device. The controller 76 may be part of the electro-hydraulic control system 60 adapted to monitor various operating parameters and to regulate various variables and functions affecting the operation of the machine. Alternatively, the controller 76 may be a specialized controller, separate from the electro-hydraulic control system 60. The controller 76 can be general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microcontroller, but in the alternative, the controller 76 may be any processor, controller, microprocessor, or state machine. A controller may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microcontroller, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microcontrollers in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. The controller 76 can include functions, steps, routines, data tables, data maps, charts and the like saved in and executed from any type of computer-readable medium, such as a memory device (e.g., random access, flash memory, and the like), an optical medium (e.g., a CD, DVD, BluRay®, and the like), firmware (e.g., an EPROM), or any other storage medium.
The one or more of the hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70 and/or one or more of the machine portion or implement 72 may include electronic position sensors 80. The electronic position sensors 80 transmit information regarding the position of its respective hydraulic actuator, cylinder, or motor 70, or a machine portion or an implement 72 to the controller 76. In this manner, the controller 76 can, for example, determine the current angle of the blade 24 of the machine 10 and change the position the blade 24.
Each of the one or more electro-hydraulic actuators 63 may include an electrical drive solenoid 82 and a pilot hydraulic valve 84. The solenoid 82 receives control signals from the controller 76 and produces a controlled mechanical movement of the armature (not shown) of one or more of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63. The pilot hydraulic valve 84 receives both the controlled mechanical movement of the armature (not shown) of the electro-hydraulic actuator 63 and low pilot pressure from the hydraulic pressure reducing valve 68 and routes controlled pilot hydraulic pressure to the main hydraulic valve 62 or back to the reservoir 67. The pilot hydraulic pressure is routed to the main hydraulic valve 62 to act upon the movable valve member 64 to change position of the movable valve member 64 in order to selectively route hydraulic fluid to the one or more hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70.
The valve body 90 includes a high-pressure inlet port 95 in fluid communication with the cavity 92 via a first high-pressure inlet passage 96. A dump passage 98 fluidly connects the first high-pressure inlet passage 96 to the reservoir 67. The valve body 90 also includes a first high-pressure outlet port 100 in fluid communication with the cavity 92 via a first high-pressure outlet passage 102 and a second high-pressure outlet port 104 in fluid communication with the cavity 92 via a second high-pressure outlet passage 108.
The valve body 90 further includes a first pilot pressure inlet port 110 and a second pilot pressure inlet port 112. In the illustrated embodiment, the first pilot pressure inlet port 110 is positioned opposite the second pilot pressure inlet port 112 on the valve body 90. In other embodiments, however, the first pilot pressure inlet port 110 may not be opposite the second pilot pressure inlet port 112.
In the illustrated embodiment, the one or more electro-hydraulic actuators 63 are a pair of electro-hydraulic actuators 63. Other embodiments, however, may include more or less than two electro-hydraulic actuators 63. Each of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 is fixably connected to the valve body 90. For the purposes of this disclosure the phrase fixedly connected may include bolted to, integrally formed with, or otherwise rigidly adjoined to. In other embodiments, however, each of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 may be separate from and fluidly connected the valve body 90.
In the illustrated embodiment, the valve body 90 includes a first actuator mounting surface 114 adapted to mount one of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 onto the valve body 90 such that the pilot hydraulic valve 84 on the one electro-hydraulic actuator 63 is in fluid communication with the first pilot pressure inlet port 110. Similarly, the valve body 90 includes a second actuator mounting surface 116 adapted to mount the other electro-hydraulic actuator 63 onto the valve body 90 such that the pilot hydraulic valve 84 on the other electro-hydraulic actuator 63 is in fluid communication with the second pilot pressure inlet port 112.
The first pilot pressure inlet port 110 is in fluid communication with the cavity 92 via a first pilot pressure passage 120. The valve member 64 includes a first engagement surface 122 facing toward the first side 93 of the valve body 90. The first engagement surface 122 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any surface that the pilot pressure can act on to move the valve member 64 axially toward the second side 94 may be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the first engagement surface 122 is an annular shoulder on the valve member 64 adjacent to or near the first side 93. The first pilot pressure passage 120 is configured to direct pilot pressure to the first engagement surface 122 to act thereon.
The second pilot pressure inlet port 112 is in fluid communication with the cavity 92 via a second pilot pressure passage 124. The valve member 64 includes a second engagement surface 126 facing the second side 94 of the valve body 90. The second engagement surface 126 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any surface that the pilot pressure can act on to move the valve member 64 axially toward the first side 93 may be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the second engagement surface 126 is an annular shoulder on the valve member 64 adjacent to or near the second side 94. The second pilot pressure passage 124 is configured to direct pilot pressure to the second engagement surface 126 to act thereon.
The presently disclosed electro-hydraulic control system 60 may be applicable to a variety of applications, including machines, such as excavators, backhoes, loaders, and motor graders. For example, a motor grader may include a variety of hydraulic actuators, cylinders, and motors 70 that receive high hydraulic pressure to produce mechanical force to move a portion of the machine or an implement 72. The disclosed electro-hydraulic control system 60 includes the hydraulic valve assembly 61 configured for both manual control and automatic control. In the disclosed embodiment, the main hydraulic valve 62 is configured to be actuated both by a mechanical interface 74 and by hydraulic pilot pressure, thus providing operational flexibility with minimal or no additional valves, wiring, controllers, and hydraulic lines.
For the exemplary embodiment, in operation, the main hydraulic valve 62 is switchable between a first state, a second state, and a third state. In the first state, high-pressure hydraulic fluid is routed through the first high-pressure outlet passage 102 to the first high-pressure outlet port 100 while the second high-pressure outlet passage 108 and the dump passage 98 are blocked. In the second state, high pressure hydraulic fluid is routed through the dump passage 98 back to the reservoir 67 while the first high-pressure outlet passage 102 and the second high-pressure outlet passage 108 are blocked. In the third state, high pressure hydraulic fluid is routed through the second high-pressure outlet passage 108 to the second high-pressure outlet port 104 while the first high-pressure outlet passage 102 and the dump passage 98 are blocked. To switch between the first state, the second state, and the third state, the valve member 64 is moved between a first valve position, a second valve position, and a third valve position, respectively. In the illustrative embodiment, the valve member 64 is in the first valve position when it is closest to the first side 93, the valve member 64 is in the third valve position when it is closest to the second side 94, and the valve member 64 is in the second valve position when it is in a centrally located between the first valve position and the third valve position. Other arrangements, however, are also possible.
As indicated above, the mechanical interface 74 is mechanically linked to the movable valve member 64 to change the position of the movable valve member 64. Referring to
For pilot control of the main hydraulic valve 62, one of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 is mounted to the first actuator mounting surface 114 of the valve body 90 such that the pilot hydraulic valve 84, when opened, may route low pilot pressure hydraulic fluid into the first pilot pressure passage 120. The electrical drive solenoid 82 is operatively coupled to the pilot hydraulic valve 84 to selectively open and close the pilot hydraulic valve 84.
Similarly, a second of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 is mounted to the second actuator mounting surface 116 of the valve body 90 such that the pilot hydraulic valve 84 of the second of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63, when opened, may route low pilot pressure hydraulic fluid into the second pilot pressure passage 124. The electrical drive solenoid 82 of the second of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 is operatively coupled to the corresponding pilot hydraulic valve 84 to selectively open and close the pilot hydraulic valve 84.
Each of the electrical drive solenoids 82 is communicatively coupled to the controller 76 such that the controller 76 may send a signal to selectively energize the electrical drive solenoid 82 to actuate the pilot hydraulic valve 84 of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63. The controller 76 may be configured to actuate the electrical drive solenoid 82 in response to a variety of factors. In one embodiment, the controller 76 may actuate the solenoid in response to receiving a signal from the one or more of the electronic position sensors 80. For example, the hydraulic valve assembly 61 may control high pressure hydraulic pressure to the right lift cylinder 38 to raise and lower the right end of blade 24. The first high-pressure outlet port 100 may be fluidly coupled to the right lift cylinder 38 to extend the cylinder and the second high-pressure outlet port 104 may be fluidly coupled to the right lift cylinder 38 to retract the cylinder. The controller 76 may receive a signal from an electronic position sensor 80 associated with the right lift cylinder 38 or with the blade 24 that is indicative of the position of the blade 24. The controller 76 may then, based on functions, steps, routines, data tables, data maps, charts and the like saved in any type of computer-readable medium, actuate one of the electro-hydraulic actuators 63 to open one of the pilot hydraulic valve 84 to route pilot pressure hydraulic fluid to move the valve member 64. Movement of the valve member 64 results in the main hydraulic valve 62 routing high pressure hydraulic fluid to the right lift cylinder 38 to extend or retract the cylinder.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the hydraulic system and hydraulic valve assembly of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the hydraulic valve assembly disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims and their equivalent.
It will be appreciated that the foregoing description provides examples of the disclosed system and technique. However, it is contemplated that other implementations of the disclosure may differ in detail from the foregoing examples. All references to the disclosure or examples thereof are intended to reference the particular example being discussed at that point and are not intended to imply any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure more generally. All language of distinction and disparagement with respect to certain features is intended to indicate a lack of preference for those features, but not to exclude such from the scope of the disclosure entirely unless otherwise indicated.
Element Number Element Name
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3434390 | Weiss | Mar 1969 | A |
| 4011891 | Knutson | Mar 1977 | A |
| 4274443 | Faix | Jun 1981 | A |
| 4627468 | Wilke | Dec 1986 | A |
| 6041673 | Schmillen | Mar 2000 | A |
| 7062832 | Yo | Jun 2006 | B2 |
| 7980269 | Fry | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 10202987 | Strobel | Feb 2019 | B2 |
| 10323659 | Slattery | Jun 2019 | B2 |
| 20150020905 | Strobel | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 103062440 | Apr 2013 | CN |
| 203145084 | Aug 2013 | CN |
| 101769275 | Jun 2014 | CN |
| 106149792 | Nov 2016 | CN |
| 2002250303 | Sep 2002 | JP |
| 101155705 | Jun 2012 | KR |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200190771 A1 | Jun 2020 | US |
