This application claims priority to German Patent Application No. DE 10 2017 205 572.3, filed on Mar. 31, 2017, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The invention relates to a valve drive for an internal combustion engine comprising a cam shaft and comprising at least one cam follower.
Generic valve drives for an internal combustion engine comprising a cam shaft and comprising at least one cam follower as well as comprising at least one cam group, which is mounted to the cam shaft in a rotatably fixed manner, comprising a first cam and comprising a second cam axially adjacent to the first cam, are already known. In a first position, the cam follower is thereby drivingly connected to the first cam of the respective cam group and, in a second position, to the second cam of the respective cam group.
The cam follower can be switched between the first position and the second position by means of an adjusting device and can thus switch on or switch off a corresponding cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The adjusting device thereby has a first adjustable engagement element and a second adjustable engagement element, which cooperate with a respective guide, which is arranged on the cam shaft. The first guide and the second guide are thereby arranged on a slide guide, which is arranged laterally on the cam groups on the cam shaft. The first engagement element and the second engagement element are thereby adjusted between an initial position and a shifting position, whereby there is no contact with the corresponding guide in the initial position, and the respective engagement element cooperates with the corresponding guide in the switching position.
Conventionally, the respective engagement elements are adjusted individually by means of linear actuators and the valve drive is controlled in this way, which, however, requires a large control effort. As a whole, the total costs of the valve drive are also increased significantly by means of relatively expensive linear actuators. However, a more cost-efficient mechanical control of the engagement elements can only be realized with difficulty due to a narrower valve drive chamber.
It is thus the object of the invention to specify an alternative space-saving embodiment for a valve drive of the generic type, in which the control of the valve drive is simplified, and the total costs are reduced.
According to the invention, this object is solved by means of the subject matter of independent claim(s). Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claim(s).
The present invention is based on the general idea of controlling the first engagement element and the second engagement element by means of an individual actuator and to thus reduce the number of the actuators in a valve drive. For this purpose, the valve drive according to the invention has a cam shaft and at least one cam follower, wherein the cam shaft has at least one cam group, which is mounted to the cam shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, comprising a first cam and comprising a second cam axially adjacent to the first cam. In a first position, the respective cam follower is drivingly connected to the first cam of the respective cam group and, in a second position, to the second cam of the respective cam group. To adjust the cam follower into the first or into the second position, the valve drive has at least one adjusting device, which has a first adjustable engagement element and a second adjustable engagement element. The first engagement element thereby cooperates with a first guide, which is arranged on the cam shaft, and the second engagement element cooperates with a second guide of a slide guide, which is arranged on the cam shaft. The first guide and the second guide can thereby be mounted to a slide guide. The first engagement element and the second engagement element can alternately be adjusted between an initial position and a switching position, whereby there is no contact with the corresponding guide in the initial position, and the respective engagement element cooperates with the corresponding guide in the switching position. According to the invention, the adjusting device has a switching arrangement comprising a first control element and comprising a second control element. The first control element is thereby mounted to the first engagement element and the second control element to the second engagement element. By means of the switching arrangement, the first control element comprising the first engagement element can be controlled through a first stop area, and the second control element comprising the second engagement element through a second stop area of the switching arrangement and can be adjusted from the initial position into the switching position.
The control element cooperates with the corresponding stop area of the switching arrangement. To adjust the engagement element, the corresponding stop area is guided to the control element by means of the switching arrangement, so that the control element mounted to the engagement element and thus to the cam follower, is adjusted by means of an upwards or downwards movement of the cam follower parallel to a longitudinal axis of the engagement element. The adjustment of the control element comprising the engagement element thereby occurs in that the control element bears on the stop area of the switching arrangement and is prevented from the upwards or downwards movement of the cam follower with the rocker arm on the rocker arm shaft. In response to the upwards or downwards movement of the cam follower with the rocker arm, the control element is thus adjusted relative to the cam follower. The control element thus also adjusts the engagement element along its longitudinal axis from the initial position into the switching position. The adjusted engagement element now cooperates with the respective guide, and the cam follower is transferred from the first position into the second position. The control element comprising the engagement element simultaneously also shifts along the cam follower from the respective stop area of the switching arrangement. The motion sequence of the switching arrangement can thereby be very simple—for example linear—and can be realized with a single actuator. The control elements also provide for an indirect actuation of the engagement elements and the switching arrangement can also be arranged inside a narrow valve drive chamber in a space-saving manner above or below the engagement elements. As a whole, the first engagement element and the second engagement element can be controlled by means of the switching arrangement with a single actuator in the valve drive according to the invention. The number of the actuators and thus the total costs of the valve drive are reduced in this way. In addition, the control of the valve drive is simplified as well.
In an advantageous further development of the solution according to the invention, provision is made for the adjusting device to have at least one fastening arrangement comprising a fastening element and comprising a counter fastening element, which is formed complementary to the fastening element. The control element is thereby mounted to the corresponding engagement element by means of the fastening element and the counter fastening element. A mounting of the engagement element to the respective fastening element provides for an adjustment of the engagement element from the initial position into the switching position by means of an adjustment of the control elements. The fastening element and the counter fastening element can be realized for example by means of a screw connection. A different positive connection, substance-to-substance bond or non-positive connection is possible as well.
Provision is advantageously made for the fastening element to be a through groove, which runs parallel or perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the respective engagement element, and for the counter fastening element to be a formation, which is complementary and integral to the through groove, on the engagement element or on the control element. The through groove and the formation engage with one another in a positive manner and thus mount the fastening element to the counter fastening element. The fastening element can thus be formed on the engagement element and the counter fastening element on the control element. In the alternative, the fastening element can be formed on the control element and the counter fastening element on the engagement element.
For example, the engagement element can thus have the through groove—which is thus radial—which runs perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element, and the control element can have the formation, which is complementary to the through groove. The formation of the control element is then arranged in the through groove of the engagement element and the control element is mounted in a positive manner parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element—thus axially—in the engagement element. The through groove—and thus the control element—can thereby be arranged in a middle, lower or upper area of the engagement element, so as to provide for a space-saving and variable installation of the switching arrangement in the valve drive. The lower area is thereby defined as an area of the engagement element, which cooperates with the slide guide. In addition, provision can also be made for a stop area, which is formed around the through groove or around the formation, and which can be mounted perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element—thus radially—to the engagement element in one direction by means of the control element. To also mount the control element in an opposite direction on the engagement element, a stop piece can be mounted to the control element. The control element is mounted perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element—thus radially—to the latter in a positive manner by means of the stop area and the stop piece.
In the alternative, the control element can have the through groove—which is thus axial—which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element, and the engagement element can have the formation, which is complementary thereto. The through groove and the formation mount the control element perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element—thus radially—to the engagement element in a positive manner. Here, the control element can also be mounted to the engagement element along the longitudinal axis of the engagement element—thus axially—by means of a stop area and a stop piece.
Provision is advantageously made for the respective control element to be s-shaped or c-shaped. The switching arrangement can then be arranged above or below as well as spaced apart on the engagement elements in a space-saving manner.
In a further development of the solution according to the invention, provision is advantageously made for the cam follower to have at least one guide recess, in which the control element is arranged so as to be capable of being displaced parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engagement element. The guide recesses in the cam follower prevent a lateral rotation of the control elements on the engagement elements, so that the engagement elements can be adjusted more securely.
Provision is also made for the slide guide to have at least one resetting arrangement, by means of which the engagement element can be brought into the initial position. It is ensured in this way that the engagement elements are in the initial position between the switch-over processes and can be controlled quickly.
Advantageously, the switching arrangement can be a pivot arrangement, wherein the first control element can be controlled by means of a pivoting of the pivot arrangement about an angle through the first stop area, and the second control element through the second stop area in an alternating manner. In the alternative, the switching arrangement can be a shifting arrangement, wherein the first control element can be controlled by means of a displacement of the shifting arrangement along a longitudinal axis of the cam follower through the first stop area, and the second control element through the second stop area, and the engagement elements can thus also be controlled in an alternating manner.
Such a switching arrangement can control the engagement elements with a very simple motion sequence, which can be realized by means of a single actuator. The number of the actuators in the valve drive and the total costs of the valve drive can be reduced in this way. Such a switching arrangement can moreover be embodied to be highly robust and mechanically stable.
Advantageously, the switching arrangement can be activated by means of an actuator, wherein the respective control elements can also be controlled by means of the activation of the switching arrangement. For example, the actuator can be a hydraulic, an electric or an electromagnetic or a pneumatic actuator. Other actuators can also be used in the switching arrangement in an advantageous manner.
Provision is advantageously made for the switching arrangement to be mounted to a cylinder head. The switching arrangement can be mounted in the valve drive without an additional space requirement in this way. The mounting can thereby occur by means of a substance-to-substance bond, in a non-positive or positive manner.
As a whole, the engagement elements can be controlled by means of the switching arrangement with a single actuator in the valve drive according to the invention. The number of the actuators and thus the total costs of the valve drive are reduced in this way and the control of the valve drive is simplified significantly. In addition, the switching arrangement can be mounted in the valve drive in a space-saving manner by means of the control elements.
Further important features and advantages of the invention follow from the subclaims, from the drawings, and from the corresponding figure description by means of the drawings.
It goes without saying that the above-mentioned features, and the features, which will be explained below, cannot only be used in the respective specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without leaving the scope of the invention.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be explained in more detail in the description below, whereby identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar or functionally identical components.
In each case schematically,
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To adjust the cam follower 3 into the first position or into the second position, the valve drive 1 has an adjusting device 6, which has a first adjustable engagement element 7a and a second adjustable engagement element 7b. The first engagement element 7a thereby cooperates with a first guide 8a, which is mounted to the cam shaft 2, and the second engagement element 7b cooperates with a second guide 8b of a slide guide 8, which is mounted to the cam shaft 2. The first engagement element 7a and the second engagement element 7b can alternately be adjusted between an initial position and a switching position, whereby there is no contact with the corresponding guide 8a or 8b in the initial position and the respective engagement element 7a or 7b cooperates with the corresponding guide 8a or 8b in the switching position. The valve drive 1 also has a rocker arm 9, on which the cam follower 3 is arranged so as to be capable of being displaced. The rocker arm 9 is rotatably mounted to a rocker arm shaft 10.
To adjust the engagement elements 7a and 7b, the adjusting device 6 has a switching arrangement 11 comprising a first stop area 12a for a first control element 13a and comprising a second stop area 12b for a second control element 13b. In this exemplary embodiment, the switching arrangement 11 is a linearly guided shifting arrangement, which is controlled by means of an individual—for example hydraulic or electromagnetic or pneumatic—actuator. In response to a displacement of the switching arrangement 11 along the rocker arm shaft 10, the stop area 12a or 12b is moved to the control element 13a or 13b and the respective control element 13a or 13b is displaced perpendicular to the rocker arm shaft 10 by means of a downwards movement of the rocker arm 9. The adjustment of the control element 13a or 13b with the respective engagement element 7a or 7b thereby occurs in that the control element 13a or 13b abuts on the stop area 12a or 12b of the switching arrangement 11 and is prevented from the upwards or downwards movement of the cam follower 3 with the rocker arm 9 on the rocker arm shaft 10. The control element 13a or 13b is thus adjusted relative to the cam follower 3 in response to the upwards or downwards movement of the cam follower 3 with the rocker arm 9.
The engagement elements 7a and 7b are mounted to the respective control elements 13a and 13b and are adjusted out of the initial position into the switching position in response to the displacement of the control elements 13a and 13b. The adjusted engagement element 7a or 7b now cooperates with the respective guide 8a or 8b, and the cam follower 3 is transferred into the first or into the second position. The control elements 13a and 13b also displace simultaneously with the engagement elements 7a and 7b with the cam follower 3 from the respective stop area 12a or 12b of the switching arrangement 11.
As a whole, the first engagement element 7a and the second engagement element 7b can be controlled by means of the switching arrangement 11 with the control elements 13 and 13b with a single actuator in the valve drive 1 according to the invention. The number of the actuators and thus the total costs of the valve drive 1 are reduced in this way. The switching arrangement 11 can be mounted above or below the cam follower 3 in a space-saving manner by means of the control elements 13a and 13b.
As a whole, the engagement elements 7a and 7b can be controlled securely by means of the switching arrangement 11 with a single actuator in the valve drive 1 according to the invention. The number of the actuators and thus the total costs of the valve drive 1 can thus be reduced. The control of the valve drive 1 is also simplified significantly through this. By means of the control elements 13a and 13b, the switching arrangement 11 can additionally be mounted in the valve drive 1—for example to a cylinder head—in a space-saving manner.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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102017205572.3 | Mar 2017 | DE | national |