Patent Grant
12084943
The present disclosure relates to a valve device that may be used, for example, to vent fluid from a well annulus or to inject fluid into a well annulus via a wellhead or valve tree port. The present disclosure also relates to a method for arranging, removing or replacing a valve in a port of a wellhead.
In petroleum wells, it is common to have arrangements for injection or venting of fluids from annuli or other pipes in the completion, such as an annulus between the well casing and a tubing string arranged in the casing. This is conventionally carried out through conduits arranged in the wellhead or valve tree (Xmas tree), with valve devices arranged therein to control fluid flow.
From a safety aspect there is a preference and a requirement for a double barrier philosophy in a well design and operations. For example, UK Patent Application GB 2 351 103 A shows an annulus valve assembly for hydrocarbon wells comprising a passage extending through a side wall of a wellhead and first and second valves positioned to open or close the passage. Other documents which can be useful for understanding the background include WO 2015/162241 A1, US 2015/376977 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,504 A, WO 2009/102214, WO 2011/093717 and WO 2011/098602.
From time to time, such valve devices may become worn or damaged, or need to be replaced for other reasons. There is therefore a need in the industry for valve devices which allow as uncomplicated and safe removal or replacement of such valve devices (or parts thereof) as possible. It is also desirable that such valve devices be compact and lightweight, while at the same time being structurally strong and resistant to damage, for example from debris or impacts from other equipment during operations on the wellhead or valve tree.
The present disclosure has the objective to provide a valve device which provides advantages over known solutions and techniques with regards to the above mentioned or other aspects.
In an embodiment, there is provided a valve device having a valve comprising first connection elements configured for sealingly and removably mounting of the valve in a port of a wellhead of a hydrocarbon well, a spool unit having a through-channel extending between a first end and a second end of the spool unit, second connection elements arranged in the through-channel, and a flange, the flange configured for sealingly mounting the spool unit to the wellhead, aligning the through-channel with the port, and a plug comprising third connection elements configured for sealingly and removably engaging the second connection elements and attach the plug in the through-channel
In an embodiment, the valve device comprises a blind flange removably mounted to the second end such as to cover an end opening of the through-channel.
In an embodiment, the valve comprises a tool engagement element configured for cooperation with a placement and removal tool, and/or the plug comprises a tool engagement element configured for co-operation with a placement and removal tool.
In an embodiment, the flange comprises a first conduit extending through a side wall of the valve device and into the through-channel.
In an embodiment, the through-channel has a first through-channel portion and a second through-channel portion, the first through-channel portion configured to accommodate a part of the valve and the second through-channel portion configured to accommodate the plug.
In an embodiment, the first through-channel portion has a smaller cross section area than the second through-channel portion.
In an embodiment, the cross section area of the second through-channel portion is sufficiently large to allow the valve to pass therethrough.
In an embodiment, the valve device further comprises an annular shoulder arranged between the first through-channel portion and the second through-channel portion.
In an embodiment, the annular shoulder is arranged to co-operate with the plug for providing a metal-to-metal seal between the through-channel and the plug.
In an embodiment, the spool unit comprises a second conduit extending through a side wall of the valve device and into the through-channel and opening into the through-channel between the first through-channel portion and the second through-channel portion.
In an embodiment, the valve device comprises a third conduit extending through a side wall of the valve device and into the through-channel and opening into the through-channel in the first through-channel portion, the third conduit being configured to cooperate with an actuator port of the valve.
In an embodiment, the third conduit is configured to transmit a hydraulic control fluid to the valve.
In an embodiment, the valve is electrically actuated and the third conduit is configured to contain an electric supply line arranged for actuation of the valve.
In an embodiment, there is provided a wellhead for a hydrocarbon well, having a valve device according to any of the above embodiments mounted thereon.
In an embodiment, there is provided a method for removing or replacing a valve located in a port of a wellhead having a valve device according to any one of the preceding claims mounted thereon, the method comprising:
In an embodiment, the method comprises:
In an embodiment, at least one of the steps of operating the arm to mount the valve or the replacement valve inside the port or operating the arm to mount the plug or the new plug inside the spool unit comprises rotating the arm about a longitudinal axis of the tool.
In an embodiment, at least one of the steps of operating the arm to disengage the plug from the spool unit or operating the arm to disengage the valve from the port comprises rotating the arm about a longitudinal axis of the tool.
In an embodiment, the method comprises removing the blind flange from the second end, and/or reattaching the blind flange to the second end.
In an embodiment, there is provided a method for arranging a valve in a port of a wellhead having a valve device, the method comprising:
In an embodiment, the valve comprises first and second sections connected to each other by threaded parts, wherein the method comprises the step of: inserting the arm into the spool unit, operating the arm to disengage the first section from the second section, and withdrawing the arm and the first section out of the spool unit.
In an embodiment, the valve comprises first and second sections connected to each other by threaded parts, wherein the method comprises the step of: inserting the arm into the spool unit, operating the arm to mount the first section onto the second section, and withdrawing the arm out of the spool unit.
In an embodiment, the valve is a dummy valve.
Illustrative embodiments will now be described with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
Ports or channels are arranged in the wellhead 801 to allow access from outside the wellhead 801 to one or more of the annuli A, B, C, for injection of fluids into an annulus or a production pipe, for example for gas lift or chemical injection purposes, or in order to bleed off fluids, for example in the case of a pressure build-up in the annulus. Valves will typically be installed in the ports or channels in the wellhead structure for this purpose. Such valves may be arranged to be actively be opened by applying hydraulic pressure or actively closed by a pre-tensioned elastic element, such as a spring, when no hydraulic force is present. In the closed position the valve will act as a fail safe closed barrier, even if e.g. hydraulic supply lines should be damaged.
The first section 2, which is arranged within spool unit 102 (see
The first section 2 further comprises an opening 11, connecting the internal bore 12 with an chamber 14 formed between the outer housing and the internal body and the stop surface 10 of the outer housing and a stop surface 13 formed in the outer wall of the internal body 5, limiting the movement of the internal body 5 relative the outer housing in the open state of the valve. In this chamber 14 an elastic element, such as a spring, may be arranged, where the elastic element will secure that the internal movable body 5 is pushed back in its initial position when no hydraulic pressure is applied to the valve 200.
On an opposite end of the inlet 6, the outer hollow housing 4 of the first section 2 comprises a threaded part 9, which threaded part 9 can be connected to a threaded part 32 on a second section 3 of the valve 200.
The second section 3 of the valve 200 comprises an outer hollow housing 30 and an internal movable body 31 arranged within the outer housing 30. The internal movable body 31 is arranged with an internal bore. One end of the outer hollow housing 30 is arranged with a threaded part 32, which threaded part will co work with the threaded part 9 in the first section 2. An opposite end of the outer hollow housing 30 will form one part of a sealing surface 34, while the internal movable body 31 connected to an end part 35 will form the other part of the sealing surface 34. The internal movable body 31 is connected to the end part 35 through a threaded connection 36. The outer hollow housing 30 and the internal movable body 31 with the end part 35 will in this way form a metal-to-metal seal. As the internal movable body 31 together with the end part 35 will be lifted off the sealing surface 34 when the valve 200 is opened, the sealing surface 34 will also function as a valve seat. Between the two sealing surfaces a sealing element 40 may be positioned. As for the first section 2, an elastic element, such as a spring, may be arranged in the second section 3 between the outer hollow housing 30 and the internal movable body 31 such as to urge the internal movable body 31 towards a closed position. Alternatively, no elastic element is used and the internal movable body 31 is held in the closed position by the external pressure acting on the end part 35. Openings 37 through the internal movable body 31 provides fluid communication between the bore 12 and the openings between the end part 35 and the outer hollow housing 30 when in the open position.
The threaded connection 9, 32 between the first and second section 2, 3 is a weakened connection such that it will break off or bend if the flange, in which the first section 2 of the valve 200 is arranged, is subjected to an unforeseen external force (a blow or strike) this force leading to that the flange in knocked off or get out of the position.
Alternatively, the valve 200 may be made up of one piece, i.e. without the threaded connection 9, 32, but otherwise with the same functionality as described above.
In an embodiment, illustrated in
The device 100 has a spool unit 102 with a through-channel 101 extending between a first end 102 a and a second end 102b, and a flange 103 arranged in conjunction with the first end 102a. The first flange 103 is configured for sealingly mounting the spool unit 102 to the wellhead 300, aligning the through-channel 101 with the port 301. A second flange 108 is arranged in conjunction with the second end 102b.
The valve 200 extends out of the port 301 and into the through-channel 101 of the spool unit 102, where it is accommodated in a first through-channel portion 101a of the through-channel 101 which is configured to receive and hold a part of the valve 200. At its rear end, the valve 200 has a tool engagement element 202 for co-operation with a placement and removal tool 758, described in further detail below.
Second connection elements 110, in this embodiment threads, are arranged in the through-channel 101. A plug 400 comprising third connection elements 401, in this embodiment threads, is configured for sealingly and removably engaging the second connection elements 110 such as to mount the plug 400 in the through-channel 101. The plug 400 is arranged in a second through-channel portion 101b which is configured to accommodate the plug 400. The plug 400 thereby blocks the through-channel 101 and prevents fluid flow therethrough. By means of the valve 200 and the plug 400, a double barrier between the hydrocarbon well and the outside of the valve device 100 is obtained. The plug 400 has a tool engagement element 402 for co-operation with a placement and removal tool 758, described in further detail below.
An annular shoulder 106 is arranged between the first through-channel portion 101a and the second through-channel portion 101b. The annular shoulder 106 may be arranged to co-operate with the plug 400 for providing a metal-to-metal seal between the through-channel 101 and the plug 400.
The second through-channel portion 101b has a larger cross-sectional area, i.e. a larger bore, than the first through-channel portion 101a, such as to allow the valve 200 to pass through the second through-channel portion 101b and out of an end opening 105 of the through-channel 101.
A blind flange 500, such as a dust cap, is removably mounted to the second end 102b such as to cover the end opening 105 of the through-channel 101. This protects the through-channel 101 and the tool engagement element 402 of the plug 400 from e.g. dust, debris, or contaminations from the surroundings.
The flange 103 has a first conduit 104 extending from an outer side wall 112 of the valve device 100 and into the through-channel 101. The first conduit 104 can be used as a test port, to pressure test the seals when the valve 200 and the plug 400 are installed. A connector 104a is arranged on the outer side wall 112 in conjunction with the first conduit 104 to allow e.g. a pressure test pipe to be connected.
The spool unit 102 further has a second conduit 107 extending from an outside wall 112 of the valve device 100 into the through-channel 101 and opening into the through-channel 101 between the first through-channel portion 101a and the second through-channel portion 101b. The second conduit 107 can be used as a test or bleed-off port to pressure test the seals e.g. when the valve 200 and the plug 400 are installed, or for bleed-off, i.e. to remove any built-up pressure in the through-channel 101. Alternatively, or in addition, the second conduit 107 can be used for injection, e.g. injection of chemicals or gas into the well (for example for gas lift operations) via the valve 200 and the port 301. A connector 107a is arranged on the outer side wall 112 in conjunction with the second conduit 107 to allow e.g. an injection pipe to be connected.
A third conduit 111 extends from the outer side wall 112 of the valve device 100 into the through-channel 101 and opens into the through-channel 101 in the first through-channel portion 101a. The third conduit 111 forms part of a hydraulic control line arranged to control the operation of the valve 200. A connector 111a is arranged on the outer side wall 112 in conjunction with the third conduit 111 to allow an external hydraulic control pipe to be connected. Seals 204 and 205 are arranged on the valve 200 on either side of the opening 8 (see also
In an alternative embodiment, the valve 200 is electrically actuated and the third conduit 111 comprises an electric supply line arranged for actuation of the valve 200. A plug may be arranged in the third conduit 111, and the plug may be movable and configured to have a retracted position in which the plug is spaced from the through-channel 101, and an advanced position in which the plug extends into the through-channel 101 and engages a corresponding receiver unit on the electrically actuated valve 200. Electrical actuation thus forms an optional and alternative configuration to the hydraulic actuation shown above.
In one embodiment, a method of operating a valve device will now be described with reference to
The method can be used for removing or replacing a valve 200 located in a port 301 of a wellhead 300 having a valve device 100 mounted thereon, as also shown in
In a first step, the blind flange 500, if it is mounted when starting to carry out the method, is removed. In the next step, a valve unit 751 is mounted to the second end 102 b, as shown in
The next step comprises attaching a placement and removal tool 758 to the valve unit 751, as is also shown in
The valve unit 751 and the placement and removal tool 758 can be mounted onto the spool unit 102 sequentially, i.e. first mounting the valve unit 751 to the spool unit 102 and then the tool 758 to the valve unit 751, or these may be pre-connected and mounted onto the spool unit 102 at the same time and in the same operation.
In the next step, the valve body 756, which was originally provided in the closed position, is opened, as shown in
Thereafter, the arm 762 and the plug 400 are retracted out of the spool unit 102 and into the valve unit 751 past the valve body 756, whereafter the valve body 756 is brought to its closed position. This situation is illustrated in
The next step comprises detaching the tool 758 from the valve unit 751 and removing the plug 400 from the engagement element 763. Prior to detaching the tool 758 from the valve unit 751, the tool 758 may be vented via through-bores or channels 765 in the flange 760 of the tool 758. The engagement element 763 is substituted for a different engagement element 764 (see
The tool 758 is then reattached to the valve unit 751, as is shown in
Thereafter, the arm 762 and the valve 200 are retracted out of the spool unit 102 as is shown in
The valve 200 has now been removed and can be, for example, serviced or replaced. The valve body 756 is in the closed position, thus holding any pressure from the well reaching the port 301.
In this embodiment, the same tool 758 was used to retrieve both the plug 400 and the valve 200. Alternatively, the tool 758 may be a set of individual tools, with each individual tool having features such as those described in relation to the tool 758, whereby one individual tool can be used for removing the plug 400 and one individual tool for removing the valve 200. In such an embodiment, exchange of the engagement elements 763 and 764 may not be necessary, as different individual tools which are part of tool 758 may be used for removal of the plug 400 and the valve 200 respectively.
To insert the valve 200 (or a replacement valve), the new valve 200 is attached to the engagement element 764 and the tool 758 is reattached to the valve unit 751.
Next, the steps described above are performed substantially in reverse order, i.e.:
In an embodiment, the valve 200 or new valve 200 may comprise first and second sections 2,3, as illustrated in
In an embodiment, the valve 200 or the new valve 200 may be a dummy valve, i.e. a valve which blocks for fluid flow past the port 301. This may be advantageous if the port 301 is to be permanently or semi-permanently sealed off, for example while obtaining a replacement valve 200 or at times when use of the port 301 is not required for a temporary period or permanently. Alternatively, or additionally, this allows a dummy valve to be removed from the power 301 and an operative valve 200 to be installed by means of the disclosed system and method, for example in a new wellhead completion in which the port 301 had been blocked off by a dummy valve during installation, or a wellhead where the port 301 has been deactivated for a period of time by arranging a dummy valve in the port 301.
According to embodiments of the system and method described herein, a safe and secure valve device for use with wellheads or valve trees is thus provided, while ensuring that the valve 200 can be readily retrieved in case of a need for replacement. A valve device according to embodiments described herein can be made more compact and more robust, and/or less prone to failure.
When used in this specification and claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” and variations thereof mean that the specified features, steps or integers are included. The terms are not to be interpreted to exclude the presence of other features, steps or components.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising embodiments of the disclosure in diverse forms thereof.
The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein; reference should be had to the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
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The present application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 16/464,092 filed on May 24, 2019, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16464092 | US | |
| Child | 17952486 | US |
